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Zhang LB, Yan Y, Ma R, Li DX, Yin WF, Tao QW, Xu Y. Integrated phytochemistry and network pharmacology analysis to reveal effective substances and mechanisms of Bushen Quhan Zhiwang decoction in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117897. [PMID: 38336180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bushen Quhan Zhiwang decoction (BQZD), a formula in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), effectively delays bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. However, its chemical constituents, absorbed components, and metabolites remain unrevealed, and its mechanism in treating bone destruction in RA needs further investigation. AIM OF THE STUDY Our objective is to identify the chemical constituents, absorbed components, and metabolites of BQZD and explore the potential mechanisms of BQZD in treating bone destruction in RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study systematically identified the chemical constituents, absorbed components, and metabolites of BQZD using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry combined with parallel reaction monitoring. The absorbed components and metabolites were subjected to network pharmacology analysis to predict the potential mechanisms of BQZD in treating bone destruction in RA. The in vivo anti-osteoclastogenic and underlying mechanism were further verified in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. RESULTS A total of 182 compounds were identified in BQZD, 27 of which were absorbed into plasma and organs and 42 metabolites were identified in plasma and organs. The KEGG analysis revealed that MAPK signaling pathway was highly prioritized. BQZD treatment attenuated paw swelling and the arthritis index; suppressed synovial hyperplasia, bone destruction, and osteoclast differentiation; and inhibited the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in CIA rats. Mechanically, BQZD significantly decreased the protein expression levels of TRAF6, NFATc1, p-JNK, and p-p38, which might be related to 9 absorbed components and 1 metabolite. CONCLUSION This study revealed the key active components and metabolites of BQZD. BQZD exhibits bone-protective effects via TRAF6/p38/JNK MAPK pathway, which may be associated with 9 absorbed components and 1 metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Bo Zhang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of TCM Rheumatism, Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Ru Ma
- Clinical Pharmacy Department & Xi'an Public Health Center, Xi'an, 710200, PR China
| | - Dong-Xu Li
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Wei-Feng Yin
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Qing-Wen Tao
- Department of TCM Rheumatism, Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of TCM Rheumatism, Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
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Duan C, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Wu T, Shen M, Xu J, Gao W, Pan J, Wei L, Su H, Shi C. Esketamine inhibits the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway in the spinal dorsal horn to relieve bone cancer pain in rats. Mol Pain 2024; 20:17448069241239231. [PMID: 38417838 PMCID: PMC10938627 DOI: 10.1177/17448069241239231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is one of the most common and feared symptoms in patients with advanced tumors. The X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) and the CXCR4 receptor have been associated with glial cell activation in bone cancer pain. Moreover, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), as downstream CXCL12/CXCR4 signals, and c-Jun, as activator protein AP-1 components, contribute to the development of various types of pain. However, the specific CIBP mechanisms remain unknown. Esketamine is a non-selective N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor (NMDA) inhibitor commonly used as an analgesic in the clinic, but its analgesic mechanism in bone cancer pain remains unclear. We used a tumor cell implantation (TCI) model and explored that CXCL12/CXCR4, p-MAPKs, and p-c-Jun were stably up-regulated in the spinal cord. Immunofluorescence images showed activated microglia in the spinal cord on day 14 after TCI and co-expression of CXCL12/CXCR4, p-MAPKs (p-JNK, p-ERK, p-p38 MAPK), and p-c-Jun in microglia. Intrathecal injection of the CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 reduced JNK and c-Jun phosphorylations, and intrathecal injection of the JNK inhibitor SP600125 and esketamine also alleviated TCI-induced pain and reduced the expression of p-JNK and p-c-Jun in microglia. Overall, our data suggest that the CXCL12/CXCR4-JNK-c-Jun signaling pathway of microglia in the spinal cord mediates neuronal sensitization and pain hypersensitivity in cancer-induced bone pain and that esketamine exerts its analgesic effect by inhibiting the JNK-c-Jun pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxia Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhuoliang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengwei Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinfu Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxin Gao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhua Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huibin Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chenghuan Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
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Song XW, Yao Y, Yu PC, Zhang W, Liu WF, Wang LY, Zhao K, Lu JC, Meng XC. Sodium nitroprusside improved the quality of Radix Saposhnikoviae through constructed physiological response under ecological stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15823. [PMID: 37740027 PMCID: PMC10516912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The ecological significance of secondary metabolites is to improve the adaptive ability of plants. Secondary metabolites, usually medicinal ingredients, are triggered by unsuitable environment, thus the quality of medicinal materials under adversity being better. The quality of the cultivated was heavily declined due to its good conditions. Radix Saposhnikoviae, the dried root of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk., is one of the most common botanicals in Asian countries, now basically comes from cultivation, resulting in the market price being only 1/10 to 1/3 of its wild counterpart, so improving the quality of cultivated Radix Saposhnikoviae is of urgency. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a crucial role in generating reactive oxygen species and modifying the secondary metabolism of plants. This study aims to enhance the quality of cultivated Radix Saposhnikoviae by supplementing exogenous NO. To achieve this, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was utilized as an NO provider and applied to fresh roots of S. divaricata at concentrations of 0.03, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mmol/L. This study measured parameters including the activities of antioxidant enzymes, secondary metabolite synthesis enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), and chalcone synthase (CHS), as well as the contents of NO, superoxide radicals (O2·-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and four secondary metabolites. The quality of Radix Saposhnikoviae was evaluated with antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory effects, and inflammatory factors. As a result, the NO contents in the fresh roots were significantly increased under SNP, which led to a significant increase of O2·-, H2O2, and MDA. The activities of important antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD), were found to increase as well, with their peak levels observed on the 2nd and 3rd days. PAL, ACC, and CHS activities were also significantly enhanced, resulting in the increased secondary metabolite contents of Radix saposhnikoviae in all groups, especially the 0.5 mmol/L SNP. The four active ingredients, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, cimifugin, 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol, increased by 88.3%,325.0%, 55.4%, and 283.8%, respectively, on the 3rd day. The pharmaceutical effects of Radix Saposhnikoviae under 0.5 mmol/L SNP were significantly enhanced. Exogenous SNP can induce the physiological response of S. divaricata under adverse conditions and significantly improve the quality of Radix Saposhnikoviae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Song
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yao Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Wen-Fei Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Li-Yang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jin-Cai Lu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Xiang-Cai Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Park KR, Leem HH, Kwon YJ, Kwon IK, Hong JT, Yun HM. Sec-O-glucosylhamaudol promotes the osteogenesis of pre-osteoblasts via BMP2 and Wnt3a signaling. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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