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Yang A, Zhang J, Lv G, Chen J, Guo L, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Wang L. Chemical profiling and arginine kinase inhibitory activity of Angelica dahurica leaves. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27589. [PMID: 38509962 PMCID: PMC10950578 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Angelica dahurica is a medicinal herb of the Umbelliferae family. The dried root of A. dahurica, also known as Angelicae dahuricae Radix, is widely used in clinical treatment. However, the aboveground part of A. dahurica which accounted for over 70% of the total plant was abandoned in the field. In order to develop the value of the aboveground part of A. dahurica, the chemical constituents and arginine kinase (AK) inhibitory activity of A. dahurica leaves were studied. 85 volatile components were identified from A. dahurica leaves by GC-MS; 39 non-volatile components including sugars, amino acids and organic acids were identified by pre-column derivatization GC-MS analysis; and 7 coumarins were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by HPLC. Then, an inhibitory enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iEIA) was applied for evaluation of AK inhibitory activity. The extracts of A. dahurica leaves exhibited well inhibitory effects on AK. Further, potential AK inhibitors were screened by grey relational analysis and their inhibitory activities were validated by iEIA. l-aspartic acid exhibited strongest inhibitory effect on AK with its IC50 value was 0.558 mM, which was much lower than that of chlorpheniramine (6.644 mM). The obtained chemical profiles displayed chemical diversity of A. dahurica leaves and will provide data support for the future development and utilization of A. dahurica leaves. The screened potential AK inhibitors from A. dahurica leaves could be candidates for development of antiallergic substances or insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitong Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Junyan Zhang
- Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, 061000, China
| | - Guangying Lv
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Jiabao Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Long Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Tianjin Tasly Chinese Medicine Resources Technology Development Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yuguang Zheng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- Hebei Chemical and Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang, 050026, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
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Hoffman SS, Liang D, Hood RB, Tan Y, Terrell ML, Marder ME, Barton H, Pearson MA, Walker DI, Barr DB, Jones DP, Marcus M. Assessing Metabolic Differences Associated with Exposure to Polybrominated Biphenyl and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Michigan PBB Registry. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:107005. [PMID: 37815925 PMCID: PMC10564108 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are persistent organic pollutants with potential endocrine-disrupting effects linked to adverse health outcomes. OBJECTIVES In this study, we utilize high-resolution metabolomics (HRM) to identify internal exposure and biological responses underlying PCB and multigenerational PBB exposure for participants enrolled in the Michigan PBB Registry. METHODS HRM profiling was conducted on plasma samples collected from 2013 to 2014 from a subset of participants enrolled in the Michigan PBB Registry, including 369 directly exposed individuals (F0) who were alive when PBB mixtures were accidentally introduced into the food chain and 129 participants exposed to PBB in utero or through breastfeeding, if applicable (F1). Metabolome-wide association studies were performed for PBB-153 separately for each generation and Σ PCB (PCB-118, PCB-138, PCB-153, and PCB-180) in the two generations combined, as both had direct PCB exposure. Metabolite and metabolic pathway alterations were evaluated following a well-established untargeted HRM workflow. RESULTS Mean levels were 1.75 ng / mL [standard deviation (SD): 13.9] for PBB-153 and 1.04 ng / mL (SD: 0.788) for Σ PCB . Sixty-two and 26 metabolic features were significantly associated with PBB-153 in F0 and F1 [false discovery rate (FDR) p < 0.2 ], respectively. There were 2,861 features associated with Σ PCB (FDR p < 0.2 ). Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis using a bioinformatics tool revealed perturbations associated with Σ PCB in numerous oxidative stress and inflammation pathways (e.g., carnitine shuttle, glycosphingolipid, and vitamin B9 metabolism). Metabolic perturbations associated with PBB-153 in F0 were related to oxidative stress (e.g., pentose phosphate and vitamin C metabolism) and in F1 were related to energy production (e.g., pyrimidine, amino sugars, and lysine metabolism). Using authentic chemical standards, we confirmed the chemical identity of 29 metabolites associated with Σ PCB levels (level 1 evidence). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that serum PBB-153 is associated with alterations in inflammation and oxidative stress-related pathways, which differed when stratified by generation. We also found that Σ PCB was associated with the downregulation of important neurotransmitters, serotonin, and 4-aminobutanoate. These findings provide novel insights for future investigations of molecular mechanisms underlying PBB and PCB exposure on health. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12657.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan S. Hoffman
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Donghai Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert B. Hood
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Youran Tan
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - M. Elizabeth Marder
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Hillary Barton
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Melanie A. Pearson
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Douglas I. Walker
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dana Boyd Barr
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dean P. Jones
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michele Marcus
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Zhang YR, Li FY, Lu ZJ, Wang XF, Yan HC, Wang XQ, Gao CQ. l-Malic Acid Facilitates Stem Cell-Driven Intestinal Epithelial Renewal through the Amplification of β-Catenin Signaling by Targeting Frizzled7 in Chicks. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:13079-13091. [PMID: 37632443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
l-Malic acid (l-MA) contributes to energy metabolism and nutrient digestion, which is an alternative to antibiotics for livestock; however, it is not clear whether l-MA can replace antibiotics to promote intestinal development in chicks. To investigate the effects of l-MA on intestinal stem cells (ISCs) driving epithelial renewal, we employed in vivo chick feeding experiments, chick intestinal organoid (IO) models, and in vitro chick intestinal epithelial cell models. The results showed that the feed conversion rate and diarrhea scores were decreased with improved jejunal morphology and barrier function in the 0.5% l-MA group. l-MA promoted the proliferation and differentiation of ISCs, inhibited the cell apoptosis, increased the IO formation efficiency, surface area, budding efficiency, and number of buds, suggesting that l-MA promoted the expansion of ISCs. Furthermore, l-MA treatment dramatically upregulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the jejunum. Importantly, Wnt transmembrane receptor Frizzled7 (FZD7) mRNA abundance was increased in response to dietary 0.5% l-MA. In addition, molecular docking analysis using Autodock software and isothermal titration calorimetry revealed that l-MA binds to Lys91 of FZD7 with high affinity, indicating a spontaneous interaction. The chick intestinal epithelial cells treated with 10 μM l-MA significantly increased cell viability, and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was activated, but l-MA failed to upregulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling when treated with the FZD7-specific inhibitor Fz7-21 in chick intestinal epithelial cells, indicating that FZD7 is indispensable for l-MA activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Collectively, l-MA stimulated β-catenin signaling by targeting transmembrane receptor FZD7, which promoted ISC expansion and inhibited cell apoptosis to accelerate intestinal epithelial renewal in chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fu-Yong Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhu-Jin Lu
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Wang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui-Chao Yan
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiu-Qi Wang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chun-Qi Gao
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Fang X, Zhang J, Li Y, Song Y, Yu Y, Cai Z, Lian F, Yang J, Min J, Wang F. Malic Enzyme 1 as a Novel Anti-Ferroptotic Regulator in Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205436. [PMID: 36840630 PMCID: PMC10161122 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis has been linked to the pathogenesis of hepatic injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). However, the mechanistic basis remains unclear. In this study, by using a mouse model of hepatic I/R injury, it is observed that glutathione (GSH) and cysteine depletion are associated with deficiency of the reducing power of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). Genes involved in maintaining NADPH homeostasis are screened, and it is identified that I/R-induced hepatic ferroptosis is significantly associated with reduced expression and activity of NADP+ -dependent malic enzyme 1 (Me1). Mice with hepatocyte-specific Me1 gene deletion exhibit aggravated ferroptosis and liver injury under I/R treatment; while supplementation with L-malate, the substrate of ME1, restores NADPH and GSH levels and eventually inhibits I/R-induced hepatic ferroptosis and injury. A mechanistic study further reveals that downregulation of hepatic Me1 expression is largely mediated by the phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN)-dependent suppression of the mechanistic target of rapamycin/sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (mTOR/SREBP1) signaling pathway in hepatic I/R model. Finally, PTEN inhibitor, mTOR activator, or SREBP1 over-expression all increase hepatic NADPH, block ferroptosis, and protect liver against I/R injury. Taken together, the findings suggest that targeting ME1 may provide new therapeutic opportunities for I/R injury and other ferroptosis-related hepatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexian Fang
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - You Li
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yijing Song
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yingying Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhaoxian Cai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fuzhi Lian
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Junxia Min
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fudi Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
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Shi Y, Pu D, Zhou X, Zhang Y. Recent Progress in the Study of Taste Characteristics and the Nutrition and Health Properties of Organic Acids in Foods. Foods 2022; 11:3408. [PMID: 36360025 PMCID: PMC9654595 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic acids could improve the food flavor, maintain the nutritional value, and extend the shelf life of food. This review summarizes the detection methods and concentrations of organic acids in different foods, as well as their taste characteristics and nutritional properties. The composition of organic acids varies in different food. Fruits and vegetables often contain citric acid, creatine is a unique organic acid found in meat, fermented foods have a high content of acetic acid, and seasonings have a wide range of organic acids. Determination of the organic acid contents among different food matrices allows us to monitor the sensory properties, origin identification, and quality control of foods, and further provides a basis for food formulation design. The taste characteristics and the acid taste perception mechanisms of organic acids have made some progress, and binary taste interaction is the key method to decode multiple taste perception. Real food and solution models elucidated that the organic acid has an asymmetric interaction effect on the other four basic taste attributes. In addition, in terms of nutrition and health, organic acids can provide energy and metabolism regulation to protect the human immune and myocardial systems. Moreover, it also exhibited bacterial inhibition by disrupting the internal balance of bacteria and inhibiting enzyme activity. It is of great significance to clarify the synergistic dose-effect relationship between organic acids and other taste sensations and further promote the application of organic acids in food salt reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Shi
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China Gengeral Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dandan Pu
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China Gengeral Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xuewei Zhou
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China Gengeral Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China Gengeral Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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Metabolomics-based comparative study of breast colostrum and mature breast milk. Food Chem 2022; 384:132491. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Klein-Richers U, Heitland A, Hartmann K, Dörfelt R. Influence of acetate- vs. lactate-containing fluid bolus therapy on acid-base status, electrolytes, and plasma lactate in dogs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:903091. [PMID: 35968021 PMCID: PMC9372486 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.903091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveAcetate- and lactate-containing fluids influence the acid-base and electrolyte status. This prospective, randomized, clinical study compared two balanced crystalloid solutions regarding their influence on acid-base status, electrolytes, and lactate values, when given to dogs as a resuscitation bolus of 30 mL/kg.Material and methodsOne hundred client-owned dogs presenting to the emergency service with signs of fluid deficits were randomly assigned to receive an intravenous bolus of 30 mL/kg of either a lactate- (LAC), or an acetate-containing solution (ACET). Before and after the bolus, vital parameters were assessed, and a venous blood gas analysis was performed.ResultsBoth solutions performed equally well in decreasing the heart rate (ACET: −10 ± 27 bpm, LAC: −12 ± 30 bpm; p = 0.737). The acetate-containing solution caused a significant decrease in plasma lactate levels (p = 0.016), anion gap (p < 0.001), and potassium (p < 0.001), and a significant increase in chloride (p < 0.001), and ionized calcium (p = 0.014). The lactate-containing solution caused a significant decrease in anion gap (p < 0.001), sodium (p = 0.016), and potassium (p = 0.001), and a significant increase in chloride (p < 0.001). ACET causes a stronger decrease in plasma lactate (p = 0.015), sodium (p = 0.039), potassium (p = 0.006), and an increase in chloride (p < 0.001), and ionized calcium (p = 0.016) compared to LAC.ConclusionBoth solutions caused mild changes in electrolyte concentrations and had minor influence on acid-base status when used for bolus therapy in dogs with fluid deficits. Further studies are needed to evaluate their influence on acid-base status, lactate, and electrolytes when used in larger volumes and for a longer time span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Klein-Richers
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ute Klein-Richers
| | | | - Katrin Hartmann
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - René Dörfelt
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Pedroza-Diaz J, Arroyave-Ospina JC, Serna Salas S, Moshage H. Modulation of Oxidative Stress-Induced Senescence during Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050975. [PMID: 35624839 PMCID: PMC9137746 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is characterized by disturbed lipid metabolism and increased oxidative stress. These conditions lead to the activation of different cellular response mechanisms, including senescence. Cellular senescence constitutes an important response to injury in the liver. Recent findings show that chronic oxidative stress can induce senescence, and this might be a driving mechanism for NAFLD progression, aggravating the disturbance of lipid metabolism, organelle dysfunction, pro-inflammatory response and hepatocellular damage. In this context, the modulation of cellular senescence can be beneficial to ameliorate oxidative stress-related damage during NAFLD progression. This review focuses on the role of oxidative stress and senescence in the mechanisms leading to NAFLD and discusses the possibilities to modulate senescence as a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Pedroza-Diaz
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.P.-D.); (S.S.S.); (H.M.)
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica GI2B, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellín 050536, Colombia
| | - Johanna C. Arroyave-Ospina
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.P.-D.); (S.S.S.); (H.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sandra Serna Salas
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.P.-D.); (S.S.S.); (H.M.)
| | - Han Moshage
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.P.-D.); (S.S.S.); (H.M.)
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Zhang X, Chen M, Yan E, Wang Y, Ma C, Zhang P, Yin J. Dietary Malic Acid Supplementation Induces Skeletal Muscle Fiber-Type Transition of Weaned Piglets and Further Improves Meat Quality of Finishing Pigs. Front Nutr 2022; 8:825495. [PMID: 35145985 PMCID: PMC8821922 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.825495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate effects of dietary malic acid supplementation on skeletal muscle fiber-type transition during nursery period and the subsequent meat quality of finishing pigs. Results showed that malic acid supplementation for 28 days increased oxidative fiber percentage of weaned piglets, accompanied by the increased aerobic oxidation in serum and longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle. Additionally, activities of total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase in serum were increased. Moreover, dietary malic acid supplementation during nursery period tended to increase pH24h and significantly decreased drip loss in LT muscle of finishing pigs. The content of total saturated fatty acid (SFA) and total monounsaturated fatty acid in LT muscle was significantly decreased, whereas the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid to SFA tended to increase. Together, dietary malic acid supplementation during nursery period can effectively increase antioxidant capacity and oxidative fibers percentage of weaned piglets, and further improve water holding capacity and nutritional values of pork in finishing pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Meixia Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Enfa Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenghong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingdong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jingdong Yin
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Mani V, Mohd Azahan NS, Ramasamy K, Lim SM, Abdul Majeed AB. Mahanimbine Improved Aging-Related Memory Deficits in Mice through Enhanced Cholinergic Transmission and Suppressed Oxidative Stress, Amyloid Levels, and Neuroinflammation. Brain Sci 2021; 12:12. [PMID: 35053756 PMCID: PMC8773876 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Murraya koenigii leaves contain mahanimbine, a carbazole alkaloid, reported with improving cholinergic neuronal transmission and reducing neuroinflammation in the CNS. The current research investigated the effects of mahanimbine on age-related memory deficits, oxidative stress, cholinergic dysfunction, amyloid formation, and neuroinflammation in aged mice (16 months old). Mahanimbine was administered (1 and 2 mg/kg, p.o.) daily to groups of aged mice for 30 days. The Morris water maze (MWM) task was performed to study spatial learning (escape latency (EL) and swimming distance (SD)) and memory (probe test). The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), acetylcholine (ACh), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), β-amyloid (Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42), β-secretase (BACE-1), as well as neuroinflammation markers (total cyclooxygenase (COX) and COX-2 expression), were measured from the isolated brain. Mahanimbine reduced the EL time and SD in the MWM test. From the probe trial, the mahanimbine-treated group spent more time in the targeted quadrant related to the age-matched control, which indicated the enhancement of memory retention. From the biochemical tests, the treatment decreased MDA, AChE, Aβ1-40, and Aβ1-42, BACE-1, total COX activity, and COX-2 expression. It also raised the brain GSH and ACh levels in aged mice compared to age-matched control. These results have supported the reversal of memory dysfunctions by mahanimbine in aged mice and hypothesized that it could be a potential target to treat age-related neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudevan Mani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nur Syamimi Mohd Azahan
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group and Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (K.R.); (S.M.L.); (A.B.A.M.)
| | - Kalavathy Ramasamy
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group and Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (K.R.); (S.M.L.); (A.B.A.M.)
| | - Siong Meng Lim
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group and Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (K.R.); (S.M.L.); (A.B.A.M.)
| | - Abu Bakar Abdul Majeed
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group and Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia; (N.S.M.A.); (K.R.); (S.M.L.); (A.B.A.M.)
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11
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Zong S, Wang H, Li J, Liu J, Jin C. Chemical compositions, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of ethanol extract from Zhuke-Hulu tea. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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12
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Coley EJ, Mayer EA, Osadchiy V, Chen Z, Subramanyam V, Zhang Y, Hsiao EY, Gao K, Bhatt R, Dong T, Vora P, Naliboff B, Jacobs JP, Gupta A. Early life adversity predicts brain-gut alterations associated with increased stress and mood. Neurobiol Stress 2021; 15:100348. [PMID: 34113697 PMCID: PMC8170500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the brain-gut system have been implicated in various disease states, but little is known about how early-life adversity (ELA) impacts development and adult health as mediated by brain-gut interactions. We hypothesize that ELA disrupts components of the brain-gut system, thereby increasing susceptibility to disordered mood. In a sample of 128 healthy adult participants, a history of ELA and current stress, depression, and anxiety were assessed using validated questionnaires. Fecal metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic profiling. Functional brain connectivity was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. Sparse partial least squares-discriminant analysis, controlling for sex, body mass index, age, and diet was used to predict brain-gut alterations as a function of ELA. ELA was correlated with four gut-regulated metabolites within the glutamate pathway (5-oxoproline, malate, urate, and glutamate gamma methyl ester) and alterations in functional brain connectivity within primarily sensorimotor, salience, and central executive networks. Integrated analyses revealed significant associations between these metabolites, functional brain connectivity, and scores for perceived stress, anxiety, and depression. This study reveals a novel association between a history of ELA, alterations in the brain-gut axis, and increased vulnerability to negative mood and stress. Results from the study raise the hypothesis that select gut-regulated metabolites may contribute to the adverse effects of critical period stress on neural development via pathways related to glutamatergic excitotoxicity and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena J.L. Coley
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Emeran A. Mayer
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, University of California, Los Angeles, USA,David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA,Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Los Angeles, CA, USA,UCLA Microbiome Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vadim Osadchiy
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, University of California, Los Angeles, USA,David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA,Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zixi Chen
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Vishvak Subramanyam
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Yurui Zhang
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Elaine Y. Hsiao
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA,UCLA Microbiome Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kan Gao
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Nanjing Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Ravi Bhatt
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, University of California, Los Angeles, USA,Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tien Dong
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, University of California, Los Angeles, USA,David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA,Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Los Angeles, CA, USA,UCLA Microbiome Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Priten Vora
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Bruce Naliboff
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, University of California, Los Angeles, USA,David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA,Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan P. Jacobs
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA,Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Los Angeles, CA, USA,UCLA Microbiome Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arpana Gupta
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, University of California, Los Angeles, USA,David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA,Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Los Angeles, CA, USA,UCLA Microbiome Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Corresponding author. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA CHS, 42-210 MC737818 10833 Le Conte Avenue, USA.
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13
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Yang H, Du L, Zhang Z. Potential biomarkers in septic shock besides lactate. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:1066-1072. [PMID: 32276542 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220919076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Elevated lactate has been commonly considered as a biomarker and a useful prognostic tool for resuscitation in septic shock, facilitating physician more rapid intervention and treatment. However, it can be initiated by hypoxia, but persistent hyperlactatemia may not represent persistent hypoxia only. In the article, it is the first time to review potential biomarkers in septic shock from the point of view of energy metabolism including intermediates of TCA cycle, MAS, the NAD+/NADH ratio, NAD+, NADH, malate, and MDH. And the combination of lactate and MDH is also proposed in septic shock for the first time, as MDH in cytoplasm and mitochondria participates in both MAS and TCA cycle for ATP generation. Its feasibility in clinic has been analyzed at the end, although related research is still limited. It is reasonable the combination of lactate and MDH will be more comprehensive to reflex hypoxia in septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Linlin Du
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Zhaocai Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
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14
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Zhao J, Tian F, Yan S, Zhai Q, Zhang H, Chen W. Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM10 alleviating oxidative stress and restoring the gut microbiota in d-galactose-induced aging mice. Food Funct 2018; 9:917-924. [PMID: 29313548 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01574g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and its correlation with degenerative diseases have been attracting wide attention. In the present study, Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) CCFM10 and RS15-3 were examined for their abilities to resist oxidative stress in d-galactose (d-gal)-exposed mice. Both strains significantly reversed the changes of hepatic total antioxidant capacity, catalase activity and glutathione content induced by d-gal. The antioxidative abilities of CCFM10 were higher than those of RS15-3. Moreover, the composition of the mice microbiota was changed by d-gal injection, which was characterized by the up-regulated ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus reduced and the proportion of one genus of Clostridiales increased. However, in probiotic groups, the composition of the microbiota was similar to that of the control group at the phylum and the genus levels, suggesting that probiotic administration can restore the microbiota. Our study suggests that the protective effects of L. plantarum strains on the host microbiota could be one of the mechanisms of their resistance to oxidative stress. Besides this, through comparing the antioxidative capacity of two strains, we also found that the antioxidative capacity of L. plantarum might be strain-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
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15
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Li D, Zhou L, Wang Q, He Y. Determination of organic acids for quality evaluation in Coptis herbs by ion chromatography. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:285. [PMID: 29881663 PMCID: PMC5986664 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1300-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Coptis herbs are important herbal medicinal materials. The bioactive composition, the quality and medicinal efficacy of these herbs, are determined significantly by their geo-authentic features. Among the effective components of these herbs are seven organic acids (quinic, acetic, formic, tartaric, malic, succinic, and oxalic acids). However, no quantitative data of these seven acids in these herbs are available. Therefore, we developed a method for simultaneous separation and determination of the seven organic acids in Coptis herbs using gradient ion chromatography (mobile phase and gradient were shown in Table 1). The seven acids were separated and determined in no more than 35 min. We found that the organic acid levels in C. teeta was obviously higher than in C. chinensis and C. deltoidea, in particular, the content of quinic acid in C. teeta was about eight times than that in C. chinensis and C. deltoidea. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationships between the contents of organic acids and clinical effects, and found that organic acids (content of total acids or content of quinic acid) could act as an reference ingredient for quality evaluation in Coptis herbs. Our studies would lay the foundation for effective quality evaluation of these herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Li
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Lili Zhou
- National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Chengdu, 610021 China
| | - Qingwei Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Yang He
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
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16
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Wang Y, Huang Y, Yang J, Zhou FQ, Zhao L, Zhou H. Pyruvate is a prospective alkalizer to correct hypoxic lactic acidosis. Mil Med Res 2018; 5:13. [PMID: 29695298 PMCID: PMC5918562 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-018-0160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type A lactic acidosis resulted from hypoxic mitochondrial dysfunction is an independent predictor of mortality for critically ill patients. However, current therapeutic agents are still in shortage and can even be harmful. This paper reviewed data regarding lactic acidosis treatment and recommended that pyruvate might be a potential alkalizer to correct type A lactic acidosis in future clinical practice. Pyruvate is a key energy metabolic substrate and a pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activator with several unique beneficial biological properties, including anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and the ability to activate the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α) - erythropoietin (EPO) signal pathway. Pyruvate preserves glucose metabolism and cellular energetics better than bicarbonate, lactate, acetate and malate in the efficient correction of hypoxic lactic acidosis and shows few side effects. Therefore, application of pyruvate may be promising and safe as a novel therapeutic strategy in hypoxic lactic acidosis correction accompanied with multi-organ protection in critical care patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ya Huang
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.,Department of Transfusion, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, 572013, Hainan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Fang-Qiang Zhou
- Fresenius Dialysis Centers at Chicago, Rolling Meadows Facility, Chicago, IL, 60008, USA.,Shanghai Sandai Pharmaceutical R&D Co, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lian Zhao
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Hong Zhou
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
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17
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Panov A, Orynbayeva Z. Determination of mitochondrial metabolic phenotype through investigation of the intrinsic inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase. Anal Biochem 2017; 552:30-37. [PMID: 29042133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Many diseases are accompanied by systemic or organ metabolic abnormalities. Therefore, investigation of the roles of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of major diseases requires a methodology that reflects the characteristics of mitochondrial metabolism particular for the organ of origin. We provide evidence that for brain and heart mitochondria the intrinsic inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is a key mechanism for attenuation of mitochondrial respiration and energy production in response to the organ's energy needs. This mechanism also serves to minimize the production of reactive oxygen species when the organ is at rest. Changes in the organ's workloads are accompanied by changes in metabolites that are used by mitochondria as substrates and for modification of energy production at the SDH level. Measurement of the respiratory activity of mitochondria with various substrates and substrate mixtures and use of bovine serum albumin as an SDH inhibitor will be useful for evaluation of metabolic phenotype at the mitochondrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Panov
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia.
| | - Zulfiya Orynbayeva
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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18
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Nye-Wood MG, Spraggins JM, Caprioli RM, Schey KL, Donaldson PJ, Grey AC. Spatial distributions of glutathione and its endogenous conjugates in normal bovine lens and a model of lens aging. Exp Eye Res 2016; 154:70-78. [PMID: 27838309 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is the archetypal antioxidant, and plays a central role in the protection of the ocular lens from cataract formation. High levels of GSH are maintained in the transparent lens, but with advancing age, GSH levels fall in the lens nucleus relative to outer cortical cells, thereby exposing the nucleus of the lens to the damaging effects of oxygen radicals, which ultimately leads to age-related nuclear (ARN) cataract. Under normal conditions, GSH also forms endogenous conjugates to detoxify the lens of reactive cellular metabolites and to maintain cell homeostasis. Due to the intrinsic gradient of lens fibre cell age, the lens contains distinct regions with different metabolic requirements for GSH. To investigate the impact of fibre cell and lens aging on the varied roles that GSH plays in the lens, we have utilised high mass resolution MALDI mass spectrometry profiling and imaging analysis of lens tissue sections. High Dynamic Range (HDR)-MALDI FTICR mass spectrometry was used as an initial screening method to detect regional differences in lens metabolites from normal bovine lenses and in those subjected to hyperbaric oxygen as a model of lens aging. Subsequent MALDI imaging analysis was used to spatially map GSH and its endogenous conjugates throughout all lenses. Accurate mass measurement by MALDI FTICR analysis and LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry of lens region homogenates were subsequently used to identify endogenous GSH conjugates. While the distribution and relative abundance of GSH-related metabolic intermediates involved in detoxification pathways remained relatively unchanged upon HBO treatment, those involved in its antioxidant function were altered under conditions of oxidative stress. For example, reduced glutathione levels were decreased in the lens cortex while oxidised glutathione levels were elevated in the lens outer cortex upon HBO treatment. Interestingly, cysteineglutathione disulfide, was detected in the inner cortex of the normal lens, but was greatly decreased in the HBO-treated lenses. These results contribute to our understanding of the multiple roles that GSH plays in maintenance of lens transparency and in the age-related metabolic changes that lead to lens cataract formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey M Spraggins
- Mass Spectrometry Research Centre, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Richard M Caprioli
- Mass Spectrometry Research Centre, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kevin L Schey
- Mass Spectrometry Research Centre, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paul J Donaldson
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Angus C Grey
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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19
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L-Malate's Plasma and Excretion Profile in the Treatment of Moderate and Severe Hemorrhagic Shock in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:5237148. [PMID: 27403429 PMCID: PMC4925959 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5237148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction. Malate is a standard component in fluid therapy within a wide range of medical applications. To date, there are insufficient data regarding its plasma distribution, renal excretion, and metabolism after infusion. This study aimed to investigate these three aspects in a rat model of moderate and severe hemorrhagic shock (HS). Methods. Male Wistar rats were subjected to HS by dropping the mean arterial blood pressure to 25-30 mmHg (severe) and 40-45 mmHg (moderate), respectively, for 60 minutes. Subsequently, reperfusion with Ringer-saline or a malate containing crystalloid solution (7 mM, 13.6 mM, and 21 mM, resp.) was performed within 30 minutes, followed by an observation period of 150 minutes. Results. In the present experiments, malate rapidly disappeared from the blood, while only 5% of the infused malate was renally excreted. In the resuscitation interval the urinary citrate and succinate amounts significantly increased compared to control. Conclusion. Malate's half-life is between 30 and 60 minutes in both, moderate and severe HS. Thus, even under traumatic conditions malate seems to be subjected to rapid metabolism with participation of the kidneys.
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20
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Protective Effects of L-Malate against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:3803657. [PMID: 26941825 PMCID: PMC4752987 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3803657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To investigate the protective effects of L-malate against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: sham (sham), an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model group (model), an DMF pretreated group (DMF), and 5 L-malate pretreated groups (15, 60, 120, 240, or 480 mg/kg, gavage) before inducing myocardial ischemia. Plasma LDH, cTn-I, TNF-α, hs-CRP, SOD, and GSH-PX were measured 3 h later I/R. Areas of myocardial infarction were measured; hemodynamic parameters during I/R were recorded. Hearts were harvested and Western blot was used to quantify Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1, and NQO-1 expression in the myocardium. Results. L-malate significantly reduced LDH and cTn-I release, reduced myocardial infarct size, inhibited expression of inflammatory cytokines, and partially preserved heart function, as well as increasing antioxidant activity after myocardial I/R injury. Western blot confirmed that L-malate reduced Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 in ischemic myocardial tissue, upregulated expression of Nrf2 and Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and increased expression of heme oxygenase-1 and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, which are major targets of Nrf2. Conclusions. L-malate may protect against myocardial I/R injury in rats and this may be associated with activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant pathway.
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Bui-Nguyen TM, Baer CE, Lewis JA, Yang D, Lein PJ, Jackson DA. Dichlorvos exposure results in large scale disruption of energy metabolism in the liver of the zebrafish, Danio rerio. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:853. [PMID: 26499117 PMCID: PMC4619386 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1941-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to dichlorvos (DDVP), an organophosphorus pesticide, is known to result in neurotoxicity as well as other metabolic perturbations. However, the molecular causes of DDVP toxicity are poorly understood, especially in cells other than neurons and muscle cells. To obtain a better understanding of the process of non-neuronal DDVP toxicity, we exposed zebrafish to different concentrations of DDVP, and investigated the resulting changes in liver histology and gene transcription. Results Functional enrichment analysis of genes affected by DDVP exposure identified a number of processes involved in energy utilization and stress response in the liver. The abundance of transcripts for proteins involved in glucose metabolism was profoundly affected, suggesting that carbon flux might be diverted toward the pentose phosphate pathway to compensate for an elevated demand for energy and reducing equivalents for detoxification. Strikingly, many transcripts for molecules involved in β-oxidation and fatty acid synthesis were down-regulated. We found increases in message levels for molecules involved in reactive oxygen species responses as well as ubiquitination, proteasomal degradation, and autophagy. To ensure that the effects of DDVP on energy metabolism were not simply a consequence of poor feeding because of neuromuscular impairment, we fasted fish for 29 or 50 h and analyzed liver gene expression in them. The patterns of gene expression for energy metabolism in fasted and DDVP-exposed fish were markedly different. Conclusion We observed coordinated changes in the expression of a large number of genes involved in energy metabolism and responses to oxidative stress. These results argue that an appreciable part of the effect of DDVP is on energy metabolism and is regulated at the message level. Although we observed some evidence of neuromuscular impairment in exposed fish that may have resulted in reduced feeding, the alterations in gene expression in exposed fish cannot readily be explained by nutrient deprivation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1941-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tri M Bui-Nguyen
- ORISE Postdoctoral Fellow, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702, USA. .,Current address: US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA.
| | | | - John A Lewis
- US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Dongren Yang
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - David A Jackson
- US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702, USA.
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Elementary Flux Mode Analysis Revealed Cyclization Pathway as a Powerful Way for NADPH Regeneration of Central Carbon Metabolism. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129837. [PMID: 26086807 PMCID: PMC4472234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
NADPH regeneration capacity is attracting growing research attention due to its important role in resisting oxidative stress. Besides, NADPH availability has been regarded as a limiting factor in production of industrially valuable compounds. The central carbon metabolism carries the carbon skeleton flux supporting the operation of NADPH-regenerating enzyme and offers flexibility in coping with NADPH demand for varied intracellular environment. To acquire an insightful understanding of its NADPH regeneration capacity, the elementary mode method was employed to compute all elementary flux modes (EFMs) of a network representative of central carbon metabolism. Based on the metabolic flux distributions of these modes, a cluster analysis of EFMs with high NADPH regeneration rate was conducted using the self-organizing map clustering algorithm. The clustering results were used to study the relationship between the flux of total NADPH regeneration and the flux in each NADPH producing enzyme. The results identified several reaction combinations supporting high NADPH regeneration, which are proven to be feasible in cells via thermodynamic analysis and coincident with a great deal of previous experimental report. Meanwhile, the reaction combinations showed some common characteristics: there were one or two decarboxylation oxidation reactions in the combinations that produced NADPH and the combination constitution included certain gluconeogenesis pathways. These findings suggested cyclization pathways as a powerful way for NADPH regeneration capacity of bacterial central carbon metabolism.
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23
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Peng M, Yang X. Controlling diabetes by chromium complexes: The role of the ligands. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 146:97-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Abstract
Background It has been known that ginseng can be applied as a potential nutraceutical for memory impairment; however, experiments with animals of old age are few. Methods To determine the memory enhancing effect of red ginseng, C57BL/6 mice (21 mo old) were given experimental diet pellets containing 0.12% red ginseng extract (approximately 200 mg/kg/d) for 3 mo. Young and old mice (4 mo and 21 mo old, respectively) were used as the control group. The effect of red ginseng, which ameliorated memory impairment in aged mice, was quantified using Y-maze test, novel objective test, and Morris water maze. Red ginseng ameliorated age-related declines in learning and memory in older mice. In addition, red ginseng's effect on the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase and proinflammatory cytokines was investigated in the hippocampus of aged mice. Results Red ginseng treatment suppressed the production of age-processed inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β expressions. Moreover, it was observed that red ginseng had an antioxidative effect on aged mice. The suppressed glutathione level in aged mice was restored with red ginseng treatment. The antioxidative-related enzymes Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased with red ginseng treatment. Conclusion The results revealed that when red ginseng is administered over long periods, age-related decline of learning and memory is ameliorated through anti-inflammatory activity.
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Kwak HB, Lee Y, Kim JH, Van Remmen H, Richardson AG, Lawler JM. MnSOD overexpression reduces fibrosis and pro-apoptotic signaling in the aging mouse heart. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2014; 70:533-44. [PMID: 25016531 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glu090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Contractility of the heart is impaired with advancing age via mechanical remodeling, as myocytes are lost through apoptosis and collagenous fibers accumulate. Exercise training confers protection against fibrosis and apoptosis in the aging heart, but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. We recently reported that exercise training elevates Mn isoform of superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in the aging heart, concomitant with reduction in oxidative stress and fibrosis. Here, we tested the hypothesis that overexpression of MnSOD would be causal in protection against fibrosis and apoptosis in the aging heart. Hearts were extracted from young (8 months) wild-type, young mice overexpressing the Sod2 (MnSOD) gene, old (28 months) wild-type, and old transgenic mice. Left ventricle MnSOD protein levels were elevated in young mice overexpressing the Sod2 (MnSOD) gene and old transgenic mice. MnSODTg mice exhibited lower oxidative stress (total hydroperoxides, 4-hydroxynonenal, and 8-isoprostane) in the old group. Age-related cardiac remodeling and fibrosis was mitigated in MnSOD Tg mice with reductions in extramyocyte space (-65%), collagen-I, and transforming growth factor-β. Pro-apoptotic markers Bax (-38%) and caspase-3 cleavage (-41%) were reduced and apoptosis (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling-positive nuclei, DNA laddering) was mitigated in MnSOD Tg hearts compared with old wild-type. We conclude that MnSOD elevation is indeed protective against oxidative stress, fibrosis, and apoptosis in the aging heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Bum Kwak
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Redox Biology and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station. Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yang Lee
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Redox Biology and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station
| | - Jong-Hee Kim
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Redox Biology and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station. Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Texas
| | - Holly Van Remmen
- Free Radical Biology and Aging Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation
| | - Arlan G Richardson
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center
| | - John M Lawler
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Redox Biology and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station.
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Abstract
Based on mosaic theory, hypertension is a multifactorial disorder that develops because of genetic, environmental, anatomical, adaptive neural, endocrine, humoral, and hemodynamic factors. It has been recently proposed that oxidative stress may contribute to all of these factors and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the development of hypertension. Previous studies focusing on the role of vascular NADPH oxidases provided strong support of this concept. Although mitochondria represent one of the most significant sources of cellular ROS generation, the regulation of mitochondrial ROS generation in the cardiovascular system and its pathophysiological role in hypertension are much less understood. In this review, the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of hypertension and cross talk between angiotensin II signaling, pathways involved in mechanotransduction, NADPH oxidases, and mitochondria-derived ROS are considered. The possible benefits of therapeutic strategies that have the potential to attenuate mitochondrial oxidative stress for the prevention/treatment of hypertension are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey I Dikalov
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Free Radicals in Medicine Core, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; and
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Nazarewicz RR, Dikalova AE, Bikineyeva A, Dikalov SI. Nox2 as a potential target of mitochondrial superoxide and its role in endothelial oxidative stress. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2013; 305:H1131-40. [PMID: 23955717 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00063.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide (O2(·-)) production by the NADPH oxidases is implicated in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. We have previously shown that activation of NADPH oxidases increases mitochondrial O2(·-) which is inhibited by the ATP-sensitive K(+) channel (mitoKATP) inhibitor 5-hydroxydecanoic acid and that scavenging of mitochondrial or cytoplasmic O2(·-) inhibits hypertension. We hypothesized that mitoKATP-mediated mitochondrial O2(·-) potentiates cytoplasmic O2(·-) by stimulation of NADPH oxidases. In this work we studied Nox isoforms as a potential target of mitochondrial O2(·-). We tested contribution of reverse electron transfer (RET) from complex II to complex I in mitochondrial O2(·-) production and NADPH oxidase activation in human aortic endothelial cells. Activation of mitoKATP with low dose of diazoxide (100 nM) decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester probe) and increased production of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic O2(·-) measured by site-specific probes and mitoSOX. Inhibition of RET with complex II inhibitor (malonate) or complex I inhibitor (rotenone) attenuated the production of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic O2(·-). Supplementation with a mitochondria-targeted SOD mimetic (mitoTEMPO) or a mitochondria-targeted glutathione peroxidase mimetic (mitoEbselen) inhibited production of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic O2(·-). Inhibition of Nox2 (gp91ds) or Nox2 depletion with small interfering RNA but not Nox1, Nox4, or Nox5 abolished diazoxide-induced O2(·-) production in the cytoplasm. Treatment of angiotensin II-infused mice with RET inhibitor dihydroethidium (malate) significantly reduced blood pressure. Our study suggests that mitoKATP-mediated mitochondrial O2(·-) stimulates cytoplasmic Nox2, contributing to the development of endothelial oxidative stress and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal R Nazarewicz
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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Edwards CB, Copes N, Brito AG, Canfield J, Bradshaw PC. Malate and fumarate extend lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58345. [PMID: 23472183 PMCID: PMC3589421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malate, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolite, increased lifespan and thermotolerance in the nematode C. elegans. Malate can be synthesized from fumarate by the enzyme fumarase and further oxidized to oxaloacetate by malate dehydrogenase with the accompanying reduction of NAD. Addition of fumarate also extended lifespan, but succinate addition did not, although all three intermediates activated nuclear translocation of the cytoprotective DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor and protected from paraquat-induced oxidative stress. The glyoxylate shunt, an anabolic pathway linked to lifespan extension in C. elegans, reversibly converts isocitrate and acetyl-CoA to succinate, malate, and CoA. The increased longevity provided by malate addition did not occur in fumarase (fum-1), glyoxylate shunt (gei-7), succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein (sdha-2), or soluble fumarate reductase F48E8.3 RNAi knockdown worms. Therefore, to increase lifespan, malate must be first converted to fumarate, then fumarate must be reduced to succinate by soluble fumarate reductase and the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex II. Reduction of fumarate to succinate is coupled with the oxidation of FADH2 to FAD. Lifespan extension induced by malate depended upon the longevity regulators DAF-16 and SIR-2.1. Malate supplementation did not extend the lifespan of long-lived eat-2 mutant worms, a model of dietary restriction. Malate and fumarate addition increased oxygen consumption, but decreased ATP levels and mitochondrial membrane potential suggesting a mild uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. Malate also increased NADPH, NAD, and the NAD/NADH ratio. Fumarate reduction, glyoxylate shunt activity, and mild mitochondrial uncoupling likely contribute to the lifespan extension induced by malate and fumarate by increasing the amount of oxidized NAD and FAD cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare B. Edwards
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Neil Copes
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Andres G. Brito
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - John Canfield
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Patrick C. Bradshaw
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ringer's malate solution protects against the multiple organ injury and dysfunction caused by hemorrhagic shock in rats. Shock 2012; 38:268-74. [PMID: 22777115 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0b013e318264e664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Malic acid, in the form of its anion malate, is a key intermediate in the major biochemical energy-producing cycle known as the citric acid or Krebs cycle. In this study, the authors investigated the protective effect of a novel crystalloid solution of Ringer's malate following fluid resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock using a rat model. Under general anesthesia, Sprague-Dawley male rats were subjected to 60 min of hemorrhagic shock (40 mmHg for 60 min) followed by crystalloid resuscitation. Groups were as follows: (1) sham shock, (2) normal saline, (3) Ringer's lactate, and (4) Ringer's malate. The experiment was terminated at 4 h after resuscitation. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and blood biophysical parameters were monitored during the experiment. The alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde levels in plasma were detected. The intestine, liver, lung, and renal histopathology were measured. It was found that Ringer's malate could increase MAP immediately and maintain MAP for a long time. Ringer's malate could reduce the level of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine. At the same time, the activity of superoxide dismutase was increased, and the level of malondialdehyde was decreased. Histopathology indicated that Ringer's malate can protect against the multiple organ injury caused by hemorrhagic shock in rats. Ringer's malate prevented circulatory failure and alleviated multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in animals with hemorrhagic shock. The study suggests that Ringer's malate solution could be a potential novel therapeutic agent for fluid resuscitation.
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Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) attenuates age-related oxidative stress and ameliorates antioxidant capacity in rats. Exp Gerontol 2012; 47:979-87. [PMID: 23000874 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Free radical-induced oxidative damage is considered to be the most important consequence of the aging process. The activities and capacities of antioxidant systems of cells decline with increased age, leading to the gradual loss of pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance and resulting in increased oxidative stress. Our investigation was focused on the effects of cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidation in aged rats. Age-associated decline in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C and vitamin E, and elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed in the liver, kidneys, heart and lungs of aged rats, when compared to young rats. Furthermore, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine were found to be significantly elevated in aged rats compared to young rats. Aged rats receiving cordycepin treatment show increased activity of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR and GST, and elevated levels of GSH, and vitamins C and E such that the values of most of these parameters did not differ significantly from those found in young rats. In addition, the levels of MDA, AST, ALT, urea and creatinine became reduced upon administration of cordycepin to aged rats. These results suggest that cordycepin is effective for restoring antioxidant status and decreasing lipid peroxidation in aged rats.
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Effect of fermented Panax ginseng extract (GINST) on oxidative stress and antioxidant activities in major organs of aged rats. Exp Gerontol 2011; 47:77-84. [PMID: 22075532 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular levels of oxidant and antioxidant balances are gradually distorted during the aging process. An age associated elevation of oxidative stress occurring throughout the lifetime is hypothesized to be the major cause of aging. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the putative antioxidant activity of the fermented Panax ginseng extract (GINST) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status of major organs of aged rats compared to young rats. Increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea and creatinine were observed in the serum of aged rats. Increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and significantly lowered activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were observed in the liver, kidneys, heart and lungs of aged rats, when compared with those in young rats. Quantitative analysis of the non-enzymatic antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol levels showed significantly lower values in the liver, kidneys, heart and lungs of aged rats. On the other hand, administration of the fermented Panax ginseng extract (GINST) to aged rats resulted in increased activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR and GST as well as elevation in GSH, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol levels. Besides, the level of MDA, AST, ALT, urea and creatinine were reduced on administration of GINST to aged rats. These results suggested that treatment of GINST can improve the antioxidant status during aging, thereby minimizing the oxidative stress and occurrence of age-related disorders associated with free radicals.
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Dikalov S. Cross talk between mitochondria and NADPH oxidases. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:1289-301. [PMID: 21777669 PMCID: PMC3163726 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 607] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in physiological and pathological processes. In recent years, a feed-forward regulation of the ROS sources has been reported. The interactions between the main cellular sources of ROS, such as mitochondria and NADPH oxidases, however, remain obscure. This work summarizes the latest findings on the role of cross talk between mitochondria and NADPH oxidases in pathophysiological processes. Mitochondria have the highest levels of antioxidants in the cell and play an important role in the maintenance of cellular redox status, thereby acting as an ROS and redox sink and limiting NADPH oxidase activity. Mitochondria, however, are not only a target for ROS produced by NADPH oxidase but also a significant source of ROS, which under certain conditions may stimulate NADPH oxidases. This cross talk between mitochondria and NADPH oxidases, therefore, may represent a feed-forward vicious cycle of ROS production, which can be pharmacologically targeted under conditions of oxidative stress. It has been demonstrated that mitochondria-targeted antioxidants break this vicious cycle, inhibiting ROS production by mitochondria and reducing NADPH oxidase activity. This may provide a novel strategy for treatment of many pathological conditions including aging, atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, and degenerative neurological disorders in which mitochondrial oxidative stress seems to play a role. It is conceivable that the use of mitochondria-targeted treatments would be effective in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Dikalov
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Kolosova NG, Akulov AE, Stefanova NA, Moshkin MP, Savelov AA, Koptyug IV, Panov AV, Vavilin VA. Effect of malate on the development of rotenone-induced brain changes in Wistar and OXYS rats: An MRI study. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2011; 437:72-5. [PMID: 21562948 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496611020049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N G Kolosova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Eşrefoğlu M, Gül M, Ateş B, Erdoğan A. The effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester and melatonin on age-related vascular remodeling and cardiac damage. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2010; 25:580-90. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2010.00876.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Sudheesh N, Ajith T, Ramnath V, Janardhanan K. Therapeutic potential of Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) P. Karst. against the declined antioxidant status in the mitochondria of post-mitotic tissues of aged mice. Clin Nutr 2010; 29:406-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2009.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Revised: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 12/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lawler JM, Kwak HB, Kim JH, Suk MH. Exercise training inducibility of MnSOD protein expression and activity is retained while reducing prooxidant signaling in the heart of senescent rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2009; 296:R1496-502. [PMID: 19297546 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.90314.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
While the stress response to heat and exercise is limited in the heart with progressive aging, recent data indicate that acute or short-term exercise upregulates the Mn isoform of superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which may provide protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury and cell death by reducing oxidative stress. Growing evidence indicates that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) contributes to age-induced increases in oxidative stress and risk of heart failure. We postulated that oxidative stress and iNOS levels would be related to the ability of the aging heart to upregulate MnSOD in response to long-term exercise training. Six- and twenty-seven-mo-old Fischer-344 rats had been assigned to young sedentary (YS), young exercise (YE), old sedentary (OS), or old exercise (OE) groups. ET groups ran on a treadmill for 60 min/day, 5 days/wk for a total of 12 wk. MnSOD protein expression in the left ventricle was increased (+43%) by 12 wk of exercise training in the old age group, with no changes in Cu,ZnSOD. Exercise training also increased MnSOD activity in left ventricles from old and young rats. HSP70 was inducible by exercise training in hearts exclusively from the young age group. iNOS protein expression increased markedly with aging (+548%), while exercise training decreased iNOS levels by -73% in OE compared with OS. In addition, 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts in the left ventricle increased by 237% with aging, while 12 wk of exercise training resulted in attenuation (-55%). These data indicate that inducibility of MnSOD is preserved with long-term exercise training in the aging rat heart. Moreover, upregulation of MnSOD in the aging heart was directly associated with attenuated levels of oxidative stress, including iNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Lawler
- Redox Biology & Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4243, USA.
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