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Wang T, Duan Y, Liu D, Li G, Liu B. The effect of transglutaminase-2 inhibitor on pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2021; 44:167-174. [PMID: 34889160 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2021.2013493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the relationship between transglutaminase type 2 (TG2) and pulmonary vascular remodeling in the formation of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and to investigate the effect of the inhibitor cystamine dihydrochloride on pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats with PAH. Thirty healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group, a PAH model group, and an intervention group. The mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), the right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI), the percentage wall thickness of the pulmonary artery (WT%), and the degree of neointimal proliferation were measured, and the pathological changes in the pulmonary tissues were observed.Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expressions of TG2, 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter (5-HTT), and Rho-associated protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) in the pulmonary tissues of the three groups of rats were detected. Compared with the control group, the mPAP, RVHI, and WT% were significantly higher in the model group, the degree of neointimal proliferation was significantly increased, and the mRNA and protein expressions of TG2, 5-HTT, and ROCK2 in the pulmonary tissue were significantly increased. Compared with the model group, the mPAP, RVHI, WT%, and the degree of neointimal proliferation were significantly lower in the intervention group, as were the mRNA and protein expressions of TG2, 5-HTT, and ROCK2 in the pulmonary tissue. The TG2 inhibitor cystamine dihydrochloride can prevent the formation of PAH to some extent. This might be due to the inhibition of the TG2 activity, 5-HTT expression, and possibly the inhibition of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, SC, China
| | - Yan Duan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, SC, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, SC, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, SC, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, SC, China
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Mižíková I, Pfeffer T, Nardiello C, Surate Solaligue DE, Steenbock H, Tatsukawa H, Silva DM, Vadász I, Herold S, Pease RJ, Iismaa SE, Hitomi K, Seeger W, Brinckmann J, Morty RE. Targeting transglutaminase 2 partially restores extracellular matrix structure but not alveolar architecture in experimental bronchopulmonary dysplasia. FEBS J 2018; 285:3056-3076. [PMID: 29935061 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The generation, maturation and remodelling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are essential for the formation of alveoli during lung development. Alveoli formation is disturbed in preterm infants that develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), where collagen fibres are malformed, and perturbations to lung ECM structures may underlie BPD pathogenesis. Malformed ECM structures might result from abnormal protein cross-linking, in part attributable to the increased expression and activity of transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) that have been noted in affected patient lungs, as well as in hyperoxia-based BPD animal models. The objective of the present study was to assess whether TGM2 plays a causal role in normal and aberrant lung alveolarization. Targeted deletion of Tgm2 in C57BL/6J mice increased septal thickness and reduced gas-exchange surface area in otherwise normally developing lungs. During aberrant lung alveolarization that occurred under hyperoxic conditions, collagen structures in Tgm2-/- mice were partially protected from the impact of hyperoxia, where normal dihydroxylysinonorleucine and hydroxylysylpiridinoline collagen cross-link abundance was restored; however, the lung alveolar architecture remained abnormal. Inhibition of transglutaminases (including TGM2) with cysteamine appreciably reduced transglutaminase activity in vivo, as assessed by Nε -(γ-l-glutamyl)-l-lysine abundance and TGM catalytic activity, and restored normal dihydroxylysinonorleucine and hydroxylysylpiridinoline collagen cross-link abundance under pathological conditions. Furthermore, a moderate improvement in alveoli size and gas-exchange surface density was noted in cysteamine-treated mouse lungs in which BPD was modelled. These data indicate that TGM2 plays a role in normal lung alveolarization, and contributes to the formation of aberrant ECM structures during disordered lung alveolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Mižíková
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Tilman Pfeffer
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Claudio Nardiello
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - David E Surate Solaligue
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Heiko Steenbock
- Institute of Virology and Cell Biology, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Diogo M Silva
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - István Vadász
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Richard J Pease
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Siiri E Iismaa
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Jürgen Brinckmann
- Institute of Virology and Cell Biology, University of Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rory E Morty
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
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Involvement of IL-13 and tissue transglutaminase in liver granuloma and fibrosis after schistosoma japonicum infection. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:753483. [PMID: 25110399 PMCID: PMC4106180 DOI: 10.1155/2014/753483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis, one of the most devastating parasitic diseases, is caused by Schistosoma japonicum (Sj) infection resulting in serious liver fibrosis. Interleukin- (IL-) 13, which is produced by TH2 cells, is a critical profibrotic cytokine found in various organs, including the liver. Tissue transglutaminase (tTG), a group of multifunctional enzymes, serves a central function in the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases. However, the relationship between IL-13, tTG, and liver fibrosis during Schistosoma infection has not been established. This study investigated the involvement of IL-13 and tTG in liver fibrogenesis during Sj infection in mice. Five weeks after Sj infection, granuloma and fibrosis development in the liver coincided with an increase in IL-13 and tTG in the liver and the upregulation of serum IL-13 in infected mice. Administration of cystamine, an inhibitor of tTG, abrogated the increase in both tTG and IL-13 in infected mice and ameliorated liver fibrogenesis and granuloma development. This result establishes a novel link among IL-13, tTG, and liver granuloma and fibrosis under Sj infection. Based on their important functions in liver fibrosis induced by Sj infection, IL-13 and tTG could be promising potential drug targets against schistosomiasis.
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