1
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Mizuno T, Nagano F, Ito Y, Tatsukawa H, Shinoda Y, Takeuchi T, Takahashi K, Tsuboi N, Nagamatsu T, Yamada S, Maruyama S, Hitomi K. Novel function of transglutaminase 2 in extracellular histone-induced acute lung injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 678:179-185. [PMID: 37643535 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular histones induce endothelial damage, resulting in lung haemorrhage; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Factor XIII, as a Ca2+-dependent cross-linking enzyme in blood, mediates fibrin deposition. As another isozyme, transglutaminase 2 (TG2) has a catalytic activity distributing in most tissues. Herein, we investigated whether TG2 promotes fibrin deposition and mediates the adhesion of platelets to ECs in histone-induced acute lung injury (ALI). We evaluated the lung histology and the adhesion of platelets to endothelial cells (ECs) after injecting histones to wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J and TG2 knockout (TG2-/-) mice, and administered a TG2 inhibitor (NC9) to WT mice. Pulmonary haemorrhage was more severe in TG2-/- mice than that in WT mice. The area of fibrin deposition and the proportion of CD41+CD31+ cells were lower in TG2-/- mice than in WT mice. Pre-treatment of NC9 decreased the area of fibrin deposition and the proportion of CD41+CD31+ cells in WT mice. These results suggest that TG2 prevents from pulmonary haemorrhage in ALI by promoting the adhesion of platelets to ECs and the fibrin deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Mizuno
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Informatics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.
| | - Fumihiko Nagano
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Ito
- Department of Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Shinoda
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taishu Takeuchi
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takahashi
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Naotake Tsuboi
- Department of Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nagamatsu
- Department of Analytical Pharmacology, Meijo University Faculty of Pharmacy, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yamada
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Meijo University Faculty of Pharmacy, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shoichi Maruyama
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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2
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Tatsukawa H, Aoyama R, Hitomi K. Development of peptide-based biosensors for detecting cross-linking and deamidation activities of transglutaminases. Amino Acids 2023:10.1007/s00726-023-03272-7. [PMID: 37165293 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Transglutaminases (TGs) are a protein family that catalyzes isopeptide bond formation between glutamine and lysine residues of various proteins. There are eight TG isozymes in humans, and each is involved in diverse biological phenomena due to their characteristic distribution. Abnormal activity of TG1 and TG2, which are major TG isozymes, is believed to cause various diseases, such as ichthyosis and celiac disease. To elucidate TGs' mechanisms of action and develop new therapeutic strategies, it is essential to develop bioprobes that can specifically examine the activity of each TG isozyme, which has not been sufficiently studied. We previously have identified several substrate peptide sequences containing Gln residues for each isozyme and developed a method to detect isozyme-specific activities by incorporating a labeled substrate peptide into lysine residues of proteins. We prepared the fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled Gln substrate peptide (FITC-K5 and FITC-T26) and Rhodamine B-labeled Lys substrate peptide (RhoB-Kpep). Each TG reaction specifically cross-linked these probe pairs, and the proximity of FITC and Rhodamine B significantly decreased the fluorescence intensity of FITC depending on the concentration and reaction time of each TG. In this study, we developed a peptide-based biosensor that quickly and easily measures TG isozyme-specific activity. This probe is expected to be helpful in elucidating TG's physiological and pathological functions and in developing compounds that modulate TG activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tatsukawa
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab., Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Ruriko Aoyama
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab., Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab., Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
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3
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Teshima H, Endo M, Furuyama Y, Takama H, Akiyama M, Tsuji T, Tatsukawa H, Hitomi K. Involvement of hypoxia-inducible factor activity in inevitable air-exposure treatment upon differentiation in a three-dimensional keratinocyte culture. FEBS J 2022; 290:2049-2063. [PMID: 36549886 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Formation of the human skin epidermis can be reproduced by a three-dimensional (3D) keratinocyte culture system, in which air-exposure is inevitable upon initiation of differentiation. In the continuous submerged culture without air-exposure, even with a differentiation-compatible medium, several keratinocyte-specific proteins were not induced resulting in the formation of aberrant epidermal layers. To clarify the mechanism by which air-exposure promotes keratinocyte differentiation, we performed a comparative analysis on biological properties between submerged and air-liquid interphase culture systems. By transcriptomic analysis, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-related genes appeared to significantly change in these cultured cells. In submerged culture, the transcriptional activity of HIF on its canonical response element was enhanced, while air-exposure treatment drastically reduced the transcriptional activity despite the high HIF protein level. Regulating HIF activity through reagents and genetic manipulation revealed that the reduced but retained HIF-transcriptional activity was essentially involved in differentiation. Furthermore, we showed, for the first time, that artificial supplementation of oxygen in the submerged culture system could restore keratinocyte differentiation as observed in the air-exposed culture. Thus, we mechanistically evaluated how HIF regulates the air-exposure-dependent differentiation of keratinocytes in a 3D culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Teshima
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Mayuko Endo
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Yumea Furuyama
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takama
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tokuji Tsuji
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
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Meng Q, Watanabe Y, Tatsukawa H, Hashimoto H, Hitomi K. Biochemical characterization of medaka (Oryzias latipes) fibrinogen gamma and its gene disruption resulting in anemia as a model fish. J Biochem 2022; 172:293-302. [PMID: 35997167 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvac065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
At the final stages of blood coagulation, fibrinogen is processed into insoluble fibrin by thrombin resulting in fibril-like structure formation. Via further cross-linking reactions between the fibrin gamma subunit by the catalytic action of blood transglutaminase (Factor XIII), this molecule gains further physical stability. Meanwhile, since fibrinogen is expressed in various cells and tissues, this molecule can exhibit other functions apart from its role in blood coagulation. To create a system studying on aberrant coagulation and investigate the physiological functions, using a model fish medaka (Oryzias latipes), we established gene-deficient mutants of fibrinogen gamma subunit protein in parallel with its biochemical analysis, such as tissue distribution pattern and substrate properties. By genetic deletion via genome-editing, two distinct mutants displayed retardation of blood coagulation. The mutants showed lower hematocrit with aberrant erythrocyte maturation indicating that fibrin deficiency caused severe anemia, and also appeared as a model for investigation of the fibrin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Meng
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yuko Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hisashi Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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5
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Kuribayashi M, Kawaguchi Y, Teshima H, Yamaguchi H, Tatsukawa H, Hitomi K. Investigation of mouse amniotic fluid for stimulating ability of keratinocyte differentiation depending on the fetal stage. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 711:109003. [PMID: 34390735 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.109003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
During fetal development, the barrier function of the fetal skin is developed under specific conditions for epidermis formation. In keratinocyte differentiation, the well-orchestrated production and modification of various structural proteins are induced. We assessed the epidermal barrier function in different fetal stages by evaluating the enzymatic activity of cross-linking proteins, transglutaminases, and the permeation of fluorescence dye in the stained epidermal sections. During days 15.5-17.5 in gestation, the enzymatic activities in the epidermis appeared to increase significantly; meanwhile, dye permeation was substantially decreased, suggesting the formation of a protective barrier. For the fetal epidermis formation in the earlier stage, unclarified stimulating factors in the amniotic fluid (AF) are possible to promote barrier function by stimulating keratinocyte differentiation. Thus, we performed proteomic spectrometric (MS) analysis on the components in the AF at different fetal stages. Also, we investigated the promotive ability of the components using a cultured keratinocyte differentiation system. According to the MS analysis, the AF components appeared to exhibit stage-specific variations, where possible unique functions have been identified. We also found that adding the AF from each stage to the medium for cultured keratinocytes specifically enhanced the levels of the differentiation markers. These results provide information on the possible role of AF that contains regulatory factors on keratinocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Kuribayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawaguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | - Hirofumi Teshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | | | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan.
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6
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Takeuchi T, Tatsukawa H, Shinoda Y, Kuwata K, Nishiga M, Takahashi H, Hase N, Hitomi K. Spatially Resolved Identification of Transglutaminase Substrates by Proteomics in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:319-330. [PMID: 34264172 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0012oc/suppl_file/disclosures.pdf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by the invariably progressive deposition of fibrotic tissue in the lungs and overall poor prognosis. TG2 (transglutaminase 2) is an enzyme that crosslinks glutamine and lysine residues and is involved in IPF pathogenesis. Despite the accumulating evidence implicating TG2 as a critical enzyme, the causative function and direct target of TG2 relating to this pathogenesis remain unelucidated. Here, we clarified the distributions of TG2 protein/activity and conducted quantitative proteomics analyses of possible substrates crosslinked by TG2 on unfixed lung sections in a mouse pulmonary fibrosis model. We identified 126 possible substrates as markedly TG2-dependently increased in fibrotic lung. Gene ontology analysis revealed that these identified proteins were mostly enriched in the lipid metabolic process, immune system process, and protein transport. In addition, these proteins were enriched in 21 pathways, including phagosome, lipid metabolism, several immune responses, and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, the network analyses screened out the six clusters and top 20 hub proteins with higher scores, which are related to endoplasmic reticulum stress and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signals. Several enriched pathways and categories were identified, some of which were the same terms based on transcription analysis in IPF. Our results provide novel pathological molecular networks driven by protein crosslinking via TG2, which can lead to the development of new therapeutic targets for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishu Takeuchi
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and
| | - Yoshiki Shinoda
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and
| | - Keiko Kuwata
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan; and
| | - Miyuki Nishiga
- Teijin Institute for Bio-Medical Research, Teijin Pharma Limited, Hino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takahashi
- Teijin Institute for Bio-Medical Research, Teijin Pharma Limited, Hino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Hase
- Teijin Institute for Bio-Medical Research, Teijin Pharma Limited, Hino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Cellular Biochemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and
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7
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Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a ubiquitously expressed enzyme catalyzing the crosslinking between Gln and Lys residues and involved in various pathophysiological events. Besides this crosslinking activity, TG2 functions as a deamidase, GTPase, isopeptidase, adapter/scaffold, protein disulfide isomerase, and kinase. It also plays a role in the regulation of hypusination and serotonylation. Through these activities, TG2 is involved in cell growth, differentiation, cell death, inflammation, tissue repair, and fibrosis. Depending on the cell type and stimulus, TG2 changes its subcellular localization and biological activity, leading to cell death or survival. In normal unstressed cells, intracellular TG2 exhibits a GTP-bound closed conformation, exerting prosurvival functions. However, upon cell stimulation with Ca2+ or other factors, TG2 adopts a Ca2+-bound open conformation, demonstrating a transamidase activity involved in cell death or survival. These functional discrepancies of TG2 open form might be caused by its multifunctional nature, the existence of splicing variants, the cell type and stimulus, and the genetic backgrounds and variations of the mouse models used. TG2 is also involved in the phagocytosis of dead cells by macrophages and in fibrosis during tissue repair. Here, we summarize and discuss the multifunctional and controversial roles of TG2, focusing on cell death/survival and fibrosis.
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8
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Takeuchi T, Tatsukawa H, Shinoda Y, Kuwata K, Nishiga M, Takahashi H, Hase N, Hitomi K. Spatially Resolved Identification of Transglutaminase Substrates by Proteomics in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:319-330. [PMID: 34264172 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0012oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by the invariably progressive deposition of fibrotic tissue in the lungs and overall poor prognosis. Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is an enzyme that crosslinks glutamine and lysine residues and is involved in IPF pathogenesis. Despite the accumulating evidence implicating TG2 as a critical enzyme, the causative function and direct target of TG2 relating to this pathogenesis remain unelucidated. Here, we clarified the distributions of TG2 protein/activity and conducted quantitative proteomics analyses of possible substrates crosslinked by TG2 on unfixed lung sections in a mouse pulmonary fibrosis model. We identified 126 possible substrates as markedly increased TG2-dependently in fibrotic lung. Gene ontology analysis revealed that these identified proteins were mostly enriched in the lipid metabolic process, immune system process, and protein transport. In addition, these proteins enriched in the 21 pathways including phagosome, lipid metabolism, several immune responses, and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, the network analyses screened out the 6 clusters and top 20 hub proteins with higher scores, which are related to ER stress and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signals. Several enriched pathways and categories were identified, and some of which were the same terms based on transcription analysis in IPF. Our results provide novel pathological molecular networks driven by protein crosslinking via TG2, which can lead to the development of new therapeutic targets for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishu Takeuchi
- Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan;
| | - Yoshiki Shinoda
- Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Kuwata
- Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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Watanabe Y, Oguri R, Suzuki R, Meng Q, Ishikawa Y, Tatsukawa H, Hashimoto H, Hitomi K. Thrombin-deficient mutant of medaka, a model fish, displays serious retardation in blood coagulation. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:824-833. [PMID: 33589932 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
At the last stage of the blood coagulation cascade, thrombin plays a central role in the processing of fibrinogen for the polymerization and in the additional activation of Factor XIII for the stable cross-linking of fibrin. In addition, thrombin carries out possible multiple roles via processing or interaction with various functional proteins. Several studies conducted in order to elucidate additional physiological significance are ongoing. To clarify further significance of thrombin and to establish an associated disease model, we characterized the orthologue gene for medaka (Oryzias latipes), a research model fish. Tissue distribution of medaka prothrombin has been immunotechnically analyzed. Furthermore, thrombin-deficient medaka mutants were viably established by utilizing a genome-editing method. The established gene-deficient mutants exhibited retarded blood coagulation even in the heterozygous fish. Taking advantage of their ease of handling, this specific model is useful for further investigation in medical research areas on human coagulation diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rina Oguri
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Risa Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Qi Meng
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuta Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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10
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Watanabe Y, Okuya K, Takada Y, Kinoshita M, Yokoi S, Chisada S, Kamei Y, Tatsukawa H, Yamamoto N, Abe H, Hashimoto H, Hitomi K. Gene disruption of medaka (Oryzias latipes) orthologue for mammalian tissue-type transglutaminase (TG2) causes movement retardation. J Biochem 2020; 168:213-222. [PMID: 32251518 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminases are an enzyme family that catalyses protein cross-linking essential for several biological functions. In the previous studies, we characterized the orthologues of the mammalian transglutaminase family in medaka (Oryzias latipes), an established fish model. Among the human isozymes, tissue-type transglutaminase (TG2) has multiple functions that are involved in several biological phenomena. In this study, we established medaka mutants deficient for the orthologue of human TG2 using the CRISPR/Cas9 and transcription activator-like effector nucleases systems. Although apparent morphological changes in the phenotype were not observed, movement retardation was found in the mutant fish when evaluated by a tank-diving test. Furthermore, comparative immunohistochemistry analysis using in this fish model revealed that orthologue of human TG2 was expressed at the periventricular layer of the optic tectum. Our findings provide novel insight for the relationship between tissue-type transglutaminase and the nervous system and the associated behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 4648601, Japan
| | - Kazuho Okuya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 4648601, Japan
| | - Yuki Takada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 4648601, Japan
| | - Masato Kinoshita
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Saori Yokoi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 0600812, Japan
| | - Shinichi Chisada
- Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818611, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kamei
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 4448585, Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 4648601, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 4648601, Japan
| | - Hideki Abe
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 4648601, Japan
| | - Hisashi Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 4648602, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 4648601, Japan
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11
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Meng Q, Watanabe Y, Suzuki R, Oguri R, Tatsukawa H, Hitomi K. Transglutaminase orthologues in medaka fish - biochemical characterization and establishment of gene-deficient mutants. Anal Biochem 2020; 604:113610. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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12
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Teshima H, Kato M, Tatsukawa H, Hitomi K. Analysis of the expression of transglutaminases in the reconstructed human epidermis using a three-dimensional cell culture. Anal Biochem 2020; 603:113606. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Tatsukawa H, Takeuchi T, Shinoda Y, Hitomi K. Identification and characterization of substrates crosslinked by transglutaminases in liver and kidney fibrosis. Anal Biochem 2020; 604:113629. [PMID: 32061735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The transglutaminase (TGase) family consists of eight isozymes that catalyze Ca2+-dependent crosslink formation between glutamine and lysine residues of proteins. In the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, among the TGase isozymes, TG2 in particular is upregulated and contributes to a critical role in fibrosis development and progression via the stabilization of extracellular matrix proteins and activation of TGF-β. Although TG2 has been considered a key enzyme in fibrosis, the causative role of TG2 and involvement of other isozymes remain unclear. We have recently developed a comprehensive analysis method targeting the isozyme-specific substrates of TGase in liver and kidney fibrosis. In this review article, we introduce a previously developed method for determining the activity and tissue distribution of TGase and for the detecting and identification of TGase substrates in an isozyme-specific manner. Using our comprehensive analysis method, we newly characterized the overlapping profile data regarding potential substrates of TG1 and TG2 that have been identified in liver and kidney fibrosis to date. Our results obtained by comparing the specificity and similarity of potential TGase substrates between different tissue fibrosis models provide a deeper understanding regarding the specific and common pathways in disease pathogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tatsukawa
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Taishu Takeuchi
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Shinoda
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
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14
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Tanabe Y, Yamane M, Kato M, Teshima H, Kuribayashi M, Tatsukawa H, Takama H, Akiyama M, Hitomi K. Studies on differentiation‐dependent expression and activity of distinct transglutaminases by specific substrate peptides using three‐dimensional reconstituted epidermis. FEBS J 2019; 286:2536-2548. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya University Japan
| | - Miki Yamane
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya University Japan
| | - Manami Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya University Japan
| | - Hirofumi Teshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya University Japan
| | - Miki Kuribayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya University Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya University Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takama
- Department of Dermatology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Japan
- Department of Dermatology Aichi Medical University Nagakute Japan
| | - Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology Aichi Medical University Nagakute Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya University Japan
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15
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Ito Y, Tatsukawa H, Yamaguchi H, Takahashi K, Hitomi K, Yuzawa Y. Detection and identification of potential transglutaminase 2 substrates in the mouse renal glomeruli. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 660:11-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Mižíková I, Pfeffer T, Nardiello C, Surate Solaligue DE, Steenbock H, Tatsukawa H, Silva DM, Vadász I, Herold S, Pease RJ, Iismaa SE, Hitomi K, Seeger W, Brinckmann J, Morty RE. Targeting transglutaminase 2 partially restores extracellular matrix structure but not alveolar architecture in experimental bronchopulmonary dysplasia. FEBS J 2018; 285:3056-3076. [PMID: 29935061 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The generation, maturation and remodelling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are essential for the formation of alveoli during lung development. Alveoli formation is disturbed in preterm infants that develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), where collagen fibres are malformed, and perturbations to lung ECM structures may underlie BPD pathogenesis. Malformed ECM structures might result from abnormal protein cross-linking, in part attributable to the increased expression and activity of transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) that have been noted in affected patient lungs, as well as in hyperoxia-based BPD animal models. The objective of the present study was to assess whether TGM2 plays a causal role in normal and aberrant lung alveolarization. Targeted deletion of Tgm2 in C57BL/6J mice increased septal thickness and reduced gas-exchange surface area in otherwise normally developing lungs. During aberrant lung alveolarization that occurred under hyperoxic conditions, collagen structures in Tgm2-/- mice were partially protected from the impact of hyperoxia, where normal dihydroxylysinonorleucine and hydroxylysylpiridinoline collagen cross-link abundance was restored; however, the lung alveolar architecture remained abnormal. Inhibition of transglutaminases (including TGM2) with cysteamine appreciably reduced transglutaminase activity in vivo, as assessed by Nε -(γ-l-glutamyl)-l-lysine abundance and TGM catalytic activity, and restored normal dihydroxylysinonorleucine and hydroxylysylpiridinoline collagen cross-link abundance under pathological conditions. Furthermore, a moderate improvement in alveoli size and gas-exchange surface density was noted in cysteamine-treated mouse lungs in which BPD was modelled. These data indicate that TGM2 plays a role in normal lung alveolarization, and contributes to the formation of aberrant ECM structures during disordered lung alveolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Mižíková
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Tilman Pfeffer
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Claudio Nardiello
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - David E Surate Solaligue
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Heiko Steenbock
- Institute of Virology and Cell Biology, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Diogo M Silva
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - István Vadász
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Richard J Pease
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Siiri E Iismaa
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Jürgen Brinckmann
- Institute of Virology and Cell Biology, University of Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rory E Morty
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
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17
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Watanabe Y, Furukawa E, Tatsukawa H, Hashimoto H, Kamei Y, Taniguchi Y, Hitomi K. Higher susceptibility to osmolality of the medaka (Oryzias latipes) mutants in orthologue genes of mammalian skin transglutaminases. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:1165-1168. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1453294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Transglutaminase (TG) is an essential enzyme to catalyze cross-linking reactions of epidermal proteins. Recently, we biochemically characterized human skin TG orthologues for medaka (Oryzias latipes), a model fish. By genome editing, gene-modified fishes for the two orthologues were obtained, both of which lack the ordinal enzymes. These fish appeared to exhibit higher susceptibility to osmolality at the period of larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University , Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eri Furukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University , Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University , Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | - Yoshihito Taniguchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Kyorin University , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University , Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University , Nagoya, Japan
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18
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Hibi T, Ohtsuka H, Shimasaki T, Inui S, Shibuya M, Tatsukawa H, Kanie K, Yamamoto Y, Aiba H. Tschimganine and its derivatives extend the chronological life span of yeast via activation of the Sty1 pathway. Genes Cells 2018; 23:620-637. [PMID: 29900664 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Most antiaging factors or life span extenders are associated with calorie restriction (CR). Very few of these factors function independently of, or additively with, CR. In this study, we focused on tschimganine, a compound that was reported to extend chronological life span (CLS). Although tschimganine led to the extension of CLS, it also inhibited yeast cell growth. We acquired a Schizosaccharomyces pombe mutant with a tolerance for tschimganine due to the gene crm1. The resulting Crm1 protein appears to export the stress-activated protein kinase Sty1 from the nucleus to the cytosol even under stressful conditions. Furthermore, we synthesized two derivative compounds of tschimganine, α-hibitakanine and β-hibitakanine; these derivatives did not inhibit cell growth, as seen with tschimganine. α-hibitakanine extended the CLS, not only in S. pombe but also in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, indicating the possibility that life span regulation by tschimganine derivative may be conserved across various yeast species. We found that the longevity induced by tschimganine was dependent on the Sty1 pathway. Based on our results, we propose that tschimganine and its derivatives extend CLS by activating the Sty1 pathway in fission yeast, and CR extends CLS via two distinct pathways, one Sty1-dependent and the other Sty1-independent. These findings provide the potential for creating an additive life span extension effect when combined with CR, as well as a better understanding of the mechanism of CLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahide Hibi
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hokuto Ohtsuka
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takafumi Shimasaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shougo Inui
- Laboratory of Molecular Design, Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Shibuya
- Laboratory of Molecular Design, Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kei Kanie
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Bioengineering, Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Design, Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Aiba
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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19
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Horimizu R, Ogawa R, Watanabe Y, Tatsukawa H, Kinoshita M, Hashimoto H, Hitomi K. Biochemical characterization of a medaka (Oryzias latipes) orthologue for mammalian Factor XIII and establishment of a gene-edited mutant. FEBS J 2017; 284:2843-2855. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rima Horimizu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Nagoya University; Japan
| | - Ryota Ogawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Nagoya University; Japan
| | - Yuko Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Nagoya University; Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Nagoya University; Japan
| | | | | | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Nagoya University; Japan
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20
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Tatsukawa H, Tani Y, Otsu R, Nakagawa H, Hitomi K. Global identification and analysis of isozyme-specific possible substrates crosslinked by transglutaminases using substrate peptides in mouse liver fibrosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45049. [PMID: 28327670 PMCID: PMC5361200 DOI: 10.1038/srep45049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The transglutaminase (TG) family comprises eight isozymes that form the isopeptide bonds between glutamine and lysine residues and contribute to the fibrotic diseases via crosslinking-mediated stabilization of ECM and the activation of TGF-β in several tissues. However, despite a growing body of evidence implicating TG2 as a key enzyme in fibrosis, the causative role of TG2 and the involvement of the other isozymes have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, here we clarified the distributions of TG isozymes and their in situ activities and identified the isozyme-specific possible substrates for both TG1 and TG2 using their substrate peptides in mouse fibrotic liver. We found that TG1 activity was markedly enhanced intracellularly over a widespread area, whereas TG2 activity increased in the extracellular space. In total, 43 and 42 possible substrates were identified for TG1 and TG2, respectively, as involved in chromatin organization and cellular component morphogenesis. These included keratin 18, a biomarker for hepatic injury, which was accumulated in the fibrotic liver and showed the partly similar distribution with TG1 activity. These findings suggest that TG1 activity may be involved in the functional modification of intracellular proteins, whereas TG2 activity contributes to the stabilization of extracellular proteins during liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tatsukawa
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab., Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yuji Tani
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab., Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Risa Otsu
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab., Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Haruka Nakagawa
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab., Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab., Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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21
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Takada Y, Watanabe Y, Okuya K, Tatsukawa H, Hashimoto H, Hitomi K. Biochemical characterization of the medaka (Oryzias latipes) orthologue for mammalian tissue-type transglutaminase (TG2). Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 81:469-474. [PMID: 27855535 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1256757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Transglutaminase is an enzyme family responsible for post-translational modification such as protein cross-linking and the attachment of primary amine and/or deamidation of glutamine-residue in proteins. Medaka (Oryzias latipes), a recently established model fish, has similar functional proteins to those characterized in mammals. Previously, we found the apparent orthologues that correspond to human transglutaminases in medaka. In this study, regarding the medaka orthologue of human tissue-type transglutaminase (OlTGT), recombinant protein was expressed in an active form in bacteria cultured at low temperature. Using the recombinant protein, we biochemically characterized the enzymatic activity and also obtained a monoclonal antibody that specifically recognized OlTGT. Immunochemical analysis revealed that OlTGT was not expressed ubiquitously, unlike its mammalian orthologue, but in primarily limited tissues such as the eye, brain, spinal cord, and gas gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Takada
- a Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Yuko Watanabe
- a Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Kazuho Okuya
- a Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- a Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Hisashi Hashimoto
- b Bioscience Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- a Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan
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22
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Tatsukawa H, Liu HH, Oba S, Kamiya N, Nakanishi Y, Hitomi K. FRET-based detection of isozyme-specific activities of transglutaminases. Amino Acids 2016; 49:615-623. [PMID: 27586957 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Transglutaminases (TGs) comprise a protein family in which the members catalyze the formation of isopeptide bonds between glutamine and lysine residues in various proteins. Expression studies on its three major members, FXIII, TG1, and TG2, have been performed in a relatively large number of mammalian tissues in comparison with those on the other isozymes. We previously identified a highly reactive substrate peptide, including glutamine, for each isozyme from a phage display library and developed a method for detecting isozyme-specific activities by incorporating a labeled substrate peptide into lysine residues of proteins. Here, we describe genetically encoded Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based probes composed of each fluorescence protein (Cerulean and EVenus) fused with substrate peptides. The probe pairs, designated as Trac-MTG (His-CerΔ11-LQ/EV-K-His) containing linker and substrate peptide sequence for microbial TG (MTG), increased the EVenus:Cerulean fluorescence intensity ratio by more than 1.5-fold. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Trac-TG1 (His-CerΔ11-K5) and Trac-TG2 (His-CerΔ11-T26) containing substrate peptide sequence for mammalian TGs successfully detected the isozyme-specific activity of TG1 and TG2, respectively. In this study, we developed a rapid and convenient experimental system for measuring the isozyme-specific activity of TGs. The application of these probes for analyses in cells and tissues will be helpful for elucidating the physiological and pathological functions of TGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tatsukawa
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab., Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-0814, Japan.
| | - Hong Hong Liu
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab., Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-0814, Japan
| | - Shota Oba
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab., Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-0814, Japan
| | - Noriho Kamiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0388, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakanishi
- Department of Biological Mechanisms and Functions, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab., Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-0814, Japan
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23
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Tatsukawa H, Ishii K, Haranaka M, Kumagi M, Hino I, Yoshimatsu H. Evaluation of average amount of cerebral blood flow measured by brain perfusion index in patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2016; 14:445-9. [PMID: 16038108 DOI: 10.1191/0961203305lu2127oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We used the brain perfusion index (BPI), an indicator of the average amount of cerebral blood flow (CBF), to evaluate the usefulness of the average amount of CBF for neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). Of the seventy three SLE patients examined in this study (total 100 scans), 16 patients (23 scans) had already been diagnosed with NPSLE based on clinical symptoms indicative of central nervous system involvement. In addition, 12 patients (17 scans) exhibited the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS). BPI is significantly influenced by age and we therefore used the BPI ratio (ratio of age predicted BPI to measured BPI value) for each assessment. The mean BPI value of 100 scans was 11.2 + 2.79, and the mean BPI ratio was 0.99 + 0.24 in all SLE patients. The mean BPI ratio among NPSLE (0.84 + 0.19) was significantly lower than that of the non-NPSLE patients (1.04 + 0.24) (P, 0.0005). However, there was no difference in the mean BPI ratio between APS patients (0.98 + 0.24) and non-APS patients (0.99 + 0.25). These results indicate that the mean CBF assessed by the BPI ratio using SPECT is of use in the evaluation of central nervous system involvement in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tatsukawa
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan.
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24
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Tatsukawa H, Furutani Y, Hitomi K, Kojima S. Transglutaminase 2 has opposing roles in the regulation of cellular functions as well as cell growth and death. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2244. [PMID: 27253408 PMCID: PMC5143380 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is primarily known as the most ubiquitously expressed member of the transglutaminase family with Ca2+-dependent protein crosslinking activity; however, this enzyme exhibits multiple additional functions through GTPase, cell adhesion, protein disulfide isomerase, kinase, and scaffold activities and is associated with cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. TG2 is found in the extracellular matrix, plasma membrane, cytosol, mitochondria, recycling endosomes, and nucleus, and its subcellular localization is an important determinant of its function. Depending upon the cell type and stimuli, TG2 changes its subcellular localization and biological activities, playing both anti- and pro-apoptotic roles. Increasing evidence indicates that the GTP-bound form of the enzyme (in its closed form) protects cells from apoptosis but that the transamidation activity of TG2 (in its open form) participates in both facilitating and inhibiting apoptosis. A difficulty in the study and understanding of this enigmatic protein is that opposing effects have been reported regarding its roles in the same physiological and/or pathological systems. These include neuroprotective or neurodegenerative effects, hepatic cell growth-promoting or hepatic cell death-inducing effects, exacerbating or having no effect on liver fibrosis, and anti- and pro-apoptotic effects on cancer cells. The reasons for these discrepancies have been ascribed to TG2's multifunctional activities, genetic variants, conformational changes induced by the immediate environment, and differences in the genetic background of the mice used in each of the experiments. In this article, we first report that TG2 has opposing roles like the protagonist in the novel Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, followed by a summary of the controversies reported, and finally discuss the possible reasons for these discrepancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tatsukawa
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Y Furutani
- Micro-Signaling Regulation Technology Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 2-1 Hirosawa, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Hitomi
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Kojima
- Micro-Signaling Regulation Technology Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 2-1 Hirosawa, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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25
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Qin XY, Tatsukawa H, Hitomi K, Shirakami Y, Ishibashi N, Shimizu M, Moriwaki H, Kojima S. Metabolome Analyses Uncovered a Novel Inhibitory Effect of Acyclic Retinoid on Aberrant Lipogenesis in a Mouse Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatic Tumorigenesis Model. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:205-14. [PMID: 26744170 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acyclic retinoid (ACR) is a promising drug under clinical trials for preventing recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. The objective of this study was to gain insights into molecular basis of the antitumorigenic action of ACR from a metabolic point of view. To achieve this, comprehensive cationic and lipophilic liver metabolic profiling was performed in mouse diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatic tumorigenesis model using both capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. ACR significantly counteracted against acceleration of lipogenesis but not glucose metabolism in DEN-treated mice liver, suggesting an important role of lipid metabolic reprogramming in the initiation step of hepatic tumorigenesis. Knowledge-based pathway analysis suggested that inhibition of linoleic acid metabolites such as arachidonic acid, a proinflammatory precursor, played a crucial role in the prevention by ACR of DEN-induced chronic inflammation-mediated tumorigenesis of the liver. As a molecular mechanism of the ACR's effect to prevent the aberrant lipogenesis, microarray analysis identified that a key transcription regulator of both embryogenesis and tumorigenesis, COUP transcription factor 2, also known as NR2F2, was associated with the metabolic effect of ACR in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Our study provided potential therapeutic targets for the chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma as well as new insights into the mechanisms underlying prevention of hepatic tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yang Qin
- Micro-Signaling Regulation Technology Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yohei Shirakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Naoto Ishibashi
- Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Division, KOWA Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hisataka Moriwaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Soichi Kojima
- Micro-Signaling Regulation Technology Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Saitama, Japan.
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Kikuta A, Furukawa E, Ogawa R, Suganuma N, Saitoh M, Nishimaki T, Katsumura T, Oota H, Kawamoto T, Tatsukawa H, Hashimoto H, Hitomi K. Biochemical Characterization of Medaka (Oryzias latipes) Transglutaminases, OlTGK1 and OlTGK2, as Orthologues of Human Keratinocyte-Type Transglutaminase. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144194. [PMID: 26713442 PMCID: PMC4694659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium-dependent transglutaminases (TGs) are a family of enzymes that catalyze protein cross-linking and/or attachment of primary amines in a variety of organisms. Mammalian TGs are implicated in multiple biological events such as skin formation, blood coagulation, and extracellular matrix stabilization. Medaka (Oryzias latipes) has been used as a model fish to investigate the physiological functions of mammalian proteins. By analysis of the medaka genome, we found seven TGs orthologues, some of which apparently corresponded to the mammalian TG isozymes, TG1, TG2, and Factor XIII. All orthologues had preserved amino acid residues essential for enzymatic activity in their deduced primary structures. In this study, we analyzed biochemical properties of two orthologues (OlTGK1 and OlTGK2) of mammalian epithelium-specific TG (TG1) that are significantly expressed at the transcriptional level. Using purified recombinant proteins for OlTGK1 and OlTGK2, we characterized their catalytic reactions. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analyses of fish sections revealed higher expression in the pancreas (OTGK1), intervertebral disk (OlTGK2) and pharyngeal teeth (OlTGK2) as well as in the skin epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Kikuta
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464–8601 Japan
| | - Eri Furukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464–8601 Japan
| | - Ryota Ogawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464–8601 Japan
| | - Natsuki Suganuma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464–8601 Japan
| | - Mai Saitoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464–8601 Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroki Oota
- Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, 252–0734 Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kawamoto
- Radioisotope Research Institute, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230–8501 Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464–8601 Japan
| | - Hisashi Hashimoto
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464–8601 Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464–8601 Japan
- * E-mail:
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Shrestha R, Tatsukawa H, Shrestha R, Ishibashi N, Matsuura T, Kagechika H, Kose S, Hitomi K, Imamoto N, Kojima S. Molecular mechanism by which acyclic retinoid induces nuclear localization of transglutaminase 2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e2002. [PMID: 26633708 PMCID: PMC4720877 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear accumulation of transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is an important step in TG2-dependent cell death. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for nuclear translocation of TG2 are still poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that acyclic retinoid (ACR) induced nuclear accumulation of TG2 in JHH-7 cells, a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) leading to their apoptosis. We further demonstrated molecular mechanism in nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking of TG2 and an effect of ACR on it. We identified a novel 14-amino acid nuclear localization signal (NLS) (466)AEKEETGMAMRIRV(479) in the 'C' domain and a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) (657)LHMGLHKL(664) in the 'D' domain that allowed TG2 to shuttle between the nuclear and cytosolic milieu. Increased nuclear import of GAPDH myc-HIS fused with the identified NLS was observed, confirming its nuclear import ability. Leptomycin B, an inhibitor of exportin-1 as well as point mutation of all leucine residues to glutamine residues in the NES of TG2 demolished its nuclear export. TG2 formed a trimeric complex with importin-α and importin-β independently from transamidase activity which strongly suggested the involvement of a NLS-based translocation of TG2 to the nucleus. ACR accelerated the formation of the trimeric complex and that may be at least in part responsible for enhanced nuclear localization of TG2 in HCC cells treated with ACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Shrestha
- Micro-Signaling Regulation Technology Unit, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Tatsukawa
- Department of Basic Medicinal Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - R Shrestha
- Micro-Signaling Regulation Technology Unit, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Department of Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - N Ishibashi
- Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Division, KOWA Company, Ltd., Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Matsuura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Kagechika
- Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Kose
- Cellular Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Hitomi
- Department of Basic Medicinal Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - N Imamoto
- Cellular Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - S Kojima
- Micro-Signaling Regulation Technology Unit, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Department of Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Tatsukawa H, Abe N, Ohashi S, Hitomi K. Distribution of transglutaminase family members in mouse whole body sections. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 467:1046-51. [PMID: 26456644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Transglutaminases (TGs) comprise a protein family in which the members catalyze the formation of isopeptide bonds between glutamine and lysine residues in various proteins. Eight enzymes have been identified and designated as factor XIII (FXIII) and TG1-7. Expression studies of four major members, i.e., FXIII, TG1, TG2, and TG3, have been performed in a relatively large number of mammalian tissues in comparison with those on the other isozymes. The structural and biochemical characteristics of these individual isozymes and expression analyses of TG family in some tissue extracts have been reported, but there have been no simultaneous comparative analyses of both their mRNA and protein expression patterns in tissues distributions. Thus, we developed novel experimental systems for in situ hybridization using cryofilm attached to whole body sections of neonatal mice, thereby obtaining data regarding the tissue distributions of the major TG isozymes. In this study, we performed the first detailed comparative analysis of the mRNA and protein distribution studies of TG family members in a wide range of mouse tissues. These data will be helpful for elucidating the unknown physiological and pathological functions of TGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tatsukawa
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-0814, Japan
| | - Natsumi Abe
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-0814, Japan
| | - Shintaro Ohashi
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-0814, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Cellular Biochemistry Lab, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-0814, Japan.
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Furukawa K, Yamane M, Tatsukawa H, Hitomi K. Early response as shown by enhancement of transglutaminase 1 expression after cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 586:27-32. [PMID: 26427353 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is caused by drugs and other stimuli, which limits the use of several therapeutic approaches. The AKI mouse model generated by intraperitoneal administration with cisplatin, one of the most widely used anti-cancer drugs, is generally applied to study on this disease. Transglutaminases are posttranslational modifying enzymes that catalyze irreversible cross-linking reactions between proteins in several biological events such as skin formation and blood coagulation. In this study, we found an increase in the expression level of transglutaminase (TG1) in the kidney of mice which had been injected with cisplatin and underwent progressive nephrotoxicity. Before the appearance of the tentative symptoms of renal failure, which is apparent by morphological damage in the kidney and increases in blood creatinine levels, both the expression level and activity of TG1 rapidly increased mainly at the proximal tubule. On the other hand, the protein expression level of another major isozyme (TG2) remained mostly unaltered. This investigation will provide a possible basal-level biomarker and also information on progression of renal failure from the aspect of the protein-modifying enzyme, transglutaminase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Furukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Miki Yamane
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
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Miura A, Kambe Y, Inoue K, Tatsukawa H, Kurihara T, Griffin M, Kojima S, Miyata A. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type 1 receptor (PAC1) gene is suppressed by transglutaminase 2 activation. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:32720-32730. [PMID: 24045949 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.452706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) functions as a neuroprotective factor through the PACAP type 1 receptor, PAC1. In a previous work, we demonstrated that nerve growth factor augmented PAC1 gene expression through the activation of Sp1 via the Ras/MAPK pathway. We also observed that PAC1 expression in Neuro2a cells was transiently suppressed during in vitro ischemic conditions, oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Because endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is induced by ischemia, we attempted to clarify how ER stress affects the expression of PAC1. Tunicamycin, which induces ER stress, significantly suppressed PAC1 gene expression, and salubrinal, a selective inhibitor of the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase signaling pathway of ER stress, blocked the suppression. In luciferase reporter assay, we found that two Sp1 sites were involved in suppression of PAC1 gene expression due to tunicamycin or OGD. Immunocytochemical staining demonstrated that OGD-induced transglutaminase 2 (TG2) expression was suppressed by salubrinal or cystamine, a TG activity inhibitor. Further, the OGD-induced accumulation of cross-linked Sp1 in nuclei was suppressed by cystamine or salubrinal. Together with cystamine, R283, TG2-specific inhibitor, and siRNA specific for TG2 also ameliorated OGD-induced attenuation of PAC1 gene expression. These results suggest that Sp1 cross-linking might be crucial in negative regulation of PAC1 gene expression due to TG2 in OGD-induced ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Miura
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Yuki Kambe
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Inoue
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- the Molecular Ligand Biology Research Team, Chemical Genomics Research Group, Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takashi Kurihara
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Martin Griffin
- the School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Soichi Kojima
- the Molecular Ligand Biology Research Team, Chemical Genomics Research Group, Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Atsuro Miyata
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan,.
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Kuramoto K, Yamasaki R, Shimizu Y, Tatsukawa H, Hitomi K. Phage-displayed peptide library screening for preferred human substrate peptide sequences for transglutaminase 7. Arch Biochem Biophys 2013; 537:138-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Itoh M, Tatsukawa H, Eun-Seo L, Yamanishi K, Kojima S, Hitomi K. Variations in both TG1 and TG2 isozyme-specific in situ activities and protein expressions during mouse embryonic development. J Histochem Cytochem 2013; 61:793-801. [PMID: 23896968 DOI: 10.1369/0022155413501676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminase (TG) is a family of enzymes that catalyzes cross-linking reactions among proteins. Using fluorescent-labeled highly reactive substrate peptides, we recently developed a system to visualize isozyme-specific in situ enzymatic activity. In the present study, we investigated the in situ activities of TG1 (skin-type) and TG2 (tissue-type) using whole mouse sections of various embryonic developmental stages and neonates. In each case, we also successfully used immunostaining of identical whole mouse sections for protein expression after detection of enzymatic activities. In general, the enzymatic activity was correlated with TG protein expression. However, in some tissues, TG protein expression patterns, which were inconsistent with the enzymatic activities, suggested that inactive TGs were produced possibly by self cross-linking or other modifications. Our method allowed us to simultaneously observe developmental variations in both TG isozyme-specific activities and protein levels in mouse embryonic and neonate tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Itoh
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences (MI), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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Kuo TF, Tatsukawa H, Matsuura T, Nagatsuma K, Hirose S, Kojima S. Free fatty acids induce transglutaminase 2-dependent apoptosis in hepatocytes via ER stress-stimulated PERK pathways. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:1130-7. [PMID: 21567402 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a progressive form of fatty liver, shares histological similarities with alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), including accumulated fat, hepatic apoptosis, and fibrous tissues in the liver, but the molecular mechanisms responsible for hepatic apoptosis remain unclear. We previously reported that transglutaminase 2 (TG2), induced in the nuclei of ethanol-treated hepatocytes, crosslinks and inactivates the transcription factor Sp1, leading to hepatic apoptosis. In this study, we investigated whether a similar change is involved in NASH, and if so, how TG2 and crosslinked Sp1 (CLSp1) are induced. Elevated nuclear TG2 and CLSp1 formation was demonstrated in NASH patients, as well as increased activation of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and release of cytochrome c. In Hc human normal hepatocytes treated with free fatty acids (FFAs), biochemical analyses revealed that ethanol and FFAs provoked fat accumulation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, increased nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), and nuclear TG2. Salubrinal, a selective inhibitor of the ER stress-induced pancreatic ER kinase (PERK) signaling pathway, inhibited NFκB activation, nuclear TG2 expression, and apoptosis only if it was induced by FFAs, but not by ethanol. These results suggest that FFAs could increase ER stress and lead to nuclear NFκB activation and TG2 induction through PERK-dependent pathways, resulting in TG2-mediated apoptosis accompanying crosslinking and inactivation of Sp1, activation of AIF, and release of cytochrome c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Fang Kuo
- Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Transglutaminase 2 (TG2), catalyzing crosslinking between lysine and glutamine residues, is involved in many liver diseases. We previously reported that TG2, induced in the nucleus of ethanol- or free fatty acids (FFAs)-treated hepatic cells, crosslinks and inactivates a transcription factor Sp1, leading to reduced expression of c-Met and thereby caspase independent hepatic apoptosis in culture systems, animal models, and both alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients. FFAs increase endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, NFkB activation and nuclear TG2 (nTG2) through pancreatic ER kinase (PERK)-dependent pathway, whereas ethanol induces nTG2 via retinoid signaling. However, the molecular mechanism by which ethanol/FFAs induce nuclear localization of TG2 has been unclear. METHOD A similar nTG2-mediated cell death is induced in acyclic retinoid (ACR)-treated hepatocellular carcinoma. Using cultured cells, we investigated how to control this novel apoptotic pathway by regulating nuclear localization of TG2. RESULTS TG2 is composed of N-terminal b-sandwich, catalytic core, b-barrel 1, and C-terminal b-barrel 2 domains. In a previous work, we identified a 14 amino acid nuclear localization signal (NLS) within the b-barrel 1 domain and a putative leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) at position 657 to 664 (LHMGLHKL) near the C-terminus in the b-barrel 2 domain, and found that ACR downregulated exportin-1 levels, thereby accumulation of TG2 in the nucleus. Here, we found that both ethanol and FFAs provoked generation of truncated short form of TG2 (TG2-S) defects in the putative NES at least in part through alternative splicing, thereby causing accumulation of TG2-S in the nucleus. CONCLUSION The generation of TG2-S in ethanol or FFAs-treated hepatic cells is a novel therapeutic target for prevention of hepatic cell death associated with ASH/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichi Kojima
- Molecular Ligand Biology Research Team, Chemical Genomics Research Group, Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.
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Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2; EC 2.3.2.13) is the most abundantly expressed member of the transglutaminase family and exerts opposing effects on cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis via multiple activities, including transamidase, GTPase, cell adhesion, protein disulfide isomerase, kinase and scaffold activities. It is distributed in and around various parts of a cell, including the extracellular matrix, plasma membrane, cytosol, mitochondria and nucleus. Generally, nuclear TG2 represents only 5-7% of the total TG2 in a cell, and various stimuli will increase nuclear TG2 via cellular stress and/or an increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. There is increasing evidence indicating the importance of nuclear TG2 in regulating gene expression via post-translational modification of (or interaction with) transcriptional factors and related proteins. These include E2F1, hypoxia inducible factor 1, Sp1 and histones. Through this mechanism, TG2 controls cell growth or survival, differentiation and apoptosis, and is involved in the pathogenesis and/or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, liver diseases and cancers. The balance between import from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, and export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, determines the level of TG2 in the nucleus. Selective regulation of the expression, activity or localization of nuclear TG2 will be important for basic research, as well as clinical applications, suggesting a new era for this long-studied enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Fang Kuo
- Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan
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Kojima S, Kuo TF, Tatsukawa H, Hirose S. Induction of cross-linking and silencing of Sp1 by transglutaminase during liver injury in ASH and NASH via different ER stress pathways. Dig Dis 2011; 28:715-21. [PMID: 21525755 DOI: 10.1159/000324278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) share many histological similarities, but the molecular mechanisms responsible for hepatic apoptosis remain unclear. We previously reported that transglutaminase 2 (TG2), a protein cross-linking enzyme, is induced in the nucleus of ethanol-treated hepatocytes, and cross-links and inactivates a general transcription factor Sp1, which eventually leads to reduced expression of c-Met and caspase-independent hepatic apoptosis [Tatsukawa et al., Gastroenterology 2009;136:1783-1795]. In this study, we investigated if a similar change might be observed also in NASH and if yes how TG2 and cross-linked Sp1 (CLSp1) would be induced in NASH and ASH. We obtained elevated nuclear TG2 and CLSp1 formation in NASH patients, as well as in HepG2 cells treated with free fatty acids (FFAs). Biochemical analyses on this culture model revealed that both ethanol and FFAs provoked fat accumulation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, increased nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) and nuclear TG2, but the synergistic effect was not obvious between FFA and ethanol. Salubrinal, a selective inhibitor against dephosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α in ER stress-induced pancreatic ER kinase (PERK) signal pathway, inhibited NFκB activation, nuclear TG2 expression and apoptosis only induced by FFAs, but not those induced by ethanol, while retinoid antagonist blocks ethanol induction of NFκB and TG2. These results suggest that FFA and ethanol may increase ER stress and lead to nuclear NFκB activation and TG2 induction through respectively distinctive pathways, leading to TG2-mediated apoptosis via cross-linking and inactivation of Sp1 and reduction in c-Met.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichi Kojima
- Molecular Ligand Biology Research Team, Chemical Genomics Research Group, Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Japan.
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Itoh M, Kawamoto T, Tatsukawa H, Kojima S, Yamanishi K, Hitomi K. In situ detection of active transglutaminases for keratinocyte type (TGase 1) and tissue type (TGase 2) using fluorescence-labeled highly reactive substrate peptides. J Histochem Cytochem 2011; 59:180-7. [PMID: 20876521 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.2010.957225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminase is a calcium-dependent enzyme that posttranslationally modifies proteins by cross-linking between glutamine and lysine residues or attachment of a primary amine to specific polypeptide-bound glutamine residues. Eight isozymes play essential roles in various mammalian biological processes. The authors have recently identified 12–amino acid preferred substrate peptide sequences that are highly reactive and act in an isozyme-specific manner. In this study, a rapid, isozyme-specific, and sensitive detection of active keratinocyte type (TGase 1) and tissue type (TGase 2) was successful using fluorescence-labeled peptides. This procedure involved using whole-body sections of a mouse to extensively analyze the tissue distribution of both enzymes that revealed clearly distinct patterns. Strong active TGase 1 was observed in epithelial tissues such as tongue, developing teeth, forestomach, and skin epidermis. Significantly active TGase 2 was observed in various types of tissues as predicted and at particularly higher levels in the intestinal mucosa, muscle membrane, and whole veins in the liver. This manuscript contains online supplemental material at http://www.jhc.org. Please visit this article online to view these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Itoh
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Japan
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Tatsukawa H, Sano T, Fukaya Y, Ishibashi N, Watanabe M, Okuno M, Moriwaki H, Kojima S. Dual induction of caspase 3- and transglutaminase-dependent apoptosis by acyclic retinoid in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Mol Cancer 2011; 10:4. [PMID: 21214951 PMCID: PMC3024303 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-10-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2010] [Accepted: 01/09/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma has a high mortality rate due to its rate of recurrence. Acyclic retinoid prevents recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients after surgical removal of their primary tumors by inducing apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, although the molecular mechanisms of action are not understood. Methods Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in culture, as well as nude mice transplanted with hepatocellular carcinoma cells and rats given with N-diethylnitrosamine were treated with acyclic retinoid. Changes in activated caspase 3 and transglutaminase 2 (TG2) levels, Sp1 cross-linking and its activities, expression of epidermal growth factor receptor, and apoptotic levels were measured. Results Acyclic retinoid simultaneously stimulated the activation of caspase 3, and the expression, nuclear localization and crosslinking activity of TG2, resulting in crosslinking and inactivation of the transcription factor, Sp1, thereby reducing expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and cell death in three hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. These effects were partially restored by a caspase inhibitor, transfection of antisense TG2, restoration of functional Sp1, or an excess of epidermal growth factor. Nuclear expression of TG2 and crosslinked Sp1, as also activated caspase 3 were found in both hepatocellular carcinoma cells transplanted into nude mice and cancerous regions within the liver in N-diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis model in rats, following treatment of animals with acyclic retinoid. Conclusions Treatment with acyclic retinoid produces a dual activation of caspase 3 and TG2 induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via modification and inactivation of Sp1, resulting in reduced expression of epidermal growth factor receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tatsukawa
- Molecular Ligand Biology Research Team, Chemical Genomics Research Group, Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Saiki R, Park H, Ishii I, Yoshida M, Nishimura K, Toida T, Tatsukawa H, Kojima S, Ikeguchi Y, Pegg AE, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K. Brain infarction correlates more closely with acrolein than with reactive oxygen species. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 404:1044-9. [PMID: 21187074 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.12.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although it is thought that the major factor responsible for cell damage is reactive oxygen species (ROS), our recent studies have shown that acrolein is more toxic than ROS. Thus, the relative importance of acrolein and ROS in cell damage during brain infarction was compared using photochemically induced thrombosis model mice. The levels of acrolein-conjugated albumin, and of 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE)-conjugated albumin and 8-OHdG were evaluated as indicators of damage produced by acrolein and ROS, respectively. The increase in acrolein-conjugated albumin was much greater than the increase in HNE-conjugated albumin or 8-OHdG, suggesting that acrolein is more strongly involved in cell damage than ROS during brain infarction. It was also shown that infarction led more readily to RNA damage than to DNA or phospholipid damage. As a consequence, polyamines were released from RNA, and acrolein was produced from polyamines, especially from spermine by spermine oxidase. Production of acrolein from spermine by spermine oxidase was clarified using spermine synthase-deficient Gy mice and transglutaminase 2-knockout mice, in which spermine content is negligible or spermidine/spermine N(1)-acetyltransferase activity is elevated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryotaro Saiki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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40
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Zen K, Asai T, Tatsukawa H, Matsubara H. Coronary artery-left atrial fistula caused by feeding artery rupture in cardiac myxoma. Case Reports 2009; 2009:bcr2006090753. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr.2006.090753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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41
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42
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Yoshida K, Tatsukawa H, Ashida K, Matsubara K, Kubota Y, Uwatoko H, Ogasawara H, Katsuma Y, Kitamura K. [Pheochromocytoma with severe paralytic ileus occurred from acute pulmonary edema caused by metoclopramide]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 2001; 90:1522-4. [PMID: 11573274 DOI: 10.2169/naika.90.1522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto
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43
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Kondo M, Kawata K, Azuma A, Yamada H, Kohno H, Yagi T, Sawada T, Tatsukawa H, Sugihara H, Nakagawa M. Relationship between coronary blood flow velocity waveform and transmural distribution of myocardial blood flow in coronary artery. Jpn Heart J 1999; 40:783-90. [PMID: 10737562 DOI: 10.1536/jhj.40.783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It is important to know the transmural distribution of myocardial blood flow in assessing the severity of ischemia in coronary heart disease. We analyzed the relation between phasic waveform of epicardial coronary flow velocity with a Doppler flow probe in the left anterior descending artery in dogs and regional myocardial blood flow using a colored microsphere technique. Time-velocity integral in an average of 5 cardiac cycles was measured as an index of coronary blood flow during diastole (TVId) and systole (TVIs). The diastolic fraction of coronary blood flow (%DF) was defined as TVId/(TVId + TVIs). Myocardial specimens were divided into inner (subendocardial), middle, and outer (subepicardial) layers, and the inner layer to outer layer myocardial blood flow ratio (endo/epi ratio) was used as an index of transmural distribution of myocardial perfusion. The mean endo/epi ratio and the mean %DF decreased as the pressure gradient increased. There was a moderate but significant correlation (r = 0.57) between the endo/epi ratio and the %DF. In conclusion, analysis of the phasic pattern of coronary blood flow velocity provides some information about the transmural distribution of blood flow in the myocardium. The %DF may be a useful index for evaluating subendocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kondo
- Second Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, First Red Cross Hospital, Japan
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44
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Funabiki Y, Tatsukawa H, Ashida K, Matsubara K, Kubota Y, Uwatoko H, Kitamura K. Disturbance of consciousness associated with hypophosphatemia in a chronically alcoholic patient. Intern Med 1998; 37:958-61. [PMID: 9868960 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.37.958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A 69-year-old man with chronic alcoholism was admitted to our hospital due to disturbance of consciousness and oliguria. Emergency laboratory examination revealed metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, mild liver dysfunction, acute renal failure and rhabdomyolysis. After administration of fluids and nutrients and continuous hemodiafiltration, he recovered from all signs and symptoms except for disturbance of consciousness after 7 days. Since severe hypophosphatemia persisted, we administered adequate phosphates, and then his level of consciousness normalized. We discuss the relationships among alcohol abuse, hypophosphatemia and disturbance of consciousness, and recommend that hypophosphatemia be considered a potential cause of disturbance of consciousness in alcoholic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Funabiki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto
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45
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Kohno H, Yamada H, Azuma A, Kondo M, Yagi T, Kawata K, Tatsukawa H, Sugihara H, Nakagawa M. [Measurement of coronary flow reserve using adenosine 5'-triphosphate in dogs]. J Cardiol 1998; 32:1-8. [PMID: 9739511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-triphospate (ATP) was compared with adenosine and papaverine for the measurement of coronary flow reserve in 12 anesthetized dogs. Intracoronary bolus injection of ATP (1 ml, 1-500 microM) produced a dose dependent increase in the blood flow of the left anterior descending artery, which attained the plateau at the dose of 100 microM. The ratio of peak to resting coronary flow volume (coronary flow reserve) with 100 microM of ATP (3.5 +/- 0.5) was similar to that with 200 microM of adenosine (4.0 +/- 0.7) and 50 mM of papaverine (3.7 +/- 0.8). Hemodynamic variables did not change after administration of each drug, except left ventricular regional wall motion abnormality during papaverine injection. The coronary flow reserve as measured after intracoronary ATP administration (100 microM) decreased as the grade of stenosis of the left anterior descending artery progressed. In addition, the flow reserve was similar to that of adenosine or papaverine administration at each stenosis grade. Intravenous administration of ATP (1,000 micrograms/min) caused a similar increase in coronary blood flow as intracoronary ATP injection (100 microM). However, premedication with 8-phenyltheophylline, an adenosine receptor blocker, significantly suppressed the coronary dilatory effect of intravenous ATP and intracoronary adenosine but not the effect of intracoronary ATP. These results indicate that intracoronary ATP is useful for measuring coronary flow reserve and that its coronary dilatory effect is not mediated by metabolysis to adenosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kohno
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
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46
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Affiliation(s)
- M Satoda
- Asahi University, the Division of Cardiology, Murakami Memorial Hospital, Gifu, Japan
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47
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Tsukamoto M, Terada K, Yoneyama S, Tatsukawa H, Katoh S. [Evaluation of 123I-MIBG clearance from the myocardium; comparison of two methods--SPECT & planar methods]. Kaku Igaku 1997; 34:827-30. [PMID: 9394550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigram, MIBG clearance from the heart is used to evaluate the severity of various heart diseases. There are two methods for calculating MIBG clearance. One involves planar images (planar method) and the other uses a bull's eye map (SPECT method). In 158 patients and 10 normal subjects, we compared these two methods. Fifteen minutes and 4 hours after intravenous injection of 111 MBq MIBG, planar images and SPECT images were obtained. Then clearance from the heart was calculated by each method. Abnormal increase was defined as present if clearance was more than the mean + standard deviation of 10 normal subjects. Then, we examined the sensitivity with which each method could detect clearance abnormality in 158 patients. Thirty-two patients showed abnormality only on SPECT images, while planar images alone showed abnormalities in only 5 patients. The reason the SPECT method was more sensitive than the planar method may be as follows; in the case of decreased MIBG clearance from the lung, for example, in congestive heart failure, clearance by planar method is apparently decreased. Thus, the SPECT method can detect clearance abnormality more sensitively than the planar method, and if we evaluate MIBG clearance from the heart by the planar method, we must take into account MIBG clearance from the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tsukamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Murakami Memorial Hospital, Asahi University
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48
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Terada K, Sugihara H, Tatsukawa H, Keira N, Morimoto S, Inoue K, Katoh S, Nakagawa M. [Angle of defect on 123I-MIBG myocardial SPECT]. Kaku Igaku 1997; 34:113-7. [PMID: 9095574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The quantitative assessment of infero-posterior defect on 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy was studied in 150 patients with non-ischemic heart diseases at rest. The bull's eye map, obtained from the SPECT images at 4 hours after MIBG injection, was evaluated by generating the blacked out map which exhibits regions with reduced % uptake under mean-2 SD of 13 normal controls. The blacked out regions involved infero-posterior segments and were closely resembled to the sector form. The central angle of this sector, which was named as angle of defect (AOD), significantly correlated with both the heart-to-mediastinum activity ratio (H/M) and the myocardial clearance of MIBG. Because H/M and clearance are widely used as quantitative indices in MIBG myocardial scintigraphy, these results indicate that AOD can also be used as a quantitative index of abnormal cardiac sympathetic nervous function, which is likely to appear in infero-posterior regions in non-ischemic cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Terada
- Department of Medicine, Murakami Memorial Hospital
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49
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Kondo M, Azuma A, Yamada H, Kohno H, Kawata K, Tatsukawa H, Ohnishi K, Kohno Y, Asayama J, Nakagawa M. Estimation of coronary flow reserve with the instantaneous coronary flow velocity versus pressure relation: a new index of coronary flow reserve independent of perfusion pressure. Am Heart J 1996; 132:1127-34. [PMID: 8969563 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8703(96)90455-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Our goal was to develop a new method to evaluate coronary flow reserve independent of perfusion pressure by equipping dogs with a Doppler flow probe in the left anterior descending artery. The slope of the linear portion of the velocity-pressure loop in the late diastolic phase was defined as VP slope; the hyperemic:basal ratio of the VP slope was defined as VP slope ratio, and the hyperemic:basal ratio of the mean coronary blood flow velocity was defined as coronary flow reserve (CFR). We measured VP slope ratio and CFR, altering aortic pressure by aortic banding and inferior vena cava occlusion. VP slope ratio was independent of aortic pressure, but CFR increased with increments in aortic pressure. The VP slope ratio and CFR decreased in the presence of coronary stenoses. In conclusion, VP slope ratio is considered to be a physiologic index of the severity of coronary stenosis, which is independent of perfusion pressure. This measure is easily applicable in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kondo
- Second Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan
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50
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Morimoto S, Terada K, Keira N, Satoda M, Inoue K, Tatsukawa H, Katoh S, Ida K, Sugihara H, Takeda K, Nakagawa M. Investigation of the relationship between regression of hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy and improvement of cardiac sympathetic nervous dysfunction using iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial imaging. Eur J Nucl Med 1996; 23:756-61. [PMID: 8662113 DOI: 10.1007/bf00843703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Although many theories exist on the subject, the mechanisms responsible for a reduction of hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy in response to antihypertensive therapy are still unclear. In order to investigate the relationship between regression of hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac nervous function, we studied ten patients with untreated essential hypertension (six men and four women, 62+/-12 years old). Both echocardiography and iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial imaging were performed before and after antihypertensive therapy. Left ventricular mass (LVM) was significantly reduced in conjunction with the reduction of blood pressure following treatment. MIBG myocardial images showed that the heart-to-mediastinum activity ratio (H/M) was significantly increased while the washout ratio was significantly decreased. Patients were divided into two groups according to the ratio of the LVM values before and after therapy (LVM ratio). Patients with an LVM ratio of less than 0.75 were classified as group A and those with values higher than 0.75 as group B. Neither the change in blood pressure nor the length of treatment was significantly different between these two groups. On the other hand, both the increase in H/M and the decrease in the washout ratio were significantly greater in group A than in group B. These results indicate that an improvement in cardiac sympathetic nervous function may be related to the regression of hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy. Increasing the subject base in these studies and a more precise analysis of the relevance of the data obtained from MIBG myocardial images are recommended to clarify how changes in cardiac sympathetic nervous function relate to the regression of hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Morimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Murakami Memorial Hospital, Asahi University, Gifu, Japan
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