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Hajiazizi F, Sadeghi A, Ibrahim S. Camelina sativa (L. Crantz) products; an alternative feed ingredient for poultry diets with its nutritional and physiological consequences. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:59. [PMID: 38273063 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Due to increased demand for common feedstuffs such as corn, soybean and fish meals for poultry diets, the search for alternative sources of energy and protein for feed production could help to reduce production costs in the commercial poultry industry. Camelina sativa might be considered a new source of protein, energy and n-3 fatty acids (FA) in poultry diets. The oil content of camelina seeds (CS) is about 35 to 40%. Approximately 50% of this oil is composed of polyunsaturated FA. Moreover, camelina meal (CM) has 16% crude fat. The major n-3 FA of CS and CM is α-linolenic acid (about 30%) which is considered to be nutritionally important. The oil contains other bio-active compounds such as γ-tocopherol, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Camelina seeds and meal can produce 6258 and 5110 kcal/kg of gross energy, 245-292 and 315-398 g/kg crude protein and 248 and 127 g/kg crude fibre, respectively. However, CS and CM contain 21.77 and 28.08 μmol/g glucosinolates and 12.10 and 12.93 TIU /mg trypsin inhibitors, respectively as anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) that can affect poultry performance adversely. Overall, dietary inclusion of camelina products will supply energy and protein for bird, enhance the antioxidant capacity and lipid stability of poultry products and provide health-promoting n-3 FA and tocopherol rich-foods to humans. However, raw CS contains some ANFs, and its maximum safe level (MSL) is 5% meal or seed, and 2% oil for all type of birds. Hence, it is necessary to establish suitable techniques for removing anti-nutritional factors from CS and increase its MSL in poultry diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Hajiazizi
- Departments of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 6617715175, Iran.
| | - Amirali Sadeghi
- Departments of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 6617715175, Iran
| | - Salam Ibrahim
- Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, 173 Carver Hall, North Carolina Agriculture and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA
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Banstola B, Gamage PL, Jiang W, Mudalige T. Analysis of phospholipids and triacylglycerols in intravenous lipid emulsions. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 222:115112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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Use of Camelina sativa and By-Products in Diets for Dairy Cows: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12091082. [PMID: 35565509 PMCID: PMC9101957 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Camelina sativa, belonging to the Brassicaceae family, has been grown since 4000 B.C. as an oilseed crop that is more drought- and cold-resistant. Increased demand for its oil, meal, and other derivatives has increased researchers’ interest in this crop. Its anti-nutritional factors can be reduced by solvent, enzyme and heat treatments, and genetic engineering. Inclusion of camelina by-products increases branched-chain volatile fatty acids, decreases neutral detergent fiber digestibility, has no effect on acid detergent fiber digestibility, and lowers acetate levels in dairy cows. Feeding camelina meal reduces ruminal methane, an environmental benefit of using camelina by-products in ruminant diets. The addition of camelina to dairy cow diets decreases ruminal cellulolytic bacteria and bio-hydrogenation. This reduced bio-hydrogenation results in an increase in desirable fatty acids and a decrease in saturated fatty acids in milk obtained from cows fed diets with camelina seeds or its by-products. Studies suggest that by-products of C. sativa can be used safely in dairy cows at appropriate inclusion levels. However, suppression in fat milk percentage and an increase in trans fatty acid isomers should be considered when increasing the inclusion rate of camelina by-products, due to health concerns.
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Panaite TD, Turcu RP, Soica C, Visinescu P. Nutritional parameters of eggs from laying hens fed with flaxseed meal or mixture with rapeseed meal or rice bran. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2020.1848846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Dumitra Panaite
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Physiology, National Research-Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition (IBNA), Balotesti, Romania
| | - Raluca Paula Turcu
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Physiology, National Research-Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition (IBNA), Balotesti, Romania
| | - Cristina Soica
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Physiology, National Research-Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition (IBNA), Balotesti, Romania
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Camelina sativa Oil and Camelina Cake as Sources of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Diets of Laying Hens: Effect on Hen Performance, Fatty Acid Profile of Yolk Lipids, and Egg Sensory Quality. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2020-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effect of the use of Camelina sativa oil as a dietary ingredient for laying hens on their growth performance, fatty acid profile of yolk lipids, and egg quality parameters. In the experiment, 72 Hy-Line laying hens aged 26 weeks were randomly assigned to three groups with four treatments. Control group (I) was fed the diet containing 4% rapeseed oil (RO group). Experimental groups were fed diets containing 4% camelina oil (CSO group) and 10% camelina cake (group CSC). Feed consumption was measured for each group. The number of laid eggs and their weight were recorded every day. Eggs for the assessment of quality parameters were collected in the last 3 days of the experiment. Egg quality, chemical composition of yolk, and fatty acid profile were determined. Organoleptic evaluation was performed on boiled eggs. The inclusion of C. sativa oil or camelina cake in the laying hen diet did not affect egg weight, albumen quality, or taste and flavor. The experimental groups also showed a tendency toward an increase in the proportion of yolk in the egg (%). Addition of 4% camelina oil or 10% camelina cake to the diet of laying hens reduced monounsaturated fatty acid level in yolk lipids and significantly increased n-3 PUFA content, in particular ALA, EPA, and DHA, compared to the control group.
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Mechanical Harvesting of Camelina: Work Productivity, Costs and Seed Loss Evaluation. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13205329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Camelina is a low input crop than can be cultivated in rotation with cereals to provide vegetable oil suitable for bioenergy production, industrial applications and even as source of food for livestock. At large scale farming, camelina seeds are currently harvested using a combine harvester, equipped with a cereal header, but the literature still lacks the knowledge of the performance of the machine, the harvesting cost and the related loss of seeds. The present study aims to fulfill that gap by reporting the results obtained from an ad hoc harvest field test. Camelina seed yield was 0.95 Mg ha−1 which accounted for the 18.60% of the total above ground biomass. Theoretical field capacity, effective field capacity and field efficiency were 3.38 ha h−1, 3.17 ha h−1 and 93.7% respectively, albeit the seed loss was 80.1 kg ha−1 FM (7.82% w/w of the potential seed yield). The presence of material other than grain was rather high, 31.77% w/w, which implies a second step of cleaning to avoid undesired modification of the seed quality. Harvesting cost was estimated in 65.97 € ha−1. Our findings provide evidence on the suitability to use a conventional combine harvester equipped with a cereal header for the harvesting of camelina seeds, although some improvements are required to reduce both seed loss and impurities.
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Lolli S, Grilli G, Ferrari L, Battelli G, Pozzo S, Galasso I, Russo R, Brasca M, Reggiani R, Ferrante V. Effect of Different Percentage of Camelina sativa Cake in Laying Hens Diet: Performance, Welfare, and Eggshell Quality. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1396. [PMID: 32796606 PMCID: PMC7459675 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] is a good source of protein, antioxidants, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, its antinutritional compounds limit its use in animal feeding. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of feeding laying hens with up to 20% of camelina cake from a breeding line containing a low level of glucosinolates on performance, welfare, and eggshell quality. Two hundred and forty Hy-Line® hens from 18 to 51 weeks of age were divided into three treatments: control (C), camelina cake 10% (CAM10), and camelina cake 20% (CAM20). Egg number was recorded daily, while egg weight, feed consumption, and mortality were recorded weekly. At 24 and 43 weeks of hen age, shell resistance to fracture was measured. Our results demonstrate no detrimental effects for CAM10 and CAM20 diets on feed intake, growth performance, and welfare. No difference in egg production was detected among the diets. The significant (p < 0.05) interaction of diet and age factors suggest that the addition of camelina cake, up to 20%, likely protects the eggshell of older hens. Our findings confirm that camelina cake might be an alternative and sustainable protein source for hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Lolli
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.L.); (L.F.)
| | - Guido Grilli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Ferrari
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.L.); (L.F.)
| | - Giovanna Battelli
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy; (G.B.); (S.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Sara Pozzo
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy; (G.B.); (S.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Incoronata Galasso
- National Research Council, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (I.G.); (R.R.); (R.R.)
| | - Roberto Russo
- National Research Council, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (I.G.); (R.R.); (R.R.)
| | - Milena Brasca
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy; (G.B.); (S.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Remo Reggiani
- National Research Council, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (I.G.); (R.R.); (R.R.)
| | - Valentina Ferrante
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.L.); (L.F.)
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Zakharchenko NS, Furs OV, Pigoleva SV, Dyachenko OV, Aripovskii AV, Buryanov YI, Shevchuk TV. Obtainment and Analysis of Marker-Free Oil Plants Camelina sativa (L.) Expressing of Antimicrobial Peptide Cecropin P1 Gene. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683819090096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Panaite TD, Nour V, Vlaicu PA, Ropota M, Corbu AR, Saracila M. Flaxseed and dried tomato waste used together in laying hens diet. Arch Anim Nutr 2019; 73:222-238. [PMID: 31055971 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2019.1586500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of simultaneous supplementation of laying hens with dietary sources of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and carotenoids on egg quality, fatty acids and carotenoid profile of the egg yolk and on feed and yolk lipid peroxidation. A 6-week experiment was carried out with 53-week old laying hens (96 Tetra SL) assigned to a control and three treatment groups supplemented with 5% flaxseeds and different levels of dried tomato waste (DTW, 2.5%, 5.0% and 10.0%). Hens from the groups supplemented with 5% and 7.5% DTW had a significantly lower average daily feed intake and laying percentage as compared to the control. Increased doses of dietary DTW enhanced yolk Roche colour score in direct correlation with the enrichment of egg yolk in carotenoids but decreased their transfer efficiency from feed to egg. After 4 weeks, egg yolk from hens fed with 5% flaxseeds and 7.5% DTW had increased lutein and zeaxanthin levels (by 29% and 24%, respectively) and the colour score was 3.5 fold higher compared to the control group. As a result of the dietary supplementation with flaxseed, the n-3 fatty acid content was 3.1-3.7-fold higher in egg yolk compared with the control and the n-6/n-3 ratio decreased from 18.3 (control) to 4.1-5.4 in supplemented diets. Dietary supplementation with 5% DTW effectively prevented lipid oxidation of eggs enriched with n-3 PUFA, but the increase in DTW content depressed the absorption and deposition of n-3 PUFA in egg yolk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Dumitra Panaite
- a Laboratory of Chemistry and Nutrition Physiology, National Research Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition , Balotesti , Romania
| | - Violeta Nour
- b Department of Horticulture & Food Science , University of Craiova , Craiova , Romania
| | - Petru Alexandru Vlaicu
- a Laboratory of Chemistry and Nutrition Physiology, National Research Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition , Balotesti , Romania
| | - Mariana Ropota
- a Laboratory of Chemistry and Nutrition Physiology, National Research Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition , Balotesti , Romania
| | - Alexandru Radu Corbu
- c Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering , "Dunarea de Jos" University , Galati , Romania
| | - Mihaela Saracila
- a Laboratory of Chemistry and Nutrition Physiology, National Research Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition , Balotesti , Romania
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Effect of dietary chromium supplementation on meat nutritional quality and antioxidant status from broilers fed with Camelina-meal-supplemented diets. Animal 2019; 13:2939-2947. [PMID: 31122301 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731119001162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry meat is a valuable source of nutrients and the enrichment with health-promoting substances such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) is an important factor for consumers' choice. Camelina meal (Camelina sativa) is an animal feedstuff used to achieve this goal, but the administration of n-3 PUFA-enriched diets in broiler nutrition can accelerate the oxidative processes in meat leading to a decreased quality of final product. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the organic Cr as chromium picolinate (CrPic) on meat quality, fatty acid profile of fat and oxidative stability of meat from broilers fed supplemented dietary Camelina meal. An experiment was conducted on 240 Ross 308 broiler chicken aged 14 days which were assigned to 6 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. Within the treatment arrangement two concentrations of Camelina meal (0% and 3%) and three concentrations of Cr3+ (0, 200 and 400 μg/kg) were used. Dietary treatments were: (1) Control diet (C) containing a corn-soybean diet with no added Camelina meal or Cr3+; (2) a C diet containing an additional 200 μg/kg of Cr3+ as CrPic; (3) a C diet containing an additional 400 μg/kg of Cr3+ as CrPic; (4) a C diet containing an additional 3% Camelina meal; (5) diet 2 containing an additional 3% Camelina meal; (6) diet 3 containing an additional 3% Camelina meal. Chromium supplementation significantly (P<0.05) increased the CP concentrations and significantly (P<0.05) decreased the crude fat concentrations in breast samples. The Camelina meal groups presented higher values of unsaturated fatty acids, particularly n-3 fatty acids (P<0.05). In CrPic groups, increased retention of Zn and Fe (P < 0.05) was observed in breast samples, compared to control group, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values were significantly (P<0.05) smaller. Myoglobin fraction (metmyoglobin and oximyoglobin) concentrations differ significantly (P<0.05) from the control group, under the influence of Cr3+ supplements. This study found that broilers fed with CrPic supplements showed improved mineral composition and oxidative stability of breast meat, proving an effective protection of lipid molecules from oxidation in PUFA-enriched meat.
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Anca G, Hăbeanu M, Lefter NA, Ropotă M. Performance Parameters, Plasma Lipid Status, and Lymphoid Tissue Fatty Acid Profile of Broiler Chicks Fed Camelina Cake. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Anca
- National Research & Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition, Romania
| | - M Hăbeanu
- National Research & Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition, Romania
| | - NA Lefter
- National Research & Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition, Romania
| | - M Ropotă
- National Research & Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition, Romania
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Varzaru I, Panaite TD, Cornescu GM, Olteanu M. Apparent Faecal Digestibility of Essential Amino Acids from Ω3 Pufa Diets for Laying Hens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Varzaru
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Romania
| | - TD Panaite
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Romania
| | - GM Cornescu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Romania
| | - M Olteanu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Romania
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Woyengo TA, Patterson R, Levesque CL. Nutritive value of multienzyme supplemented cold-pressed camelina cake for pigs. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:1119-1129. [PMID: 29385458 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skx025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold-pressed camelina cake (CPCC) is a fibrous co-product of camelina seed pressing and available for livestock feeding. However, information is lacking on the effect of supplementing fiber-degrading enzymes to CPCC-based diets on nutrient utilization by pigs. Experiment 1 determined the effect of multienzyme supplementation on standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acid (AA) and net energy (NE) value of CPCC for pigs. Six ileal-cannulated barrows (average initial body weight [BW] = 36 kg) were fed five diets in 5 × 5 Latin square design with 1 added column to give six replicates per diet. The diets were a corn-soybean meal (SBM)-soybean oil-based diet and the basal diet with corn, SBM, and soybean oil replaced by 25% CPCC with or without multienzyme (600 U of xylanase, 75 U of glucanase, 250 U of cellulose, 30 U of mannanase, 350 U of invertase, 2,500 U of protease, and 6,000 U of amylase/kg of diet; Superzyme-CS, 0.5 g/kg) in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. The fifth diet was a low-casein cornstarch-based diet. The ratio of corn to SBM and soybean oil in the basal diet was identical to the CCPC-containing diets to allow calculation of nutrient digestibility of CPCC by the difference method. On a dry matter (DM) basis, CPCC contained 42% crude protein, 10.5% ether extract, 25.4% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), 2.07% Lys, 0.73% Met, 1.64% Thr, 0.51% Trp, and 22.1 trypsin inhibitor units per milligram, respectively. The SID of Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp for CPCC were 43.5%, 70.7%, 44.8%, and 55.3%, respectively. The digestible energy (DE) and NE values for CPCC were 3,663 and 2,209 kcal/kg of DM, respectively. Multienzyme supplementation did not affect the SID of AA, and DE and NE values for the corn-SBM-CPCC-based diet, and for the CPCC. In experiment 2, the effects of multienzyme dosage (0.5 or 50 g/kg of treated feedstuff) on porcine in vitro digestibility of DM (IVDDM) of CPCC was determined. The IVDDM of CPCC was increased (P < 0.001) with an increase in multienzyme dosage. Multienzyme at 0.5 g/kg did not affect IVDDM of CPCC. However, multienzyme at 50 g/kg increased (P < 0.01) IVDDM for CPCC by at least 16%. In conclusion, multienzyme at 0.5 g/kg did not affect SID of AA and NE values, and IVDDM for CPCC. However, multienzyme at 50 g/kg improved IVDDM of CPCC, implying that the efficacy of the multienzyme with regard to improving nutrient digestibility of CPCC in pigs is dosage dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Woyengo
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - R Patterson
- Canadian Bio-Systems Inc., Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - C L Levesque
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
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Alhotan RA, Vedenov DV, Pesti GM. Estimation of the maximum safe level of feed ingredients by spline or broken-line nonlinear regression models. Poult Sci 2017; 96:904-913. [PMID: 27702921 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of non-linear regression models in the analysis of biological data has led to advances in poultry nutrition. Spline or broken-line nonlinear regression models are commonly used to estimate nutritional requirements. One particular application of broken-line models is estimating the maximum safe level (MSL) of feed ingredients beyond which the ingredients become toxic, resulting in reduced performance. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of broken-line models (broken-line linear or BLL; and broken-line quadratic or BLQ) in estimating the MSL; to identify the most efficient design of feeding trials by finding the optimal number of ingredient levels and replications; and to re-estimate the MSL of various test ingredients reported in the nutrition literature for comparison purposes. The Maximum Ingredient level Optimization Workbook (MIOW) was developed to simulate a series of experiments and estimate the MSL and the corresponding descriptive statistics (SD, SE, CI, and R2). The results showed that the broken-line models provided good estimates of the MSL (small SE and high R2) with the BLL model producing higher MSL values as compared to the BLQ model. Increasing the number of experimental replications or ingredient levels (independently of each other) reduced the SE of the MSL with diminishing returns. The SE of the MSL was reduced with increasing the size (total pens) of the simulated experiments by increasing either the number of replications or levels or both. The evaluation of MSLs reported in the existing literature revealed that the multiple range procedure used to determine the MSL in several reports can both overestimate and underestimate the MSL compared to the results obtained by the broken-line models. The results suggest that the broken-line linear models can be used in lieu of the multiple range test to estimate the MSL of feed ingredients along with the corresponding descriptive statistics, such as the SE of the MSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Alhotan
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602
| | - D V Vedenov
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843
| | - G M Pesti
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602
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Pekel AY, Horn NL, Adeola O. The efficacy of dietary xylanase and phytase in broiler chickens fed expeller-extracted camelina meal. Poult Sci 2017; 96:98-107. [PMID: 27252371 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary phytase (PHY) and xylanase (XYL) on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal characteristics in broilers fed corn-soybean meal-based diets with added expeller-extracted camelina meal (CM). The corn-soybean meal-based diets without or with CM was formulated to contain 2.9 or 2.7 g/kg non phytate phosphorus, respectively. A total of 384 male Ross 708 broilers were allocated to 8 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with 6 replicates per treatment, from 7 to 21 d post hatching. The experiment consisted of a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with 2 dietary CM levels (zero or 100 g/kg), 2 dietary levels of XYL (zero or 800 unit/kg), and 2 dietary levels of PHY (zero or 4,000 unit/kg). Chromic oxide was included in the diets as an indigestible marker. Growth was measured throughout the experiment and excreta were collected on d 18 to 21 post hatching for measurement of nutrient and energy retention. On d 21 post hatching, broilers were euthanized by CO2 asphyxiation, ileal digesta was collected for nutrient and energy digestibility measurements, and the left tibia was removed for bone ash measurement. Furthermore, duodenal digesta was collected and a segment of the mid jejunum was excised for viscosity and morphology measurement, respectively. Broilers fed 100 g/kg CM diets showed lower (P < 0.001) BW gain and G:F than those fed zero g/kg CM diets for 7 to 14 d and 7 to 21 d post hatching periods, respectively. Phytase supplementation improved (P < 0.05) all the growth parameters measured regardless of CM addition. Phytase supplementation resulted in an increase (P < 0.05) in jejunum villus height but there was no impact of CM or XYL. Additionally, duodenal digesta viscosity increased (P < 0.001) with added CM. Tibia ash and weight increased (P < 0.001) with PHY supplementation. There was a CM × PHY interaction (P < 0.05) on percentage tibia ash, with greater PHY effect in zero g/kg CM diets compared with 100 g/kg CM diets. Phytase supplementation increased (P < 0.05) ileal DM, N, energy, P, and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility. In diets with 100 g/kg CM, addition of PHY had a greater effect (CM × PHY; P < 0.05) on ileal P digestibility compared with diet without CM. There was a CM × PHY interaction (P < 0.05) for ileal digestible energy (IDE) in which PHY increased the IDE in birds fed CM supplemented diets. Both ileal digestibility and retentions of DM, N, energy, and IDE, AME, and AMEn were decreased (P < 0.05) by CM supplementation. Retention of ether extract and NDF decreased (P < 0.05) with CM supplementation. Nitrogen retention, AME, and AMEn decreased (CM × XYL; P < 0.05) with XYL supplementation in zero g/kg CM diets. There were CM × XYL interactions (P < 0.01) for P and Ca retentions in which XYL increased retentions in 100 g/kg CM diets. In conclusion, PHY was efficacious at improving P digestibility and retention of birds fed low P corn-soy based diets without or with CM. However, regardless of CM addition, XYL did not improve nutrient utilization and growth performance of broiler chickens. The present data also show that the mechanism underlying the detrimental effects of CM inclusion on nutrient utilization is not mediated through gut morphology and goblet cell density. The data also show that the villus height increase occurring with PHY addition might be a contributor to the improvements in ileal DM, N, and energy digestibility obtained with PHY supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Y Pekel
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34320, Turkey
| | - N L Horn
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - O Adeola
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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Adhikari P, Heo J, Nyachoti C. Standardized total tract digestibility of phosphorus in camelina (Camelina sativa) meal fed to growing pigs without or phytase supplementation. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cherian G, Quezada N. Egg quality, fatty acid composition and immunoglobulin Y content in eggs from laying hens fed full fat camelina or flax seed. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2016; 7:15. [PMID: 26949531 PMCID: PMC4778331 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-016-0075-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current study was conducted to evaluate egg quality and egg yolk fatty acids and immunoglobulin (IgY) content from laying hens fed full fat camelina or flax seed. Methods A total of 75, 48-week-old Lohman brown hens were randomly allocated to 3 treatments, with 5 replicates containing 5 laying hens each replicate. The hens were fed corn-soybean basal diet (Control), or Control diet with 10 % of full fat camelina (Camelina) or flax seed (Flax) for a period of 16 wk. Hen production performance egg quality, egg yolk lipids, fatty acids and IgY were determined every 28 d during the experimental period. Results Egg production was higher in hens fed Camelina and Flax than in Control hens (P < 0.05). Egg weight and albumen weight was lowest in eggs from hens fed Camelina (P < 0.05). Shell weight relative to egg weight (shell weight %), and shell thickness was lowest in eggs from hens fed Flax (P < 0.05). No difference was noted in Haugh unit, yolk:albumen ratio, and yolk weight. Significant increase in α-linolenic (18:3 n-3), docosapentaenoic (22:5 n-3) and docoshexaenoic (22:6 n-3) acids were observed in egg yolk from hens fed Camelina and Flax. Total n-3 fatty acids constituted 1.19 % in Control eggs compared to 3.12 and 3.09 % in Camelina and Flax eggs, respectively (P < 0.05). Eggs from hens fed Camelina and Flax had the higher IgY concentration than those hens fed Control diet when expressed on a mg/g of yolk basis (P < 0.05). Although the egg weight was significantly lower in Camelina-fed hens, the total egg content of IgY was highest in eggs from hens fed Camelina (P < 0.05). Conclusions The egg n-3 fatty acid and IgY enhancing effect of dietary camelina seed warrants further attention into the potential of using camelina as a functional feed ingredient in poultry feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita Cherian
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - Nathalie Quezada
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
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Pekel A, Kim J, Chapple C, Adeola O. Nutritional characteristics of camelina meal for 3-week-old broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2015; 94:371-8. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/peu066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Taranu I, Gras M, Pistol GC, Motiu M, Marin DE, Lefter N, Ropota M, Habeanu M. ω-3 PUFA rich camelina oil by-products improve the systemic metabolism and spleen cell functions in fattening pigs. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110186. [PMID: 25303320 PMCID: PMC4193896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Camelina oil-cakes results after the extraction of oil from Camelina sativa plant. In this study, camelina oil-cakes were fed to fattening pigs for 33 days and its effect on performance, plasma biochemical analytes, pro-/anti-inflammatory mediators and antioxidant detoxifying defence in spleen was investigated in comparison with sunflower meal. 24 crossbred TOPIG pigs were randomly assigned to one of two experimental dietary treatments containing either 12% sunflower meal (treatment 1-T1), or 12.0% camelina oil-cakes, rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids ω-3 (ω-3 PUFA) (treatment 2-T2). The results showed no effect of T2 diet (camelina cakes) on feed intake, average weight gain or feed efficiency. Consumption of camelina diet resulted in a significant decrease in plasma glucose concentration (18.47%) with a trend towards also a decrease of plasma cholesterol. In spleen, T2 diet modulated cellular immune response by decreasing the protein and gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers, interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin (IL-8) and cyclooxigenase 2 (COX-2) in comparison with T1 diet. By contrast, T2 diet increased (P<0.05) in spleen the mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) by 3.43, 2.47 and 1.83 fold change respectively, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (4.60 fold), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (3.23 fold) and the total antioxidant level (9.02%) in plasma. Camelina diet increased also peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) mRNA and decreased that of mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (p38α MAPK) and nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells (NF-κB). At this level of inclusion (12%) camelina oil-cakes appears to be a potentially alternative feed source for pig which preserves a high content of ω-3 PUFA indicating antioxidant properties by the stimulation of detoxifying enzymes expression and the suppression of spleen pro-inflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionelia Taranu
- INCDBNA-IBNA, National Institute of Research and development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Balotesti, Romania
| | - Mihail Gras
- INCDBNA-IBNA, National Institute of Research and development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Balotesti, Romania
| | - Gina Cecilia Pistol
- INCDBNA-IBNA, National Institute of Research and development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Balotesti, Romania
| | - Monica Motiu
- INCDBNA-IBNA, National Institute of Research and development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Balotesti, Romania
| | - Daniela E. Marin
- INCDBNA-IBNA, National Institute of Research and development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Balotesti, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Lefter
- INCDBNA-IBNA, National Institute of Research and development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Balotesti, Romania
| | - Mariana Ropota
- INCDBNA-IBNA, National Institute of Research and development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Balotesti, Romania
| | - Mihaela Habeanu
- INCDBNA-IBNA, National Institute of Research and development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Balotesti, Romania
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Jaśkiewicz T, Sagan A, Puzio I. Effect of the Camelina sativa oil on the performance, essential fatty acid level in tissues and fat-soluble vitamins content in the livers of broiler chickens. Livest Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Aziza A, Panda A, Quezada N, Cherian G. Nutrient digestibility, egg quality, and fatty acid composition of brown laying hens fed camelina or flaxseed meal. J APPL POULTRY RES 2013. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2013-00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Zakharchenko NS, Kalyaeva MA, Buryanov YI. Expression of cecropin P1 gene increases resistance of Camelina sativa (L.) plants to microbial phytopathogenes. RUSS J GENET+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s102279541305013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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De novo assembly and characterization of Camelina sativa transcriptome by paired-end sequencing. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:146. [PMID: 23496985 PMCID: PMC3635884 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biofuels extracted from the seeds of Camelina sativa have recently been used successfully as environmentally friendly jet-fuel to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Camelina sativa is genetically very close to Arabidopsis thaliana, and both are members of the Brassicaceae. Although public databases are currently available for some members of the Brassicaceae, such as A. thaliana, A. lyrata, Brassica napus, B. juncea and B. rapa, there are no public Expressed Sequence Tags (EST) or genomic data for Camelina sativa. In this study, a high-throughput, large-scale RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of the Camelina sativa transcriptome was carried out to generate a database that will be useful for further functional analyses. Results Approximately 27 million clean “reads” filtered from raw reads by removal of adaptors, ambiguous reads and low-quality reads (2.42 gigabase pairs) were generated by Illumina paired-end RNA-seq technology. All of these clean reads were assembled de novo into 83,493 unigenes and 103,196 transcripts using SOAPdenovo and Trinity, respectively. The average length of the transcripts generated by Trinity was 697 bp (N50 = 976), which was longer than the average length of unigenes (319 bp, N50 = 346 bp). Nonetheless, the assembly generated by SOAPdenovo produced similar number of non-redundant hits (22,435) with that of Trinity (22,433) in BLASTN searches of the Arabidopsis thaliana CDS sequence database (TAIR). Four public databases, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Swiss-prot, NCBI non-redundant protein (NR), and the Cluster of Orthologous Groups (COG), were used for unigene annotation; 67,791 of 83,493 unigenes (81.2%) were finally annotated with gene descriptions or conserved protein domains that were mapped to 25,329 non-redundant protein sequences. We mapped 27,042 of 83,493 unigenes (32.4%) to 119 KEGG metabolic pathways. Conclusions This is the first report of a transcriptome database for Camelina sativa, an environmentally important member of the Brassicaceae. We showed that C. savita is closely related to Arabidopsis spp. and more distantly related to Brassica spp. Although the majority of annotated genes had high sequence identity to those of A. thaliana, a substantial proportion of disease-resistance genes (NBS-encoding LRR genes) were instead more closely similar to the genes of other Brassicaceae; these genes included BrCN, BrCNL, BrNL, BrTN, BrTNL in B. rapa. As plant genomes are under long-term selection pressure from environmental stressors, conservation of these disease-resistance genes in C. sativa and B. rapa genomes implies that they are exposed to the threats from closely-related pathogens in their natural habitats.
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GUL M, YORUK MA, AKSU T, KAYA A, KAYNAR O. The Effect of Different Levels of Canola Oil on Performance, Egg Shell Quality and Fatty Acid Composition of Laying Hens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2012.769.776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kakani R, Fowler J, Haq AU, Murphy EJ, Rosenberger TA, Berhow M, Bailey CA. Camelina meal increases egg n-3 fatty acid content without altering quality or production in laying hens. Lipids 2012; 47:519-26. [PMID: 22302480 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-012-3656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Camelina sativa is an oilseed plant rich in n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and extruding the seeds results in high protein meal (*40%) containing high levels of n-3 fatty acids. In this study, we examined the effects of feeding extruded defatted camelina meal to commercial laying hens, measuring egg production, quality, and fatty acid composition. Lohmann White Leghorn hens (29 weeks old) were randomly allocated to three dietary treatment groups (n = 25 per group) and data was collected over a 12 week production period. All the treatment groups were fed a corn soy based experimental diet containing 0% (control), 5, or 10% extruded camelina meal. We found no significant differences in percent hen-day egg production and feed consumed per dozen eggs. Egg shell strength was significantly higher in both camelina groups compared to the controls. Egg total n-3 fatty acid content increased 1.9- and 2.7-fold in 5 and 10% camelina groups respectively relative to the control. A similar increase in DHA content also occurred. Further camelina meal did not alter glucosinolate levels and no detectable glucosinolates or metabolic product isothiocyanates were found in the eggs from either the 5 or 10% camelina groups. These results indicate that camelina meal is a viable dietary source of n-3 fatty acids for poultry and its dietary inclusion results in eggs enriched with n-3 fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Kakani
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, Kleberg Center, College Station, TX 77843-2472, USA.
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Thacker P, Widyaratne G. Effects of expeller pressed camelina meal and/or canola meal on digestibility, performance and fatty acid composition of broiler chickens fed wheat-soybean meal-based diets. Arch Anim Nutr 2012; 66:402-15. [PMID: 22881197 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2012.710082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to compare the effects of graded levels of camelina meal and/or canola meal on digestibility, performance and fatty acid composition of broiler chickens. A total of 180-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to one of the six treatments. The control diet was based on wheat and soybean meal and contained 15% canola meal. The experimental diets contained 3%, 6%, 9%, 12% or 15% camelina meal added at the expense of canola meal. Chromic oxide (0.35%) was added to all diets as a digestibility marker. On the morning of day 22, birds were killed by cervical dislocation and their abdominal fat pad was obtained. The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter and energy as well as nitrogen retention all declined linearly (p < 0.01) with increasing levels of dietary camelina meal. Weight gain (p < 0.01) and feed intake (p = 0.08) were linearly reduced as the level of camelina meal in the diet increased. Feed conversion ratio was also negatively affected by camelina meal (p < 0.01). Birds fed diets containing 15% camelina meal had significantly higher (p < 0.01) levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, total n-3 fatty acids, total n-6 fatty acids and a significantly lower ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids (p < 0.01) than birds fed canola meal. In conclusion, the inclusion of camelina meal in their diet significantly reduced the growth and feed conversion ratio of broilers compared with canola meal. However, the potential to incorporate n-3 fatty acids into carcass tissues may provide some justification for including camelina meal in poultry rations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Thacker
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Aziza A, Quezada N, Cherian G. Antioxidative effect of dietary Camelina meal in fresh, stored, or cooked broiler chicken meat. Poult Sci 2010; 89:2711-8. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ghamkhar K, Croser J, Aryamanesh N, Campbell M, Kon’kova N, Francis C. Camelina (Camelina sativa(L.) Crantz) as an alternative oilseed: molecular and ecogeographic analyses. Genome 2010; 53:558-67. [DOI: 10.1139/g10-034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Camelina ( Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) is an oilseed known for its potential as a low-input biofuel feedstock and its high levels of beneficial fatty acids. We investigated the role of geographical origin in genetic variation and fatty acid content, expecting to find significant variability among 53 accessions and a link between ecogeography and both origin and key oil traits. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting revealed high levels of diversity within the 53 accessions. Even though sampling was relatively biased towards the Russian–Ukrainian area, this region was identified as a genetic diversity hotspot and possible centre of origin for camelina. The accessions were categorized by principal coordinate analysis using molecular marker data, enabling identification of links between geographical distribution and these categories. The influence of geographic location on four canola oil quality measures in camelina was evaluated using a geographic information system. These measures were (1) more than 30% α-linolenic acid, (2) less than 3% erucic acid, (3) less than 10% saturated fatty acids, and (4) a ratio of α-linolenic to linoleic acid greater than 1. The results clearly confirm that camelina oil quality characteristics are strongly influenced by environmental factors. The unprecedented high genetic diversity in this group of accessions offers an excellent opportunity to investigate valuable genes for successful adaptation of camelina to specific ecogeographical conditions such as drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kioumars Ghamkhar
- Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Australia
- Oil and Fiber Crops Genetic Resources Department, N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, 42-44 B. Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000, Russia
| | - Janine Croser
- Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Australia
- Oil and Fiber Crops Genetic Resources Department, N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, 42-44 B. Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000, Russia
| | - Nader Aryamanesh
- Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Australia
- Oil and Fiber Crops Genetic Resources Department, N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, 42-44 B. Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000, Russia
| | - Margaret Campbell
- Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Australia
- Oil and Fiber Crops Genetic Resources Department, N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, 42-44 B. Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000, Russia
| | - Nina Kon’kova
- Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Australia
- Oil and Fiber Crops Genetic Resources Department, N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, 42-44 B. Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000, Russia
| | - Clive Francis
- Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Australia
- Oil and Fiber Crops Genetic Resources Department, N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, 42-44 B. Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000, Russia
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Aziza A, Quezada N, Cherian G. Feeding Camelinasativa meal to meat-type chickens: Effect on production performance and tissue fatty acid composition. J APPL POULTRY RES 2010. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2009-00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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