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Kim DG, Lee DY, Woo SJ, Park KH, Park SJ. Nationwide incidence of congenital and infantile cataract requiring surgery in Korea. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5251. [PMID: 38438402 PMCID: PMC10912700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Congenital and infantile (CI) cataract is one of the most important and preventable cause of blindness in children, but the incidence has not been studied in Korea. We collected data from the national claims database of the National Health Insurance Service of Korea from 2002 through 2019. We identified children who underwent cataract surgery within the age of 5 years, and cumulative incidence rates were calculated for each of the three age criteria. 989 patients out of 4,221,459 births underwent surgery with CI cataract during the period. The cumulative incidence rates per 10,000 births were 1.60 (0-1 years), 2.38 (0-3 years), and 2.95 (0-5 years), respectively. The incidence peaked in the 2007 birth cohort, which coincides with the start of the national screening program for infants/children. Primary intraocular lens implantation was performed in 439 patients (44%). Strabismus and glaucoma requiring surgery occurred in 291 patients (29.4%) and 32 patients (3.2%), respectively, within 8 years after cataract surgery. The incidence rates of CI cataract in Korea appear to be comparable to previous studies in other regions. The early screening program for infants may reduce delayed diagnosis and increase the proportion of patients undergoing surgery at a critical time for visual development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Geun Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inje University College of Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Da Yun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Se Joon Woo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Jun Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
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Chun S, Jang S, Kim JY, Ko C, Lee J, Hong J, Park YR. Comprehensive Assessment and Early Prediction of Gross Motor Performance in Toddlers With Graph Convolutional Networks-Based Deep Learning: Development and Validation Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e51996. [PMID: 38381519 PMCID: PMC10918544 DOI: 10.2196/51996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate and timely assessment of children's developmental status is crucial for early diagnosis and intervention. More accurate and automated developmental assessments are essential due to the lack of trained health care providers and imprecise parental reporting. In various areas of development, gross motor development in toddlers is known to be predictive of subsequent childhood developments. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to develop a model to assess gross motor behavior and integrate the results to determine the overall gross motor status of toddlers. This study also aimed to identify behaviors that are important in the assessment of overall gross motor skills and detect critical moments and important body parts for the assessment of each behavior. METHODS We used behavioral videos of toddlers aged 18-35 months. To assess gross motor development, we selected 4 behaviors (climb up the stairs, go down the stairs, throw the ball, and stand on 1 foot) that have been validated with the Korean Developmental Screening Test for Infants and Children. In the child behavior videos, we estimated each child's position as a bounding box and extracted human keypoints within the box. In the first stage, the videos with the extracted human keypoints of each behavior were evaluated separately using a graph convolutional networks (GCN)-based algorithm. The probability values obtained for each label in the first-stage model were used as input for the second-stage model, the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm, to predict the overall gross motor status. For interpretability, we used gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) to identify important moments and relevant body parts during the movements. The Shapley additive explanations method was used for the assessment of variable importance, to determine the movements that contributed the most to the overall developmental assessment. RESULTS Behavioral videos of 4 gross motor skills were collected from 147 children, resulting in a total of 2395 videos. The stage-1 GCN model to evaluate each behavior had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.79 to 0.90. Keypoint-mapping Grad-CAM visualization identified important moments in each behavior and differences in important body parts. The stage-2 XGBoost model to assess the overall gross motor status had an AUROC of 0.90. Among the 4 behaviors, "go down the stairs" contributed the most to the overall developmental assessment. CONCLUSIONS Using movement videos of toddlers aged 18-35 months, we developed objective and automated models to evaluate each behavior and assess each child's overall gross motor performance. We identified the important behaviors for assessing gross motor performance and developed methods to recognize important moments and body parts while evaluating gross motor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulim Chun
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyoung Jang
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanyoung Ko
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JooHyun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JaeSeong Hong
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Rang Park
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Shin DW, Cho J, Park JH, Cho B. National General Health Screening Program in Korea: history, current status, and future direction: A scoping review. PRECISION AND FUTURE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.23838/pfm.2021.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Yim CH, Kim GH, Eun BL. Usefulness of the Korean Developmental Screening Test for infants and children for the evaluation of developmental delay in Korean infants and children: a single-center study. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2017; 60:312-319. [PMID: 29158765 PMCID: PMC5687978 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2017.60.10.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the usefulness of the Korean Developmental Screening Test (K-DST) for infants and children for developmental delay assessment. Methods This study was based on retrospective studies of the results of the K-DST, Preschool Receptive-Expressive Language Scale (PRES), Sequenced Language Scale for Infants (SELSI), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT), electroencephalography, magnetic resonance imaging, and extensive tests conducted in 209 of 1,403 patients, of whom 758 underwent the K-DST at the Korea University Guro Hospital between January 2015 and December 2016 and 645 were referred from local clinics between January 2015 and June 2016. Results Based on the K-DST results, the male children significantly more frequently required further or follow-up examination than the female children in most test sections, except for gross motor. The male children had notably lower mean scores than the female children. The PRES/SELSI results showed that when more further or follow-up evaluations were required in the K-DST communication section, significantly more problems in language delay or disorder emerged. When further or follow-up evaluation was required in the cognitive section in the CARS/M-CHAT, the possibility of autism increased significantly. A child tended to score low in the CARS test and show autism when further or follow-up evaluation was recommended in the K-DST. Conclusion This study demonstrated the usefulness of the K-DST as a screening test early in the development of infants and children in Korea. Data of normal control groups should be examined to determine the accuracy of this investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hyuk Yim
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gun-Ha Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Baik-Lin Eun
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Suh CR, Sohn SY, Kim GH, Jung SK, Eun BL. Single-center experience of the Korean-Developmental Screening Test for infants and children. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2016; 59:483-489. [PMID: 28194214 PMCID: PMC5300913 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2016.59.12.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the number of test takers of the Korean-Developmental Screening Test (K-DST) in a single children's hospital within a year, according to age, referral rate, and follow-up percentage. Methods For this study, 4,062 children who visited and received K-DST at Woorisoa Children's Hospital between January and December 2015 were enrolled. Seven test sets were used according to the Korean National Health Screening Program for infants and children in the following age groups: 4 to 6, 9 to 12, 18 to 24, 30 to 36, 42 to 48, 54 to 60, and 66 to 71 months. The results of the K-DST were categorized into 4 groups as follows: further evaluation (<−2 standard deviation [−2SD]), follow-up test (−2SD to −1SD), peer level (−1SD to 1SD), and high level (>1SD). Results The test participants' population and follow-up population were concentrated before the age of 24 months (2,532, 62.3%). The children most commonly referred for further evaluation were those in the 30- to 41-month age group. A mismatch was found between the results of the K-DST and the additional questions. Most of the infants and children with suspicious developmental delays showed catch-up development in their follow-up tests (43 of 55, 78.2%). Conclusion The use of K-DST should be encouraged, especially among children aged over 24 months. Multiple-choice question format for the additional questions is recommended to avoid confusion. We suggest a nationwide study to evaluate and revise the K-DST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae-Ri Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Ye Sohn
- Woorisoa Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gun-Ha Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Baik-Lin Eun
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Parenting Efficacy and Health-promoting Behaviors for Children of Mothers from Native and Multicultural Families in Korea. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2015; 9:104-8. [PMID: 26160237 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine the levels of parenting efficacy and health-promoting behaviors for children of mothers, and to explore the relationships between parenting efficacy and the behaviors of mothers from native and multicultural families in South Korea. METHODS Data was collected by a self-report questionnaire completed by 258 mothers who had 6-month to 36-month-old children attending kindergartens or multicultural family support centers located in Seoul and in Gyeounggi Province, South Korea. RESULTS No significant difference in parenting efficacy was found, depending on the maternal country of origin. However, Chinese mothers performed health-promoting behaviors more frequently for their children than Korean and Vietnamese mothers did (F = 6.87, p < .001). The significant positive correlations between parenting efficacy and maternal health-promoting behaviors for children were found, regardless of maternal country of origin (r = .57, p < .001 for Korean, r = .42, p < .001 for Chinese, and r= .40, p < .001 for Vietnamese mothers). CONCLUSIONS Since maternal health-promoting behaviors were different depending on the native country of the mothers, maternal country of origin should be considered in designing programs for improving maternal health-promoting behaviors for their children. In addition, increasing the level of parenting efficacy can be an effective way for improvement of maternal health-promoting behaviors.
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Kim SK. Recent update of autism spectrum disorders. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2015; 58:8-14. [PMID: 25729393 PMCID: PMC4342781 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2015.58.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In patients with a language developmental delay, it is necessary to make a differential diagnosis for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), specific language impairment, and mental retardation. It is important that pediatricians recognize the signs and symptoms of ASDs, as many patients with language developmental delays are ultimately diagnosed with ASDs. Pediatricians play an important role in the early recognition of ASDs, because they are usually the first point of contact for children with ASDs. A revision of the diagnostic criteria of ASDs was proposed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) that was released in May 2013. The autism spectrum describes a range of conditions classified as neurodevelopmental disorders in the fifth edition of the DSM. The new diagnostic criteria encompasses previous elements from the diagnosis of autistic disorder, Asperger disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified. An additional change to the DSM includes synthesizing the section on social and communication deficits into one domain. In ASD patients, the appropriate behavioral therapies and rehabilitation treatments significantly affect the prognosis. Therefore, this makes early diagnosis and treatment very important. In conclusion, pediatricians need to be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of ASDs and be attentive to them in order to make an early diagnosis and provide treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Koo Kim
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
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Obesity and a Febrile Urinary Tract Infection: Dual Burden for Young Children? Urology 2014; 84:445-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2014.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kim SW, Han ZA, Jeon HR, Choi JY, Chung HJ, Kim YK, Yoon YH. Neurodevelopmental disorders of children screened by the infantile health promotion system. Ann Rehabil Med 2012; 35:867-72. [PMID: 22506216 PMCID: PMC3309373 DOI: 10.5535/arm.2011.35.6.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform an in depth evaluation of children, and thus provide a systematic method of managing children, who after infantile health screening, were categorized as suspected developmental delay. METHOD 78 children referred to the Developmental Delay Clinic of Ilsan Hospital after suspected development delay on infantile health examinations were enrolled. A team comprised of a physiatrist, pediatrician and pediatric psychiatrist examined the patients. Neurological examination, speech and cognitive evaluation were done. Hearing tests and chromosome studies were performed when needed clinically. All referred children completed K-ASQ questionnaires. Final diagnoses were categorized into specific language impairment (SLI), global developmental delay (GDD), intellectual disability (ID), cerebral palsy (CP), motor developmental delay (MD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD). RESULTS 72 of the 78 patients were abnormal in the final diagnosis, with a positive predictive value of 92.3%. Thirty (38.4%) of the 78 subjects were diagnosed as GDD, 28 (35.8%) as SLI, 5 (6.4%) as ASD, 9 (12.5%) as MD, and 6 (7.6%) as normal. Forty five of the 78 patients had risk factors related to development, and 18 had a positive family history for developmental delay and/or autistic disorders. The mean number of abnormal domains on the K-ASQ questionnaires were 3.6 for ASD, 2.7 for GDD, 1.8 for SLI and 0.6 for MD. Differences between these numbers were statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Because of the high predictive value of the K-ASQ, a detailed evaluation is necessary for children suspected of developmental delay in an infantile health promotion system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Woo Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital, Goyang 410-719, Korea
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Moon JS, Lee SY, Eun BL, Kim SW, Kim YK, Shin SM, Lee HK, Chung HJ. One-year evaluation of the national health screening program for infants and children in Korea. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2010. [DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2010.53.3.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Soo Moon
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Soon Young Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Baik-Lin Eun
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Woo Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, NHIC Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Young Key Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, NHIC Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Son Moon Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hea Kyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul Veterans Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, NHIC Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
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Eun BL, Moon JS, Eun SH, Lee HK, Shin SM, Sung IK, Chung HJ. The current child and adolescent health screening system: an assessment and proposal for an early and periodic check-up program. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2010. [DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2010.53.3.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baik-Lin Eun
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Jin Soo Moon
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Korea
| | - So-Hee Eun
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Hea Kyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul Veterans Hospital, Korea
| | - Son Moon Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - In Kyung Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Health Insurance Corporation, Ilsan Hospital, Korea
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