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Naked mole-rats resist the accumulation of hypoxia-induced oxidative damage. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 273:111282. [PMID: 35907588 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Naked mole-rats are among the few mammals with the ability to endure severe hypoxia. These unique rodents use metabolic rate depression along with various molecular mechanisms to successfully overcome the challenges of oxygen-limitation, which they experience in their underground borrows. While studies have reported that naked mole-rats exhibit inherently higher levels of oxidative damage across their lifespan as compared to mice, it has yet to be determined whether naked mole-rats are vulnerable to oxidative damage during periods of low oxygen exposure. To investigate this phenomenon, we examined cellular oxidative damage markers of macromolecules: DNA oxidation determined as 8-oxo-2'deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG8) levels, RNA oxidation as 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG), protein carbonylation, and lipid peroxidation in normoxic (control), acute (4 h at 7% O2), and chronic (24 h at 7% O2) hypoxia-exposed naked mole-rats. Brain appears to be the most resilient organ to hypoxia-induced oxidative damage, with both brain and heart exhibiting enhanced antioxidant capacity during hypoxia. Levels of DNA and RNA oxidation were minimally changed in all tissues and no changes were observed in protein carbonylation. Most tissues experienced lipid peroxidation, with liver displaying a 9.6-fold increase during hypoxia. Concomitantly, levels of DNA damage repair proteins were dynamically regulated in a tissue-specific manner, with white adipose displaying a significant reduction during hypoxia. Our findings show that naked mole-rats largely avoid hypoxia-induced oxidative damage, possibly due to their high tolerance to redox stress, or to reduced oxidative requirements made possible during their hypometabolic response when oxygen supply is limited.
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Rafique H, Dong R, Wang X, Alim A, Aadil RM, Li L, Zou L, Hu X. Dietary-Nutraceutical Properties of Oat Protein and Peptides. Front Nutr 2022; 9:950400. [PMID: 35866075 PMCID: PMC9294724 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.950400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oats are considered the healthiest grain due to their high content of phytochemicals, dietary fibers, and protein. In recent years, oat protein and peptides have gained popularity as possible therapeutic or nutraceutical candidates. Generally, oat peptides with bioactive properties can be obtained by the enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins and are known to have a variety of regulatory functions. This review article focused on the nutraceutical worth of oat proteins and peptides and also describes the application of oat protein as a functional ingredient. Outcomes of this study indicated that oat protein and peptides present various therapeutical properties, including antidiabetic, antioxidant, antihypoxic, antihypertensive, antithrombotic, antifatigue, immunomodulatory, and hypocholestrolaemic. However, most of the conducted studies are limited to in vitro conditions and less data is available on assessing the effectiveness of the oat peptides in vivo. Future efforts should be directed at performing systematic animal studies; in addition, clinical trials also need to be conducted to fully support the development of functional food products, nutraceutical, and therapeutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Rafique
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Dong
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Aamina Alim
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Lu Li
- Guilin Seamild Food Co., Ltd., Guilin, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinzhong Hu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
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Indriawati R, Risdiana N, Wibowo T. An Increase in TNF-α Levels in Fetus due to Prenatal Ischemic Hypoxia. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Prenatal ischemic hypoxia can increase mortality and morbidity and affect the immune system. One of the immune responses is tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels. However, the cellular mechanism of immune response abnormalities due to prenatal hypoxia remains unclear. An 11–17-day-old fetus is a sensitive period of neural development. Brain ischemia will cause cell dysfunction and can even affect TNF-α levels. Thus, how prenatal ischemic hypoxia increases TNF-α levels in the fetus remains unclear.
AIM: This study aims to examine the effect of the onset and duration of prenatal ischemic hypoxia on TNF-α levels.
METHODOLOGY: An experimental study with a post-test control design was conducted. Thirty Rattus norvegicus were induced with prenatal ischemic hypoxia (embryos aged 7, 12, and 17 days). The independent variable was prenatal ischemic hypoxia, while the dependent variable was TNF-α levels. TNF-α was measured using the ELISA technique and was carried out when the fetus was 19 days old (E19). The TNF-α was analyzed using ANOVA, and the limit of significance was set at p < 0.05.
RESULTS: The TNF-α levels in the prenatal ischemic hypoxia group were statistically higher than in the control group (p < 0.05). The more the onset and the longer the ischemic hypoxia is, the higher the TNF-level (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The prenatal ischemic hypoxia increased TNF-α levels in the fetus.
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Hellmann H, Goyer A, Navarre DA. Antioxidants in Potatoes: A Functional View on One of the Major Food Crops Worldwide. Molecules 2021; 26:2446. [PMID: 33922183 PMCID: PMC8122721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With a growing world population, accelerating climate changes, and limited arable land, it is critical to focus on plant-based resources for sustainable food production. In addition, plants are a cornucopia for secondary metabolites, of which many have robust antioxidative capacities and are beneficial for human health. Potato is one of the major food crops worldwide, and is recognized by the United Nations as an excellent food source for an increasing world population. Potato tubers are rich in a plethora of antioxidants with an array of health-promoting effects. This review article provides a detailed overview about the biosynthesis, chemical and health-promoting properties of the most abundant antioxidants in potato tubers, including several vitamins, carotenoids and phenylpropanoids. The dietary contribution of diverse commercial and primitive cultivars are detailed and document that potato contributes much more than just complex carbohydrates to the diet. Finally, the review provides insights into the current and future potential of potato-based systems as tools and resources for healthy and sustainable food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjo Hellmann
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Aymeric Goyer
- Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR 97838, USA;
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E Silva LFS, Brito MD, Yuzawa JMC, Rosenstock TR. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Changes in High-Energy Compounds in Different Cellular Models Associated to Hypoxia: Implication to Schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18049. [PMID: 31792231 PMCID: PMC6889309 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a multifactorial mental disorder, which has been associated with a number of environmental factors, such as hypoxia. Considering that numerous neural mechanisms depends on energetic supply (ATP synthesis), the maintenance of mitochondrial metabolism is essential to keep cellular balance and survival. Therefore, in the present work, we evaluated functional parameters related to mitochondrial function, namely calcium levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, redox homeostasis, high-energy compounds levels and oxygen consumption, in astrocytes from control (Wistar) and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) animals exposed both to chemical and gaseous hypoxia. We show that astrocytes after hypoxia presented depolarized mitochondria, disturbances in Ca2+ handling, destabilization in redox system and alterations in ATP, ADP, Pyruvate and Lactate levels, in addition to modification in NAD+/NADH ratio, and Nfe2l2 and Nrf1 expression. Interestingly, intrauterine hypoxia also induced augmentation in mitochondrial biogenesis and content. Altogether, our data suggest that hypoxia can induce mitochondrial deregulation and a decrease in energy metabolism in the most prevalent cell type in the brain, astrocytes. Since SHR are also considered an animal model of SZ, our results can likewise be related to their phenotypic alterations and, therefore, our work also allow an increase in the knowledge of this burdensome disorder.
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Ruszkiewicz JA, Miranda-Vizuete A, Tinkov AA, Skalnaya MG, Skalny AV, Tsatsakis A, Aschner M. Sex-Specific Differences in Redox Homeostasis in Brain Norm and Disease. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 67:312-342. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1241-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Liu C, Liu B, Zhang EL, Liao WT, Liu J, Sun BD, Xu G, Chen J, Gao YQ. Elevated pentose phosphate pathway is involved in the recovery of hypoxia‑induced erythrocytosis. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:9441-9448. [PMID: 29039604 PMCID: PMC5780001 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As a typical model of hypoxia-induced excessive erythrocytosis, high altitude polycythemia (HAPC) results in microcirculation disturbance, aggravates tissue hypoxia and results in a severe clinical outcome, without any effective intervention methods except for returning to an oxygen-rich environment. The present study aimed to explore potential therapeutic targets which may participate in the recovery of HAPC by studying the mechanisms of reducing the hemoglobin (HB) concentration during re-oxygenation. A total of 14 and 13 subjects were recruited over a 5,300 m distance and 5,170 m area. The patients were classified into HAPC or control groups based on their HB value. Plasma samples were collected on the day when they finished their stay in plateau for a year, and on the 180th day following their reaching in plain. Metabolic profiling was conducted by UPLC-QTOF/MS. MetaboAnalyst platform was performed to explore the most perturbed metabolic pathways. A panel of differential metabolites were obtained in the recovery phase of HAPC and control groups. The present study identified the uniquely upregulated pentose phosphate pathway in HAPC subjects, along with a significantly decreased HB level. The findings were verified via a direct comparison between HAPC and control subjects at a high altitude. An increased pentose phosphate pathway was identified in control groups compared with HAPC subjects. An elevated pentose phosphate pathway may therefore participate in the recovery of HAPC, whereas a downregulated pentose phosphate pathway may contribute to hypoxia-induced erythrocytosis. The results of the present study provide potential therapeutic strategies and novel insights into the pathogenesis of hypoxia-induced polycythemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Bao Liu
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Er-Long Zhang
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ting Liao
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Da Sun
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Gang Xu
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qi Gao
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
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Lu HY, Wang W, Zhou Z, Liu CY, Liu Y, Xiao W, Dong FS, Wang J. Treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea–hypopnea syndrome by mandible advanced device reduced neuron apoptosis in frontal cortex of rabbits. Eur J Orthod 2017; 40:273-280. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjx060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-yan Lu
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University; The Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. of China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University; The Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. of China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Periodontology, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Chun-yan Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University; The Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. of China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University; The Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. of China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, FengTai Hospital, Beijing, P.R. of China
| | - Fu-sheng Dong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hebei Medical University; The Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University; The Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. of China
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Changes of the plasma metabolome of newly born piglets subjected to postnatal hypoxia and resuscitation with air. Pediatr Res 2016; 80:284-92. [PMID: 27055187 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the neonatal period. Currently, limited ranges of biochemical tests assessing the intensity and duration of hypoxia are ready for clinical use. However, the need to initiate hypothermia therapy early after the clinical suspicion of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy requires the availability of early and reliable hypoxia markers. We have sought these biomarkers in an experimental model of hypoxia reoxygenation. METHODS Hypoxia and hypotension were induced in newborn piglets following a standardized model and reoxygenation was carried out using room air (RA). An untargeted liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOFMS) approach was used to assess changes in the metabolomic profile of plasma samples after intense hypoxia and upon reoxygenation. RESULTS At the end of hypoxia, the plasma metabolome showed an increased plasma concentration of analytes reflecting a metabolic adaptation to prolonged anaerobiosis. However, after resuscitation, metabolite levels returned to the starting values. CONCLUSION Severe hypoxia induces early, significant, and transient changes of specific metabolites in the plasma metabolome, which represent a snapshot of the biochemical adaptation of mammals to intense hypoxia. These metabolites could have applicability in predicting the severity of hypoxia in the clinical setting.
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10
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Protective effect of resveratrol against chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced spatial memory deficits, hippocampal oxidative DNA damage and increased p47Phox NADPH oxidase expression in young rats. Behav Brain Res 2016; 305:65-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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PD98059 Protects Brain against Cells Death Resulting from ROS/ERK Activation in a Cardiac Arrest Rat Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:3723762. [PMID: 27069530 PMCID: PMC4812463 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3723762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The clinical and experimental postcardiac arrest treatment has not reached therapeutic success. The present study investigated the effect of PD98059 (PD) in rats subjected to cardiac arrest (CA)/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Experimental rats were divided randomly into 3 groups: sham, CA, and PD. The rats except for sham group were subjected to CA for 5 min followed by CPR operation. Once spontaneous circulation was restored, saline and PD were injected in CA and PD groups, respectively. The survival rates and neurologic deficit scores (NDS) were observed, and the following indices of brain tissue were evaluated: ROS, MDA, SOD, p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2, caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, TUNEL positive cells, and double fluorescent staining of p-ERK/TUNEL. Our results indicated that PD treatment significantly reduced apoptotic neurons and improved the survival rates and NDS. Moreover, PD markedly downregulated the ROS, MDA, p-ERK, and caspase-3, Bax and upregulated SOD and Bcl-2 levels. Double staining p-ERK/TUNEL in choroid plexus and cortex showed that cell death is dependent on ERK activation. The findings in present study demonstrated that PD provides neuroprotection via antioxidant activity and antiapoptosis in rats subjected to CA/CPR.
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12
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Suzuki K, Nakagawa K, Yamamoto T, Miyazawa T, Kimura F, Kamei M, Miyazawa T. Carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic and renal damages in rat: inhibitory effects of cacao polyphenol. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:1669-75. [PMID: 25996516 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1039481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, we investigated the protective effect of cacao polyphenol extract (CPE) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepato-renal oxidative stress in rats. Rats were administered CPE for 7 days and then received intraperitoneal injection of CCl4. Two hours after injection, we found that CCl4 treatment significantly increased biochemical injury markers, lipid peroxides (phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH) and malondialdehyde (MDA)) and decreased glutathione peroxidase activity in kidney rather than liver, suggesting that kidney is more vulnerable to oxidative stress under the present experimental conditions. CPE supplementation significantly reduced these changes, indicating that this compound has antioxidant properties against CCl4-induced oxidative stress. An inhibitory effect of CPE on CCl4-induced CYP2E1 mRNA degradation may provide an explanation for CPE antioxidant property. Together, these results provide quantitative evidence of the in vivo antioxidant properties of CPE, especially in terms of PCOOH and MDA levels in the kidneys of CCl4-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Suzuki
- a Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan
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The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Molecular Chaperone Deregulation in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:905-931. [PMID: 25561438 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-9063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
One of the shared hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases is the accumulation of misfolded proteins. Therefore, it is suspected that normal proteostasis is crucial for neuronal survival in the brain and that the malfunction of this mechanism may be the underlying cause of neurodegenerative diseases. The accumulation of amyloid plaques (APs) composed of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) aggregates and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of misfolded Tau proteins are the defining pathological markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The accumulation of these proteins indicates a faulty protein quality control in the AD brain. An impaired ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) could lead to negative consequences for protein regulation, including loss of function. Another pivotal mechanism for the prevention of misfolded protein accumulation is the utilization of molecular chaperones. Molecular chaperones, such as heat shock proteins (HSPs) and FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs), are highly involved in protein regulation to ensure proper folding and normal function. In this review, we elaborate on the molecular basis of AD pathophysiology using recent data, with a particular focus on the role of the UPS and molecular chaperones as the defensive mechanism against misfolded proteins that have prion-like properties. In addition, we propose a rational therapy approach based on this mechanism.
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Ďurfinová M, Bartová R, Orešanská K, Valentová N, Uličná O, Ďuračková Z, Muchová J. The effects of fish oil emulsion supplementation on synaptosomal membrane enzyme activities in diabetic rats: Protective effect on K
+
‐paranitrophenylphosphatase activity only in non‐diabetic rats but no significant influence on Na
+
/K
+
‐ATPase activity. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Ďurfinová
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Radka Bartová
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Katarína Orešanská
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Natália Valentová
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Oľga Uličná
- Pharmaco‐biochemical LaboratoryThird Internal Clinics of Faculty HospitalFaculty of MedicineComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Zdeňka Ďuračková
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Jana Muchová
- Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical BiochemistryComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovakia
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Kratzer I, Liddelow SA, Saunders NR, Dziegielewska KM, Strazielle N, Ghersi-Egea JF. Developmental changes in the transcriptome of the rat choroid plexus in relation to neuroprotection. Fluids Barriers CNS 2013; 10:25. [PMID: 23915922 PMCID: PMC3737068 DOI: 10.1186/2045-8118-10-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The choroid plexuses are the interface between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contained within the ventricular spaces of the central nervous system. The tight junctions linking adjacent cells of the choroidal epithelium create a physical barrier to paracellular movement of molecules. Multispecific efflux transporters as well as drug-metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes functioning in these cells contribute to a metabolic barrier. These barrier properties reflect a neuroprotective function of the choroid plexus. The choroid plexuses develop early during embryogenesis and provide pivotal control of the internal environment throughout development when the brain is especially vulnerable to toxic insults. Perinatal injuries like hypoxia and trauma, and exposure to drugs or toxic xenobiotics can have serious consequences on neurogenesis and long-term development. The present study describes the developmental expression pattern of genes involved in the neuroprotective functions of the blood–CSF barrier. Methods The transcriptome of rat lateral ventricular choroid plexuses isolated from fifteen-day-old embryos, nineteen-day old fetuses, two-day old pups, and adults was analyzed by a combination of Affymetrix microarrays, Illumina RNA-Sequencing, and quantitative RT-PCR. Results Genes coding for proteins involved in junction formation are expressed early during development. Overall perinatal expression levels of genes involved in drug metabolism and antioxidant mechanisms are similar to, or higher than levels measured in adults. A similar developmental pattern was observed for multispecific efflux transporter genes of the Abc and Slc superfamilies. Expression of all these genes was more variable in choroid plexus from fifteen-day-old embryos. A large panel of transcription factors involved in the xenobiotic- or cell stress-mediated induction of detoxifying enzymes and transporters is also expressed throughout development. Conclusions This transcriptomic analysis suggests relatively well–established neuroprotective mechanisms at the blood-CSF barrier throughout development of the rat. The expression of many transcription factors early in development raises the possibility of additional protection for the vulnerable developing brain, should the fetus or newborn be exposed to drugs or other xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Kratzer
- Inserm U1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Neurooncology & Neuroinflammation Team, Lyon-1 University, Lyon F-69000, France.
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Ulinastatin suppresses burn-induced lipid peroxidation and reduces fluid requirements in a Swine model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:904370. [PMID: 23738046 PMCID: PMC3655655 DOI: 10.1155/2013/904370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Lipid peroxidation plays a critical role in burn-induced plasma leakage, and ulinastatin has been reported to reduce lipid peroxidation in various models. This study aims to examine whether ulinastatin reduces fluid requirements through inhibition of lipid peroxidation in a swine burn model. Methods. Forty miniature swine were subjected to 40% TBSA burns and were randomly allocated to the following four groups: immediate lactated Ringer's resuscitation (ILR), immediate LR containing ulinastatin (ILR/ULI), delayed LR resuscitation (DLR), and delayed LR containing ulinastatin (DLR/ULI). Hemodynamic variables, net fluid accumulation, and plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentrations were measured. Heart, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, and ileum were harvested at 48 hours after burn for evaluation of TBARS concentrations, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and tissue water content. Results. Ulinastatin significantly reduced pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI) and extravascular lung water index (ELWI), net fluid accumulation, and water content of heart, lung, and ileum in both immediate or delayed resuscitation groups. Furthermore, ulinastatin infusion significantly reduced plasma and tissue concentrations of TBARS in both immediate or delayed resuscitation groups. Conclusions. These results indicate that ulinastatin can reduce fluid requirements through inhibition of lipid peroxidation.
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Evaluation of acetylcholinesterase and adenosine deaminase activities in brain and erythrocytes and proinflammatory cytokine levels in rats submitted to neonatal hypoxia-ischemia model. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 378:247-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1615-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Cao Y, Hao CJ, Wang CJ, Li PL, Wang LX, Guan HS, Li HT. Urinary excretion of L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, propionyl-L-carnitine and their antioxidant activities after single dose administration of L-carnitine in healthy subjects. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502013000100020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The urine excretion of L-carnitine (LC), acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) and propionyl-Lcarnitine (PLC) and their relations with the antioxidant activities are presently unknown. Liquid L-carnitine (2.0 g) was administered orally as a single dose in 12 healthy subjects. Urine concentrations of LC, ALC and PLC were detected by HPLC. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrogen monoxidum (NO) activities were measured by spectrophotometric methods. The 0~2 h, 2~4 h, 4~8 h, 8~12 h, 12~24 h excretion of LC was 53.13±31.36 µmol, 166.93±76.87 µmol, 219.92±76.30 µmol, 100.48±23.89 µmol, 72.07±25.77 µmol, respectively. The excretion of ALC was 29.70±14.43 µmol, 80.59±32.70 µmol, 109.85±49.21 µmol, 58.65±18.55 µmol, and 80.43±35.44 µmol, respectively. The urine concentration of PLC was 6.63±4.50 µmol, 15.33±12.59 µmol, 15.46±6.26 µmol, 13.41±11.66 µmol and 9.67±7.92 µmol, respectively. The accumulated excretion rate of LC was 6.1% within 24h after its administration. There was also an increase in urine concentrations of SOD and T-AOC, and a decrease in NO and MDA. A positive correlation was found between urine concentrations of LC and SOD (r = 0.8277) or T-AOC (r = 0.9547), and a negative correlation was found between urine LC excretions and NO (r = -0.8575) or MDA (r = 0.7085). In conclusion, a single oral LC administration let to a gradual increase in urine L-carnitine excretion which was associated with an increase in urine antioxidant enzymes and the total antioxidant capacities. These data may be useful in designing therapeutic regimens of LC or its analogues in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Ocean University of China, China; Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, China
| | - Chuan-ji Hao
- Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Huan-ting Li
- Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, China
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Chhunchha B, Fatma N, Kubo E, Rai P, Singh SP, Singh DP. Curcumin abates hypoxia-induced oxidative stress based-ER stress-mediated cell death in mouse hippocampal cells (HT22) by controlling Prdx6 and NF-κB regulation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 304:C636-55. [PMID: 23364261 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00345.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are emerging as crucial events in the etiopathology of many neurodegenerative diseases. While the neuroprotective contributions of the dietary compound curcumin has been recognized, the molecular mechanisms underlying curcumin's neuroprotection under oxidative and ER stresses remains elusive. Herein, we show that curcumin protects HT22 from oxidative and ER stresses evoked by the hypoxia (1% O(2) or CoCl(2) treatment) by enhancing peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) expression. Cells exposed to CoCl(2) displayed reduced expression of Prdx6 with higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression and activation of NF-κB with IκB phosphorylation. When NF-κB activity was blocked by using SN50, an inhibitor of NF-κB, or cells treated with curcumin, the repression of Prdx6 expression was restored, suggesting the involvement of NF-κB in modulating Prdx6 expression. These cells were enriched with an accumulation of ER stress proteins, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), GRP/78, and calreticulin, and had activated states of caspases 12, 9, and 3. Reinforced expression of Prdx6 in HT22 cells by curcumin reestablished survival signaling by reducing propagation of ROS and blunting ER stress signaling. Intriguingly, knockdown of Prdx6 by antisense revealed that loss of Prdx6 contributed to cell death by sustaining enhanced levels of ER stress-responsive proapoptotic proteins, which was due to elevated ROS production, suggesting that Prdx6 deficiency is a cause of initiation of ROS-mediated ER stress-induced apoptosis. We propose that using curcumin to reinforce the naturally occurring Prdx6 expression and attenuate ROS-based ER stress and NF-κB-mediated aberrant signaling improves cell survival and may provide an avenue to treat and/or postpone diseases associated with ROS or ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Chhunchha
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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