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Guerrero-Hernández J, Bobes RJ, García-Varela M, Castellanos-Gonzalez A, Laclette JP. Identification and functional characterization of the siRNA pathway in Taenia crassiceps by silencing Enolase A. Acta Trop 2022; 225:106197. [PMID: 34688628 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A gene silencing procedure on cysticerci of the taeniid cestode Taenia crassiceps is described. This is the first time this technique is reported in this species that is widely used as an animal model for human cysticercosis. Genome database searches were performed in order to find out if relevant genes involved in gene silencing and non-coding RNA processing, Argonaute and Dicer (AGO and Dcr) are present in T. crassiceps. We found three AGO and two Dcr orthologues that were designed TcAGO1, Tc2 and Tc3, as well as TcDcr1 and TcDcr2. In order to elucidate the evolutionary relationships of T. crassiceps TcAGO and TcDcr genes, separate phylogenetic analyses were carried out for each, including AGO and Dcr orthologues of other 20 platyhelminthes. Our findings showed a close phylogenetic relationship of TcAGO and TcDcr with those previously described for Echinococcus spp. Our RT-PCR studies demonstrated expression of all TcAGO and TcDcr orthologues. Our results show that the gene silencing machinery in T. crassiceps is functionally active by inducing silencing of TcEnoA (∼90%). These results clearly show that gene silencing using siRNAs can be used as a molecular methodology to study gene function in taeniid cestodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Guerrero-Hernández
- Biomedical Research Institute. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, 04510, Coyoacán, Cd. de México, México
| | - Raúl J Bobes
- Biomedical Research Institute. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, 04510, Coyoacán, Cd. de México, México
| | - Martín García-Varela
- Biology Institute. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Coyoacán, Cd. de México, México
| | - Alejandro Castellanos-Gonzalez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, United States; Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, United States..
| | - Juan P Laclette
- Biomedical Research Institute. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, 04510, Coyoacán, Cd. de México, México.
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2
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Han XM, Zhang XY, Jian YN, Tian QS. Taenia saginata Infection Misdiagnosed as Acute Cholecystitis in a Tibetan Patient, in China. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2021; 59:311-317. [PMID: 34218604 PMCID: PMC8255498 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.3.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study reports a rare case of Taenia saginata infection, which was initially diagnosed as acute cholecystitis in a Tibetan patient at the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau pastoral area, China. A 45-year-old female was initially diagnosed with acute cholecystitis at a hospital in China. She had a slight fever, weight loss and constipation and complained of pain in the upper abdomen and left back areas. Increase of monocyte, eosinophil and basophil levels were shown. Taenia sp. eggs were detected in a fecal examination. An adult tapeworm approximately 146 cm in length, whitish-yellow color, was collected from the patient after treatment with traditional Chinese medicine. The adult tapeworm had a scolex and proglottids with genital pores. The scolex was rectangular shape with 4 suckers and rostellum without hooklet. The cox1 gene sequence shared 99.5-99.8% homology with that of T. saginata from other regions in China. The patient was diagnosed finally infected with T. saginata by morphological and molecular charateristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Min Han
- Clinical Research Institute of Hydatid Disease, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining 810007,
China
| | - Xue-Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016,
China
| | - Ying-Na Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016,
China
| | - Qing-Shan Tian
- Clinical Research Institute of Hydatid Disease, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining 810007,
China
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Senephansiri P, Thongseesuksai T, Sithay P, Laymanivong S, Boonmar T, Laummaunwai P. Current status of Opisthorchis viverrini, minute intestinal fluke and Taenia spp. infections among inhabitants in the Kenethao district of northern Lao PDR. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2020; 114:397-400. [DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traa012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
This study reports the prevalence of Ov/minute intestinal fluke (MIF) and Taenia infections among inhabitants of the Kenethao district, northern Lao PDR.
Methods
Fecal samples from 580 inhabitants were examined using the formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique.
Results
The prevalence of Ov/MIF, Taenia spp. and coinfection was 45.3, 11.9 and 6.1%, respectively. There was no significant difference between males and females for Ov/MIF (p=0.813) and Taenia infection (p=0.759). The prevalence of Ov/MIF was significantly associated with age (p=0.005), but not for Taenia infection (p=0.836). Consumption of raw fish (p=0.001) and raw meat (p=0.046) was significantly associated with parasitic infections.
Conclusions
The results suggest that Ov/MIF and Taenia spp. are highly endemic in this area and there is a need for projects to eliminate these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phasouk Senephansiri
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Phaviny Sithay
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sakhone Laymanivong
- Center of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Ministry of Health, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR
| | - Thidarut Boonmar
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Porntip Laummaunwai
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Eom KS, Rim HJ, Jeon HK. Taenia asiatica: Historical overview of taeniasis and cysticercosis with molecular characterization. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2020; 108:133-173. [PMID: 32291084 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Asian Taenia is a human-infecting Taenia tapeworm known as Taenia asiatica following morphological examination of adult and larval stages of the tapeworm by Eom and Rim (1993). The life cycle of T. asiatica differs from that of T. saginata in its intermediate host (pigs versus cattle) as well as in the infected organs (liver versus muscle). T. asiatica can be differentiated from T. solium and T. saginata by examination of morphological characteristics such as the scolex, mature and gravid proglottids in the adult stage, and the scolex and bladder surface in the larval stage. T. asiatica has been identified in Korea, Taiwan, the Philippines, China, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, Japan, Lao PDR, Nepal and India. The molecular tools employed for T. asiatica identification have been developed to differentiate T. asiatica from other human-infecting Taenia tapeworms based on genetic information such as nucleotide sequence of mitochondrial genes, nuclear ribosomal genes and nuclear genes that lead to development of the subsequent molecular techniques, such as PCR-RFLP, PCR-RAPD, BESST-base, LAMP and qPCR. Investigation of the phylogenetic relationships among human Taenia species revealed that T. asiatica is a sister species with T. saginata, which is genetically more similar than other Taenia species in terms of the nucleotide sequences of cox1, nad1 and 28S rDNA. The mitochondrial genomes of human Taenia tapeworms comprise 13,703bp (T. asiatica), 13,670bp (T. saginata) and 13,709bp (T. solium), and contain 36 genes including 12 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs, a small and a large subunit), and 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs). Sequence differences in the full genome of T. asiatica and T. saginata mitochondria is 4.6%, while T. solium differs by 11%. Hox gene orthology in T. asiatica was established by comparative analysis with Platyhelminthes Hox genes. T. asiatica Hox revealed six Hox orthologs including two lab/Hox1, two Hox3, one Dfd/Hox4 and one Lox/Lox4. Hybridization between T. asiatica and T. saginata was definitely observed in these species which are sympatrically endemic in the regions of Korea, Thailand, China and Lao PDR. Comparative analyses of T. asiatica, T. saginata and T. solium genomes were also reported with genome features. Taenia asiaticus nomen novum was proposed for T. asiaticaEom and Rim, 1993 which is a homonym of T. asiatica Linstow, 1901 (Davaineidae).
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Affiliation(s)
- Keeseon S Eom
- Department of Parasitology, Parasite Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea.
| | - Han-Jong Rim
- Department of Parasitology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeong-Kyu Jeon
- Department of Parasitology, Parasite Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea
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Recent advances in nucleic acid-based methods for detection of helminth infections and the perspective of biosensors for future development. Parasitology 2019; 147:383-392. [PMID: 31840627 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182019001665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic helminth infections are responsible for severe health problems and economic losses worldwide. Timely and accurate diagnosis of helminth infections is critical for adopting suitable strategies for pathogen control. Here, we review recent advances in nucleic acid-based diagnostic methods, including polymerase chain reaction, quantitative qPCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification and recombinase polymerase amplification, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages for diagnosing helminth infections. In addition, we highlight recent advances in biosensors for the detection of nucleic acid biomarkers that can potentially be used for the diagnosis of helminth infection.
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Kim HU, Chung YB. A Case of Taenia asiatica Infection Diagnosed by Colonoscopy. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2017; 55:65-69. [PMID: 28285508 PMCID: PMC5365257 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2017.55.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A case of Taenia asiatica infection detected by small bowel series and colonoscopy is described. The patient was a 42-year-old Korean man accompanied by discharge of movable proglottids via anus. He used to eat raw pig liver but seldom ate beef. Small bowel series radiologic examinations showed flat tape-like filling defects on the ileum. By colonoscopy, a moving flat tapeworm was observed from the terminal ileum to the ascending colon. The tapeworm was identified as T. asiatica by mitochondrial DNA sequencing. The patient was prescribed with a single oral dose (16 mg/kg) of praziquantel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heung Up Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju 63241, Korea
| | - Young-Bae Chung
- Department of Parasitology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju 63241, Korea
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Collender PA, Kirby AE, Addiss DG, Freeman MC, Remais JV. Methods for Quantification of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Environmental Media: Current Techniques and Recent Advances. Trends Parasitol 2015; 31:625-639. [PMID: 26440788 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Limiting the environmental transmission of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), which infect 1.5 billion people worldwide, will require sensitive, reliable, and cost-effective methods to detect and quantify STHs in the environment. We review the state-of-the-art of STH quantification in soil, biosolids, water, produce, and vegetation with regard to four major methodological issues: environmental sampling; recovery of STHs from environmental matrices; quantification of recovered STHs; and viability assessment of STH ova. We conclude that methods for sampling and recovering STHs require substantial advances to provide reliable measurements for STH control. Recent innovations in the use of automated image identification and developments in molecular genetic assays offer considerable promise for improving quantification and viability assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Collender
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amy E Kirby
- Center for Global Safe Water, Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Matthew C Freeman
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Justin V Remais
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Eom KS, Park H, Lee D, Choe S, Kim KH, Jeon HK. Mitochondrial Genome Sequences of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens (Cestoidea: Diphyllobothriidae). THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2015; 53:455-63. [PMID: 26323844 PMCID: PMC4566511 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2015.53.4.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study was performed to compare the mitochondrial genomes between 2 Spirometra tapeworms, Spirometra erinaceieuropaei and Spirometra decipiens (Cestoidea: Diphyllobothriidae), which larval stages are important etiological agents of sparganosis in humans. For each species, the full mitochondrial genome was amplified in 8 overlapping fragments using total genomic DNA purified from a single worm as the template. The mitochondrial genomes were 13,643 bp (S. erinaceieuropaei) and 13,641 bp (S. decipiens) in length and contained 36 genes; 12 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA, small and large subunits), and 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs). The 12 protein-coding genes constituted 10,083 bp (S. erinaceieuropaei) and 10,086 bp (S. decipiens) of their respective mitochondrial genomes. The tRNA genes, ranging in length from 56 to 70 bp, were identified based on putative secondary structures such as the typical cloverleaf shape. A total of 23 intergenic sequences, varying from 1 to 204 bp in size, were interspersed in S. erinaceieuropaei (total, 504 bp) and S. decipiens (total, 496 bp) mtDNA. The 12 protein-coding genes of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens differed by 12.4%, whereas the overall difference in mtDNA sequence between S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens was 12.9%. Thus, from the standpoint of the mitochondrial genome, S. decipiens represents a valid species that can be distinguished from S. erinaceieuropaei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keeseon S Eom
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 362-763, Korea
| | - Hansol Park
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 362-763, Korea
| | - Dongmin Lee
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 362-763, Korea
| | - Seongjun Choe
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 362-763, Korea
| | - Kyu-Heon Kim
- Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju 361-709, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Kyu Jeon
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 362-763, Korea
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Thanchomnang T, Tantrawatpan C, Intapan PM, Sanpool O, Janwan P, Lulitanond V, Tourtip S, Yamasaki H, Maleewong W. Rapid molecular identification of human taeniid cestodes by pyrosequencing approach. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100611. [PMID: 24945530 PMCID: PMC4063941 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Taenia saginata, T. solium, and T. asiatica are causative agents of taeniasis in humans. The difficulty of morphological identification of human taeniids can lead to misdiagnosis or confusion. To overcome this problem, several molecular methods have been developed, but use of these tends to be time-consuming. Here, a rapid and high-throughput pyrosequencing approach was developed for the identification of three human taeniids originating from various countries. Primers targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene of the three Taenia species were designed. Variations in a 26-nucleotide target region were used for identification. The reproducibility and accuracy of the pyrosequencing technology was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. This technique will be a valuable tool to distinguish between sympatric human taeniids that occur in Thailand, Asia and Pacific countries. This method could potentially be used for the molecular identification of the taeniid species that might be associated with suspicious cysts and lesions, or cyst residues in humans or livestock at the slaughterhouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongjit Thanchomnang
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Chairat Tantrawatpan
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Pewpan M. Intapan
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Oranuch Sanpool
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Penchom Janwan
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Viraphong Lulitanond
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Hiroshi Yamasaki
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wanchai Maleewong
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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Rasamoelina-Andriamanivo H, Porphyre V, Jambou R. Control of cysticercosis in Madagascar: beware of the pitfalls. Trends Parasitol 2013; 29:538-47. [PMID: 24145061 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Taenia solium cysticercosis is a zoonosis of public health importance in areas where the disease is endemic, with significant economic impacts on human health and the swine industry. Several gaps remain in the epidemiology of the parasite and the strategies of control in developing countries. We detail the key factors to consider in Madagascar in terms of the porcine husbandry system, Taenia transmission cycle, and diagnosis of cysticercosis in pigs, in order to better estimate the sanitary and economic impacts of this parasitic disease as well as to define an integrated control program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harentsoaniaina Rasamoelina-Andriamanivo
- FOFIFA, Département de Recherches Zootechniques et Vétérinaires, Antananarivo, Madagascar; Département Vétérinaire, Faculté de Médecine, Antananarivo, Madagascar
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