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Hu X, Wu W, Zhi S, Xu W, Zhang Y, Li L, Tao Y, Duan G, Liao C, Wang L, Li L, Li Z, Li W. The first diagnosis of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome caused by tick-borne Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome virus in Chongqing, China: A case report and literature review. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:116350. [PMID: 38761614 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV) which has the potential to become a pandemic and is currently a major public health concern. CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of a 74-year-old female from an urban area of Chongqing, with leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, organ function, inflammatory, blood coagulation, and immune abnormalities. SFTSV infection was confirmed through molecular detection and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis, indicating a diagnosis of SFTS due to the patient's history of tick bites. The patient received symptomatic and supportive therapy, including antibiotics, antiviral treatment, and antifungal therapy, and finally discharged from the hospital on day 18. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the need for increased awareness, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment for tick-borne SFTS. It also provides a comprehensive understanding of the disease's characteristics, pathogenesis, detection methods, and available treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiefei Hu
- Medicine School of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Wenyan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Shenshen Zhi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Yang Tao
- Intensive Care Unit, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Duan
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological Testing Institute, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Chunyan Liao
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological Testing Institute, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological Testing Institute, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Lingyi Li
- Department of Medical, Hangzhou Matridx Biotechnology Co., Ltd., No.2073 Jinchang road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological Testing Institute, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China.
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Yang K, Chen J, Chen Z, Zheng Y. Risk Factors for Death in Patients with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 109:94-100. [PMID: 37253446 PMCID: PMC10324000 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To establish a Cox regression model predicting risk factors for mortality in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), a total of 109 SFTS patients treated at The Second Hospital of Nanjing between June 2016 and October 2020 were included in this study. The patients were categorized into survival (n = 82) and death (n = 27) groups, and the clinical manifestations on admission and laboratory examination were collected. The factors associated with the mortality risk of SFTS patients were explored by univariate and binary logistic regression analyses. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of independent influencing factors and the STFS scoring system. Univariate screening showed that the putative influencing factors were age, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, invasive mechanical ventilation, continuous renal replacement therapy, application of vasoactive medications, absolute count of lymphocytes, count of platelets, and levels of albumin and D-dimer (P < 0.05). Binary logistic regression showed that age (P = 0.042), APACHE II score (P = 0.030), and vasoactive medications (P = 0.035) were independent risk factors in SFTS patients. The combined prediction equation for the mortality risk of SFTS patients was "Combined predictor = age + 3.162 × APACHE II score + 22.306 × vasoactive medications," and the predictive value of combined predictor was greater than that of age (P = 0.004) or APACHE II score (P < 0.001). The combination of age, APACHE II score, and vasoactive medications had the highest ability to predict the risk of death. The STFS scoring system could make the clinical application of independent risk factors feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yishan Zheng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Liu B, Zhu J, He T, Zhang Z. Genetic variants of Dabie bandavirus: classification and biological/clinical implications. Virol J 2023; 20:68. [PMID: 37060090 PMCID: PMC10103499 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02033-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by Dabie bandavirus (DBV), a novel Bandavirus in the family Phenuiviridae. The first case of SFTS was reported in China, followed by cases in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam. With clinical manifestations including fever, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and gastrointestinal symptoms, SFTS has a fatality rate of approximately 10%. In recent years, an increasing number of viral strains have been isolated and sequenced, and several research groups have attempted to classify the different genotypes of DBV. Additionally, accumulating evidence indicates certain correlations between the genetic makeup and biological/clinical manifestations of the virus. Here, we attempted to evaluate the genetic classification of different groups, align the genotypic nomenclature in different studies, summarize the distribution of different genotypes, and review the biological and clinical implications of DBV genetic variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyan Liu
- Institute of Clinical Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road 678, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road 678, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Tengfei He
- Institute of Clinical Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road 678, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road 678, Hefei, 230601, China.
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Epidemiological Characteristics of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome from 2010 to 2019 in Mainland China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063092. [PMID: 33802869 PMCID: PMC8002760 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease and that is a severe threat to public health considering its high fatality and person-to-person transmission. In order to obtain an updated and deep understanding of the epidemiological characteristics of SFTS in mainland China, we used Pearson’s chi-squared test to compare the fatality rate and demographic characteristics in different groups. Data were analyzed in R3.6.1 (R Development Core Team 2018), while the visualization was performed in ArcGIS 10 (ESRI, Redlands, CA, USA), and the statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. A total of 13,824 SFTS cases involving 8899 lab-confirmed cases and 4925 probable cases were reported and included in the epidemiological analysis. Our study found that the number of SFTS cases showed an increasing trend with a small decrease in the past three years. The laboratory-confirmed rate was about 64.4%, which varied between different years and areas. Although most cases (99.3%) were distributed in 7 provinces (Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Hubei, Liaoning, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu), the regional distribution of SFTS gradually expanded from 5 provinces in 2010 to 25 provinces by 2019, especially at the town level. The SFTS cases were mainly sporadic. A total of 96.5% occurred from April to October, and 93.3% of cases were concentrated in middle-aged and elderly people (40–84 years old). Farmers were the main high-risk population. Female cases were slightly more than male cases; however, there were differences between different provinces. The mortality rate showed an increasing trend with age. Overall, the SFTS cases were mainly middle-aged and elderly farmers that sporadically distributed throughout seven provinces with a spatially expanding trend. The laboratory-confirmed rate varied in different years and provinces, which implied that the diagnosis and report criteria for SFTS should be further updated and unified in order to get a better understanding of its epidemiological characteristics and provide scientific data for SFTS control.
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Liu S, Liu H, Zhang K, Li X, Duan Y, Wang Z, Wang T. Proteasome Inhibitor PS-341 Effectively Blocks Infection by the Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus. Virol Sin 2019; 34:572-582. [PMID: 31637631 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-019-00162-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging hemorrhagic fever disease caused by SFTSV, a newly discovered phlebovirus that is named after the disease. Currently, no effective vaccines or drugs are available for use against SFTSV infection, as our understanding of the viral pathogenesis is limited. Bortezomib (PS-341), a dipeptide-boronic acid analog, is the first clinically approved proteasome inhibitor for use in humans. In this study, the antiviral efficacy of PS-341 against SFTSV infection was tested in human embryonic kidney HEK293T (293T) cells. We employed four different assays to analyze the antiviral ability of PS-341 and determined that PS-341 inhibited the proliferation of SFTSV in 293T cells under various treatment conditions. Although PS-341 did not affect the virus absorption, PS-341 treatment within a non-toxic concentration range resulted in a significant reduction of progeny viral titers in infected cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assays and Western blot analysis revealed that PS-341 could reverse the SFTSV-encoded non-structural protein (NS) mediated degradation of retinoic acid-inducible gene-1 (RIG-I), thereby antagonizing the inhibitory effect of NSs on interferons and blocking virus replication. In addition, we observed that inhibition of apoptosis promotes virus replication. These results indicate that targeting of cellular interferon pathways and apoptosis during acute infection might serve as the bases of future therapeutics for the treatment of SFTSV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihua Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300073, China
| | - Hongyun Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300073, China
| | - Keke Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300073, China
| | - Xueping Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300073, China
| | - Yuqin Duan
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300073, China
| | - Zhiyun Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300073, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300073, China.
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Huang X, Ding S, Jiang X, Pang B, Zhang Q, Li C, Li A, Li J, Liang M, Wang S, Li D. Detection of SFTS virus RNA and antibodies in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome surveillance cases in endemic areas of China. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:476. [PMID: 31138131 PMCID: PMC6540372 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a newly identified severe infectious disease caused by SFTS phlebovirus (SFTSV). SFTS monitoring has been carried out since 2010 in mainland China. We analysed the detection results of SFTSV RNA and antibody in SFTS surveillance cases to provide basic data for SFTS diagnosis. METHODS This study was conducted in Shandong Province. Sera of SFTS surveillance cases were collected to detect SFTSV RNA and antibody by real-time RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Detection rates were calculated. SPSS 18.0 (Chicago, IL, USA) was used for statistical analysis to compare the detection rates of SFTSV RNA and antibodies among different sera groups. RESULTS A total of 374 SFTS surveillance cases were enrolled. Overall, 93.3% (349/374) of the sera samples were collected within 2 weeks after onset, and 6.7% (25/374) were collected between 15 days and 45 days. Of these, 183 (48.9%) were positive for SFTSV RNA. The SFTSV RNA-positive rate peaked (52.2%) in samples collected ≤7 days after onset and then showed a decreasing trend. The detection rate of SFTSV-specific IgM antibody was 30.5% (46/151) and was highest in samples collected between 8 and 14 days (43.3%, 26/60). The positive rate of SFTSV-specific IgG antibody (17.9%, 27/151) showed an increasing trend with the specimen collection time. In total, 74.8% (113/151) of sera samples had the same SFTSV RNA and IgM antibody detection results. However, 23.2% (29/125) of SFTSV RNA-negative cases were IgM antibody-positive, and 8.6% (9/105) of IgM antibody-negative cases were SFTSV RNA-positive. CONCLUSIONS SFTSV RNA detection was preferred for SFTSV infection during disease surveillance. For highly suspected SFTS cases, IgM antibody is suggested to make a comprehensive judgement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Viruses and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Shujun Ding
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolin Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Quanfu Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Viruses and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Viruses and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Aqian Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Viruses and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Jiandong Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Viruses and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Mifang Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Viruses and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Viruses and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Dexin Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Viruses and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
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7
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Sato T, Nishida H, Goto M, Sho Y, Yamate T, Daa T, Yokoyama S, Kurosawa K, Matsunari O, Sakamoto T, Matsumoto H, Suzuki T, Hasegawa H, Takeo N, Hatano Y. Cutaneous histopathology of the tick-bite region in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. J Dermatol 2019; 46:409-412. [PMID: 30932227 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.14862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in which a skin biopsy from the tick-bite region was analyzed is reported. The patient was a 72-year-old woman who developed fever and thrombocytopenia after a tick bite. SFTS was diagnosed from polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of a blood sample. Histopathological analysis of a skin biopsy specimen from the tick-bite region showed CD20-positive perivascular and interstitial immunoblastic cells, which were positive to anti-SFTS virus (SFTSV) nucleoprotein antibody. In addition, SFTSV RNA was detected by real-time PCR from this biopsy specimen. Moreover, hemophagocytosis was also found in the tick-bite region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to analyze the details of the tick-bite region of skin in SFTS, and the first to detect virus-infected cells in the skin. The present findings may help elucidate the mechanisms of entry of SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaoki Sato
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Haruto Nishida
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Mizuki Goto
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Yuriko Sho
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamate
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Daa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Shigeo Yokoyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Keiko Kurosawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Osamu Matsunari
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Teruo Sakamoto
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Hasegawa
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Takeo
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hatano
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
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Kusakisako K, Ido A, Masatani T, Morokuma H, Hernandez EP, Talactac MR, Yoshii K, Tanaka T. Transcriptional activities of two newly identified Haemaphysalis longicornis tick-derived promoter regions in the Ixodes scapularis tick cell line (ISE6). INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 27:590-602. [PMID: 29663614 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ticks are obligate haematophagous ectoparasites considered to be second to mosquitoes as vectors of human diseases and the most important vector for animals. Despite efforts to control tick infestations, they remain a serious health problem. Gene manipulation has been established in mosquitoes and led to the control of mosquito populations and of mosquito-borne pathogens. Therefore, gene manipulation could be useful for controlling ticks and tick-borne pathogens. To investigate effective gene expression vectors for ticks, the promoter activities of commercial plasmids were evaluated in a tick cell line (ISE6). Dual luciferase assays revealed that pmirGLO, the human phosphoglycerate kinase promoter contained plasmid vector, showed the highest activity in ISE6 cells amongst the tested plasmids. Moreover, we identified the promoter regions of the Haemaphysalis longicornis actin (HlAct) and the intracellular ferritin (HlFer1) genes. To construct a more effective expression vector for ticks, these promoter regions were inserted into pmirGLO (pmirGLO-HlAct pro and pmirGLO-HlFer1 pro). The pmirGLO-HlAct pro vector showed significantly higher promoter activity than pmirGLO, whereas the pmirGLO-HlFer1 pro vector demonstrated significantly lower promoter activity than pmirGLO in ISE6 cells. The HlAct promoter region may have high promoter activity in ISE6 cells. The results of the present study provide useful information for the development of a genetic modification system in ticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kusakisako
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - A Ido
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - T Masatani
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - H Morokuma
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - E P Hernandez
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - M R Talactac
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Cavite, Philippines
| | - K Yoshii
- Laboratory of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Tanaka
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan
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9
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Kitagawa Y, Sakai M, Shimojima M, Saijo M, Itoh M, Gotoh B. Nonstructural protein of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome phlebovirus targets STAT2 and not STAT1 to inhibit type I interferon-stimulated JAK-STAT signaling. Microbes Infect 2018; 20:360-368. [PMID: 29886262 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The nonstructural protein NSs of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome phlebovirus blocks type I interferon (IFN)-stimulated JAK-STAT signaling. However, there is continuing controversy as to whether NSs targets STAT1 or STAT2 or both for this blockade. The present study was designed to gain a further understanding of the blockade mechanism. Immunoprecipitation experiments revealed a stronger interaction of NSs with STAT2 than with any other component constituting the JAK-STAT pathway. Expression of NSs resulted in the formation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IBs), and affected cytoplasmic distribution of STAT2. STAT2 was relocated to NSs-induced IBs. Consequently, NSs inhibited IFN-α-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT2. These inhibitory effects as well as the signaling blockade activity were not observed in NSs mutant proteins lacking the STAT2-binding ability. In contrast, NSs affected neither subcellular distribution nor phosphorylation of STAT1 in response to IFN-α and IFN-γ, demonstrating that NSs has little physical and functional interactions with STAT1. Taken together, these results suggest that NSs sequesters STAT2 into NSs-induced IBs, thereby blocking type I IFN JAK-STAT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Kitagawa
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Madoka Sakai
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Bio-Science, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimojima
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saijo
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Masae Itoh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Bio-Science, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Bin Gotoh
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan.
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10
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Robles NJC, Han HJ, Park SJ, Choi YK. Epidemiology of severe fever and thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection and the need for therapeutics for the prevention. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2018; 7:43-50. [PMID: 29399579 PMCID: PMC5795044 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2018.7.1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past ten years there has been a marked increase in cases of severe fever and thrombocytopenia syndrome in East Asia. This tick-borne hemorrhagic fever presents along with clinical signs including high fever and leukopenia. In addition to humans, the virus has also been detected with shared genetic homology in farm animals including goats, cattle, horses, and pigs. Furthermore, several genotypes of severe fever and thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) are currently co-circulating between humans and animals. In China, where the virus was first detected in rural areas in 2009, the SFTSV mortality rate has been reported to be as 6% and higher than 30%, especially in immuno-compromised patients. Moreover, this virus has been isolated in neighbor countries including Japan and South Korea where the fatality rates in 2015 were more than 30% in both countries. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the virology, genotypes, pathogenesis, and epidemiology of SFTSV infection in humans and animals. Currently, a collaborative global approach against SFTSV infection is being undertaken; however, the need for continuous disease surveillance and production of an effective vaccine is imperative as this virus may lead to an epidemic of irreversible status in both humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert John C Robles
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.,Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.,College of Veterinary Medicine and Agricultural Sciences, De La Salle Araneta University, Malabon City, Philippines
| | - Hae Jung Han
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.,Research & Development Center, Green Cross WellBeing Corporation, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Su-Jin Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.,Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young Ki Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.,Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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11
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Zhan J, Wang Q, Cheng J, Hu B, Li J, Zhan F, Song Y, Guo D. Current status of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China. Virol Sin 2017; 32:51-62. [PMID: 28251515 PMCID: PMC6598917 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-016-3931-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTSV is associated with a high mortality rate and has been reported in China, South Korea and Japan. SFTSV undergoes rapid changes owing to evolution, gene mutations, and reassortment between different strains of SFTSV. In this review, we summarize the recent cases and general properties of SFTS, focusing on the epidemiology, genetic diversity, clinical features, and diagnostics of SFTSV in China. From 2010 to October 2016, SFTS cases were reported in 23 provinces of China, with increased numbers yearly. Infection and death cases are mainly found in central China, where the Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks are spread. The national average mortality rate of SFTS infection was 5.3%, with higher risk to elder people. The main epidemic period was from May to July, with a peak in May. Thus, SFTS reminds a significant public health problem, and development of prophylactic vaccines and effective antiviral drugs will be highly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zhan
- Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jing Li
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Faxian Zhan
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Yi Song
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Deyin Guo
- Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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12
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Zhang H, Sun Y, Jiang H, Huo X. Prevalence of Severe Febrile and Thrombocytopenic Syndrome Virus, Anaplasma spp. and Babesia microti in Hard Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) from Jiaodong Peninsula, Shandong Province. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2017; 17:134-140. [PMID: 28048951 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2016.1978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of tick-borne pathogens and their possible coinfections were evaluated among host-seeking ticks in seven cities from Jiaodong peninsula, Shandong Province, with specific PCR or reverse transcription-PCR tests. Among 2107 ticks collected, four species of three genera were identified with Haemaphysalis longicornis as predominant species, and total of 63 H. longicornis and 10 Rhicephalus microplus were confirmed infected with tick-borne pathogens. These pathogens were consequently identified as severe febrile and thrombocytopenic syndrome virus (SFTSV), Anaplasma capra, Anaplasma phygocytophilum, and Babesia microti, respectively, with high phylogenetic scores on some fragments of species-specific genes. The infection rates of the pathogens in H. longicornis were presented as 1.03%, 0.84%, 0.58%, and 1.66%, respectively, close related to its field density and clump distribution pattern. Furthermore, coinfection of A. capra and SFTSV was also discovered from two female H. longicornis in Pingdu city. These results indicated that the potential human pathogens other than severe febrile and thrombocytopenic syndrome might be transmitted by hard ticks separately or in combination, and more reliable differential diagnosis, proper administrations, rational prevention, and control measures should be developed with the support of precision laboratory tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqiang Zhang
- 1 Center of Disease Prevention and Control of Qingdao , Qingdao, China .,2 State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing, China
| | - Yi Sun
- 2 State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing, China
| | - Hongrong Jiang
- 1 Center of Disease Prevention and Control of Qingdao , Qingdao, China
| | - Xinbei Huo
- 1 Center of Disease Prevention and Control of Qingdao , Qingdao, China
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13
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Zeng P, Yang Z, Bakkour S, Wang B, Qing S, Wang J, Chen L, Busch M, Shan H, Liu J, Lee TH. Development and validation of a real-time reverse transcriptase PCR assay for sensitive detection of SFTSV. J Med Virol 2016; 89:1131-1138. [PMID: 28036115 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (sftsv) is an emerging tick-borne rna virus recently identified as the pathogen that causes severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) in china. the existing commercial nucleic acid testing (comnat) assay with a relatively high claimed limit of quantitative detection (loqd) is not capable of sensitive detection and quantitation of sftsv. Thus, a new real-time reverse transcriptase (rt)-pcr assay with improved sensitivity is needed for clinical diagnosis; it could also be used to screen blood donors if necessary. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed a new sftsv rt-pcr nat assay (newnat). About 129 plasma samples from 93 suspected sfts patients with typical clinical symptoms were tested using an anti-sftsv total antibody elisa and both comnat and newnat. The test performance of the two nat assays was evaluated and compared. RESULTS The newnat had a lower limit for quantitative testing compared to comnat. Twelve samples were comnat negative but newnat positive. Out of 35 suspected sfts patients who were comnat negative and anti-sftsv total antibody negative, four tested positive by the newnat assay and one of these four seroconverted within 2-4 days after testing newnat positive. A high correlation was observed between the cts of the newnat and comnat assays. CONCLUSION The newnat assay was sensitive for quantitative detection of sftsv and may be applicable to clinical diagnosis and studies of the need for blood donor screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peibin Zeng
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Sonia Bakkour
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Shuli Qing
- Xinyang 154 Military Hospital, Xinyang, China
| | - Jingxing Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Xinyang 154 Military Hospital, Xinyang, China
| | - Michael Busch
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Hua Shan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tzong-Hae Lee
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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14
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Chung HC, Nguyen VG, Goede D, Park CH, Kim AR, Moon HJ, Park SJ, Kim HK, Park BK. Gouleako and Herbert viruses in pigs, Republic of Korea, 2013. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 20:2072-5. [PMID: 25424985 PMCID: PMC4257827 DOI: 10.3201/eid2012.131742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Several viruses in the family Bunyaviridae are pathogenic to animals and cause vector-borne zoonoses. In 2013, investigation of cause of death of 9 pigs on 1 farm in the Republic of Korea found infection with Gouleako and Herbert viruses. Subsequent investigation revealed high prevalence of these viruses among pigs throughout the country.
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15
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Zhang YZ, Xu J. The emergence and cross species transmission of newly discovered tick-borne Bunyavirus in China. Curr Opin Virol 2016; 16:126-131. [PMID: 26949898 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel tick-borne Bunyavirus, discovered in China and later in South Korea and Japan, is now known as Huaiyangshan virus or severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus and has been identified as the causative agent of a hemorrhagic fever-like disease. Of five species of ticks carrying Huaiyangshan viruses, Haemaphysalis longicornis was the most abundant in regions where the virus was endemic. Its usual hosts (cattle, goats, dogs, rats and chickens) tested positive for Huaiyangshan virus RNA and had a high seroprevalence. The distribution of H. longicornis and the migratory routes of four wild fowl across China, South Korea and Japan are coincident. Thus a tick and migratory bird model for the transmission of the Huaiyangshan virus was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing 102206, China.
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16
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Extracellular Vesicles Mediate Receptor-Independent Transmission of Novel Tick-Borne Bunyavirus. J Virol 2015; 90:873-86. [PMID: 26512089 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02490-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus is a newly recognized member of the genus Phlebovirus in the family Bunyaviridae. The virus was isolated from patients presenting with hemorrhagic manifestations and an initial case fatality rate of 12 to 30% was reported. Due to the recent emergence of this pathogen, there is limited knowledge on the molecular virology of SFTS virus. Recently, we reported that the SFTS virus NSs protein inhibited the activation of the beta interferon (IFN-β) promoter. Furthermore, we also found that SFTS virus NSs relocalizes key components of the IFN response into NSs-induced cytoplasmic structures. Due to the important role these structures play during SFTS virus replication, we conducted live cell imaging studies to gain further insight into the role and trafficking of these cytoplasmic structures during virus infection. We found that some of the SFTS virus NSs-positive cytoplasmic structures were secreted to the extracellular space and endocytosed by neighboring cells. We also found that these secreted structures isolated from NSs-expressing cells and SFTS virus-infected cells were positive for the viral protein NSs and the host protein CD63, a protein associated with extracellular vesicles. Electron microscopy studies also revealed that the isolated CD63-immunoprecipitated extracellular vesicles produced during SFTS virus infection contained virions. The virions harbored within these structures were efficiently delivered to uninfected cells and were able to sustain SFTS virus replication. Altogether, these results suggest that SFTS virus exploits extracellular vesicles to mediate virus receptor-independent transmission to host cells and open the avenue for novel therapeutic strategies against SFTS virus and related pathogens. IMPORTANCE SFTS virus is novel bunyavirus associated with hemorrhagic fever illness. Currently, limited information is available about SFTS virus. In the present study, we demonstrated that extracellular vesicles produced by SFTS virus-infected cells harbor infectious virions. We sought to determine whether these "infectious" extracellular vesicles can mediate transmission of the virus and confirmed that the SFTS virions were efficiently transported by these secreted structures into uninfected cells and were able to sustain efficient replication of SFTS virus. These results have significant impact on our understanding of how the novel tick-borne phleboviruses hijack cellular machineries to establish infection and point toward a novel mechanism for virus replication among arthropod-borne viruses.
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17
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Yu F, Du Y, Huang X, Ma H, Xu B, Adungo F, Hayasaka D, Buerano CC, Morita K. Application of recombinant severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus nucleocapsid protein for the detection of SFTSV-specific human IgG and IgM antibodies by indirect ELISA. Virol J 2015; 12:117. [PMID: 26239826 PMCID: PMC4524020 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0350-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging disease that was first reported in China in 2011. It is caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV) which is a member of the Phlebovirus genus in the Bunyaviridae family. SFTSV has been classified as a BSL3 pathogen. There is a need to develop safe and affordable serodiagnostic methods for proper clinical management of infected patients. Methods The full length nucleocapsid (N) gene of SFTSV Yamaguchi strain was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned to an expression vector pQE30. The recombinant (r) SFTSV-N protein was expressed by using Escherichia coli (E. coli) expression system and purified under native conditions. rSFTSV-N protein based indirect IgG and IgM enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) systems were established to detect specific human IgG and IgM antibodies, respectively. One hundred fifteen serum samples from clinically suspected-SFTS patients were used to evaluate the newly established systems and the results were compared with the total antibody detecting sandwich ELISA system. Results The native form of recombinant (r) SFTSV-N protein was expressed and purified. Application of the rSFTSV-N protein based indirect IgG ELISA to the 115 serum samples showed results that perfectly matched those of the total antibody sandwich ELISA with a sensitivity and specificity of 100 %. The rSFTSV-N protein based indirect IgM ELISA missed 8 positive samples that were detected by the total antibody sandwich ELISA. The sensitivity and specificity of rSFTSV-N-IgM capture ELISA were 90.59 and 100 %, respectively. Conclusions The rSFTSV-N protein is highly immunoreactive and a good target for use as an assay antigen in laboratory diagnosis. Its preparation is simpler in comparison with that used for the total antibody sandwich system. Our rSFTSV-N protein-based IgG and IgM ELISA systems have the advantage of distinguishing two types of antibodies and require small volume of serum sample only. They are safe to use for diagnosis of SFTS virus infection and especially fit in large-scale epidemiological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxun Yu
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12- 4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Yanhua Du
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Xueyong Huang
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Hong Ma
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Bianli Xu
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Ferdinard Adungo
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12- 4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Hayasaka
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12- 4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Corazon C Buerano
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12- 4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Kouichi Morita
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12- 4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
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18
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Park JG. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome presenting as acute hepatic failure. Clin Exp Emerg Med 2015; 2:137-140. [PMID: 27752587 PMCID: PMC5052864 DOI: 10.15441/ceem.15.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is characterized by fever, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and altered consciousness, which may also involve multi-organ failure. Initially SFTS mortality was as high as 30%, when diagnosis remained unclear. We present a case of a 53-year- old man with SFTS presenting with acute hepatic failure. On admission, he presented with confusion, elevated serum liver enzyme and ammonia levels, whose serum markers were negative for acute viral hepatitis. He was diagnosed with SFTS based on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction identification of the SFTS virus M segment. Percutaneous liver biopsy was performed to identify the degree and extent of necroinflammation and patient prognosis. After recovery, he was followed-up for 12 months with no SFTS-related sequelae. A discordance in severity between biopsy findings and clinical course could explain the rapid clinical improvement. Atypical presentations with multi-organ failure can delay timely diagnosis and management of infected patients.
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19
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Yoshikawa T, Shimojima M, Fukushi S, Tani H, Fukuma A, Taniguchi S, Singh H, Suda Y, Shirabe K, Toda S, Shimazu Y, Nomachi T, Gokuden M, Morimitsu T, Ando K, Yoshikawa A, Kan M, Uramoto M, Osako H, Kida K, Takimoto H, Kitamoto H, Terasoma F, Honda A, Maeda K, Takahashi T, Yamagishi T, Oishi K, Morikawa S, Saijo M. Phylogenetic and Geographic Relationships of Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in China, South Korea, and Japan. J Infect Dis 2015; 212:889-98. [PMID: 25762790 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne acute infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTS has been reported in China, South Korea, and Japan as a novel Bunyavirus. Although several molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic studies have been performed, the information obtained was limited, because the analyses included no or only a small number of SFTSV strains from Japan. METHODS The nucleotide sequences of 75 SFTSV samples in Japan were newly determined directly from the patients' serum samples. In addition, the sequences of 7 strains isolated in vitro were determined and compared with those in the patients' serum samples. More than 90 strains that were identified in China, 1 strain in South Korea, and 50 strains in Japan were phylogenetically analyzed. RESULTS The viruses were clustered into 2 clades, which were consistent with the geographic distribution. Three strains identified in Japan were clustered in the Chinese clade, and 4 strains identified in China and 26 in South Korea were clustered in the Japanese clade. CONCLUSIONS Two clades of SFTSV may have evolved separately over time. On rare occasions, the viruses were transmitted overseas to the region in which viruses of the other clade were prevalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Yoshikawa
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Masayuki Shimojima
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Shuetsu Fukushi
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Hideki Tani
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Aiko Fukuma
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Satoshi Taniguchi
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Harpal Singh
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Yuto Suda
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Komei Shirabe
- Yamaguchi Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environment
| | - Shoichi Toda
- Yamaguchi Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environment
| | - Yukie Shimazu
- Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute, Public Health and Environment Center
| | - Taro Nomachi
- Miyazaki Prefectural Institute for Public Health and Environment
| | - Mutsuyo Gokuden
- Kagoshima Prefectural Institute for Environmental Research and Public Health
| | | | - Katsuyuki Ando
- Saga Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Pharmaceutical Research
| | - Akira Yoshikawa
- Nagasaki Prefectural Institute for Environmental Research and Public Health, Omura-shi
| | - Miki Kan
- Ehime Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science, Matsuyama-shi
| | - Marina Uramoto
- Tokushima Prefectural Public Health, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences Centre
| | - Hideo Osako
- Kumamoto Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science, Uto-shi
| | - Kouji Kida
- Okayama Prefectural Institute for Public Health and Environmental Science
| | - Hirokazu Takimoto
- Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science, Matsue-shi
| | - Hiroaki Kitamoto
- Public Health Science Research Center, Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Consumer Sciences, Hyogo-ku Kobe-shi
| | - Fumio Terasoma
- Wakayama Prefectural Research Center of Environment and Public Health
| | - Akiko Honda
- Oita Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment
| | - Ken Maeda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University
| | - Toru Takahashi
- Department of Hematology, Yamaguchi Grand Medical Center, Hofu-shi
| | - Takuya Yamagishi
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Kazunori Oishi
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Shigeru Morikawa
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saijo
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
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20
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Discrimination of novel bunyavirus infection using routine laboratory test. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 21:204.e1-7. [PMID: 25658566 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The wide epidemic and high case fatality rate have made severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) a significant public health problem. The diagnosis and discrimination of SFTS virus (SFTSV) infection at an early stage of the disease is important for treatment choice. A prospective study was performed in an SFTS reference hospital during 2011-2013. Suspected SFTS patients were recruited and prospectively observed. Comparison between SFTSV-positive and -negative patients was made to identify the parameters that were related to positive detection by discriminant and classification tree analysis. A total of 538 SFTSV-positive and 396 negative patients were recruited and observed. Multiple logistic regression models demonstrated the significant parameters associated with positive detection, including decreased platelet counts and elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level during the first stage (1∼4 days), decreased white blood cell and platelet counts, elevated creatine kinase (CK) and AST levels during the second stage (5∼7 days), and older age, decreased consciousness and elevated CK and AST during the third stage (8-11 days). The classification trees disclosed that the significant predictors for positive SFTSV detection were AST >50.6 U/L and AST/alanine transaminase (ALT) >1.3 at the first stage, CK >257 U/L or 57.7 U/L < CK ≤98.5 U/L with AST/ALT >1.6 at the second stage, as well as CK >630.7 U/L or 114.3 U/L < CK ≤630.7 U/L with decreased consciousness at the third stage. In making the clinically probable diagnosis of SFTS, the supplementation of AST and CK evaluations might remarkably improve the diagnostic capacity of routine laboratory tests, while the leukopenia is of limited use.
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21
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Galay RL, Miyata T, Umemiya-Shirafuji R, Maeda H, Kusakisako K, Tsuji N, Mochizuki M, Fujisaki K, Tanaka T. Evaluation and comparison of the potential of two ferritins as anti-tick vaccines against Haemaphysalis longicornis. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:482. [PMID: 25306467 PMCID: PMC4197249 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-014-0482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tick control is an essential aspect of controlling the spread of tick-borne diseases affecting humans and animals, but it presently faces several challenges. Development of an anti-tick vaccine is aimed at designing cost-effective and environmentally friendly protection against ticks and tick-borne diseases as an alternative to the use of chemical acaricides. A single vaccine from the tick midgut protein Bm86 is currently available for field applications, but its efficacy is limited to only some tick species. Identification of candidate vaccine antigens that can affect multiple tick species is highly desirable. The hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis has two kinds of the iron-binding protein ferritin (HlFER), an intracellular HlFER1 and a secretory HlFER2, and RNA interference experiments showed that these are physiologically important in blood feeding and reproduction and in protection against oxidative stress. Here we investigated the potential of targeting HlFERs for tick control by immunizing the host with recombinant HlFERs (rHlFER1 and rHlFER2). METHODS Rabbits were immunized with rHlFERs three times subcutaneously at two-week intervals. Antisera were collected before the first immunization and a week after each immunization to confirm the antigen-specific serum antibody titer by serum ELISA. Two weeks after the final immunization, the rabbits were challenged with tick infestation. After dropping, tick feeding and reproduction parameters were evaluated to determine vaccine efficacy. To demonstrate the effects of antibodies, oxidative stress was detected in the eggs and larvae. RESULTS The antibody titer of rHlFER-immunized rabbits greatly increased after the second immunization. Antibodies exhibited cross-reactivity with rHlFERs and reacted with tick native HlFERs in Western blot analysis. Significantly lower bodyweight was observed in the ticks infested from the rHlFER2-immunized rabbit compared to those from the control rabbit. Reduced oviposition and hatching rate were observed in both rHlFER-immunized groups. rHlFER2 showed a higher vaccine efficacy. The antibodies against rHlFERs were detected in the eggs, and higher levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in the eggs and larvae, of ticks from rHlFER vaccinated rabbits. CONCLUSION Collectively, these results showed that HlFER2 has a good potential as an anti-tick vaccine antigen that may affect multiple tick species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remil Linggatong Galay
- Department of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan. .,Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Miyata
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Molecular Functions of Food, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
| | - Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Maeda
- Department of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan. .,Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
| | - Kodai Kusakisako
- Department of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan. .,Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
| | - Naotoshi Tsuji
- Department of Parasitology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Masami Mochizuki
- Department of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan. .,Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
| | - Kozo Fujisaki
- National Agricultural and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Tanaka
- Department of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan. .,Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
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Wang LY, Cui N, Lu QB, Wo Y, Wang HY, Liu W, Cao WC. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in children: a case report. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14:366. [PMID: 24993119 PMCID: PMC4094669 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus (SFTSV) in China. Humans of all ages living in endemic areas have high risk of acquiring SFTS. Most clinical data so far have been from adults and no clinical study was available from children yet. The present study identified four SFTSV infected children through hospital based surveillance. A prospective observational study was performed to obtain their clinical and laboratory characteristics. Case presentation The patients’ age ranged from 4–15 years old and two were male. On hospitalization, fever, malaise and gastrointestinal syndromes were the most commonly presenting symptoms. Hemorrhagic symptoms or neurological manifestation was not recorded in any of the four pediatric patients. Hematological abnormalities at admission into hospital included leucopenia (4 cases), thrombocytopenia (1 case) and bicytopenia (1 case). The abnormal parameters included elevated aminotransferase (1 case), alanine transaminase (2 case), and lactate dehydrogenase (3 case). Laboratory parameters indicative of renal damage was not observed during the hospitalization. All the patients recovered well without sequelae being observed. Conclusion Compared with adults, pediatric patients with SFTSV infection seem to have less vague subjective complaints and less aggressive clinical course. Thrombocytopenia is suggested to be used less rigorously in recognizing SFTSV infection in pediatric patients, especially at early phase of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, P, R, China.
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Kim BJ, Kim H, Won S, Kim HC, Chong ST, Klein TA, Kim KG, Seo HY, Chae JS. Ticks collected from wild and domestic animals and natural habitats in the Republic of Korea. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2014; 52:281-5. [PMID: 25031468 PMCID: PMC4096639 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2014.52.3.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ticks were collected from 35 animals from 5 provinces and 3 metropolitan cities during 2012. Ticks also were collected by tick drag from 4 sites in Gyeonggi-do (2) and Jeollabuk-do (2) Provinces. A total of 612 ticks belonging to 6 species and 3 genera were collected from mammals and a bird (n=573) and by tick drag (n=39). Haemaphyalis longicornis (n=434) was the most commonly collected tick, followed by H. flava (158), Ixodes nipponensis (11), Amblyomma testudinarium (7), H. japonica (1), and H. formosensis (1). H. longicornis and H. flava were collected from all animal hosts examined. For animal hosts (n>1), the highest Tick Index (TI) was observed for domestic dogs (29.6), followed by Siberian roe deer (17.4), water deer (14.4), and raccoon dogs (1.3). A total of 402 H. longicornis (adults 86, 21.4%; nymphs 160, 39.8%; larvae 156, 38.9%) were collected from wild and domestic animals. A total of 158 H. flava (n=158) were collected from wild and domestic animals and 1 ring-necked pheasant, with a higher proportion of adults (103, 65.2%), while nymphs and larvae only accounted for 12.7% (20) and 22.2% (35), respectively. Only 7 A. testudinarium were collected from the wild boar (6 adults) and Eurasian badger (1 nymph), while only 5 I. nipponensis were collected from the water deer (4 adults) and a raccoon dog (1 adult). One adult female H. formosensis was first collected from vegetation by tick drag from Mara Island, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baek-Jun Kim
- Department of Climate and Ecology, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, 325-813, Korea
| | - Hyewon Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Sohyun Won
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Heung-Chul Kim
- th Medical Detachment, th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP 96205-5247, USA
| | - Sung-Tae Chong
- th Medical Detachment, th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP 96205-5247, USA
| | - Terry A Klein
- Public Health Command Region-Pacific, Camp Zama, Japan; th Medical Brigade Unit 15281, APO AP 96205-5281, USA
| | - Ki-Gyoung Kim
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 404-708, Korea
| | - Hong-Yul Seo
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 404-708, Korea
| | - Joon-Seok Chae
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Huang X, Du Y, Hu X, Ma H, Wang H, You A, Kang K, Chen H, Zhang L, Liu G, Xu B. Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of fever, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia syndrome in Henan Province, China, 2011-2012. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91166. [PMID: 24633131 PMCID: PMC3954591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fever, Thrombocytopenia and Leukopenia Syndrome (FTLS) is caused by a bunyavirus known as the FTLS virus (FTLSV), which was recently discovered in China. We examined the epidemiological and etiological features of 637 laboratory-confirmed cases of FTLS with onset from January 2011 to December 2012 in Henan Province, China. The highest incidence of FTLS occurred between May and August: 76.5% of all laboratory-confirmed cases occurred during those four months. Of the laboratory-confirmed cases, 60.9% were in the 46–69 years old age groups; 96.1% (612/637) occurred in farmers; 98.1% (625/637) were reported from Xinyang Prefecture. During the same time period, 2047 cases were reported in China. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of FTLSV strains identified during 2011–2012 in Henan Province were ≥96% identical. This findings provides insight for developing public-health interventions for the control and prevention of FTLS in epidemic area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyong Huang
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Du
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Hu
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aiguo You
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kai Kang
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haomin Chen
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Xinyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xinyang, China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bianli Xu
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Cui N, Bao XL, Yang ZD, Lu QB, Hu CY, Wang LY, Wang BJ, Wang HY, Liu K, Yuan C, Fan XJ, Wang Z, Zhang L, Zhang XA, Hu LP, Liu W, Cao WC. Clinical progression and predictors of death in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China. J Clin Virol 2014; 59:12-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2013.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Jin Yoo
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
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