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Seo H, Lubis ADM, Lee S. A Novel Specific Single-Chain Variable Fragment Diagnostic System for Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:979-990. [PMID: 36071349 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), one of the most important viral marine pathogens worldwide, has a broad range of hosts, such as members of the families Salmonidae and Paralichthyidae. In addition to being highly contagious, VHSV causes high lethality. The transmission of VHSV can be both vertical and horizontal. In fish, the resolution of VHSV infection is challenging. Thus, early diagnosis of VHSV infections is critical, especially in fish farms that have a high population of juvenile fish. Serological methods are commonly used to detect viral antigens. However, limited serological methods are available for marine viruses. In this study, a VHSV-specific single-chain variable fragment (scFv), E5, was selected using the yeast surface display and phage display systems. scFv, a type of recombinant antibody, comprises a variable heavy chain ([Formula: see text]) and a variable light chain ([Formula: see text]) connected by a polypeptide linker. An scFv clone was selected from the VHSV glycoprotein-expressing yeast cells using the bio-panning method. The scFv-encoding gene was subcloned and expressed in the Escherichia coli expression system. The binding affinity of the expressed and purified scFv protein was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting. Thus, this study reported a method to identify VHSV-specific scFv using bio-panning that can be utilized to develop a diagnostic system for other viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneul Seo
- Celtech Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Andre Ditya Maulana Lubis
- Celtech Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Celtech Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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Seong MS, Jang EA, Kim J, Kim WJ, Cheong J. A single amino acid variation of NV protein of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus increases protein stability and decreases immune gene expression. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 116:84-90. [PMID: 34214656 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) causes severe mortality among more than 90 fish species. The 11 kb viral genome encodes six proteins including nonvirion protein (NV). In previous study, we reported that NV gene variations of VHSV decrease cellular energy metabolism. Among several NV mutant proteins, NV-S56L showed the highest cellular energy deprivation. Based on this finding, we further examined a molecular mechanism of one amino acid (S56L) change on differential cellular dysregulation. In the fish cells, the NV-S56L protein showed an increased level of cellular expression than normal and other mutant NV proteins without change of mRNA expression. Using cycloheximide treatment for exclude de novo NV protein expression, NV-S56L had an extensive half-life of intracellular protein. The proteasome inhibitor, MG-132, treatment recovered the all NV protein levels. The ubiquitination of NV was increased in the treatment of MG132 via inhibition of the ubiquitin/proteasome system process. Finally, increased protein stability of NV-S56L led to downregulation of NF-κB response immune gene expression. These results indicate that the prolonged protein stabilization of NV protein variant (NV-S56L) increases its pathological duration and might eventually lead to high virulence activity in the host fish cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi So Seong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ah Jang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Julan Kim
- Fish Genetics and Breeding Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Geoje, 53334, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Kim
- East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gangneung, 25435, Republic of Korea
| | - JaeHun Cheong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Alencar ALF, Kwon SR, Rasmussen TB, Mérour E, Olesen NJ, Cuenca A. Modifications of the nucleoprotein of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus showed gain of virulence in intraperitoneally infected rainbow trout. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2021; 44:1369-1383. [PMID: 34002876 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) is the cause of an important listed disease in European rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) aquaculture and can be present in a wide range of fish species, including marine fish, which can act as viral reservoir. Recent studies revealed putative genetic virulence markers of VHSV to rainbow trout highlighting the roles of the nucleoprotein, phosphoprotein and non-virion protein. Using reverse genetics, we produced recombinant viruses by introducing parts of or the entire nucleoprotein from a high-virulent isolate VHSV into a low-virulent backbone. Furthermore, we also made recombinant viruses by introducing residue modifications in the nucleoprotein that seem to play a role in virulence. Rainbow trout challenged with these recombinant viruses (rVHSVs) by intraperitoneal injection (IP) developed clinical signs and showed lower survival when compared to the parental rVHSV whereas fish challenged by immersion did not show clinical signs except for the high-virulent control. The mutations did not influence the viral growth in cell culture. The recombinant viruses and parental recombinant were unable to replicate and show cytopathic effect in EPC cells whereas the high-virulent control was well adapted in all the fish cell lines tested. We showed evidence that corroborates with the hypothesis that the nucleoprotein has virulence motifs associated with VHSV virulence in rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Luiza Farias Alencar
- Unit for Fish and Shellfish Diseases, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark - DTU Aqua, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Se Ryun Kwon
- Department of Aquatic Life Medical Sciences, Sunmoon University, Asan-si, Korea
| | - Thomas Bruun Rasmussen
- Department of Virus & Microbiological Special Diagnostics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emilie Mérour
- VIM, INRAE, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Université Paris Saclay, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines (UVSQ), Versailles, France
| | - Niels Jørgen Olesen
- Unit for Fish and Shellfish Diseases, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark - DTU Aqua, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Argelia Cuenca
- Unit for Fish and Shellfish Diseases, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark - DTU Aqua, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
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Lee AR, Kim H, Jeon KY, Ko EJ, Kim A, Kim N, Roh H, Lee Y, Park J, Kim DH, Choi YH, Kim S, Kim HS, Ock MS, Cha HJ. Differential proteome profile of gill and spleen in three pathogen-infected Paralichthys olivaceus. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:701-712. [PMID: 33847899 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01097-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is one of the major cultured fish species in Asia including Korea. However, the mass mortality of olive flounder caused by various pathogens leads to huge economic loss. The pathogens that lead to fish mortality include parasites, bacteria, and viruses that can cause various kinds of diseases. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the protein expression patterns in the gills and spleens of olive flounder after artificial infection. We hypothesized that proteomics levels in gills and spleen may be differentially expressed depending on infectious agents. METHODS To investigate the expression pattern of proteins in gills and spleens, olive flounders were experimentally infected with VHSV (virus), S. parauberis (bacteria), or M. avidus (pathogenic ciliate). Proteins were extracted from the gills and spleens of infected olive flounder. We used 2-DE analysis with LC-MS/MS to investigate proteome changes in infected olive flounders. RESULTS The results of the LC-MS/MS analyses showed different protein expression profiles depending on pathogenic sources and target organs. Proteins related to cytoskeletal structure like keratin, calmodulin and actin were mostly expressed in the infected gills. Proteins involved in the metabolism pathway like glycolysis were expressed mainly in the spleens. The protein profiles of S. parauberis and VHSV infection groups had many similarities, but the profile of the M. avidus infection group was greatly different in the gill and spleen. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that measures according to the characteristics of each pathogen are necessary for disease prevention and treatment of farmed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Reum Lee
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Institute for Medical Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsu Kim
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Institute for Medical Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Yoon Jeon
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Institute for Medical Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Ko
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Institute for Medical Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahran Kim
- Pathology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nameun Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, 34, Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-703, Republic of Korea
| | - HyeongJin Roh
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, 34, Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonhang Lee
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, 34, Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Park
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, 34, Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, 34, Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee Sun Ock
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Institute for Medical Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Institute for Medical Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Hwang JY, Ahn SJ, Kwon MG, Seo JS, Hwang SD, Jee BY. Whole-genome next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic characterization of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus in Korea. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2020; 43:599-607. [PMID: 32166786 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Whole-genome next-generation sequencing was used to investigate the local evolution of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, a serious pathogen affecting economically important fish such as rainbow trout and turbot in Europe and olive flounder in Asia. Sequence analysis showed that all isolates were genotype IVa, but could be classified further into four subgroups (K1-K4). In addition, genomic regions encompassing the nucleoprotein, phosphoprotein, matrix protein and non-virion protein genes, as well as the seven non-coding regions, were relatively conserved, whereas glycoprotein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase genes were variable in the coding region. Taken together, the data demonstrate that whole-genome next-generation sequencing may be useful for future surveillance, prevention and control strategies against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Youn Hwang
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gijang-gun, Korea
| | - Sang Jung Ahn
- R&D Planning Team, Korea Institute of Marine Science & Technology Promotion, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mun-Gyeong Kwon
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gijang-gun, Korea
| | - Jung Soo Seo
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gijang-gun, Korea
| | - Seong Don Hwang
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gijang-gun, Korea
| | - Bo Young Jee
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gijang-gun, Korea
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The Nucleoprotein and Phosphoprotein Are Major Determinants of the Virulence of Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus in Rainbow Trout. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.00382-19. [PMID: 31270224 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00382-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), a fish rhabdovirus, infects several marine and freshwater fish species. There are many strains of VHSV that affect different fish, but some strains of one genetic subgroup have gained high virulence in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). To define the genetic basis of high virulence in trout, we used reverse genetics to create chimeric VHSVs in which viral nucleoprotein (N), P (phosphoprotein), or M (matrix protein) genes, or the N and P genes, were exchanged between a trout-virulent European VHSV strain (DK-3592B) and a trout-avirulent North American VHSV strain (MI03). Testing of the chimeric recombinant VHSV (rVHSV) by intraperitoneal injection in juvenile rainbow trout showed that exchanges of the viral P or M genes had no effect on the trout virulence phenotype of either parental strain. However, reciprocal exchanges of the viral N gene resulted in a partial gain of function in the chimeric trout-avirulent strain (22% mortality) and complete loss of virulence for the chimeric trout-virulent strain (2% mortality). Reciprocal exchanges of both the N and P genes together resulted in complete gain of function in the chimeric avirulent strain (82% mortality), again with complete loss of virulence in the chimeric trout-virulent strain (0% mortality). Thus, the VHSV N gene contains an essential determinant of trout virulence that is strongly enhanced by the viral P gene. We hypothesize that the host-specific virulence mechanism may involve increased efficiency of the viral polymerase complex when the N and P proteins have adapted to more efficient interaction with a host component from rainbow trout.IMPORTANCE Rainbow trout farming is a major food source industry worldwide that has suffered great economic losses due to host jumps of fish rhabdovirus pathogens, followed by evolution of dramatic increases in trout-specific virulence. However, the genetic determinants of host jumps and increased virulence in rainbow trout are unknown for any fish rhabdovirus. Previous attempts to identify the viral genes containing trout virulence determinants of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) have not been successful. We show here that, somewhat surprisingly, the viral nucleocapsid (N) and phosphoprotein (P) genes together contain the determinants responsible for trout virulence in VHSV. This suggests a novel host-specific virulence mechanism involving the viral polymerase and a host component. This differs from the known virulence mechanisms of mammalian rhabdoviruses based on the viral P or M (matrix) protein.
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Guðmundsdóttir S, Vendramin N, Cuenca A, Sigurðardóttir H, Kristmundsson A, Iburg TM, Olesen NJ. Outbreak of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS) in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) in Iceland caused by VHS virus genotype IV. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2019; 42:47-62. [PMID: 30397920 PMCID: PMC7379627 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) of genotype IV was isolated from wild lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus), brought to a land-based farm in Iceland, to serve as broodfish. Two groups of lumpfish juveniles, kept in tanks in the same facility, got infected. The virus isolated was identified as VHSV by ELISA and real-time RT-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis, based on the glycoprotein (G) gene sequences, may indicate a novel subgroup of VHSV genotype IV. In controlled laboratory exposure studies with this new isolate, there was 3% survival in the I.P. injection challenged group while there was 90% survival in the immersion group. VHSV was not re-isolated from fish challenged by immersion. In a cohabitation trial, lumpfish infected I.P. (shedders) were placed in tanks with naïve lumpfish as well as naïve Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). 10% of the lumpfish shedders and 43%-50% of the cohabiting lumpfish survived after 4 weeks. 80%-92% of the Atlantic salmon survived, but no viral RNA was detected by real-time RT-PCR nor VHSV was isolated from Atlantic salmon. This is the first isolation of a notifiable virus in Iceland and the first report of VHSV of genotype IV in European waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigríður Guðmundsdóttir
- Fish Disease LaboratoryInstitute for Experimental PathologyUniversity of IcelandReykjavíkIceland
| | - Niccoló Vendramin
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Fish DiseasesNational Institute for Aquatic ResourcesTechnical University of DenmarkCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Argelia Cuenca
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Fish DiseasesNational Institute for Aquatic ResourcesTechnical University of DenmarkCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Heiða Sigurðardóttir
- Fish Disease LaboratoryInstitute for Experimental PathologyUniversity of IcelandReykjavíkIceland
| | - Arni Kristmundsson
- Fish Disease LaboratoryInstitute for Experimental PathologyUniversity of IcelandReykjavíkIceland
| | - Tine Moesgaard Iburg
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Fish DiseasesNational Institute for Aquatic ResourcesTechnical University of DenmarkCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Niels Jørgen Olesen
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Fish DiseasesNational Institute for Aquatic ResourcesTechnical University of DenmarkCopenhagenDenmark
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Temperature-dependent immune response of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) infected with viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV). Genes Genomics 2017; 40:315-320. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-017-0638-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Hwang JY, Kwon MG, Jung SH, Park MA, Kim DW, Cho WS, Park JW, Son MH. RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of the olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) kidney response to vaccination with heat-inactivated viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 62:221-226. [PMID: 28108340 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) is a highly contagious disease of cultured flounder caused by VHS virus (VHSV). To develop effective VHSV vaccines, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the host's protective response against VHSV. The purpose of this study is to clarify which genes are involved in the protective response of olive flounder after VHSV vaccination. We first injected olive flounder intraperitoneally with 107 TCID50 heat-inactivated VHSV vaccine and evaluated the vaccine efficacy at 20 °C. Fish vaccinated with heat-inactivated VHSV were significantly protected compared to non-vaccinated fish, with a relative percentage survival of 83%. To analyze the vaccination-induced changes in the expression profiles of genes, kidneys were collected from control and vaccinated fish at days 1, 3, and 7 after vaccination and global gene expression profiling was carried out by RNA sequencing. The analysis revealed that 15,001 genes were differentially expressed by at least 2-fold between vaccinated fish and non-vaccinated controls. Of these, 58 genes clustered into the acute phase response, Toll-like receptor, interferon-inducible/regulatory proteins, and apoptosis pathways. These data provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective immune response of olive flounder against heat-inactivated VHSV vaccine and might aid future studies to develop a highly immunogenic vaccine against VHSV in flounder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Youn Hwang
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216 GijangHaean-Ro, Gijang-up, Gijang-Gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mun Gyeoung Kwon
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216 GijangHaean-Ro, Gijang-up, Gijang-Gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Hee Jung
- Pathology Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216 GijangHaean-Ro, Gijang-up, Gijang-Gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myoung Ae Park
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), Tongyeong 650-943, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- AllBT Co., Ltd., O1-315 Ho, Internet Business Incubation Center, Mokweon University, 88 Doanbuk-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon 302-729, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wang Sik Cho
- AllBT Co., Ltd., O1-315 Ho, Internet Business Incubation Center, Mokweon University, 88 Doanbuk-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon 302-729, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Woo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Maeng-Hyun Son
- Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216 GijangHaean-Ro, Gijang-up, Gijang-Gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea.
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Hwang JY, Kwon MG, Seo JS, Do JW, Park MA, Jung SH, Ahn SJ. Differentially expressed genes after viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus infection in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Vet Microbiol 2016; 193:72-82. [PMID: 27599933 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A strain of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) was isolated from cultured olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) during epizootics in South Korean. This strain showed high mortality to olive flounder in in vivo challenge experiment. The complete genomic RNA sequences were determined and phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequences of glycoprotein revealed that this isolate was grouped into genotype IVa of genus Novirhabdovirus. Expression profile of genes in olive flounder was analyzed at day 1 and day3 after infection with this VHSV isolate by using cDNA microarray containing olive flounder 13K cDNA clones. Microarray analysis revealed 785 up-regulated genes and 641 down-regulated genes by at least two-fold in virus-infected fish compared to healthy control groups. Among 785 up-regulated genes, we identified seven immune response-associated genes, including the interferon (IFN)-induced 56-kDa protein (IFI56), suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), interleukin 8 (IL-8), cluster of differentiation 83 (CD83), α-globin (HBA), VHSV-induced protein-6 (VHSV6), and cluster of differentiation antigen 9 (CD9). Our results confirm previous reports that even virulent strain of VHSV induces expression of genes involved in protective immunity against VHSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Youn Hwang
- Pathology Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), 216 GijangHaean-Ro, Gijang-up, Gijang-Gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Gyeong Kwon
- Pathology Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), 216 GijangHaean-Ro, Gijang-up, Gijang-Gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Soo Seo
- Pathology Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), 216 GijangHaean-Ro, Gijang-up, Gijang-Gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Wan Do
- Pathology Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), 216 GijangHaean-Ro, Gijang-up, Gijang-Gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Ae Park
- Pathology Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), 216 GijangHaean-Ro, Gijang-up, Gijang-Gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Jung
- Pathology Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), 216 GijangHaean-Ro, Gijang-up, Gijang-Gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jung Ahn
- Pathology Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), 216 GijangHaean-Ro, Gijang-up, Gijang-Gun, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea.
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Phylogenetic Analysis of Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus (VHSV) Isolates from Asia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.7847/jfp.2013.26.3.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Zhu RL, Zhang QY. Determination and analysis of the complete genome sequence of Paralichthys olivaceus rhabdovirus (PORV). Arch Virol 2013; 159:817-20. [PMID: 24142268 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1716-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Paralichthys olivaceus rhabdovirus (PORV), which is associated with high mortality rates in flounder, was isolated in China in 2005. Here, we provide an annotated sequence record of PORV, the genome of which comprises 11,182 nucleotides and contains six genes in the order 3'-N-P-M-G-NV-L-5'. Phylogenetic analysis based on glycoprotein sequences of PORV and other rhabdoviruses showed that PORV clusters with viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), genus Novirhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae. Further phylogenetic analysis of the combined amino acid sequences of six proteins of PORV and VHSV strains showed that PORV clusters with Korean strains and is closely related to Asian strains, all of which were isolated from flounder. In a comparison in which the sequences of the six proteins were combined, PORV shared the highest identity (98.3 %) with VHSV strain KJ2008 from Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, WuHan, 430072, China
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Lovy J, Piesik P, Hershberger P, Garver K. Experimental infection studies demonstrating Atlantic salmon as a host and reservoir of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus type IVa with insights into pathology and host immunity. Vet Microbiol 2013; 166:91-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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