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Zhao Z, Wu J, Yao X, Sun H, Wu Y, Zhou H, Wang X, Guo K, Deng B, Tang J. Influence of Fermented Broccoli Residues on Fattening Performance, Nutrient Utilization, and Meat Properties of Finishing Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1987. [PMID: 38998099 PMCID: PMC11240572 DOI: 10.3390/ani14131987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The study determined the impacts of dietary fermented residues' (FBR) inclusion on growth, nutrient utilization, carcass characteristics, and meat properties in fattening pigs. Seventy-two robust pigs were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, thirty-six pigs each). Each group was subjected to a 52-day trial, during which they received either a corn-soybean meal-based diet or diet enhanced with a 10% addition of FBR. Consequently, adding 10% FBR caused a significant decrease in the digestive utilization of crude dietary components in fattening pigs (p < 0.05) but showed no significant impact on the growth performance. Additionally, FBR inclusion increased the marbling scores (p < 0.05) and total antioxidant functions (p < 0.05) of muscle tissues, indicating improved meat quality. Gender affected backfat depth, with barrows showing thicker backfat depth. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 10% FBR in finishing pigs influenced the meat quality by improving the marbling score and antioxidant performance while reducing digestibility without compromising growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Institute of Zootechnics and Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yifei Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Hanghai Zhou
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Institute of Zootechnics and Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Bo Deng
- Institute of Zootechnics and Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jiangwu Tang
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
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Stewart J, Pavic A. Advances in enteropathogen control throughout the meat chicken production chain. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:2346-2407. [PMID: 37038302 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Enteropathogens, namely Salmonella and Campylobacter, are a concern in global public health and have been attributed in numerous risk assessments to a poultry source. During the last decade, a large body of research addressing this problem has been published. The literature reviewed contains review articles on certain aspects of poultry production chain; however, in the past decade there has not been a review on the entire chain-farm to fork-of poultry production. For this review, a pool of 514 articles were selected for relevance via a systematic screening process (from >7500 original search articles). These studies identified a diversity of management and intervention strategies for the elimination or reduction of enteropathogens in poultry production. Many studies were laboratory or limited field trials with implementation in true commercial operations being problematic. Entities considering using commercial antienteropathogen products and interventions are advised to perform an internal validation and fit-for-purpose trial as Salmonella and Campylobacter serovars and biovars may have regional diversity. Future research should focus on nonchemical application within the processing plant and how a combination of synergisticinterventions through the production chain may contribute to reducing the overall carcass burden of enteropathogens, coupled with increased consumer education on safe handling and cooking of poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Stewart
- Birling Laboratories Pty Ltd, Bringelly, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony Pavic
- Birling Laboratories Pty Ltd, Bringelly, New South Wales, Australia
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Ji XY, Deng XJ, Shi HY, Wang JP, Liu N. Effect of Sunflower Kernel Peptides Produced by Dual-Degradation on the Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Health Status of Broilers. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Lassen B, Helwigh B, Kahl Petersen C, Ellis-Iversen J. Systematic review of products with potential application for use in the control of Campylobacter spp. in organic and free-range broilers. Acta Vet Scand 2022; 64:24. [PMID: 36076217 PMCID: PMC9461118 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-022-00644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter spp. are some of the most important food-borne zoonoses in Europe and broiler meat is considered the main source of Campylobacter infections. Organic and free-range broilers have access to outdoor reservoirs of Campylobacter and are more frequently infected at slaughter than the conventional broiler flocks. Limitations to biosecurity and treatment options in these production types calls for additional solutions. This review examines intervention methods with sufficient strength and quality, which are able to reduce the load of Campylobacter safely and efficiently and discuss their applicability in organic and free-range broiler production. Four different products passed the inclusion criteria and their quality examined: ferric tyrosine chelate, a prebiotic fermentation product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, short-chain fatty acid butyrate coated on microbeads added to feed, and a mix of organic acids added to the drinking water. Though potential candidates for reducing Campylobacter in broilers were identified, there is a lack of large scale intervention studies that demonstrate an effect under field conditions of a free-range broiler production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Lassen
- Research Group for Foodborne Pathogens and Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Helwigh
- Research Group for Global Capacity Building, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Channie Kahl Petersen
- Research Group for Global Capacity Building, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Effect of fermentation of chosen vegetables on the nutrient, mineral, and biocomponent profile in human and animal nutrition. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13422. [PMID: 35927577 PMCID: PMC9352655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17782-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the dry matter, crude ash, crude protein, ether extract, and energy, macro- (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P), micro- (Zn, Cu, Fe) minerals, heavy metals (Pb, Cd), vitamin C, A, carotene, and phenolic content were determined in chosen raw and fermented vegetables. The dietary intake of several macro- and microconstituents per one serving (100 g or humans and animals: ducks and pigs) was calculated. The fermentation process was found to reduce water and increase fat content in the vegetables. Lower levels of vitamin C and phenols were also found in the fermented vegetables. The vitamin A and carotene content in the fermented carrots and peppers were increased in comparison with the raw vegetables. The fermentation process decreased the concentration of some basic nutrients, mineral content, vitamins C and A, and phenols. Broccoli, peppers, and red beet had the highest levels of the analyzed nutrients and bioconstituents. The fermentation process is regarded by nutritionists as beneficial to human health. The addition of fermented plants is recommended in animal nutrition as well. This process modifies the chemical composition of preserved vegetables, e.g. it reduces the concentration of dietary fiber, and brings favorable effects in poultry and pig nutrition.
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Li P, Ji X, Deng X, Hu S, Wang J, Ding K, Liu N. Effect of rapeseed meal degraded by enzymolysis and fermentation on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and health status of broilers. Arch Anim Nutr 2022; 76:221-232. [PMID: 36645048 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2022.2162801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the nutritional changes of degraded rapeseed meal and its effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and health status of broilers. Raw rapeseed meal (CON), degraded by enzymolysis (protease, ERM), fermentation (Bacillus subtilis, FRM) or both (DRM) were included in diets at 25% and fed to 480 yellow-feathered broilers at 22-63 d of age. Results showed that rapeseed peptide contents (≤1 kDa) were increased (p < 0.05) from 4.13% (CON) to 35.5% (ERM), 24.1% (FRM) and 50.4% (DRM); glucosinolate and erucic acid in DRM were decreased (p < 0.05) by 71.6% and 86.2%, respectively, compared to CON. There were increases (p ≤ 0.029) in feed intake, body weight gain, feed efficiency and precaecal digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, cysteine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, threonine, tryptophan and valine in the three degraded diets. Also, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase were raised (p ≤ 0.034) in the degraded diets. Additionally, DRM showed more pronounced effects (p < 0.05) on variables related to growth, digestibility and health than ERM and FRM. It is concluded that rapeseed meal degraded by both enzymolysis and fermentation can increase its nutritional values and application in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Li
- Department of Animal Science, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- Department of Animal Science, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xuejuan Deng
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing, China
| | - Siyu Hu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ke Ding
- Department of Animal Science, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Animal Science, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Alternative poultry production systems continue to expand as markets for organic and naturally produced poultry meat and egg products increase. However, these production systems represent challenges associated with variable environmental conditions and exposure to foodborne pathogens. Consequently, there is a need to introduce feed additives that can support bird health and performance. There are several candidate feed additives with potential applications in alternative poultry production systems. Prebiotic compounds selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial gastrointestinal microorganisms leading to improved health of the host and limiting the establishment of foodborne pathogens. The shift in the gastrointestinal microbiota and modulation of fermentation can inhibit the establishment of foodborne pathogens such as Campylobacter and Salmonella. Both current and potential applications of prebiotics in alternative poultry production systems will be discussed in this review. Different sources and types of prebiotics that could be developed for alternative poultry production will also be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Ricke
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.
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