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Ncho CM, Bakhsh A, Goel A. In ovo feeding of vitamins in broilers: A comprehensive meta-analysis of hatchability and growth performance. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:215-225. [PMID: 37697679 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
In ovo feeding has been introduced as a cost-effective method to improve hatchability and broiler performance. Specifically, several studies have focused on the impact of vitamins. However, due to variations in experimental conditions across all trials, drawing general conclusions appears challenging. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of 17 published papers, including a maximum of 134 sample size to evaluate the potential effects of in ovo feeding of vitamins in broilers. Studies were retrieved by consulting scientific repositories such as Pubmed, Scopus, Scielo, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. A binary logistic model was used to determine the parameters influencing hatchability. To assess variations in hatchling weight and growth parameters based on the vitamin category, a mixed model analysis of variance was performed, considering the study as a random effect and the vitamin category as a fixed effect. Finally, a linear mixed model was used to develop equations that explain the evolution of growth parameters based on vitamin concentration, volume, and day of injection. The results revealed that for better hatchability, it is preferable to consider heavier eggs (p = 0.007), lower volumes (p = 0.039), and late injection (p = 0.022). Vitamin E was associated with higher hatchling weight (p = 0.037), while vitamin C exhibited the lowest overall feed conversion ratio (p = 0.042). Interactions were observed between the day of injection and vitamin concentration or volume of injection for all studied growth parameters. In summary, the findings of this study suggest that hatchability during in ovo feeding is influenced by technique-related parameters, whereas growth parameters can be modulated by the category of vitamin injected. Consequently, this study lays the groundwork for future investigations assessing the effects of in ovo feeding in broilers, as it highlights the relationship between the methodology and potential outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Major Ncho
- Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Allah Bakhsh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Akshat Goel
- Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Fatemi SA, Mousstaaid A, Williams CJ, Deines J, Poudel S, Poudel I, Elliott KEC, Walters ER, Forcier N, Peebles ED. In ovo administration of the Marek's disease vaccine in conjunction with 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 and its subsequent effects on the performance and immunity-related characteristics of Ross 708 broiler hatchlings 1,2,3. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103199. [PMID: 37939590 PMCID: PMC10665917 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The combined effects of the in ovo injection of commercial Marek's disease vaccine (MDV) and various levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) on the hatch variables, immunological measurements, and gene expression of Ross 708 hatchling broilers were investigated. A total of 5 in ovo injection treatments that were applied at 18 d of incubation (doi) included: 1) noninjected (control); or a 50 μL solution volume of 2) MDV alone; or MDV combined with 3) 0.6 μg of 25OHD3; 4) 1.2 μg of 25OHD3; or 5) 2.4 μg of 25OHD3. At hatch, hatchability of set and live embryonated eggs, hatchling body weight, hatch residue analysis, serum IgY and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) concentrations, and the expression of genes related to immunity (INFα, INFβ, INFγ, TLR-3, and TLR-21) and vitamin D3 activity (1 α-hydroxylase, 24 hydroxylase, and vitamin D receptor) were determined. No significant treatment differences were observed for hatchability of set and live embryonated eggs, or for serum IgY and AGP concentrations. However, hatchling body weight was higher when MDV was combined with either 1.2 or 2.4 μg of 25OHD3 than when MDV was provided alone or in combination with 0.6 μg of 25OHD3. Also, in comparison to the noninjected treatment group, the expression of the genes for 1 α-hydroxylase and 24 hydroxylase was improved when MDV was combined with either 1.2 or 2.4 μg of 25OHD3. Lastly, expression of the genes linked to viral detection (TLR-3) and antibody production (INF-β) was increased in those treatments that contained any level of 25OHD3. These results indicate that in comparison to controls, the effects of MDV were observed to be greater on hatchling BW and splenic gene expression when it was administered in combination with the 1.2 or 2.4 μg doses of 25OHD3. Further research is needed to determine the posthatch effects of the administration of various levels of 25OHD3 in combination with MDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Fatemi
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
| | - A Mousstaaid
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - C J Williams
- Zoetis Animal Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27703, USA
| | - J Deines
- Zoetis Animal Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27703, USA
| | - S Poudel
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - I Poudel
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - K E C Elliott
- Poultry Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
| | - E R Walters
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - N Forcier
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - E D Peebles
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
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Wang J, Xu C, Song Z, Wu S, Wang J, Qi G, Zhang H. Improvement in growth performance and digestive function from amniotic injections of N-acetylglutamate in broiler chickens. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:6966-6974. [PMID: 37312006 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-acetylglutamate (NAG) is the initial and essectial substrate in the process of de novo arginine synthesis, plays an important role in intestinal development. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of in ovo feeding of NAG, 1.5 mg/egg at 17.5 days of incubation (DOI) via amnion, on hatching performance, early intestinal histomorphometry, jejunal barrier, digestive function, and growth performance of broiler chickens between 1 and 14 days of age. RESULTS Amniotic injection of NAG had no significant effect on hatching characteristics compared with the non-injected control group (NC group). Birds in the NAG solution-injected group (NAG group) exhibited lower average daily feed intake and better feed efficiency during a period of 1-14 days. In comparison with the NC group, the NAG group had decreased crypt depth (CD) in the ileum and increased villus height (VH) / CD in the jejunum at 7 days, and decreased CD in duodenum and significantly increased VH in the jejunum at 14 days. However, the effects of in ovo supplementation with NAG on the density of goblet cells, and gene expression of mucin 2 and alkaline phosphatase were not significant. Chicks in the NAG group had a significantly higher mRNA expression level of trypsin and maltase in jejunum at 7 days than the NC group but not at 14 days. CONCLUSION Amniotic injections of NAG (1.5 mg/egg) at 17.5 DOI could improve early growth performance of broilers during 1-14 days after hatching by accelerating the development of the intestine and enhancing jejunal digestive function. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiguang Wang
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Changchun Xu
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zhigang Song
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Shugeng Wu
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghai Qi
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
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Geng Y, Sun X, Lu L, Lin X, Liao X, Zhang L, Wang R, Luo X. Effect of in ovo manganese injection on the embryonic development, antioxidation, hatchability and performances of offspring broilers under normal and high temperatures. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101936. [PMID: 35689999 PMCID: PMC9192813 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were carried out to study the effect of in ovo manganese (Mn) injection on the embryonic development, antioxidation, hatchability, and performances of offspring broilers under normal temperature (NT) and high temperature (HT). Experiment 1 was conducted to investigate the effect of in ovo Mn injection on the embryonic hatchability of Arbor Acres broiler breeders. On D 9 of incubation, a total of 684 fertilized eggs were randomly allocated to 6 treatments: the non-injected positive control (niPC) and treatments injected with 0 (the negative control, iNC), 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, or 50.0 μg Mn/egg as Mn sulfate. Experiment 2 was conducted to investigate the effect of in ovo Mn injection on the embryonic development, antioxidation and performance of offspring broilers under NT and HT. A total of 792 fertilized eggs were randomly allocated to 6 treatments in a 1 (niPC) + 1 (iNC) + 2 (injected Mn sources: Mn sulfate and Mn proteinate) × 2 (injected Mn levels: 12.5 and 25.0 μg/egg) factorial arrangement during the embryonic stage and D1 to 28 at NT. Then, 288 birds were allotted to 12 treatments in a 6 (the above embryonic treatments) × 2 (environmental temperatures: NT-22℃ vs HT-34℃) factorial arrangement from D 29 to 42. The results showed that Mn injection affected (P < 0.03) the hatchability and the maximum level of in ovo injected Mn was 25.0 μg Mn/egg. The Mn injection upregulated (P < 0.05) Mn-containing superoxide dismutase mRNA expression in the embryonic heart compared to the iNC. Hyperthermia decreased (P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI, breast muscle percentage, plsma alkaline phosphatase activity, and red color values of breast and thigh muscles, but increased (P < 0.05) F/G, plasma aspartate aminotransferase and lactic dehydrogenase activities, total cholesterol, uric acid and triiodothyronine contents, abdominal fat, light values of breast and thigh muscles of offspring broilers. The results suggest that in ovo Mn injection can enhance antioxidant ability in the chick embryonic heart.
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Fatemi SA, Elliott KEC, Bello A, Durojaye OA, Zhang H, Peebles ED. Effects of source and level of in ovo-injected vitamin D 3 on the hatchability and serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol concentrations of Ross 708 broilers. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3877-3884. [PMID: 32731974 PMCID: PMC7597981 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of the in ovo injection of vitamin D3 (D3) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25OHD3) on broiler embryo serum 25OHD3 concentrations, hatchability, and hatchling somatic characteristics were determined. Eggs from a 35-wk-old commercial Ross 708 broiler breeder flock were set in a single-stage incubator with 11 treatments represented on each of 8 incubator tray levels (blocks). Each treatment group within a flat on each tray level contained 30 eggs. Control treatments were noninjected and diluent injected. Vitamin treatments were commercial diluent containing 0.6 μg D3, 0.6 μg 25OHD3, 0.6 μg D3 + 0.6 μg 25OHD3, 1.2 μg D3, 1.2 μg 25OHD3, 1.2 μg D3 + 1.2 μg 25OHD3, 2.4 μg D3, 2.4 μg 25OHD3, or 2.4 μg D3 + 2.4 μg 25OHD3. At 432 h of incubation (hoi), 50-μL solution volumes were injected. Blood samples were collected at 462 hoi for serum 25OHD3 analysis, and hatchability of injected live embryonated eggs (HI) was determined at 492 and 516 hoi. At 516 hoi, hatchling yolk-free BW and weights of the liver and yolk sac were determined. Percentage of yolk moisture and dry mater was calculated. At 492 and 516 hoi, HI did not differ between treatments. Embryos that received 1.2 μg or more of either vitamin D3 source alone or in combination had higher serum 25OHD3 concentrations than those that were injected with diluent alone or diluent containing 0.6 μg of D3. Hatchlings that received 1.2 or 2.4 μg of 25OHD3 had higher percentage of yolk dry matter or lower percentage of yolk moisture levels than noninjected controls and those that received D3 alone at any level. These results indicate that the in ovo injection of either vitamin D3 source at levels equal to or higher than 1.2 μg resulted in serum 25OHD3 concentrations that were higher than that of noninjected controls. In addition, the in ovo injection of 1.2 μg or higher of either vitamin D3 source did not negatively affect broiler HI or chick quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Fatemi
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University 39762, USA
| | - K E C Elliott
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University 39762, USA
| | - A Bello
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada T6G 2P5
| | - O A Durojaye
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University 39762, USA
| | - H Zhang
- Feed Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - E D Peebles
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University 39762, USA.
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Wang J, Qiu L, Gong H, Celi P, Yan L, Ding X, Bai S, Zeng Q, Mao X, Xu S, Wu C, Zhang K. Effect of dietary 25-hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation and high stocking density on performance, egg quality, and tibia quality in laying hens. Poult Sci 2020; 99:2608-2615. [PMID: 32359596 PMCID: PMC7597448 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3) on performance, egg quality, tibia quality, and serum hormones concentration in laying hens reared under high stocking density. A total of 800 45-week-old Lohmann laying hens were randomly allotted into a 2 × 2 factorial design with 2 levels of dietary 25-OH-D3 levels (0 and 69 μg/kg) and 2 rates of stocking densities [506 (low density) and 338 (high density) cm2/hen]. Laying hens were monitored for 16 wk. High stocking density decreased laying rate, egg weight, and feed intake compared with low stocking density (P < 0.01) during 1 to 8 wk and 1 to 16 wk. Overall, high stocking density increased eggshell lightness value and decreased shell redness and yellowness value, strength, thickness, and relative weight compared with low stocking density (P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with 25-OH-D3 reduced the value of the eggshell lightness and increased its yellowness and eggshells weight (P ≤ 0.05). The increase in eggshell thickness was more pronounced when 25-OH-D3 was supplemented to layers under high stocking density (interaction, P < 0.05). Layers under high stocking density had lower ash content and calcium content in the tibia than layers under low stocking density (P = 0.04); dietary 25-OH-D3 increased tibia strength compared with no addition (P = 0.05). Layers under high stocking density had higher serum concentrations of 25-OH-D3, corticosterone (CORT), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and osteocalcin (OC; P < 0.05), lower content of parathyroid hormone (PTH) compared with layers under low stocking density (P < 0.01). Dietary 25-OH-D3 increased serum concentration of 25-OH-D3, carbonic anhydrase (CA), and calcitonin (CT) (P < 0.01) and reduced corticosterone, lipopolysaccharide and osteocalcin concentration (P ≤ 0.05). The increase effect in PTH was more pronounced when 25-OH-D3 was supplemented to layers under high stocking density (interaction, P = 0.05). Overall, the results gathered in this study indicate that high stocking density result in reducing production performance, shell color and quality, and tibia health, whereas dietary 25-OH-D3 was able to maintain tibia health and to mitigate the negative impact of high stocking density on productive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Wang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Lingyun Qiu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haojie Gong
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pietro Celi
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; DSM Nutrition Product, DSM Vitamin (Shanghai) Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Yan
- DSM Nutrition Product, DSM Vitamin (Shanghai) Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shiping Bai
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiufeng Zeng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shengyu Xu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Caimei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Ma YB, Zhang FD, Wang J, Wu SG, Qi GH, Zhang HJ. Effect of in ovo feeding of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate on hatchability, muscle growth and performance in prenatal and posthatch broilers. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:755-763. [PMID: 31605375 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is the metabolite of leucine that plays an important role in muscle protein metabolism. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of in ovo feeding (IOF) of HMB at 7 days of incubation (DOI) via air cell or 18 DOI via amnion on hatchability, muscle growth and performance in prenatal and posthatch broilers. RESULTS IOF of HMB via air cell at 7 DOI increased hatchability by 4.34% compared with the control (89.67% versus 85.33%). Birds in IOF groups exhibited higher body weight, average daily body weight gain and pectoral muscle percentage. Furthermore, IOF of HMB significantly increased the level of plasma growth hormone, insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1. Chicks hatched from IOF treatment had larger diameters of muscle fiber and higher mitotic activity of satellite cells at early posthatch age. IOF of HMB activated satellite cells by upregulation of mRNA expression of myogenic transcription factors, myogenic differentiation one (MyoD) and myogenin. Chicks hatched from air cell injection group had higher pectoral muscle percentage at 5 d posthatch and greater satellite cell mitotic activity at 7 d posthatch than counterparts from amnion injection group. CONCLUSIONS IOF of HMB via amnion at 18 DOI or especially via air cell at 7 DOI could be used as an effective approach to enhance hatchability, productive performance and breast muscle yield in broilers. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Biao Ma
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Dong Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Geng Wu
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Hai Qi
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Jun Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
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Castañeda CD, McDaniel CD, Abdelhamed H, Karsi A, Kiess AS. Evaluating bacterial colonization of a developing broiler embryo after in ovo injection with a bioluminescent bacteria. Poult Sci 2019; 98:2997-3006. [PMID: 30789222 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In ovo injection of probiotics has been of interest for achieving early health benefits. However, there is limited research demonstrating where bacteria could migrate within the embryo after injection. The objective of this study was to evaluate bacterial colonization or migration after in ovo injection of broiler embryo with bioluminescent Escherichia coli. Injection using 106 CFU/mL nonpathogenic E. coli was applied to amniotic and air cell regions on day 18 of incubation. On days 18, 19, 20, and 21 the amnion, skin, lung, gastrointestinal tract (GIT), bursa, and spleen were collected. On day 21, the GIT was separated into crop, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and ceca sections. All tissues were visualized using anin vivo imaging system to confirm the presence of bioluminescent E. coli. Samples were homogenized, 10-fold serially diluted, and spread onto appropriate agar to determine bacterial loads in all tissues. Results indicated that eggs injected into the amnion had significantly high numbers of E. coli cells in all tissues compared to air cell injected and control treatments 2 h post-injection (P < 0.0001). E. coli was also found on the lungs, spleen, and bursa of eggs injected either in the amnion or air cell (P < 0.05). Results indicated that in ovo injection into the amnion was more efficient than air cell injection, yielding a higher bacterial concentration in the evaluated tissues, specifically the ileum and ceca. Future research using bioluminescent probiotic bacteria may establish sites of preference for different probiotics leading to site-specific application that can maximize their overall impact when in ovo injected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia D Castañeda
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State MS 39762
| | - Christopher D McDaniel
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State MS 39762
| | - Hossam Abdelhamed
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State MS 39762
| | - Attila Karsi
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State MS 39762
| | - Aaron S Kiess
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State MS 39762
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Saeed M, Babazadeh D, Naveed M, Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME, Arain MA, Tiwari R, Sachan S, Karthik K, Dhama K, Elnesr SS, Chao S. In ovo delivery of various biological supplements, vaccines and drugs in poultry: current knowledge. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:3727-3739. [PMID: 30637739 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The technique of delivering various nutrients, supplements, immunostimulants, vaccines, and drugs via the in ovo route is gaining wide attention among researchers worldwide for boosting production performance, immunity and safeguarding the health of poultry. It involves direct administration of the nutrients and biologics into poultry eggs during the incubation period and before the chicks hatch out. In ovo delivery of nutrients has been found to be more effective than post-hatch administration in poultry production. The supplementation of feed additives, nutrients, hormones, probiotics, prebiotics, or their combination via in ovo techniques has shown diverse advantages for poultry products, such as improved growth performance and feed conversion efficiency, optimum development of the gastrointestinal tract, enhancing carcass yield, decreased embryo mortality, and enhanced immunity of poultry. In ovo delivery of vaccination has yielded a better response against various poultry pathogens than vaccination after hatch. So, this review has aimed to provide an insight on in ovo technology and its potential applications in poultry production to deliver different nutrients, supplements, beneficial microbes, vaccines, and drugs directly into the developing embryo to achieve an improvement in post-hatch growth, immunity, and health of poultry. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saeed
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, PR China
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, The Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Muhammad A Arain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Swati Sachan
- Immunology Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Shaaban S Elnesr
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Production, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Sun Chao
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, PR China
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Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the influence of in ovo vitamin D3 (Vit D3) administration on growth of broiler chickens when Vit D3 was dissolved in soybean oil. Sixty Ross broiler eggs were incubated at 37.8°C and >60% relative humidity. Distilled water, soybean oil, or Vit D3 (60 IU / 0.5 mL) dissolved in soybean oil, was administered in ovo on Day 18 of incubation. Seven days after hatching, chicks were sexed, and 12 birds (six female and six male) close to the average body weight (BW) of each treatment were selected and their BW continuously recorded until 28 days of age, then sacrificed. Liver and pectoral muscle were collected to determine the mRNA expression of IGF-1 and IGF-1 receptor, and the length of tibia was measured. There were no significant differences in BW, liver weight, or pectoral muscle weight between the groups. However, an interaction was observed between treatments and sexes in the tibia length. In comparison among only males, tibia length in the Vit D3 with oil group was longer than that of the control, but not different from that of the oil group. The same tendency was observed in the hepatic IGF-1 mRNA expression in chicks of either sex, with this effect only being observed after the treatments and not in the control. On the other hand, there was an interaction between treatments and sexes in the mRNA expression of IGF-1 receptor, which was highest in the Vit D3 with oil group in females, but not in males. These results indicated that the in ovo administration of Vit D3 affected IGF-1 receptor mRNA expression without growth.
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11
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Peebles ED. In ovo applications in poultry: A review,. Poult Sci 2018; 97:2322-2338. [PMID: 29617899 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The various methods employed for the in ovo administration of different materials for promoting the health and productivity of poultry are discussed in this review article. The amnion has proven to be an effective site for injection and the timing of in ovo injection has commonly occurred at transfer. However, the volumes and dosages or concentrations of the materials administered vary depending on bird type, egg size, timing and site of injection, incubation system and regimen, and the type of material. Both manual and automated injections have been shown to be effective. Nevertheless, commercial application mandates automation. Materials described in the literature over the past 20 years or more for in ovo use in avian species include vaccines, drugs, hormones, competitive exclusion cultures and prebiotics, and supplemental nutrients. Vaccines approved for in ovo delivery include those for Marek's disease, infectious bursal disease, fowl pox, Newcastle disease, and coccidiosis. Some of the materials listed above have been shown to be viable candidates for enhancing immunity and for promoting embryonic and posthatch development. Several reports have indicated that probiotics may be effectively used to fight intestinal bacterial infections, and folic aid, as well as egg white protein and various amino acids, including L-arginine, L-lysine, L-histidine, HMB, and threonine alone or in combination, have been shown to benefit embryonic development or posthatch performance. Furthermore, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides, vitamins C and E, and thyme and savory have the potential to enhance immunity, carbohydrates can be used to increase tissue glycogen stores, and creatine can be used to promote muscle growth. Trace minerals and vitamin D3 have shown potential to improve bone strength, and potassium chloride may be an effective alternative electrolyte in vaccine diluent. The in ovo application of these and other materials will continue to expand and provide further benefits to the poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Peebles
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
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12
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Torres C, Korver D. Influences of trace mineral nutrition and maternal flock age on broiler embryo bone development. Poult Sci 2018; 97:2996-3003. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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13
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Peebles ED, Barbosa TM, Cummings TS, Dickson J, Womack SK, Gerard PD. Comparative effects of in ovo versus subcutaneous administration of the Marek's disease vaccine and pre-placement holding time on the post-hatch performance of Ross 708 broilers1,2,3. Poult Sci 2018; 96:1071-1077. [PMID: 27794051 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of 2 types of methods of administration (moa; in ovo or s.c.) of the Marek's disease (MD) vaccine and 4 and 18 h pre-placement holding times (pht) on the performance of male broilers through 48 d of age were investigated. Ross 708 broiler hatching eggs (3,900) were either in ovo-vaccinated at 18 d of incubation or chicks from eggs that were not in ovo-injected were vaccinated s.c. at hatch, and chicks from each moa group were held for one of the 2 pht. In ovo injections (50 μL) were delivered by a commercial multi-egg injector and s.c. injections (0.2 mL) were delivered by an automatic pneumatic s.c. injector. Sixteen birds were assigned to each of 15 replicate floor pens belonging to each of the 4 moa and pht combination groups. Mortality and BW gain were determined at weekly intervals, and feed consumption and conversion were determined in the zero to 14, 14 to 28, 28 to 42, and 42 to 48 d age intervals. No interactive effects between moa and pht were observed for any variable, and mortality was not significantly affected by moa or pht. The 14 to 28 d feed consumption and 14 to 21 d BW gain of s.c.-vaccinated birds were lower than that of in ovo-vaccinated birds, and the increase in pht from 4 to 18 h decreased feed consumption through 28 d post hatch and BW gain through 35 d post hatch. Overall, the performances of male Ross 708 broilers through 48 d of age in response to in ovo and s.c. injections of the MD vaccine were comparable, and delays in hatchling placement should be less that 18 h in duration. Furthermore, despite the decrease in BW gain through 35 d associated with the reduction in feed consumption through 28 d in response to the 14 h increase in pht, in ovo injection did not exacerbate the effect of the increase in pht.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Peebles
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - T M Barbosa
- Zoetis, 1040 Swabia Court, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - T S Cummings
- Zoetis, 1040 Swabia Court, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - J Dickson
- Zoetis, 1040 Swabia Court, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - S K Womack
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - P D Gerard
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
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Sokale A, Zhai W, Pote L, Williams C, Peebles E. Effects of coccidiosis vaccination administered by in ovo injection on Ross 708 broiler performance through 14 days of post-hatch age. Poult Sci 2017; 96:2546-2551. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Oliveira T, Bertechini A, Bricka R, Hester P, Kim E, Gerard P, Peebles E. Effects of in ovo injection of organic trace minerals and post-hatch holding time on broiler performance and bone characteristics. Poult Sci 2015; 94:2677-85. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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16
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Bello A, Nascimento M, Pelici N, Womack S, Zhai W, Gerard P, Peebles E. Effects of the in ovo injection of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on the yolk and serum characteristics of male and female broiler embryos
,. Poult Sci 2015; 94:734-9. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Bello A, Hester P, Gerard P, Zhai W, Peebles E. Effects of commercial in ovo injection of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on bone development and mineralization in male and female broilers , ,. Poult Sci 2014; 93:2734-9. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2014-03981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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18
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Bello A, Bricka R, Gerard P, Peebles E. Effects of commercial in ovo injection of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on broiler bone development and mineralization on days 0 and 21 posthatch. Poult Sci 2014; 93:1053-8. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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