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Elie AGIM, Bloksgaard M, Sun WY, Yang K, Man AWC, Xu A, Irmukhamedov A, Riber LP, Wang Y, De Mey JGR. Local enrichment of fatty acid-binding protein 4 in the pericardial cavity of cardiovascular disease patients. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206802. [PMID: 30395653 PMCID: PMC6218069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pericardial fluid may be representative of the interstitium of the heart. The aim of this study was to discriminate in cardiovascular disease patients between adipocytokines that are produced locally by the heart and those supplied by the circulation. METHODS Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to determine levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pBNP), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), leptin, lipocalin-2, neutrophil elastase, proteinase-3, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and adiponectin in venous plasma and pericardial fluid harvested during elective cardio-thoracic surgery (n = 132-152). RESULTS In pericardial fluid compared to plasma, the levels were significantly smaller (p < 0.001) for leptin, lipocalin-2, neutrophil elastase, proteinase-3, hsCRP and adiponectin. For these biomarkers, the ratio of pericardial fluid-to-plasma level ([PF]/[P], median (interquartile range)) was 0.65 (0.47-1.01), 0.78 (0.56-1.09), 0.23 (0.11-0.60), 0.17 (0.09-0.36), 0.14 (0.08-0.35), and 0.25 (0.15-0.34), respectively. In contrast, pericardial fluid was significantly enriched (p < 0.001) in NT-pBNP ([PF]/[P]: 1.9 (1.06-2.73)) and even more so for FABP4 ([PF]/[P]: 3.90 (1.47-9.77)). Moreover, in pericardial fluid, the adipocytokines interrelated all significantly positive and correlated negative to hsCRP, whereas for NT-pBNP only a significantly positive correlation with adiponectin was found. These interrelations were distinct from those in the plasma, as were the correlations of the pericardial biomarkers with patient characteristics compared to plasma. CONCLUSIONS In cardiovascular disease patients, the pericardial cavity is a distinct adipocytokine microenvironment in which especially FABP4 is mainly derived from the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atlanta G. I. M. Elie
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Maria Bloksgaard
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Wai Y. Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kangmin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andy W. C. Man
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Akhmadjon Irmukhamedov
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Lars P. Riber
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jo G. R. De Mey
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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Matloch Z, Kratochvílová H, Cinkajzlová A, Lipš M, Kopecký P, Pořízka M, Haluzíková D, Lindner J, Mráz M, Kloučková J, Lacinová Z, Haluzík M. Changes in omentin levels and its mRNA expression in epicardial adipose tissue in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery: the influence of type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease. Physiol Res 2018; 67:881-890. [PMID: 30204471 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Omentin is a protein produced by numerous tissues including adipose tissue. Its concentrations are decreased in patients with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Experimental studies suggest that omentin may have anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing properties. In the present study, we measured circulating omentin levels and its mRNA expression in epicardial and subcutaneous fat, intercostal and heart muscle before and after elective cardiac surgery in patients with CAD (CAD+, DM-, n=18), combination of CAD and DM (CAD+, DM+, n=9) or with none of these conditions (CAD-, DM-, n=11). The groups did not differ in baseline anthropometric and biochemical characteristics with the exception of higher blood glucose and HBA(1c) in CAD+, DM+ group. Baseline circulating omentin levels tended to be lower in CAD+, DM- and CAD+, DM+ groups as compared to CAD-, DM- group and cardiac surgery increased its concentration only in CAD-, DM- group. The change in serum omentin levels during surgery inversely correlated with epicardial fat thickness. While baseline omentin mRNA expression did not differ among the groups in any of the studied tissues, its increase after surgery was present only in subcutaneous fat in CAD-, DM- and CAD+, DM- groups, but not in CAD+, DM+ group. Intercostal muscle omentin mRNA expression increased after surgery only in CAD-, DM- group. In conclusion, cardiac surgery differentially affects omentin levels and subcutaneous fat and skeletal muscle mRNA expression in patients without coronary artery disease and diabetes as compared to patients with these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Matloch
- Dr. Pirek's Clinic, Mlada Boleslav, Czech Republic, Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Mach L, Bedanova H, Soucek M, Karpisek M, Konecny T, Nemec P, Orban M. Impact of cardiopulmonary bypass surgery on cytokines in epicardial adipose tissue: comparison with subcutaneous fat. Perfusion 2016; 32:279-284. [PMID: 28155592 DOI: 10.1177/0267659116683791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) have been shown to stimulate a systemic inflammatory response which has been associated with adverse postoperative outcomes. Adipose tissue, both epicardial (EAT) and subcutaneous (SAT), is a known source of inflammatory cytokines, but its role in the pathophysiology of surgery- and CPB-induced systemic inflammatory response has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we conducted a study to establish levels of selected cytokines in EAT and SAT prior to and after surgery with CPB. METHODS Adipose tissue samples were obtained from patients undergoing planned cardiac surgery on CPB. Samples from EAT and SAT were collected before and immediately after CPB. Levels of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (AFABP), leptin and adiponectin were determined by ELISA, which were adjusted for a total concentration of proteins in the individual samples. RESULTS Samples from 77 patients (mean age 67.68 ± 11.5 years) were obtained and analysed. Leptin, adiponectin, TNF-α and AFABP were shown to decrease their concentrations statistically significantly in the EAT after CPB while no statistically significant drop was observed in the SAT. On the contrary, IL-6 showed only a slight and statistically insignificant decrease in the EAT after CPB and it was in the SAT where a statistically significant drop was observed. DISCUSSION One of the most relevant findings of this study was the marked decrease in EAT levels of TNF-α, AFABP, leptin and adiponectin after the CPB termination. Our results suggest that EAT might serve as a pool of cytokines which are released into the circulation in reaction to surgery with CPB. Should these novel findings be confirmed, new strategies to assess and possibly reduce EAT contribution on adverse outcomes of cardiac surgery may be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Mach
- 1 University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,2 International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Bedanova
- 3 Centre of Cardiovascular Surgery and Organ Transplantation Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Soucek
- 2 International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Karpisek
- 4 Department of Human Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Konecny
- 5 Keck Medical Centre of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Petr Nemec
- 2 International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,3 Centre of Cardiovascular Surgery and Organ Transplantation Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Orban
- 3 Centre of Cardiovascular Surgery and Organ Transplantation Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,4 Department of Human Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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Adipokine Imbalance in the Pericardial Cavity of Cardiac and Vascular Disease Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154693. [PMID: 27139713 PMCID: PMC4854456 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Obesity and especially hypertrophy of epicardial adipose tissue accelerate coronary atherogenesis. We aimed at comparing levels of inflammatory and atherogenic hormones from adipose tissue in the pericardial fluid and circulation of cardiovascular disease patients. Methods and Results Venous plasma (P) and pericardial fluid (PF) were obtained from elective cardiothoracic surgery patients (n = 37). Concentrations of leptin, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) and adiponectin (APN) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The median concentration of leptin in PF (4.3 (interquartile range: 2.8–9.1) μg/L) was comparable to that in P (5.9 (2.2–11) μg/L) and these were significantly correlated to most of the same patient characteristics. The concentration of A-FABP was markedly higher (73 (28–124) versus 8.4 (5.2–14) μg/L) and that of APN was markedly lower (2.8 (1.7–4.2) versus 13 (7.2–19) mg/L) in PF compared to P. APN in PF was unlike in P not significantly related to age, body mass index, plasma triglycerides or coronary artery disease. PF levels of APN, but not A-FABP, were related to the size of paracardial adipocytes. PF levels of APN and A-FABP were not related to the immunoreactivity of paracardial adipocytes for these proteins. Conclusion In cardiac and vascular disease patients, PF is enriched in A-FABP and poor in APN. This adipokine microenvironment is more likely determined by the heart than by the circulation or paracardial adipose tissue.
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