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Xu Z, Liang H, Zhang M, Tao X, Dou D, Hu L, Kang T. Ardipusilloside-I stimulates gastrointestinal motility and phosphorylation of smooth muscle myosin by myosin light chain kinase. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 21:609-616. [PMID: 29200903 PMCID: PMC5709477 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.6.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ardipusilloside-I is a natural triterpenoid saponin, which was isolated from Ardisia pusilla A. DC. The aim of the study was to evaluate the stimulation of ardipusilloside-I on gastrointestinal motility in vitro and in vivo. The experiment of smooth muscle contraction directly monitored the contractions of the isolated jejunal segment (IJS) in different contractile states, and the effects of ardipusilloside-I on myosin were measured in the presence of Ca2+-calmodulin using the activities of 20 kDa myosin light chain (MLC20) phosphorylation and myosin Mg2+-ATPase. The effects of ardipusilloside-I on gastro emptying and intestinal transit in constipation-predominant rats were observed, and the MLCK expression in jejuna of constipated rats was determined by western blot. The results showed that, ardipusilloside-I increased the contractility of IJS in a dose-dependent manner and reversed the low contractile state (LCS) of IJS induced by low Ca2+, adrenaline, and atropine respectively. There were synergistic effects on contractivity of IJS between ardipusilloside-I and ACh, high Ca2+, and histamine, respectively. Ardipusilloside-I could stimulate the phosphorylation of MLC20 and Mg2+-ATPase activities of Ca2+- dependent phosphorylated myosin. Ardipusilloside-I also stimulated the gastric emptying and intestinal transit in normal and constipated rats in vivo, respectively, and increased the MLCK expression in the jejuna of constipation-predominant rats. Briefly, the findings demonstrated that ardipusilloside-I could effectively excite gastrointestinal motility in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning 116600, PR China
| | - Hanye Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning 116600, PR China
| | - Mingbo Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning 116600, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Tao
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning 116600, PR China
| | - Deqiang Dou
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning 116600, PR China
| | - Liping Hu
- College of Information Science & Technology, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning 110847, PR China
| | - Tingguo Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning 116600, PR China
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Xu Z, Zhang M, Dou D, Tao X, Kang T. Berberine Depresses Contraction of Smooth Muscle via Inhibiting Myosin Light-chain Kinase. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:454-458. [PMID: 28839371 PMCID: PMC5551364 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_205_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine is a natural isoquinoline alkaloid possessing various pharmacological effects, particularly apparent in the treatment of diarrhea, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Smooth muscle myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) plays a crucial role in the smooth muscle relaxation-contraction events, and it is well known that berberine can effectively depress the contraction of smooth muscle. Hence, whether berberine could inhibit MLCK and then depress the smooth muscle contractility might be researched. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of berberine on MLCK. Based on this, the contractility of gastro-intestine, catalysis activity of MLCK, and molecular docking are going to be evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experiment of smooth muscle contraction was directly monitored the contractions of the isolated gastrointestine by frequency and amplitude at different concentration of berberine. The effects of berberine on MLCK were measured in the presence of Ca2+-calmodulin, using the activities of 20 kDa myosin light chain (MLC20) phosphorylation, and myosin Mg2+-ATPase induced by MLCK. The docking study was conducted with expert software in the meantime. RESULTS The phosphorylation of myosin and the Mg2+-ATPase activity is reduced in the presence of berberine. Moreover, berberine could inhibit the contractibility of isolated gastric intestine smooth muscle. Berberine could bind to the ATP binding site of MLCK through hydrophobic effect and hydrogen bonding according to the docking study. CONCLUSION The present work gives a deep insight into the molecular mechanism for the treatment of diarrhea with berberine, i.e., berberine could suppress the contractility of smooth muscle through binding to MLCK and depressing the catalysis activity of MLCK. SUMMARY Berberine significantly reduced the amplitude of contraction in isolated duodenum and gastric strips in ratsBerberine inhibited the phosphorylated extents of MLC20 and Mg2+-ATPase activity of phosphorylated myosin induced by MLCKBerberine binds to the ATP binding site of MLCK by hydrophobic effect and hydrogen bondingBerberine may modulate contraction of smooth muscle by inhibiting MLCK. Abbreviations used: MLCK: Myosin light chain kinase; MLC20: 20 KDa regulating myosin light chain; CaM: Calmodulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, P.R. China
| | - Mingbo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, P.R. China
| | - Deqiang Dou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, P.R. China
| | - Tingguo Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, P.R. China
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Xiong Y, Wang C, Shi L, Wang L, Zhou Z, Chen D, Wang J, Guo H. Myosin Light Chain Kinase: A Potential Target for Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:292. [PMID: 28588494 PMCID: PMC5440522 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) induces contraction of the perijunctional apical actomyosin ring in response to phosphorylation of the myosin light chain. Abnormal expression of MLCK has been observed in respiratory diseases, pancreatitis, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease. The signaling pathways involved in MLCK activation and triggering of endothelial barrier dysfunction are discussed in this review. The pharmacological effects of regulating MLCK expression by inhibitors such as ML-9, ML-7, microbial products, naturally occurring products, and microRNAs are also discussed. The influence of MLCK in inflammatory diseases starts with endothelial barrier dysfunction. The effectiveness of anti-MLCK treatment may depend on alleviation of that primary pathological mechanism. This review summarizes evidence for the potential benefits of anti-MLCK agents in the treatment of inflammatory disease and the importance of avoiding treatment-related side effects, as MLCK is widely expressed in many different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Xiong
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
| | - Chenou Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
| | - Liqiang Shi
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
| | - Zijuan Zhou
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
| | - Dapeng Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
| | - Huishu Guo
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
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Zhou Z, Wang L, Xu M, Yin L, Yang F, Hui S, Yi Y, Feng P, Wang J, Lin Y, Peng J, Chen D. Fruit bromelain ameliorates rat constipation induced by loperamide. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06109a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruit bromelain ameliorates rat constipation. MLCK, myosin light chain kinase; p-MLC20, phosphorylation of 20 kDa myosin light chain.
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Hesperidin alleviates rat postoperative ileus through anti-inflammation and stimulation of Ca(2+)-dependent myosin phosphorylation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:1091-100. [PMID: 27345626 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Postoperative ileus (POI) is a postoperative dysmotility disorder of gastrointestinal tract, which remains one of the most perplexing problems in medicine. In the present study we investigated the effects of hesperidin, a major flavonoid in sweet oranges and lemons, on POI in rats. METHODS SD rats were administered hesperidin (5, 20, and 80 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), ig) for 3 consecutive days. POI operation (gently manipulating the cecum for 1 min) was performed on d 2. The gastrointestinal motility and isolated intestinal contraction were examined 1 d after the operation. Then the myosin phosphorylation and inflammatory responses in cecum tissue were assessed. Smooth muscle cells were isolated from rat small intestine for in vitro experiments. RESULTS The gastric emptying and intestinal transit were significantly decreased in POI rats, which were reversed by administration of hesperidin. In ileum and cecum preparations of POI rats in vitro, hesperidin (2.5-160 μmol/L) dose-dependently increased the spontaneous contraction amplitudes without affecting the contractile frequency, which was blocked by the myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) inhibitor ML-7 or verapamil, but not by TTX. Furthermore, administration of hesperidin increased the phosphorylation of MLC20 in the cecum tissue of POI rats. Moreover, administration of hesperidin reversed the increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, iNOS and COX-2 in cecum tissue of POI rats. In freshly isolated intestinal smooth muscle cells, hesperidin (5-80 μmol/L) dose-dependently increased the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration as well as the phosphorylation of MLC20, which was abrogated by ML-7 or siRNA that knocked down MLCK. CONCLUSION Oral administration of hesperidin effectively alleviates rat POI through inhibition of inflammatory responses and stimulation of Ca(2+)-dependent MLC phosphorylation.
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Naughton V, Hedemann MS, Naughton PJ, McSorley E, Laerke HN. Duodenal application of Li+ in a submaximal therapeutic dose inhibits exocrine pancreatic secretion and modulates gastro-duodenal myoelectrical activity in a conscious pig model. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 91:764-72. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2012-0396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study tested whether duodenal application of lithium inhibits gastroduodenal motility, and whether it suppresses secretion from the exocrine pancreas. Five suckling pigs, 16–18 days old, were surgically fitted with 3 serosal electrodes on the wall of the gastric antrum and the duodenum for electromyography of smooth muscles, and with a pancreatic duct catheter and a duodenal T-cannula for collection and re-entrant flow of pancreatic juice. After the recovery period, on alternative days, each animal was tested once with an intraduodenal infusion of Li+ (100 mmol·L–1C3H5LiO3,10 mL·kg−1·h−1) for 1 h, and once with an intraduodenal infusion of NaCl (154 mM, 10 ml·kg−1·h−1), also for 1 h, with the first treatment, i.e., Li+ or NaCl, randomly assigned. Individual pigs served as their own controls, with data recorded prior to a treatment being used as the baseline. Li+ increased the duration of quiescence (P < 0.05) and activity phase (P < 0.05) in the antrum, thus increasing (P < 0.05) the duration of antral myoelectrical cycles. Li+ shortened (P < 0.05) phase I, but it did not affect phase II or phase III or the MMC in the duodenum. Li+ inhibited pancreatic juice outflow as well as pancreatic enzyme and bicarbonate output (P < 0.05 for all pancreatic parameters).
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta Naughton
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, County Londonderry BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Mette S. Hedemann
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Århus University, Blichers Allé 20, PO Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Patrick J. Naughton
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, County Londonderry BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Emeir McSorley
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, County Londonderry BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Helle N. Laerke
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Århus University, Blichers Allé 20, PO Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
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