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Nicolai L, Pekayvaz K, Massberg S. Platelets: Orchestrators of immunity in host defense and beyond. Immunity 2024; 57:957-972. [PMID: 38749398 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Platelets prevent blood loss during vascular injury and contribute to thrombus formation in cardiovascular disease. Beyond these classical roles, platelets are critical for the host immune response. They guard the vasculature against pathogens via specialized receptors, intracellular signaling cascades, and effector functions. Platelets also skew inflammatory responses by instructing innate immune cells, support adaptive immunosurveillance, and influence antibody production and T cell polarization. Concomitantly, platelets contribute to tissue reconstitution and maintain vascular function after inflammatory challenges. However, dysregulated activation of these multitalented cells exacerbates immunopathology with ensuing microvascular clotting, excessive inflammation, and elevated risk of macrovascular thrombosis. This dichotomy underscores the critical importance of precisely defining and potentially modulating platelet function in immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Nicolai
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
| | - Kami Pekayvaz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
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2
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Garcia-Leon MJ, Liboni C, Mittelheisser V, Bochler L, Follain G, Mouriaux C, Busnelli I, Larnicol A, Colin F, Peralta M, Osmani N, Gensbittel V, Bourdon C, Samaniego R, Pichot A, Paul N, Molitor A, Carapito R, Jandrot-Perrus M, Lefebvre O, Mangin PH, Goetz JG. Platelets favor the outgrowth of established metastases. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3297. [PMID: 38740748 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47516-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite abundant evidence demonstrating that platelets foster metastasis, anti-platelet agents have low therapeutic potential due to the risk of hemorrhages. In addition, whether platelets can regulate metastasis at the late stages of the disease remains unknown. In this study, we subject syngeneic models of metastasis to various thrombocytopenic regimes to show that platelets provide a biphasic contribution to metastasis. While potent intravascular binding of platelets to tumor cells efficiently promotes metastasis, platelets further support the outgrowth of established metastases via immune suppression. Genetic depletion and pharmacological targeting of the glycoprotein VI (GPVI) platelet-specific receptor in humanized mouse models efficiently reduce the growth of established metastases, independently of active platelet binding to tumor cells in the bloodstream. Our study demonstrates therapeutic efficacy when targeting animals bearing growing metastases. It further identifies GPVI as a molecular target whose inhibition can impair metastasis without inducing collateral hemostatic perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Garcia-Leon
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France.
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.
- Domain therapeutics, Parc d'Innovation - 220 Boulevard Gonthier D'Andernach, 67400, Strasbourg - Illkirch, France.
| | - Cristina Liboni
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Mittelheisser
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Louis Bochler
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Gautier Follain
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Clarisse Mouriaux
- UMR_S 1255, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ignacio Busnelli
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Annabel Larnicol
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Florent Colin
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Marina Peralta
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Naël Osmani
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Valentin Gensbittel
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Bourdon
- UMR_S 1255, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Rafael Samaniego
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Unidad de Microscopía Confocal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angélique Pichot
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Institut thématique interdisciplinaire (ITI) de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg Transplantex NG, Faculté de Médecine, France
| | - Nicodème Paul
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Institut thématique interdisciplinaire (ITI) de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg Transplantex NG, Faculté de Médecine, France
| | - Anne Molitor
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Institut thématique interdisciplinaire (ITI) de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg Transplantex NG, Faculté de Médecine, France
| | - Raphaël Carapito
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Institut thématique interdisciplinaire (ITI) de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg Transplantex NG, Faculté de Médecine, France
- Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, 67091, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Olivier Lefebvre
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Pierre H Mangin
- UMR_S 1255, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Jacky G Goetz
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France.
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Models of arterial thrombus formation represent a vital experimental tool to investigate platelet function and test novel antithrombotic drugs. This review highlights some of the recent advances in modelling thrombus formation in vitro and suggests potential future directions. RECENT FINDINGS Microfluidic devices and the availability of commercial chips in addition to enhanced accessibility of 3D printing has facilitated a rapid surge in the development of novel in-vitro thrombosis models. These include progression towards more sophisticated, 'vessel on a chip' models which incorporate vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Other approaches include the addition of branches to the traditional single channel to yield an occlusive model; and developments in the adhesive coating of microfluidic chambers to better mimic the thrombogenic surface exposed following plaque rupture. Future developments in the drive to create more biologically relevant chambers could see a move towards the use of human placental vessels, perfused ex-vivo. However, further work is required to determine the feasibility and validity of this approach. SUMMARY Recent advances in thrombus formation models have significantly improved the pathophysiological relevance of in-vitro flow chambers to better reflect the in-vivo environment and provide a more translational platform to test novel antithrombotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Drysdale
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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Schoen I, Kenny M, Patil S. Platelet mechanosensing as key to understanding platelet function. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:24-31. [PMID: 37846561 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review highlights how the perception of platelet function is evolving based on recent insights into platelet mechanobiology. RECENT FINDINGS The mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 mediates activation of free-flowing platelets under conditions of flow acceleration through mechanisms independent of adhesion receptors and classical activation pathways. Interference with the initiation of platelet migration or with the phenotypic switch of migrating platelets to a procoagulant state aggravates inflammatory bleeding. Mechanosensing of biochemical and biophysical microenvironmental cues during thrombus formation feed into platelet contractile force generation. Measurements of single platelet contraction and bulk clot retraction show promise to identify individuals at risk for hemorrhage. SUMMARY New findings unravel novel mechanotransduction pathways and effector functions in platelets, establishing mechanobiology as a pivotal component of platelet function. These insights highlight limitations of existing treatments and offer new potential therapeutic approaches and diagnostic avenues based on mechanobiological principles. Further extensive research is required to distinguish between core hemostatic and pathological mechanisms influenced by platelet mechanosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Schoen
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology
| | - Martin Kenny
- UCD Conway SPHERE Research Group
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Smita Patil
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology
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5
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Denorme F, Ajanel A, Campbell RA. Immunothrombosis in neurovascular disease. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2024; 8:102298. [PMID: 38292352 PMCID: PMC10825058 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.102298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
A State of the Art lecture titled "Immunothrombosis in Neurovascular Diseases" was presented at the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress in 2023. Despite significant clinical advancements in stroke therapy, stroke remains a prominent contributor to both mortality and disability worldwide. Brain injury resulting from an ischemic stroke is a dynamic process that unfolds over time. Initially, an infarct core forms due to the abrupt and substantial blockage of blood flow. In the subsequent hours to days, the surrounding tissue undergoes gradual deterioration, primarily driven by sustained hypoperfusion, programmed cell death, and inflammation. While anti-inflammatory strategies have proven highly effective in experimental models of stroke, their successful translation to clinical use has proven challenging. To overcome this translational hurdle, a better understanding of the distinct immune response driving ischemic stroke brain injury is needed. In this review article, we give an overview of current knowledge regarding the immune response in ischemic stroke and the contribution of immunothrombosis to this process. We discuss therapeutic approaches to overcome detrimental immunothrombosis in ischemic stroke and how these can be extrapolated to other neurovascular diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. Finally, we summarize relevant new data on this topic presented during the 2023 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Denorme
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Division of Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Abigail Ajanel
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Division of Microbiology and Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Robert A. Campbell
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Division of Microbiology and Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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6
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Hearn JI, Gardiner EE. Research and Clinical Approaches to Assess Platelet Function in Flowing Blood. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:1775-1783. [PMID: 37615110 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.317048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Platelet adhesion and activation is fundamental to the formation of a hemostatic response to limit loss of blood and instigate wound repair to seal a site of vascular injury. The process of platelet aggregate formation is supported by the coagulation system driving injury-proximal formation of thrombin, which converts fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin. This highly coordinated series of molecular and membranous events must be routinely achieved in flowing blood, at vascular fluid shear rates that place significant strain on molecular and cellular interactions. Platelets have long been recognized to be able to slow down and adhere to sites of vascular injury and then activate and recruit more platelets that forge and strengthen adhesive ties with the vascular wall under these conditions. It has been a major challenge for the Platelet Research Community to construct experimental conditions that allow precise definition of the molecular steps occurring under flow. This brief review will discuss work to date from our group, as well as others that has furthered our understanding of platelet function in flowing blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- James I Hearn
- Division of Genome Science and Cancer, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Elizabeth E Gardiner
- Division of Genome Science and Cancer, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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7
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Mangin PH, Gardiner EE, Ariëns RAS, Jandrot-Perrus M. Glycoprotein VI interplay with fibrin(ogen) in thrombosis. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:1703-1713. [PMID: 36990158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Platelets play a central role in the arrest of bleeding. The ability of platelets to engage with extracellular matrix proteins of the subendothelium has long been recognized as a pivotal platelet attribute, underpinning adequate hemostasis. The propensity of platelets to rapidly bind and functionally respond to collagen was one of the earliest documented events in platelet biology. The receptor primarily responsible for mediating platelet/collagen responses was identified as glycoprotein (GP) VI and successfully cloned in 1999. Since that time, this receptor has held the attention of many research groups, and through these efforts, we now have an excellent understanding of the roles of GPVI as a platelet- and megakaryocyte-specific adheso-signaling receptor in platelet biology. GPVI is considered a viable antithrombotic target, as data obtained from groups across the world is consistent with GPVI being less involved in physiological hemostatic processes but participating in arterial thrombosis. This review will highlight the key aspects of GPVI contributions to platelet biology and concentrate on the interaction with recently identified ligands, with a focus on fibrin and fibrinogen, discussing the role of these interactions in the growth and stability of thrombi. We will also discuss important therapeutic developments that target GPVI to modulate platelet function while minimizing bleeding outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre H Mangin
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Etablissement Français du Sang Grand-Est, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg F-67065 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Elizabeth E Gardiner
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Robert A S Ariëns
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Martine Jandrot-Perrus
- Université de Paris Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S1148, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
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8
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Ho-Tin-Noé B, Desilles JP, Mazighi M. Thrombus composition and thrombolysis resistance in stroke. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:100178. [PMID: 37538503 PMCID: PMC10394565 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.100178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A State of the Art lecture titled "Thrombus Composition and Thrombolysis Resistance in Stroke" was presented at the ISTH Congress in 2022. Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) remains the only pharmacologic option to re-establish cerebral perfusion at the acute phase of ischemic stroke. IVT is based on the administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator with the objective of dissolving fibrin, the major fibrillar protein component of thrombi. Almost 30 years on from its introduction, although the clinical benefits of IVT have been clearly demonstrated, IVT still suffers from a relatively low efficacy, with a rate of successful early recanalization below 50% overall. Analyses of thrombectomy-recovered acute ischemic stroke (AIS) thrombi have shown that apart from occlusion site, thrombus length, and collateral status, AIS thrombus structure and composition are also important modulators of IVT efficacy. In this article, after a brief presentation of IVT principle and current knowledge on IVT resistance, we review recent findings on how compaction and structural alterations of fibrin together with nonfibrin thrombus components such as neutrophil extracellular traps and von Willebrand factor interfere with IVT in AIS. We further discuss how these new insights could soon result in the development of original adjuvant therapies for improved IVT in AIS. Finally, we summarize relevant new data presented during the 2022 ISTH Congress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Ho-Tin-Noé
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Desilles
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Paris, France
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department and Biological Resources Center, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Mikael Mazighi
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Paris, France
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department and Biological Resources Center, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
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9
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Zhang X, Yu S, Li X, Wen X, Liu S, Zu R, Ren H, Li T, Yang C, Luo H. Research progress on the interaction between oxidative stress and platelets: Another avenue for cancer? Pharmacol Res 2023; 191:106777. [PMID: 37080257 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is a chemical imbalance between an oxidant and an antioxidant, causing damage to redox signaling and control or causing molecular damage. Unbalanced oxidative metabolism can produce excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). These excess ROS can cause drastic changes in platelet metabolism and further affect platelet function. It will also lead to an increase in platelet procoagulant phenotype and cell apoptosis, which will increase the risk of thrombosis. The creation of ROS and subsequent platelet activation, adhesion, and recruitment are then further encouraged in an auto-amplifying loop by ROS produced from platelets. Meanwhile, cancer cells produce a higher concentration of ROS due to their fast metabolism and high proliferation rate. However, excessive ROS can result in damage to and modification of cellular macromolecules. The formation of cancer and its progression is strongly associated with oxidative stress and the resulting oxidative damage. In addition, platelets are an important part of the tumor microenvironment, and there is a significant cross-communication between platelets and cancer cells. Cancer cells alter the activation status of platelets, their RNA spectrum, proteome, and other properties. The "cloaking" of cancer cells by platelets providing physical protection,avoiding destruction from shear stress and the attack of immune cells, promoting tumor cell invasion.We explored the vicious circle interaction between ROS, platelets, and cancer in this review, and we believe that ROS can play a stimulative role in tumor growth and metastasis through platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041 China; College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610042, China
| | - Sisi Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory of Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 3201 Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong 723099, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wen
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610042, China
| | - Shan Liu
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610042, China
| | - Ruiling Zu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Hanxiao Ren
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610042, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Chaoguo Yang
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610042, China.
| | - Huaichao Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041 China.
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10
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Jooss NJ, Henskens YMC, Watson SP, Farndale RW, Gawaz MP, Jandrot-Perrus M, Poulter NS, Heemskerk JWM. Pharmacological Inhibition of Glycoprotein VI- and Integrin α2β1-Induced Thrombus Formation Modulated by the Collagen Type. Thromb Haemost 2023; 123:597-612. [PMID: 36807826 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In secondary cardiovascular disease prevention, treatments blocking platelet-derived secondary mediators pose a risk of bleeding. Pharmacological interference of the interaction of platelets with exposed vascular collagens is an attractive alternative, with clinical trials ongoing. Antagonists of the collagen receptors, glycoprotein VI (GPVI), and integrin α2β1, include recombinant GPVI-Fc dimer construct Revacept, 9O12 mAb based on the GPVI-blocking reagent Glenzocimab, Syk tyrosine-kinase inhibitor PRT-060318, and anti-α2β1 mAb 6F1. No direct comparison has been made of the antithrombic potential of these drugs. METHODS Using a multiparameter whole-blood microfluidic assay, we compared the effects of Revacept, 9O12-Fab, PRT-060318, or 6F1 mAb intervention with vascular collagens and collagen-related substrates with varying dependencies on GPVI and α2β1. To inform on Revacept binding to collagen, we used fluorescent-labelled anti-GPVI nanobody-28. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this first comparison of four inhibitors of platelet-collagen interactions with antithrombotic potential, we find that at arterial shear rate: (1) the thrombus-inhibiting effect of Revacept was restricted to highly GPVI-activating surfaces; (2) 9O12-Fab consistently but partly inhibited thrombus size on all surfaces; (3) effects of GPVI-directed interventions were surpassed by Syk inhibition; and (4) α2β1-directed intervention with 6F1 mAb was strongest for collagens where Revacept and 9O12-Fab were limitedly effective. Our data hence reveal a distinct pharmacological profile for GPVI-binding competition (Revacept), GPVI receptor blockage (9O12-Fab), GPVI signaling (PRT-060318), and α2β1 blockage (6F1 mAb) in flow-dependent thrombus formation, depending on the platelet-activating potential of the collagen substrate. This work thus points to additive antithrombotic action mechanisms of the investigated drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Jooss
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yvonne M C Henskens
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Steve P Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Richard W Farndale
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,CambCol Laboratories, Ely, United Kingdom
| | - Meinrad P Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martine Jandrot-Perrus
- UMR_S1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, INSERM, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Natalie S Poulter
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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11
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Novel approaches to antiplatelet therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Zhang Y, Trigani KT, Shankar KN, Crossen J, Liu Y, Sinno T, Diamond SL. Anti-GPVI Fab reveals distinct roles for GPVI signaling in the first platelet layer and subsequent layers during microfluidic clotting on collagen with or without tissue factor. Thromb Res 2022; 218:112-129. [PMID: 36037547 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The collagen receptor glycoprotein VI (GPVI) drives strong platelet activation, however its role at later stages of clotting remains less clear. Controlled timing of addition of anti-human GPVI Fab (clone E12) with microfluidic venous whole blood flow over collagen (± lipidated tissue factor, TF) produced distinct effects on platelets, fibrin, P-selectin exposure, and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure. On collagen alone, Fab present initially potently reduced platelet deposition on collagen, while Fab added 90 s after initial platelet deposition, stopped subsequent platelet accumulation (despite the absence of fibrin). With thrombin generation via TF, Fab added at either t = 0 or 90 s had no effect on platelet deposition. However, Fab added initially, but not at 90-s, blocked fibrin formation. Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro ablated fibrin formation without effect on platelet accumulation (regardless of Fab added at t = 0 or 90 s), indicating thrombin signaling can suffice over GPVI signaling. Still, Fab moderately reduced P-selectin exposure with thrombin present and fibrin absent. On collagen/TF, Fab present initially ablated PS exposure, but had no effect when added 30 to 90-s later. The thrombin generated via PS exposure had an important role in driving platelet deposition in the presence of Fab, since inhibition of PS via annexin V binding in the presence of Fab significantly inhibited platelet deposition. We conclude GPVI signaling in the first platelet layer on collagen dictates thrombin and fibrin production, but the role of GPVI at subsequent times after formation of the first monolayer is obscured by thrombin-induced signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - K T Trigani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - K N Shankar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - J Crossen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - T Sinno
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - S L Diamond
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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13
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Targeting of a Conserved Epitope in Mouse and Human GPVI Differently Affects Receptor Function. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158610. [PMID: 35955743 PMCID: PMC9369317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoprotein (GP) VI is the major platelet collagen receptor and a promising anti-thrombotic target. This was first demonstrated in mice using the rat monoclonal antibody JAQ1, which completely blocks the Collagen-Related Peptide (CRP)-binding site on mouse GPVI and efficiently inhibits mouse platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation on collagen. Here, we show for the first time that JAQ1 cross-reacts with human GPVI (huGPVI), but not with GPVI in other tested species, including rat, rabbit, guinea pig, swine, and dog. We further demonstrate that JAQ1 differently modulates mouse and human GPVI function. Similar to its effects on mouse GPVI (mGPVI), JAQ1 inhibits CRP-induced activation in human platelets, whereas, in stark contrast to mouse GPVI, it does not inhibit the adhesion, activation or aggregate formation of human platelets on collagen, but causes instead an increased response. This effect was also seen with platelets from newly generated human GPVI knockin mice (hGP6tg/tg). These results indicate that the binding of JAQ1 to a structurally conserved epitope in GPVI differently affects its function in human and mouse platelets.
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14
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The Platelet Collagen Receptor GPVI Is Cleaved by Tspan15/ADAM10 and Tspan33/ADAM10 Molecular Scissors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052440. [PMID: 35269584 PMCID: PMC8910667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The platelet-activating collagen receptor GPVI represents the focus of clinical trials as an antiplatelet target for arterial thrombosis, and soluble GPVI is a plasma biomarker for several human diseases. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) acts as a ‘molecular scissor’ that cleaves the extracellular region from GPVI and many other substrates. ADAM10 interacts with six regulatory tetraspanin membrane proteins, Tspan5, Tspan10, Tspan14, Tspan15, Tspan17 and Tspan33, which are collectively termed the TspanC8s. These are emerging as regulators of ADAM10 substrate specificity. Human platelets express Tspan14, Tspan15 and Tspan33, but which of these regulates GPVI cleavage remains unknown. To address this, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout human cell lines were generated to show that Tspan15 and Tspan33 enact compensatory roles in GPVI cleavage, with Tspan15 bearing the more important role. To investigate this mechanism, a series of Tspan15 and GPVI mutant expression constructs were designed. The Tspan15 extracellular region was found to be critical in promoting GPVI cleavage, and appeared to achieve this by enabling ADAM10 to access the cleavage site at a particular distance above the membrane. These findings bear implications for the regulation of cleavage of other ADAM10 substrates, and provide new insights into post-translational regulation of the clinically relevant GPVI protein.
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15
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Perrella G, Nagy M, Watson SP, Heemskerk JWM. Platelet GPVI (Glycoprotein VI) and Thrombotic Complications in the Venous System. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2681-2692. [PMID: 34496636 PMCID: PMC9653110 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The immunoglobulin receptor GPVI (glycoprotein VI) is selectively expressed on megakaryocytes and platelets and is currently recognized as a receptor for not only collagen but also a variety of plasma and vascular proteins, including fibrin, fibrinogen, laminin, fibronectin, and galectin-3. Deficiency of GPVI is protective in mouse models of experimental thrombosis, pulmonary thromboembolism as well as in thromboinflammation, suggesting a role of GPVI in arterial and venous thrombus formation. In humans, platelet GPVI deficiency is associated with a mild bleeding phenotype, whereas a common variant rs1613662 in the GP6 gene is considered a risk factor for venous thromboembolism. However, preclinical studies on the inhibition of GPVI-ligand interactions are focused on arterial thrombotic complications. In this review we discuss the emerging evidence for GPVI in venous thrombus formation and leukocyte-dependent thromboinflammation, extending to venous thromboembolism, pulmonary thromboembolism, and cancer metastasis. We also recapitulate indications for circulating soluble GPVI as a biomarker of thrombosis-related complications. Collectively, we conclude that the current evidence suggests that platelet GPVI is also a suitable cotarget in the prevention of venous thrombosis due to its role in thrombus consolidation and platelet-leukocyte complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Perrella
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, The Netherlands (G.P., M.N., J.W.M.H.).,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.P., S.P.W.)
| | - Magdolna Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, The Netherlands (G.P., M.N., J.W.M.H.)
| | - Steve P Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.P., S.P.W.).,COMPARE, Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (S.P.W.)
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, The Netherlands (G.P., M.N., J.W.M.H.).,Now with Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.W.M.H.)
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16
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Braun A, Anders HJ, Gudermann T, Mammadova-Bach E. Platelet-Cancer Interplay: Molecular Mechanisms and New Therapeutic Avenues. Front Oncol 2021; 11:665534. [PMID: 34322381 PMCID: PMC8311658 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.665534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although platelets are critically involved in thrombosis and hemostasis, experimental and clinical evidence indicate that platelets promote tumor progression and metastasis through a wide range of physical and functional interactions between platelets and cancer cells. Thrombotic and thromboembolic events are frequent complications in patients with solid tumors. Hence, cancer modulates platelet function by directly inducing platelet-tumor aggregates and triggering platelet granule release and altering platelet turnover. Also, platelets enhance tumor cell dissemination by activating endothelial cell function and recruiting immune cells to primary and metastatic tumor sites. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the complex interactions between platelets and tumor cells and the host microenvironment. We also critically discuss the potential of anti-platelet agents for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Braun
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Elmina Mammadova-Bach
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
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