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Khadour FA, Khadour YA, Alhatem W, Albarroush D, Dao X. Risk factors Associated with Pain Severity in Syrian patients with non-specific low back Pain. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:687. [PMID: 39217298 PMCID: PMC11365148 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07828-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) majorly contributes to activity limitations and work absences worldwide. Therefore, a comprehensive knowledge of the risk factors linked to non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) can enable early and timely interventions to achieve long-term improvements. Current study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with the severity of NSLBP patients in Syria. METHODS This study used a cross-sectional design and a self-assessment questionnaire to collect data on NSLBP, as well as personal and physical factors, across four provinces in Syria (Damascus, Aleppo, Homs, and Latakia) from November 2021 to September 2022. The assessments incorporated the Short Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36), the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Then we examined the relationship between the severity of NSLBP and these potential risk factors. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize the demographic characteristics of the participants. Additionally, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors for non-specific low back pain. RESULTS The study included a total of 875 patients with NSLBP. The results indicated that patients with primary school education, a high body mass index (BMI), prolonged driving and sitting durations, smoking habits, and recurrent low back pain had higher VAS and ODI scores, as well as lower SF-36 scores (p < 0.01). Additionally, workers and drivers had higher VAS and ODI scores and lower SF-36 scores compared to waiters and patients who lifted objects heavier than 10 kg for more than a quarter of their work time for over 10 years (p < 0.01). The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that lower education levels, low back pain lasting 1-7 days, chronic low back pain in the past year, smoking, driving for prolonged time, and higher BMI were associated with more severe VAS scores. CONCLUSION The severity of NSLBP is related to lower education levels, poor living conditions, strenuous physical labor, inactive lifestyle, and driving for a long time. Additionally, patients with recurrent NSLBP experience more intense pain. To manage these issues, potential interventions could include reducing obesity rates, limiting the duration of hard physical work, limiting driving duration and reducing sedentary behaviors and smoking. These measures may help alleviate the overall burden of NSLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fater A Khadour
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baath University, Homs, Syria.
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science Faculty, Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria.
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jie-Fang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Younes A Khadour
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baath University, Homs, Syria
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science Faculty, Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria
- Department of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Weaam Alhatem
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baath University, Homs, Syria
| | - Deema Albarroush
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baath University, Homs, Syria
| | - Xiuli Dao
- Department of Sport Education, Neijiang Normal University, Sichuan, 641004, China
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Al Mulhim FA, Alalwan HA, Alkhars AM, Almutairi A, AlSaeed MN, Althabit FM. Prevalence of Low Back Pain and Its Related Risk Factors and Disability Following Lumbar Discectomy: A Single-Center Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e49729. [PMID: 38161856 PMCID: PMC10757580 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lumbar disc herniation is considered the most common cause of sciatica, which is a contributing factor to disability. Surgical management of lumbar disc herniation in the form of discectomy is superior to conservative management in terms of better recovery and pain relief. However, recurrence, residual back pain, and disability are common expected complications following surgery. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of low back pain and its related risk factors and disability following discectomy at King Fahad Hospital in the Al-Ahsa region. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Fahad Hofuf Hospital in the Al-Ahsa region among patients who were admitted and underwent lumbar spine discectomy in the last six years either due to traumatic or degenerative causes. The study used an anonymous questionnaire consisting of the patient's sociodemographic data, medical and surgical history, spine disease history, and surgical history. The preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale score, neurological status, and American Spinal Cord Impairment Scale score were noted. In addition, immediate postoperative neurological status and minor complications were recorded. Moreover, more than six months postoperatively, the Numeric Analogue Scale and the Oswestry low back pain disability index questionnaire were administered. Results A total of 201 patients were included in the study. The majority of the patients were male (59.7%), with ages ranging from 41 to 60 years (51.7). Most patients underwent one surgery (83.6%) in the form of discectomy alone (90.5%) at L3-L4 (58.7%), for which the intervertebral disc was the most common degenerative indication for surgery. All patients (100%) had low back pain preoperatively, and most patients (50.7%) had no back pain six months postoperatively. Preoperatively, 58.2% had diminished neurological status, while only 29.9% showed a deficit postoperatively. Postoperative low back pain was significantly associated with office-based jobs (p = 0.021, 60.5%) and a high number of surgeries (p = 0.004, 74.1%). The following factors were observed to be risk factors for having lower back pain: six months postoperatively, being unemployed (p = 0.024, odds ratio = 4.38, 338% increased risk), having an office-based job (p = 0.012, odds ratio = 3.98, 298% increased risk), and the underlying cause of the problem being degenerative (p = 0.003, odds ratio = 3.34, 234% increased risk). Low back pain-related severe disability postoperatively was significantly associated with increased age >40 (28-50%; p = 0.045), female gender (p = 0.012, 44.4%), and being unemployed (p = 0.002, 51.4%). The level of disability six months postoperatively was moderate in 40.4% of the patients. Conclusions Lumbar discectomy is a successful procedure for relieving low back pain among patients with degenerative spine disease, with an improvement that involves neurological status. However, residual back pain may still occur in less than half of the patients despite appropriate management, such as being unemployed or office-based employees and having multiple spine surgeries. However, low back pain-related disability is often moderate, with increasing severity seen with increased age, being female, and being unemployed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad A Al Mulhim
- Orthopedic Surgery, King Fahad Hospital Hofuf, Al-Ahsa, SAU
- Orthopedic Surgery, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | | | | | | | - Mohammed N AlSaeed
- Orthopedic Surgery, King Fahad Hospital Hofuf, Al-Ahsa, SAU
- Orthopedics, King Fahad Hospital Hofuf, Al-Ahsa, SAU
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Cho S, Lim YC, Kim EJ, Park Y, Ha IH, Lee YS, Lee YJ. Analysis of Conservative Treatment Trends for Lumbar Disc Herniation with Radiculopathy in Korea: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2353. [PMID: 37628549 PMCID: PMC10454101 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the trends in conservative treatment and associated medical costs for lumbar intervertebral disc disorders with radiculopathy in Korea. This population-based cross-sectional study included patients aged ≥ 20 years with at least one "intervertebral disc disorder with radiculopathy" claim (Korean Standard Classification of Diseases (KCD)-7 code: M511) who sought treatment from tertiary, general, or Korean Medicine hospitals or clinics between 2010 and 2019 and whose data were extracted from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service National Patients Sample database. Intervention frequency, ratio, and medical costs, including medication, were analyzed. The number of patients with lumbar intervertebral disc disorders and radiculopathy undergoing conservative treatment increased by >30%, and medical costs increased from USD 3,342,907 to USD 5,600,456 during the 10-year period. The non-surgical treatments mainly used were medication and physiotherapy, and the most commonly prescribed medication was non-opioid analgesics. Meanwhile, the number of patients who used nerve plexus and root and ganglion nerve blocks showed the most significant increase. In conclusion, the number of patients with radiculopathy who received nerve blocks, particularly nerve plexus and root and ganglion nerve blocks, and related expenditure increased, implying a gradual shift in medical decisions from systemic pain reduction to specific and targeted pain treatments. Future studies and clinical practice guidelines may require further inspection of real-world practice to advise optimal treatment choices for an effective treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohyun Cho
- Jaseng Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yu-Cheol Lim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea; (Y.-C.L.); (I.-H.H.)
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University Bundang Oriental Hospital, Seongnam 13601, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yeoncheol Park
- Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Kyung Hee University at Gangdong, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdonggu, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea;
| | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea; (Y.-C.L.); (I.-H.H.)
| | - Ye-Seul Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea; (Y.-C.L.); (I.-H.H.)
| | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea; (Y.-C.L.); (I.-H.H.)
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Mekoulou Ndongo J, Bika Lele EC, Guessogo WR, Meche LP, Ayina Ayina CN, Guyot J, Zengue B, Lobe Tanga MY, Owana Manga LJ, Temfemo A, Barth N, Bongue B, Mandengue SH, Assomo Ndemba PB. Musculoskeletal disorders among secondary school teachers in Douala, Cameroon: The effect of the practice of physical activities. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 3:1023740. [PMID: 36589714 PMCID: PMC9800922 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.1023740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) represent an important threat to public health in both developed and developing countries, and are present in many occupational sectors including education. Regular practice of physical activity (PA) is known elicit preventive effects on the occurrence of MSDs. Objective This study aimed at determining the prevalence of MSDs and the preventive impact of PA on their occurrence among secondary school teachers. Participants and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 179 teachers in five government secondary schools in Douala, Cameroon. The Nordic and Ricci-Gagnon questionnaires were used to determine MSDs and to assess the level of PA, respectively. Results The 12-month and 7-day prevalence of MSD (PMSD-12m and PMSD-7d) were 84.3% and 69.3%, respectively. The most affected body regions by MSDs were neck (PMSD-12m = 54.2%, PMSD-7d = 33.5%), lower back (PMSD-12m = 43%, PMSD-7d = 33%), and shoulders (PMSD-12m = 35%, PMSD-7d = 22.9%). Compared to female, males were protected against MSDs during the last 12 months (OR = 0.37; 95% CI 0.16-0.93; p = 0.04). The risk of MSDs during the last seven days was higher in teachers aged 30-40 years (OR = 2.86; 95% CI 1.14-7.14; p = 0.02) and 40-50 years (OR = 4.28; 95% CI 1.49-16.29; p = 0.008) than those under 30 years. This risk was tripled in inactive teachers (OR = 3.07; 95% CI 1.40-6.78; p = 0.005), compared to their active counterparts. Conclusion MSDs are prevalent among secondary school teachers and associated with aging, gender, and lower level of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerson Mekoulou Ndongo
- Physical Activities and Sport Physiology and Medicine Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Elysée Claude Bika Lele
- Physical Activities and Sport Physiology and Medicine Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Wiliam Richard Guessogo
- Department of Human and Social Sciences Applied to Physical Activities and Sports, National Institute of Youth and Sports, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Clarisse Noel Ayina Ayina
- Physical Activities and Sport Physiology and Medicine Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Jessica Guyot
- INSERM, U1059, Sainbiose, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Babette Zengue
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Abdou Temfemo
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Nathalie Barth
- INSERM, U1059, Sainbiose, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Bienvenu Bongue
- INSERM, U1059, Sainbiose, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Samuel Honoré Mandengue
- Physical Activities and Sport Physiology and Medicine Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Peguy Brice Assomo Ndemba
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon,Correspondence: Peguy Brice Assomo Ndemba
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Ge L, Pereira MJ, Yap CW, Heng BH. Chronic low back pain and its impact on physical function, mental health, and health-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study in Singapore. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20040. [PMID: 36414674 PMCID: PMC9681885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24703-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic low back pain, defined as low back pain lasting more than 3 months, is a globally prevalent health problem with significantly high medical and economic burden on individuals and the society. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of chronic low back pain and examine its association with health outcomes including physical function, mental health, and quality of life among adult population in Singapore. Cross-sectional secondary data analysis was performed using baseline data of the 1941 adults (mean age: 52.6 years, range: 21-97 years) from a representative population health survey conducted in the Central region of Singapore. Those with self-reported chronic low back pain in past six months were identified. The Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and EQ-5D-5L were used to measure physical function and limitation, mental health, and health-related quality of life, respectively. Generalized Linear Regressions were used to examine the association of chronic low back pain with physical function, limitation, depressive symptoms, and health-related quality of life. There were 8.1% (n = 180) participants reporting having chronic low back pain in past six months, among whom 80.5% sought treatments at either primary care, specialist outpatient, or Traditional Chinese Medicine clinics. Individuals with chronic low back pain reported poorer physical function, more limitations in performing major life tasks and social activities, more depressive symptoms, and lower health-related quality of life (all p < 0.01), even after adjusting for socio-demographics, lifestyle factors, and number of morbidities. The prevalence of chronic low back pain was 8.1% among the study population. Chronic low back pain was associated with poorer physical function, more limitations and depressive symptoms, and lower health-related quality of life. The findings highlight the significant impact of chronic low back pain on physical function and limitation, mental health, and health-related quality of life in a general population. Increased awareness on prevention, early and proper management of low back pain, and rehabilitation policies are required to better tackle the burden of low back pain at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Ge
- grid.466910.c0000 0004 0451 6215Health Services & Outcomes Research, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link, #03-08 Nexus@One-North (South Lobby), Singapore, 13854 Singapore
| | - Michelle Jessica Pereira
- grid.466910.c0000 0004 0451 6215Health Services & Outcomes Research, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link, #03-08 Nexus@One-North (South Lobby), Singapore, 13854 Singapore
| | - Chun Wei Yap
- grid.466910.c0000 0004 0451 6215Health Services & Outcomes Research, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link, #03-08 Nexus@One-North (South Lobby), Singapore, 13854 Singapore
| | - Bee Hoon Heng
- grid.466910.c0000 0004 0451 6215Health Services & Outcomes Research, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link, #03-08 Nexus@One-North (South Lobby), Singapore, 13854 Singapore
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Ramezani M, Eghlidi J, Pourghayoomi E, Mohammadi S. Caring-Related Chronic Low Back Pain and Associated Factors among Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy. Rehabil Res Pract 2020; 2020:8854435. [PMID: 33457016 PMCID: PMC7787802 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8854435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Literature indicated some risk factors for low back pain; however, there is insufficient knowledge on the effect of caring-related physical activities and individual characteristics on Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) in mothers of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). OBJECTIVE The main aim of the current study was to determine the association between caring-related physical activities, Body Mass Index (BMI), education level, and CLBP in mothers of children with CP. DESIGN Case-control observational study. Setting. Pediatric rehabilitation clinics. Participants. Mothers of children with CP. Main Outcome Measures. Measures is comprised of a self-administered questionnaire that included the demographic characteristics items, pain visual analog scale, and three items of the job-related physical demands questionnaire. The logistic regression model served to assess the association. RESULTS The control group included 81 healthy mothers, with a mean (SD) age of 39 (8.45) years, and the case group contained 90 mothers who suffered from CLBP, with a mean (SD) age of 37 (8.64) years. Performing lifting movements (OR 13.73, β = 2.62, p < .001), BMI (OR 11.85, β = 2.47, p = .011), repetitive bending (OR 7.67, β = 2.04, p = .010), forward-flexion (OR 6.71, β = 1.91, p = .033), and level of education (OR .21, β = -1.53, p = .020), in descending order of odds ratios, were found to be significant predictors of the CLBP in mothers of children with CP. CONCLUSION Avoiding caring-related harmful physical activities, maintaining body weight within a healthy range, and increasing knowledge for accurate lifting/handling techniques can be helpful to prevent the CLBP in mothers of children with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ramezani
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jandark Eghlidi
- Physiotherapy Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Pourghayoomi
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Oliveira CVDA, Souza DED, Magalhães AG, Silva JPCD, Correia GN. Prevalence and factors associated with chronic back problem in women of childbearing age. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2020; 25:1041-1049. [PMID: 32159672 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232020253.15522018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Back Problem (CBP) is a public health concern. In Brazil, data from the National Health Survey (PNS) estimated 27.0 million people (18.5%) who reported CBP, affecting more women than men. This study aims to identify the factors associated with CBP among women of childbearing age. It is a cross-sectional study carried out with data from the PNS, where the dependent variable was the prevalence of CBP, and associated factors included socio-demographic items, life habits, reproductive history, nutritional status, diagnosis of depression and health perception. A total of 22,621 women aged 18 to 49 years were interviewed. Of these, 14.8% reported having CBP. The risk factors studied were: increased age; living with spouse; multiparity; smoking; overweight or obese, having Waist Circumference (WC) above 80cm and Circumference/Height (C/E) index above 0.5; negative self-perception of health; and depression. The only protective factor associated with CBP risk reduction was education level. We conclude that age, living with a spouse/partner, smoking, multiparity, being overweight or obese, increased risk for cardiovascular diseases, depression and negative self-perceived health are associated with the development of CBP in women of childbearing age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adriana Gomes Magalhães
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. R. Trairi s/n, Centro. 59200-000, Santa Cruz, RN, Brasil.
| | | | - Grasiéla Nascimento Correia
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. R. Trairi s/n, Centro. 59200-000, Santa Cruz, RN, Brasil.
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Diallo SYK, Mweu MM, Mbuya SO, Mwanthi MA. Prevalence and risk factors for low back pain among university teaching staff in Nairobi, Kenya: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2019; 8:808. [PMID: 33042517 PMCID: PMC7531051 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.19384.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To date, there are few studies carried out on low back pain (LBP) among university teaching staff in developing countries despite academics being a high-risk group for LBP. In Kenya, to the best of our knowledge, there are no published studies that have investigated risk factors for LBP among teaching staff. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of LBP among teaching staff of the University of Nairobi (UoN), during the period June 2016 - May 2017, and to identify its socio-demographic and work-related risk factors. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study design was used to estimate the prevalence and investigate the risk factors for LBP among 136 teaching staff of UoN. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on LBP history, work-related and socio-demographic characteristics of the study participants. The 12-month prevalence of LBP and its associated 95% exact binomial confidence interval were estimated. A mixed-effects logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between the predictors and LBP. Results: The estimated 12-month prevalence of LBP was 64% (95% CI: 55.3%-72.0%). From the multivariable analysis, physical inactivity (aOR: 6.0; 95% CI: 1.2-29.6), office chairs without lumbar supports (aOR: 3.3; 95% CI: 0.1-0.9) and high workplace stress (aOR: 4.4; 95% CI: 1.1-17.5) were identified as significant risk factors for LBP among the respondents. Conclusions: This study has revealed a high burden of LBP among teaching staff of the UoN and undoubtedly mimics the situation in other higher learning institutions in Kenya. Physical inactivity, sitting on chairs without lumbar supports and workplace stress have been identified as modifiable risk factors for LBP among teaching staff. This suggests a need to strengthen advocacy for regular physical activity, team-building activities and investment in office infrastructure to mitigate the effects of LBP within learning institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikou Yaya Kollet Diallo
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Marshal Mutinda Mweu
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Simeon Ochanda Mbuya
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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Alzahrani H, Mackey M, Stamatakis E, Zadro JR, Shirley D. The association between physical activity and low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8244. [PMID: 31160632 PMCID: PMC6547713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44664-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review was to investigate the association between total and domain-specific physical activity (PA) and non-specific low back pain (LBP) in adults. Seven databases were searched for cohort and cross-sectional studies. Pooled estimates of the association of medium and high levels PA and LBP, using the generic inverse-variance method with fixed- and random-effects models were calculated. Twenty-four studies (15 cohort and nine cross-sectional; 95,796 participants) were included. The pooled fully adjusted risk ratios (RR) from cohort studies comparing medium with lowest activity levels were 0.90 (95%CI 0.85 to 0.96) for total PA, and 0.90 (95%CI 0.85 to 0.96) for leisure-time PA (LTPA). The pooled RR comparing highest with lowest activity levels were 1.00 (95%CI 0.92 to 1.08) for total PA, and 1.01 (95%CI 0.93 to 1.10) for LTPA. The pooled fully adjusted odds ratios (OR) from cross-sectional studies comparing medium with lowest activity levels were 0.93 (95%CI 0.65 to 1.32) for total PA, and 0.77 (95%CI 0.62 to 0.96) for LTPA. The pooled OR comparing highest with lowest activity levels were 1.05 (95%CI 0.89 to 1.23) for total PA, and 0.85 (95%CI 0.79 to 0.93) for LTPA. PA seems to be associated with lower prevalence of LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosam Alzahrani
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2141, Australia.
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, 21974, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Martin Mackey
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2141, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre, Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Joshua Robert Zadro
- Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia
| | - Debra Shirley
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2141, Australia
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Acupuncture and Neural Mechanism in the Management of Low Back Pain-An Update. MEDICINES 2018; 5:medicines5030063. [PMID: 29941854 PMCID: PMC6164863 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Within the last 10 years, the percentage of low back pain (LBP) prevalence increased by 18%. The management and high cost of LBP put a tremendous burden on the healthcare system. Many risk factors have been identified, such as lifestyle, trauma, degeneration, postural impairment, and occupational related factors; however, as high as 95% of the cases of LBP are non-specific. Currently, LBP is treated pharmacologically. Approximately 25 to 30% of the patients develop serious side effects, such as drowsiness and drug addiction. Spinal surgery often does not result in a massive improvement of pain relief. Therefore, complementary approaches are being integrated into the rehabilitation programs. These include chiropractic therapy, physiotherapy, massage, exercise, herbal medicine and acupuncture. Acupuncture for LBP is one of the most commonly used non-pharmacological pain-relieving techniques. This is due to its low adverse effects and cost-effectiveness. Currently, many randomized controlled trials and clinical research studies have produced promising results. In this article, the causes and incidence of LBP on global health care are reviewed. The importance of treatment by acupuncture is considered. The efforts to reveal the link between acupuncture points and anatomical features and the neurological mechanisms that lead to acupuncture-induced analgesic effect are reviewed.
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Sribastav SS, Long J, He P, He W, Ye F, Li Z, Wang J, Liu H, Wang H, Zheng Z. Risk Factors Associated with Pain Severity in Patients with Non-specific Low Back Pain in Southern China. Asian Spine J 2018; 12:533-543. [PMID: 29879782 PMCID: PMC6002175 DOI: 10.4184/asj.2018.12.3.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A prospective cross-sectional study. PURPOSE To evaluate the risk factors associated with the severity of pain intensity in patients with non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) in Southern China. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of activity limitation and work absence throughout the world, so a firm understanding of the risk factor associated with NSLBP can provide early and prompt interventions that are aimed at attaining long-term results. METHODS Participants were recruited from January 2014 to January 2016 and were surveyed using a self-designed questionnaire. Anonymous assessments included Short Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The association between the severity of NSLBP and these potential risk factors were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 1,046 NSLBP patients were enrolled. The patients with primary school education, high body mass index (BMI), those exposed to sustained durations of driving and sitting, smoking, recurrent LBP had increased VAS and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores with lower SF-36 scores (p <0.01). Workers and drivers compared with waiters and patients who lifted >10 kg objects in a quarter of their work time for >10 years had higher VAS and ODI scores with lower SF-36 scores (p <0.01). Multiple logistic regression showed lower levels of education, LBP for 1-7 days, long-lasting LBP in last year, smoking, long duration driving, and higher BMI were associated with more severe VAS score. CONCLUSIONS The severity of NSLBP is associated with lower levels of education, poor standards of living, heavy physical labor, long duration driving, and sedentary lifestyle. Patients with recurrent NSLBP have more severe pain. Reducing rates of obesity, the duration of heavy physical work, driving or riding, and attenuating the prevalence of sedentary lifestyles and smoking may reduce the prevalence of NSLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilabant Sen Sribastav
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Long
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiheng He
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fubiao Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zemin Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianru Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaomin Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Pain Research Center and Department of Physiology, Zhongshan Medical School of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Romero DE, Santana D, Borges P, Marques A, Castanheira D, Rodrigues JM, Sabbadini L. Prevalence, associated factors, and limitations related to chronic back problems in adults and elderly in Brazil. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2018. [PMID: 29513823 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00012817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of chronic back problems in Brazil and study the association between their prevalence and demographic and socioeconomic factors, lifestyle, and health conditions. The study used micro-data from the Brazilian National Health Survey (PNS), 2013. The epidemiological indicators were: prevalence, time with chronic back problems, life cycle (from young adults to the elderly), limitations in activities of daily living, and mean age at onset of symptoms, according to sex and age bracket. In order to analyze inequality in chronic back problems according to socioeconomic characteristics and risk factors, a multivariate logistic regression model was used, based on life cycle stages, with the presence of chronic back problems as the dependent variable and the following independent variables: sex, schooling, area of residence, race/color, self-rated health, types of chronic diseases, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity. Prevalence of chronic back problems in Brazil was 18.5%, and was higher in women than in men (21.1%; 95%CI: 20.2-21.9). Mean age at onset of chronic back problems was 35 years. There was an association between chronic back problems and lower schooling, poor self-rated health, and presence of the majority of the selected chronic diseases. Area of residence, BMI, age, and race/color were weakly associated or not associated with chronic back problems. Prevalence of chronic back problems stabilized at 50 years of age, but the severity of limitations increased at older ages. As in other countries, high prevalence and the impact on living conditions revealed the need for epidemiological studies on chronic back problems in Brazil. The results suggest that health promotion and the prevention of chronic back problems should be intensified, especially before 50 years of age, considering the on-going population aging in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Santana
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de janeiro, Brasil
| | | | | | - Débora Castanheira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de janeiro, Brasil
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Zadro JR, Shirley D, Amorim A, Pérez-Riquelme F, Ordoñana JR, Ferreira PH. Are people with chronic low back pain meeting the physical activity guidelines? A co-twin control study. Spine J 2017; 17:845-854. [PMID: 28163210 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a large amount of research investigating physical activity (PA) levels in people with chronic low back pain (LBP), no study has investigated whether people with chronic LBP are meeting the World Health Organization (WHO) PA guidelines. Furthermore, with genetics and the early shared environment substantially influencing the presence of LBP and PA engagement, these factors could confound the association between LBP and PA and need to be controlled for. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the association between chronic LBP and meeting the PA guidelines, while controlling for the effects of genetics and early shared environment. DESIGN This is a cross-sectional co-twin control study. PATIENT SAMPLE A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 1,588 twins from the Murcia Twin Registry in Spain with available data on LBP and PA from the 2013 data collection wave. OUTCOME MEASURES The exposure and outcome variables in our study were self-reported. Twins reporting a history of chronic LBP were asked follow-up questions to inform on the presence of recent LBP (within the past 4 weeks), previous LBP (no pain within the past 4 weeks), and persistent LBP (no pain-free month in the last 6 months). These were our exposure variables. Our outcome variable was meeting the WHO PA guidelines, which involved at least 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity PA, or at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity PA per week. METHODS To investigate the association between chronic LBP and meeting the PA guidelines, we first performed a multivariate logistic regression on the total sample of twins. Co-variables entered the model if the univariate association between the co-variable, and both the exposure and the outcome reached a significance of p<.2. Second, to adjust for the influence of genetics and early shared environment, we performed a conditional multivariate logistic regression on complete twin pairs discordant for LBP. The Murcia Twin Registry is supported by Fundación Séneca, Regional Agency for Science and Technology, Murcia, Spain (08633/PHCS/08 and 15302/PHCS/10) and the Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (PSI11560-2009). Funding for this project has also been received from Fundación MAPFRE (2012). The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. RESULTS There was a significant inverse association between recent LBP and meeting the PA guidelines (odds ratio [OR]=0.71, p=.034). When controlling for genetics and early shared environment, this association disappeared. There was no association between previous (OR=0.95, p=.779) or persistent LBP (OR=0.78, p=.192) and meeting the PA guidelines. CONCLUSION Twins with recent LBP are less likely to meet the PA guidelines than those with no history of chronic LBP, highlighting the importance of incorporating PA promotion in the treatment of these individuals. Genetics and early shared environment appear to be confounding the association between LBP and PA, although this needs to be further tested in larger twin samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Robert Zadro
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, 75 East St, Lidcombe, New South Wales, 2141, Australia.
| | - Debra Shirley
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, 75 East St, Lidcombe, New South Wales, 2141, Australia
| | - Anita Amorim
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, 75 East St, Lidcombe, New South Wales, 2141, Australia
| | - Francisco Pérez-Riquelme
- Murcia Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Ronda de Levante, 11, 30008, Murcia, Spain; Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, HCUVA Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, HCUVA Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain; Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Paulo H Ferreira
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, 75 East St, Lidcombe, New South Wales, 2141, Australia
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Zadro JR, Shirley D, Pinheiro MB, Bauman A, Duncan GE, Ferreira PH. Neighborhood walkability moderates the association between low back pain and physical activity: A co-twin control study. Prev Med 2017; 99:257-263. [PMID: 28322877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether neighborhood walkability moderates the association between low back pain (LBP) and physical activity (PA), using a co-twin design to control for genetics and shared environmental factors. A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 10,228 twins from the Washington State Twin Registry with available data on LBP from recruitment surveys between 2009 and 2013. LBP within the past 3months was our exposure variable. Our outcome variables were sufficient moderate or vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA, defined as at least 75min of vigorous-intensity PA, or 150min of moderate-intensity PA per week), and walking (≥150min per week). Neighborhood walkability, estimated using the commercially available Walk Score®, was our moderator variable. After controlling for the influence of genetics and shared environment, individuals reporting LBP were significantly less likely to engage in sufficient MVPA if they lived in a neighborhood with high walkability (OR=0.59, 95%CI: 0.36-0.96). There was no association between LBP and sufficient MVPA for individuals living in a neighborhood with low walkability (OR=1.27, 95%CI: 0.93-1.72), demonstrating that walkability is a significant moderator of the association between LBP and PA (interaction p=0.013). These findings were similar for the association between LBP and walking (high walkability OR=0.42, 95%CI: 0.22-0.78; low walkability OR=0.71, 95%CI: 0.46-1.12), although the interaction was not significant (p=0.700). Neighborhood walkability moderates the association between LBP and PA. Our results highlight the importance of targeting interventions promoting PA towards individuals with LBP living in a neighborhood with good walkable access to amenities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Zadro
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - D Shirley
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - M B Pinheiro
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Bauman
- School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - G E Duncan
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Nutrition & Exercise Physiology Program, Washington State University, Spokane, USA
| | - P H Ferreira
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Wang M, Yu J, Liu N, Liu Z, Wei X, Yan F, Yu S. Low back pain among taxi drivers: a cross-sectional study. Occup Med (Lond) 2017; 67:290-295. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqx041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Montakarn C, Nuttika N. Physical activity levels and prevalence of low back pain in Thai call-center operators. Indian J Occup Environ Med 2017; 20:125-128. [PMID: 28446836 PMCID: PMC5384389 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5278.203136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Call-center operators are exposed to working conditions that indicate an increased risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders. Nevertheless, there are few studies regarding health and working condition in call-center operators. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the physical activity levels and prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in Thai call-center operators. Materials and Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was distributed to 150 operators at a call center to identify the physical activity levels, prevalence of LBP, personal characteristics, and associated work factors. Results: The questionnaire response rate was 70% (n = 105). The participants' age was 27.8 ± 3.1 years, height was 159.97 ± 6.26 cm, weight was 52.89 ± 12.89 kg, and females 86.7% (n = 91), and males 13.3% (n = 14). Participants worked at least 6 days every week, with an average of 8 hours each day. Sixty-one percent of them worked over time with an average 2 h/day. Forty percent of the participants had no exercise; 34.3% exercised 1–2 times/week. Those who did physical exercise spent less than 30 min/time. The overall self-reported prevalence of LBP was 65.7%, and they reported high severity of LBP for 42.9%. All participants reported that their LBP as recurring, and 62.9% reported that LBP was aggravating by sitting during working hours. Conclusion: The call-center operators had a sedentary work style. The majority of operators in this study had low level of physical activity and suffered from low back pain. The prevalence of low back pain was associated to their level of physical activity and work factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaikumarn Montakarn
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nakphet Nuttika
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Rangsit University, Pathumtani, Thailand
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Kherad M, Rosengren BE, Hasserius R, Nilsson JÅ, Redlund-Johnell I, Ohlsson C, Mellström D, Lorentzon M, Ljunggren Ö, Karlsson MK. Risk factors for low back pain and sciatica in elderly men-the MrOS Sweden study. Age Ageing 2017; 46:64-71. [PMID: 28181641 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afw152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to identify whether factors beyond anatomical abnormalities are associated with low back pain (LBP) and LBP with sciatica (SCI) in older men. Material and Methods Mister Osteoporosis Sweden includes 3,014 men aged 69–81 years. They answered questionnaires on lifestyle and whether they had experienced LBP and SCI during the preceding 12 months. About 3,007 men answered the back pain (BP) questions, 258 reported BP without specified region. We identified 1,388 with no BP, 1,361 with any LBP (regardless of SCI), 1,074 of those with LBP also indicated if they had experienced LBP (n = 615), LBP+SCI (n = 459). Results About 49% of those with LBP and 54% of those with LBP+SCI rated their health as poor/very poor (P < 0.001). Men with any LBP to a greater extent than those without BP had poor self-estimated health, depressive symptoms, dizziness, fall tendency, serious comorbidity (diabetes, stroke, coronary heart disease, pulmonary disease and/or cancer) (all P < 0.001), foreign background, were smokers (all P < 0.01), had low physical activity and used walking aids (all P < 0.05). Men with LBP+SCI to a greater extent than those with LBP had lower education, lower self-estimated health, comorbidity, dizziness and used walking aids (all P < 0.001). Conclusions In older men with LBP and SCI, anatomical abnormalities such as vertebral fractures, metastases, central or lateral spinal stenosis or degenerative conditions may only in part explain prevalent symptoms and disability. Social and lifestyle factors must also be evaluated since they are associated not only with unspecific LBP but also with LBP with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrsa Kherad
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Departments of Orthopedics and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital , Malmö, Sweden
| | - Björn E Rosengren
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Departments of Orthopedics and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital , Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ralph Hasserius
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Departments of Orthopedics and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital , Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan-Åke Nilsson
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Departments of Orthopedics and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital , Malmö, Sweden
| | - Inga Redlund-Johnell
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Departments of Orthopedics and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital , Malmö, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Dan Mellström
- Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Mattiaz Lorentzon
- Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Östen Ljunggren
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Magnus K Karlsson
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Departments of Orthopedics and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital , Malmö, Sweden
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Shemory ST, Pfefferle KJ, Gradisar IM. Modifiable Risk Factors in Patients With Low Back Pain. Orthopedics 2016; 39:e413-6. [PMID: 27064774 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20160404-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Low back pain is one of the most common reasons for physician visits in the United States and is a chief complaint frequently seen by orthopedic surgeons. Patients with chronic low back pain can experience recurring debilitating pain and disability, decreasing their quality of life. A commercially available software platform, Explorys (Explorys, Inc, Cleveland, Ohio), was used to mine a pooled electronic health care database consisting of the medical records of more than 26 million patients. According to the available medical history data, 1.2 million patients had a diagnosis of low back pain (4.54%). The information was used to determine the incidence of low back pain in patients with a history of nicotine dependence, obesity (body mass index, >30 kg/m(2)), depressive disorders, and alcohol abuse. Relative risk was then calculated for the defined modifiable risk factors. Patients with nicotine dependence, obesity, depressive disorders, and alcohol abuse had a relative risk of 4.489, 6.007, 5.511, and 3.326 for low back pain, respectively, compared with patients without the defined risk factor. A statistically significant difference was found in the incidence of low back pain between all 4 groups with the risk factors evaluated and the general population (P<.05). By determining treatable patient risk factors for low back pain, physicians can monitor at-risk patients and focus on prevention and control of debilitating disease. These approaches can decrease the number of patients with isolated low back pain who are seen by orthopedic surgeons. [Orthopedics. 2016; 39(3):e413-e416.].
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Ibrahimi-Kaçuri D, Murtezani A, Rrecaj S, Martinaj M, Haxhiu B. Low back pain and obesity. Med Arch 2015; 69:114-6. [PMID: 26005262 PMCID: PMC4429997 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2015.69.114-116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Low back pain poses a significant problem in clinics and public health. It presents one of the main problems with adults, since 70-80% of adults experience it at least once in their lifetime. Causes of the low back pain are numerous and often unknown. Objectives: The aim of the study is to find the most prevalent age group, pain localisation, and the frequency of physical therapy sessions in obese and non-obese subjects with LBP. Materials and Methods: The study has been conducted by the Physical Rehabilitation Service of the Occupational Medicine Institute, during one year period. The total number of patients studied was 101 and all were Kosovo Energy Corporation (KEC) employees. The study was retrospective. Results: Looking at the body weight index, out of 101 patients, 69.3% are classified as non-obese and 30.7% as obese. Using T-Test we have found a difference of high statistical significance between the average number of the physical therapy sessions applied in relation to the examined groups (T-Test=2.78, P=0.0065, so, P<0.01). Conclusion: Obesity and age have no direct influence in back pain, but they could prolong healing. Professional occupation and binding position are factors that affect back pain. Physical workload can cause the manifestation of sciatica; whereas psycho-social factors can prolong the overall healing process.
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Prevalence and correlates of low back pain in primary care: what are the contributing factors in a rapidly developing country. Asian Spine J 2014; 8:227-36. [PMID: 24967035 PMCID: PMC4068841 DOI: 10.4184/asj.2014.8.3.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional. PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in the primary care setting with emphasis on the socio-demographic contributing factors and impact of LBP on lifestyle habits. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE LBP is one of the most common medical conditions seen in the Primary Health Care Clinic. METHODS A representative sample of 2,600 patients were approached and 1,829 subjects agreed to participate in this study (70.0%). Data on socio-demographic characteristics, life style habits and type of treatment were collected through a questionnaire. RESULTS The prevalence of LBP in the study sample was 56.5% (95% confidence interval, 54.2-58.8). LBP was more prevalent among women (53.9%) compared to men (46.1%). There was significant difference between male and female patients of LBP in terms of ethnicity (p<0.001), marital status (p=0.010), occupation (p<0.001), monthly household income (p=0.004), and cigarette/sheesha smokers (p<0.001). The percentages of different aspects of functional disabilities were statistically significantly higher among females compared to male patients with LBP. Almost a quarter of female patients with LBP (26%) and 18% male patients with LBP reported pain in the arms and legs (p=0.002). In addition, gastrointestinal complaints such as abdominal pain and food intolerance were significantly higher among female patients with LBP as compared to males (31% vs. 24.6%, p=0.018; and 25% vs. 18%, p=0.008, respectively). Complaints about headache and fainting were also significantly higher among female patients as compared to male LBP patients (43% vs. 36%, p=0.029; and 26% vs. 20%, p=0.016, respectively). The multivariate logistic regression revealed that being female, prolonged standing, prolonged sitting, heavy weight lifting, weakness in the legs, regular exercise, and cigarette/sheesh a smoking had a significant effect on the presence of LBP. CONCLUSIONS LBP is highly prevalent among both genders and in older age. Also, weakness in the legs, smoking, prolonged standing and sitting had a significant effect on LBP. Furthermore, the current study findings support the fact that LBP continues to be an important clinical, social and economic, burden and a public health problem affecting the population of the entire world.
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Karunanayake AL, Pathmeswaran A, Kasturiratne A, Wijeyaratne LS. Risk factors for chronic low back pain in a sample of suburban Sri Lankan adult males. Int J Rheum Dis 2013; 16:203-10. [DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Bener A, Dafeeah EE, Alnaqbi K, Falah O, Aljuhaisi T, Sadeeq A, Khan S, Schlogl J. An epidemiologic analysis of low back pain in primary care: a hot humid country and global comparison. J Prim Care Community Health 2013; 4:220-7. [PMID: 23799711 DOI: 10.1177/2150131913479385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain is one of the most common conditions for which patients seek medical care. AIM The aim of the study was to study the epidemiology of low back pain in primary care setting with emphasis on frequency, sociodemographic factors, and impact of low back pain on lifestyle habits. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. A representative sample of 2742 patients was approached and 2180 subjects agreed to participate in this study (79.5%). The survey was conducted among primary health care visitors during the period from March to October 2012. The questionnaire collected the sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and type of treatment taken for relief from recruited subjects. RESULTS Of the subjects studied, 52.9% were males and 47.1% were females. The prevalence of low back pain in the study sample was 59.2%. Low back pain was more prevalent among women (67.7%) than among men (51.6%). The proportion of low back pain was highest in the age-group 45 to 55 years in both the genders (37.6% and 36.4%, respectively). Nearly half of the men (45.7%) and women (45.2%) with low back pain were overweight with a significant difference (P < .001). More than half of the women with low back pain were housewives (50.4%), whereas most of the men had clerical jobs (36.8%). There was a significant difference observed between men and women in terms of nationality (P < .001), body mass index (P < .001), and occupation (P < .001). Prolonged standing (41.2% vs 29.5%; P < .001) and use of sponge mattress (50.9% vs 45.8%; P .041) was significantly higher among male patients with low back pain compared with females. Coughing/sneezing/straining (9.7% vs 5.9%; P = .01) were more frequent triggering factors in male patients with low back pain as compared with females. CONCLUSION The study findings revealed that the prevalence of low back pain was higher among women than among men. Low back pain was observed more frequently among older people and among those who were overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulbari Bener
- Department of Medical Statistics & Epidemiology, Hamad Medical Corporation & Department of Public Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.
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Bener A, Verjee M, Dafeeah EE, Falah O, Al-Juhaishi T, Schlogl J, Sedeeq A, Khan S. Psychological factors: anxiety, depression, and somatization symptoms in low back pain patients. J Pain Res 2013; 6:95-101. [PMID: 23403693 PMCID: PMC3569050 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s40740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To determine the prevalence of low back pain (LBP), investigate the sociodemographic characteristics of patients with LBP, and examine its association with psychological distress such as anxiety, depression, and somatization. Subjects and methods Of the 2742 patients approached, 2180 agreed to participate in this cross-sectional study (79.5% response rate). The survey was conducted among primary health care visitors from March to October 2012 and collected sociodemographic details and LBP characteristics. General Health Questionnaire-12 was used to identify the probable cases. Anxiety was assessed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, depression was assessed with Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and somatization was measured with Patient Health Questionnaire-15. Results The study sample consisted of 52.9% males and 47.1% females. The prevalence of LBP was 59.2%, comprising 46.1% men and 53.9% women. LBP was significantly higher in Qataris (57.9%), women (53.9%), housewives (40.1%), and individuals with higher monthly income (53.9%). Somatization (14.9%) was observed more in LBP patients, followed by depression (13.7%) and anxiety disorders (9.5%). The most frequently reported symptoms were “headaches” (41.1%) and “pain in your arms, legs, or joints” (38.5%) in LBP patients with somatization. The most frequent symptoms among depressed LBP patients were “thinking of suicide or wanting to hurt yourself” (51.4%) and “feeling down, depressed, or hopeless” (49.2%). “Not being able to stop or control worrying” (40.2%), “worrying too much about different things” (40.2%), and “feeling afraid as if something awful might happen” (40.2%) were the most common anxiety symptoms in LBP patients. Psychological distress such as anxiety (9.5% versus 6.2%), depression (13.7% versus 8.5%), and somatization (14.9% versus 8.3%) were significantly higher in LBP patients. Conclusion The prevalence of LBP in this study sample was comparable with other studies. Furthermore, psychological distress such as anxiety, depression, and somatization were more prevalent in LBP patients compared to patients without LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulbari Bener
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar ; Department of Public Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar ; Department of Evidence for Population Health Unit, School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Rahimi A, Mousavi B, Soroush M, Masumi M, Montazeri A. Pain and health-related quality of life in war veterans with bilateral lower limb amputations. Trauma Mon 2012; 17:282-6. [PMID: 24350107 PMCID: PMC3860634 DOI: 10.5812/traumamon.5135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Amputation and pain may have considerable impact on health-related quality of life. Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of pain on health-related quality of life in a population of war related bilateral lower limb amputees. Materials and Methods The Veterans and Martyrs Affairs Foundation (VMAF) database documented 578 patients with bilateral lower limb amputation; 335 consented to the study (response rate = 58%). The majority of participants in the sample were males (96.7%). Types of pain were investigated using a questionnaire. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was investigated using the sf-36 questionnaire. Results About two third of amputees reported phantom pain 66.7% (n = 223) and vertebral column pain 60.9% (n = 204). The most common type of pain was lumbosacral pain 52.8 % (n = 177) followed by neck 18.2 % (n = 61) and thoracic pain 9.6% (n = 32). Back pain affected on vitality, social function, mental health and mental component scale in our cases (P < 0.05). Neck pain affected all components of health-related quality of life (P < 0.05). Thoracic pain affected quality of life significantly (P < 0.05). The results obtained from logistic regression analysis indicated that none of the three spinal column pains including neck, thoracic and lumbosacral pain resulted in poor physical or mental component scales. Conclusions This study revealed that bilateral lower limb amputees suffer from different types of pain and poor health-related quality of life. Therefore, the assessment and management of all types of pain are necessary to improve quality of life in veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Rahimi
- Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Batool Mousavi
- Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Batool Mousavi, Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, IR Iran. Tel/Fax: +98-22415367.
| | | | - Mehdi Masumi
- Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Ali Montazeri
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Mental Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Centre, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, Tehran, IR Iran
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Alkherayf F, Wai EK, Tsai EC, Agbi C. Daily smoking and lower back pain in adult Canadians: the Canadian Community Health Survey. J Pain Res 2010; 3:155-60. [PMID: 21197319 PMCID: PMC3004651 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s11031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lower back pain (LBP) is one of the primary causes of disability in the Canadian community. However, only a limited number of studies have addressed the association between daily smoking and LBP in Canada. Of the studies that have explored this association, many had small sample sizes and failed to control for confounders. Objective: The primary objective of the study was to determine if daily smoking is associated with an increased risk of having LBP. The secondary objectives were to assess the risk for LBP among occasional smokers and to determine the prevalence of LBP in relation to different covariates. Data and study design: Using the Canadian Community Health Survey (cycle 3.1) data, 73,507 Canadians between the ages of 20 and 59 years were identified. LBP status, smoking level, sex, age, body mass index (BMI), level of activity and level of education were assessed in these subjects. Methods: Stratified analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to detect effect modifications and to adjust for covariates. Population weight and design were taken into consideration. Results: The prevalence of LBP was 23.3% among daily smokers and 15.7% among non-smokers. Age and sex were found to be effect modifiers. The association between LBP and daily smoking was statistically significant in all ages and genders; this association was stronger for younger age groups. The adjusted odds ratio for male daily smokers aged 20 to 29 was 1.87 (95% CI = 1.62, 2.17); findings were similar for women. Occasional smoking slightly increased the odds of having back pain. Conclusion: Young Canadian daily smokers are at higher risk for LBP. This study also suggests a positive correlation between smoking dose and the risk of LBP. These findings indicate that smoking behavioral modification may have an impact on reducing back pain especially among young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alkherayf
- University of Ottawa, Division of Neurosurgery, Ottawa, Ontario
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Jhun HJ, Park JY. Estimated number of korean adults with back pain and population-based associated factors of back pain : data from the fourth Korea national health and nutrition examination survey. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2009; 46:443-50. [PMID: 20041054 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2009.46.5.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We estimated the number of Korean adults with back pain and evaluated population-based associated factors of back pain from a representative sample data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. METHODS The number of Korean adults who experienced back pain (experienced patients), those who experienced back pain lasting for three or more months during the past year (chronic patients), and those who were currently suffering from back pain (current patients) were estimated by analyzing the data from the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2007 using surveyfreq procedure of the SAS statistical package. Population-based odds ratios for being experienced, chronic, and current patient according to demographic (age and gender), socioeconomic (education and occupation), and lifestyle factors (smoking, drinking, and exercise) were estimated using surveylogistic procedure. RESULTS It was estimated that there were 5,554,256 (proportion, 15.4%; 95% CI, 4,809,466 - 6,299,046) experienced patients, 2,060,829 (5.7%; 1,557,413-2,564,246) chronic patients, and 3,084,188 (8.5%; 2,600,197 - 3,568,179) current patients among 36,107,225 Korean adults aged 20-89 years in 2007. Each of explanatory variables was significantly associated with at least one of the response variables for back pain. CONCLUSION Based on our study results, further efforts to investigate epidemiology of back pain, to evaluate associated factors, and to improve treatment outcomes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Joon Jhun
- Cha Biomedical Center, Kangnam Cha Hospital, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
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Saban KL, Penckofer SM, Androwich I, Bryant FB. Health-related quality of life of patients following selected types of lumbar spinal surgery: a pilot study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2007; 5:71. [PMID: 18163905 PMCID: PMC2246115 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-5-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2007] [Accepted: 12/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 500,000 spinal surgeries are performed annually in the United States. Although pain relief and improved health-related quality of life (HRQOL) are expectations following lumbar spinal surgery, there is limited research regarding this experience from the individual's perspective. In addition, no studies have examined the HRQOL of persons who have had this surgery using a comprehensive approach. The intent of this study was to address this deficiency by an assessment of both the individual and environmental factors that impact perceived HRQOL using the Wilson and Cleary Model for Health-Related Quality of Life in persons who have undergone lumbar spinal surgery. METHODS This was a pilot study of 57 adult patients undergoing elective lumbar spinal surgery for either herniated disk and/or degenerative changes. Individuals completed questionnaires measuring perceived pain, mood, functional status, general health perceptions, social support and HRQOL preoperatively and three months following surgery. Descriptive statistics, dependent t-tests, and MANOVAs were used to describe and compare the differences of the study variables over time. RESULTS Preliminary results indicate overall perceived physical HRQOL was significantly improved postoperatively (t [56] = 6.45, p < .01), however, it was lower than the published norms for patients with low back pain. Both functional disability (t [56] = 10.47, p < .001) and pain (t [56] = 10.99, p < .001) were significantly improved after surgery. Although levels of fatigue and vigor were also significantly improved after surgery, both were less than the published norms. There was no change in the level of social support over time; however, level of support was consistent with that reported by patients with chronic illness. CONCLUSION Although perceived physical HRQOL was significantly improved three months postoperatively, fatigue and lack of vigor were issues for subjects postoperatively. Excessive fatigue and low vigor may have implications for successful rehabilitation and return to work for patients following lumbar spinal surgery. Further research is needed with a larger sample size and subgroup analyses to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Saban
- Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Anandacoomarasamy A, Caterson I, Sambrook P, Fransen M, March L. The impact of obesity on the musculoskeletal system. Int J Obes (Lond) 2007; 32:211-22. [PMID: 17848940 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with a range of disabling musculoskeletal conditions in adults. As the prevalence of obesity increases, the societal burden of these chronic musculoskeletal conditions, in terms of disability, health-related quality of life, and health-care costs, also increases. Research exploring the nature and strength of the associations between obesity and musculoskeletal conditions is accumulating, providing a better understanding of underlying mechanisms. Weight reduction is important in ameliorating some of the manifestations of musculoskeletal disease and improving function.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Anandacoomarasamy
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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