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Silva LALD, Euzébio Dornelas TC, De Marchi FE, Dos Santos TC. Dietary ratio of linoleic to alpha-linolenic acid affects the reproductive performance of Japanese quail. Br Poult Sci 2024; 65:484-493. [PMID: 38994721 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2332719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
1. This study was conducted to assess the effects of different dietary omega 6:3 ratios fed to male and female Japanese quail breeders on incubation performance, chick quality and progeny performance.2. A completely randomised design was used, with five diets containing different ratios of vegetable oils rich in linoleic acid (LA from soybean oil) or α-linolenic acid (ALA from linseed oil) with LA/ALA ratios of 13.75:1, 10.69:1, 7.63:1, 4.57:1 and 1.48:1 with 12 cage replicates containing six birds each.3. There was a quadratic effect of the LA/ALA ratio on total hatchability (p < 0.011), fertile hatchability (p = 0.046) and total mortality (p = 0.046). There was no effect on fertility (p > 0.05). The LA/ALA ratios of 1.48 and 13.75 fed to both hens and cockerels or hens resulted in greater fertility, as measured by the number of days after copulation during which fertile eggs were laid and the number of points of hydrolysis on the perivitelline membrane. A decreasing linear effect (p < 0.0001) was observed on chick length and an increasing linear effect on body weight at 1 day of age. There were no effects on progeny performance.4. The LA/ALA ratio affected yolk mineral matter (p = 0.009), crude protein (p = 0.091), chick mineral matter (p < 0.038) and ether extract (p < 0.0001) contents. Maternal diet affected the fatty acid profile of egg yolk and chick liver, indicating that dietary contents were transferred to eggs and chicks.5. Fertile egg production increased with lower LA/ALA ratios. Therefore, linseed oil can be used together with soybean oil to formulate diets for female Japanese quail obtain LA/ALA ratios between 4:1 and 10:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A L da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
| | | | - F E De Marchi
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
| | - T C Dos Santos
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
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Andrieux C, Petit A, Collin A, Houssier M, Métayer-Coustard S, Panserat S, Pitel F, Coustham V. Early Phenotype Programming in Birds by Temperature and Nutrition: A Mini-Review. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2021.755842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Early development is a critical period during which environmental influences can have a significant impact on the health, welfare, robustness and performance of livestock. In oviparous vertebrates, such as birds, embryonic development takes place entirely in the egg. This allows the effects of environmental cues to be studied directly on the developing embryo. Interestingly, beneficial effects have been identified in several studies, leading to innovative procedures to improve the phenotype of the animals in the long term. In this review, we discuss the effects of early temperature and dietary programming strategies that both show promising results, as well as their potential transgenerational effects. The timing, duration and intensity of these procedures are critical to ensure that they produce beneficial effects without affecting animal survival or final product quality. For example, cyclic increases in egg incubation temperature have been shown to improve temperature tolerance and promote muscular growth in chickens or fatty liver production in mule ducks. In ovo feeding has also been successfully used to enhance digestive tract maturation, optimize chick development and growth, and thus obtain higher quality chicks. In addition, changes in the nutritional availability of methyl donors, for example, was shown to influence offspring phenotype. The molecular mechanisms behind early phenotype programming are still under investigation and are probably epigenetic in nature as shown by recent work in chickens.
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Akbari Moghaddam Kakhki R, Ma DWL, Price KR, Moats J, Karrow NA, Kiarie EG. Impact of feeding n-3 fatty acids to layer breeders and their offspring on concentration of antibody titres against infectious bronchitis, and Newcastle diseases and plasma fatty acids in the offspring. Br Poult Sci 2021; 62:270-277. [PMID: 33155822 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1847254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
1. The impact of feeding sources of n-3 fatty acids (FA) to ISA Brown and Shaver White breeders and their offspring on antibody titres and plasma FA profile was examined.2. Breeders were fed either a control diet (CON); CON + 1% microalgae (DMA: Aurantiochytrium limacinum) as a source of docosahexaenoic acid; or CON + 2.6% of a co-extruded mixture of full-fat flaxseed (FFF) as a source of α-linolenic acid. Day-old female offspring were assigned to diets (breeder-offspring): 1) CON-CON, 2) CON-DMA, 3) CON - FFF, 4) DMA - CON, 5) DMA - DMA, 6) FFF - CON or 7) FFF - FFF, followed by a standard layer diet through 18 weeks of age (WOA) to 42 WOA.3. Antibody titres against infectious bronchitis (IBV) and Newcastle disease (NDV) were measured at six days and six WOA, and plasma FA profile was measured at 18 and 42 WOA.4. Pullets from FFF-fed breeders had higher antibody titres against IBV and NDV than pullets fed DMA (P < 0.05). Feeding FFF to offspring increased plasma ∑n-3 FA at 18 and 42 WOA, whereas feeding DMA to offspring reduced ∑n-6 FA at 18 WOA.5. In conclusion, independent of breeder strain, alpha linoleic acid (ALA) and DHA sources showed varied responses. Feeding breeders FFF increased plasma concentration of antibody titres and n-3 FA whereas DMA reduced plasma concentration of ∑n-6 FA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D W L Ma
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - J Moats
- O & T Farms, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - N A Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - E G Kiarie
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Thanabalan A, Moats J, Kiarie EG. Effects of feeding broiler breeder hens a coextruded full-fat flaxseed and pulses mixture without or with multienzyme supplement. Poult Sci 2020; 99:2616-2623. [PMID: 32359597 PMCID: PMC7597534 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of coextruded full-fat flaxseed and pulses (FFF; 1:1 wt/wt) mixture on n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) enrichment in egg yolk, hepatic attributes, apparent retention (AR) of components, and ceca metabolites were evaluated in broiler breeder hens. The diets were as follows: 1) corn–soybean control, 2) control diet plus 18% FFF (FFF−), and 3) FFF plus enzyme supplement (FFF+) containing galactanase, protease, mannanase, glucanase, xylanase, amylase, and cellulase activities. Twenty-six-week-old Cobb 500 broiler breeder hens were allocated to 30 identical cages (2 hens/cage) and given 1-week adaptation period. The 3 diets were assigned to 10 replicate cages based on postadaptation BW and fed based on breeder curve for 30 D. Excreta samples were collected from day 24 to 27 for determination of AR of components, and eggs were collected from day 28 to 30 for yolk polyunsaturated fatty acids analyses. On day 30, birds were weighed, killed via cervical dislocation, liver weighed, and stored for fat analyses. Ceca digesta samples were taken for concentration of short-chain fatty acids. Liver and yolk weights as well as total yolk FA were not influenced by diets (P > 0.05). Control birds had lower yolk concentration of α-linolenic acid than birds fed either FFF− or FFF+ (P < 0.01) corresponding to 7.5, 36.8, and 37.3 mg/g for the control, FFF−, and FFF+, respectively. Control birds also exhibited lower yolk concentration of docosahexaenoic acid (P < 0.01). Control birds had higher hepatic concentration of crude fat and apparent retention of dry matter and crude protein compared with either the FFF− or FFF+ birds (P < 0.05). Birds fed FFF- diet had lower ceca digesta concentration of lactic acid than control and FFF+ (P < 0.05) birds. Results showed broiler breeder hens enriched egg yolk with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids without effects on the liver while the supplemental enzyme did not improve the utilization of FFF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizwarya Thanabalan
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Janna Moats
- Department of Research and Development, O&T Farms Ltd., Regina, SK S4R 8R7, Canada
| | - Elijah G Kiarie
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada.
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Akbari Moghaddam Kakhki R, Ma DWL, Price KR, Moats JR, Karrow NA, Kiarie EG. Enriching ISA brown and Shaver white breeder diets with sources of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids increased embryonic utilization of docosahexaenoic acid. Poult Sci 2020; 99:1038-1051. [PMID: 32036961 PMCID: PMC7587772 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There is limited information on feeding egg-type chick breeders n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and its impact on hatching egg quality and embryonic fatty acid (FA) utilization. We investigated the effects of feeding brown and white egg-type chick breeders diets containing sources of n-3 PUFA on egg composition, apparent embryonic FA utilization, and intestinal FA transporter in hatchlings. Twenty-six-week-old ISA brown and Shaver white breeders were fed either 1) control (CON); 2) CON + 1% of microalgae (DMA, Aurantiochytrium limacinum) fermentation product, as a source of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); or 3) CON + 2.60% of coextruded full-fat flaxseed and pulse mixture (FFF, 1:1 wt/wt) as a source of α-linolenic acid (ALA). Test diets had similar total n-3 and n-6:n-3 ratio. Eggs were hatched, and residual yolk (RY) samples taken for FA analyses. Apparent embryonic FA utilization was calculated by subtracting concentration of FA in RY from concentration of FA in yolk before incubation. There was an interaction between strains and diets (P < 0.05) on DHA in phospholipid and triglyceride fractions of yolk. Both n-3 PUFA sources increased DHA to a greater extent in Shaver white than in ISA brown. The interactive effect of strains and diets (P = 0.019) on embryonic utilization of ALA was such that DMA and FFF reduced ALA utilization, and this pattern was more prevalent in Shaver white birds than in ISA brown birds. There was no interaction between strains and diets on DHA utilization (P > 0.05). Embryos from hens fed n-3 PUFA sources used less total FA in phospholipid fraction (P < 0.001), and they preferentially used more DHA than CON embryos. Shaver white embryos used more (P < 0.05) ALA and DHA than ISA brown embryos. Although data suggested Shaver white had higher propensity of depositing DHA than ISA brown, irrespective of strain, feeding n-3 PUFA modified embryonic pattern of FA utilization toward utilization of DHA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David W L Ma
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Neil A Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Elijah G Kiarie
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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Li F, Shan MX, Gao X, Yang Y, Yang X, Zhang YY, Hu JW, Shan AS, Cheng BJ. Effects of nutrition restriction of fat- and lean-line broiler breeder hens during the laying period on offspring performance, blood biochemical parameters, and hormone levels. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2019; 68:73-82. [PMID: 30875642 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of maternal undernutrition on the performance, blood biochemical indexes, and hormone levels of broiler chicks, two broiler breeder lines (a fat line and lean line) were given either 100% or 75% of the daily feed intake recommended by the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture from 27 to 54 wk. All hens were fed the same basal corn-soybean diet. Fertile eggs were collected and hatched. All chicks were fed the same basal diet for 56 d. Then, chick performance, blood biochemical indexes, and hormone levels were measured. The results showed that there were interactions between maternal nutrition and line for some parameters, such as the kidney index, glucose, triglyceride, insulin, glucagon, leptin, and triiodothyronine (P < 0.05). Chicks of the fat line had a lower level of serum glucose, triglyceride, albumin, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, insulin, and thyroxin than those of the lean line (P < 0.05), but the opposite trend was seen for birth weight, heart index, leptin, and triiodothyronine (P < 0.05). Maternal undernutrition decreased the birth weight and thymus index (day 28) of offspring (P < 0.05), but these effects disappeared by day 56. Maternal undernutrition decreased glucose (day 28), urea nitrogen (day 56), creatinine (day 56), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (day 56), creatinine kinase (day 56), and leptin (day 56) levels in the offspring's serum (P < 0.05) but increased creatinine (day 28), total protein (day 28), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (day 28), and glucagon (day 28) levels (P < 0.05). In conclusion, different lines have different metabolic processes. Maternal nutrition restriction during the laying period did have effects on the offspring, and the compensation by offspring reduced the effect of maternal nutrition restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - M X Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - X Gao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - X Yang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Y Y Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - J W Hu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - A S Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - B J Cheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Saber SN, Kutlu HR. Effect of including n-3/ n-6 fatty acid feed sources in diet on fertility and hatchability of broiler breeders and post-hatch performance and carcass parameters of progeny. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019; 33:305-312. [PMID: 31010967 PMCID: PMC6946961 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective The present trial was conducted to determine the influence of different dietary fatty acid (omega-3 and omega-6) sources on reproductive performance of female broiler breeders and growth performance and carcass traits of their progeny. Methods Two hundred and twenty, 25 weeks old Ross-308 male (20) and female (200) broiler breeders were used in the experiment for the period of 6 weeks. All birds were randomly divided into four dietary treatments (containing 2% soybean oil, 2% sunflower oil, 2% flaxseed oil, and 2% fish oil) each with five replicates of one male and ten females. Throughout this experiment hatching performance of broiler breeders, progeny growth performance and carcass parameters were recorded. Results The results showed that the inclusion of different fatty acid sources in female broiler breeders diet had no significant effects (p>0.05) on number of fertile eggs, post-hatch mortality, and fertility rate. The soybean oil supplemented group had significantly (p<0.05) higher late embryonic mortality compared to other three treatments. Conclusion It was concluded that inclusion of 2% of different sources of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids (especially 2% flax seed oil) in broiler breeders’ diet can reduce late embryonic mortality. The other reproductive characteristics of parents and growth and carcass characteristics of progeny remained unaltered by dietary sources of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Naeim Saber
- Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Adana, 1330, Turkey
| | - Hasan Rustu Kutlu
- Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Adana, 1330, Turkey
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Lorenzo JM, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Gavahian M, Marszałek K, Eş I, Munekata PES, Ferreira ICFR, Barba FJ. Understanding the potential benefits of thyme and its derived products for food industry and consumer health: From extraction of value-added compounds to the evaluation of bioaccessibility, bioavailability, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:2879-2895. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1477730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mohsen Gavahian
- Product and Process Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Krystian Marszałek
- Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ismail Eş
- Department of Material and Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo E. S. Munekata
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Jardim Elite, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), Campus de Santa Apolonia, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Francisco J. Barba
- Universitat de València, Faculty of Pharmacy, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Nutrition and Food Science Area, Avda.Vicent Andrés Estellés, Burjassot, València, Spain
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Lesuisse J, Li C, Schallier S, Clímaco W, Bautil A, Everaert N, Buyse J. Multigenerational effects of a reduced balanced protein diet during the rearing and laying period of broiler breeders. 1. Performance of the F1 breeder generation. Poult Sci 2018; 97:1651-1665. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Khatibjoo A, Kermanshahi H, Golian A, Zaghari M. The effect of n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratios on broiler breeder performance, hatchability, fatty acid profile and reproduction. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 102:986-998. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Khatibjoo
- Department of Animal Science; University of Ilam; Ilam Iran
| | - H. Kermanshahi
- The Excellence Center for Animal Sciences and Department of Animal Science; Faculty of Agriculture; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
| | - A. Golian
- The Excellence Center for Animal Sciences and Department of Animal Science; Faculty of Agriculture; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
| | - M. Zaghari
- Department of Animal Science; University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
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Fernandez ME, Marin RH, Luna A, Zunino MP, Labaque MC. Thymol feed supplementation in quail alters the percentages of nutritionally relevant egg yolk fatty acids: effects throughout incubation. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:5233-5240. [PMID: 28474397 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are crucial components of egg yolk and particularly prone to oxidative damage, generating losses of nutrients for embryonic development and influencing the quality of eggs for human consumption. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether dietary thymol (a natural antioxidant) is related to changes in quail egg yolk total (T), triglyceride (TG) and phospholipid (PL) fatty acid composition at different stages of embryo development. Thus female Japanese quail (100 days of age) were assigned to one of two dietary treatments (12 individuals each): CON (basal diet) or THY (0.0016 mol thymol day-1 per bird). After 2 weeks of supplementation, eggs were incubated and samples were obtained at 0, 4 and 16 days of embryonic development. RESULTS In 0 day THY eggs, α-linolenic acid and n-3 PUFA in T and TG, docosahexaenoic acid and PUFA in T and arachidonic acid in TG were increased, while saturated fatty acids (SFA) in T were reduced. From 4 days on, PUFA, n-3 PUFA and SFA from T and TG in THY eggs were found to be similar to those of CON eggs. The changes in PL throughout incubation were similar in both dietary treatments. CONCLUSION Thymol would provide the embryo with PUFA for synthesis/deposition in membranes and/or assign to supply energy. Additionally, thymol supplementation would be advisable for the production of healthier table eggs. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Fernandez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, FCEFyN-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Raul H Marin
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, FCEFyN-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Agustin Luna
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, FCEFyN-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Maria P Zunino
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, FCEFyN-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Maria C Labaque
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, FCEFyN-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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Delezie E, Koppenol A, Buyse J, Everaert N. Can breeder reproductive status, performance and egg quality be enhanced by supplementation and transition of n-3 fatty acids? J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 100:707-14. [PMID: 26854179 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of n-3 fatty acid (FA) supplemented diets on breeder performance, productivity and egg quality. Breeders (n = 480) were fed the supplemented diet from 18 weeks onwards; the inclusion level of n-3 FA was increased from 1.5% to 3.0% from 34 weeks of age onwards until 48 weeks of age. Ross-308 broiler breeders (n = 480) were fed one of four different diets: a basal diet rich in n-6 FA (control diet) or one of three diets rich in n-3 FA. For the n-3 FA diets, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) were fed to the broiler breeders at different ratios formulated to obtain EPA/DHA ratios of 1/1, 1/2 or 2/1. Differences in performance, reproduction and egg quality parameters due to n-3 supplementation were noted more for the 1.5% followed by the 3.0% fed broilers than their 1.5% supplemented counterparts. Egg weight (p < 0.001) and egg mass (p = 0.003) were significantly lower and feed conversion (p = 0.008) significantly higher for the n-3 FA (at 3.0% inclusion level) fed broilers compared to the control group. For the EPA- and DHA-fed breeders, a higher proportional abdominal fat percentage (p = 0.025) and proportional albumen weight (%) (p = 0.041) were found respectively. Dietary treatments did not affect reproduction. It can be concluded that the results of the present experiment indicate no significant differences between treatments at 1.5% inclusion levels. However, increasing this level to 3.0% is not recommended due to the rather negative effects on the measured parameters. It should be further investigated whether these adverse effects were obtained due to (i) the higher supplementation level, (ii) combining a supplementation level of 1.5% with 3% or (iii) the duration of supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Delezie
- Animal Sciences Unit, Institiute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Melle, Belgium
| | - A Koppenol
- Animal Sciences Unit, Institiute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Melle, Belgium.,Laboratory of Livestock Physiology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Buyse
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - N Everaert
- Animal Science Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
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