1
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Kamal KY, Othman MA, Kim JH, Lawler JM. Bioreactor development for skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy by manipulating uniaxial cyclic strain: proof of concept. NPJ Microgravity 2024; 10:62. [PMID: 38862543 PMCID: PMC11167039 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00320-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscles overcome terrestrial, gravitational loading by producing tensile forces that produce movement through joint rotation. Conversely, the microgravity of spaceflight reduces tensile loads in working skeletal muscles, causing an adaptive muscle atrophy. Unfortunately, the design of stable, physiological bioreactors to model skeletal muscle tensile loading during spaceflight experiments remains challenging. Here, we tested a bioreactor that uses initiation and cessation of cyclic, tensile strain to induce hypertrophy and atrophy, respectively, in murine lineage (C2C12) skeletal muscle myotubes. Uniaxial cyclic stretch of myotubes was conducted using a StrexCell® (STB-1400) stepper motor system (0.75 Hz, 12% strain, 60 min day^-1). Myotube groups were assigned as follows: (a) quiescent over 2- or (b) 5-day (no stretch), (c) experienced 2-days (2dHY) or (d) 5-days (5dHY) of cyclic stretch, or (e) 2-days of cyclic stretch followed by a 3-day cessation of stretch (3dAT). Using ß-sarcoglycan as a sarcolemmal marker, mean myotube diameter increased significantly following 2dAT (51%) and 5dAT (94%) vs. matched controls. The hypertrophic, anabolic markers talin and Akt phosphorylation (Thr308) were elevated with 2dHY but not in 3dAT myotubes. Inflammatory, catabolic markers IL-1ß, IL6, and NF-kappaB p65 subunit were significantly higher in the 3dAT group vs. all other groups. The ratio of phosphorylated FoxO3a/total FoxO3a was significantly lower in 3dAT than in the 2dHY group, consistent with elevated catabolic signaling during unloading. In summary, we demonstrated proof-of-concept for a spaceflight research bioreactor, using uniaxial cyclic stretch to produce myotube hypertrophy with increased tensile loading, and myotube atrophy with subsequent cessation of stretch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Y Kamal
- Redox Biology & Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Graduate Faculty of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Mariam Atef Othman
- Redox Biology & Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Graduate Faculty of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Joo-Hyun Kim
- Redox Biology & Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Graduate Faculty of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - John M Lawler
- Redox Biology & Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Graduate Faculty of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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2
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Hu W, Chen Y, Tsao C, Chen S, Tzeng C. Development of a multifunctional bioreactor to evaluate the promotion effects of cyclic stretching and electrical stimulation on muscle differentiation. Bioeng Transl Med 2024; 9:e10633. [PMID: 38435819 PMCID: PMC10905532 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A multifunctional bioreactor was fabricated in this study to investigate the facilitation efficiency of electrical and mechanical stimulations on myogenic differentiation. This bioreactor consisted of a highly stretchable conductive membrane prepared by depositing polypyrrole (PPy) on a flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film. The tensile deformation of the PPy/PDMS membrane can be tuned by adjusting the channel depth. In addition, PPy/PDMS maintained its electrical conductivity under continuous cyclic stretching in the strain range of 6.5%-13% for 24 h. This device can be used to individually or simultaneously perform cyclic stretching and electrical stimulation. The results of single stimulation showed that either cyclic stretching or electrical stimulation upregulated myogenic gene expression and promoted myotube formation, where electrical stimulation improved better than cyclic stretching. However, only cyclic stretching can align C2C12 cells perpendicular to the stretching direction, and electrical stimulation did not affect cell morphology. Myosin heavy chain (MHC) immunostaining demonstrated that oriented cells under cyclic stretching resulted in parallel myotubes. The combination of these two stimuli exhibited synergetic effects on both myogenic gene regulation and myotube formation, and the incorporated electrical field did not affect the orientation effect of the cyclic stretching. These results suggested that these two treatments likely influenced cells through different pathways. Overall, the simultaneous application of cyclic stretching and electrical stimulation preserved both stimuli's advantages, so myo-differentiation can be highly improved to obtain abundant parallel myotubes, suggesting that our developed multifunctional bioreactor should benefit muscle tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Wen Hu
- Department of Chemical and Materials EngineeringNational Central UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Yen‐Chi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials EngineeringNational Central UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Chia‐Wen Tsao
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringNational Central UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Shen‐Liang Chen
- Department of Life SciencesNational Central UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Chung‐Yuh Tzeng
- Department of OrthopedicsTaichung Veterans General HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Department of RehabilitationJen‐Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and ManagementMiaoliTaiwan
- Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Foods on Health ApplicationsDa‐Yeh UniversityChanghuaTaiwan
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
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3
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Kasahara K, Muramatsu J, Kurashina Y, Miura S, Miyata S, Onoe H. Spatiotemporal single-cell tracking analysis in 3D tissues to reveal heterogeneous cellular response to mechanical stimuli. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf9917. [PMID: 37831766 PMCID: PMC10575577 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf9917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical stimuli have been recognized as important for tissue maturation, homeostasis and constructing engineered three-dimensional (3D) tissues. However, we know little about the cellular mechanical response in tissues that could be considerably heterogeneous and spatiotemporally dynamic due to the complex structure of tissues. Here, we report a spatiotemporal single-cell tracking analysis of in vitro 3D tissues under mechanical stretch, to reveal the heterogeneous cellular behavior by using a developed stretch and optical live imaging system. The system could affect the cellular orientation and directly measure the distance of cells in in vitro 3D myoblast tissues (3DMTs) at the single-cell level. Moreover, we observed the spatiotemporal heterogeneous cellular locomotion and shape changes under mechanical stretch in 3DMTs. This single-cell tracking analysis can become a principal method to investigate the heterogeneous cellular response in tissues and provide insights that conventional analyses have not yet offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Kasahara
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Jumpei Muramatsu
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuta Kurashina
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
- Division of Advanced Mechanical Systems Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Shigenori Miura
- Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shogo Miyata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Onoe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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4
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Sunadome K, Erickson AG, Kah D, Fabry B, Adori C, Kameneva P, Faure L, Kanatani S, Kaucka M, Dehnisch Ellström I, Tesarova M, Zikmund T, Kaiser J, Edwards S, Maki K, Adachi T, Yamamoto T, Fried K, Adameyko I. Directionality of developing skeletal muscles is set by mechanical forces. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3060. [PMID: 37244931 PMCID: PMC10224984 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of oriented myofibrils is a key event in musculoskeletal development. However, the mechanisms that drive myocyte orientation and fusion to control muscle directionality in adults remain enigmatic. Here, we demonstrate that the developing skeleton instructs the directional outgrowth of skeletal muscle and other soft tissues during limb and facial morphogenesis in zebrafish and mouse. Time-lapse live imaging reveals that during early craniofacial development, myoblasts condense into round clusters corresponding to future muscle groups. These clusters undergo oriented stretch and alignment during embryonic growth. Genetic perturbation of cartilage patterning or size disrupts the directionality and number of myofibrils in vivo. Laser ablation of musculoskeletal attachment points reveals tension imposed by cartilage expansion on the forming myofibers. Application of continuous tension using artificial attachment points, or stretchable membrane substrates, is sufficient to drive polarization of myocyte populations in vitro. Overall, this work outlines a biomechanical guidance mechanism that is potentially useful for engineering functional skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Sunadome
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alek G Erickson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Delf Kah
- Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ben Fabry
- Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Csaba Adori
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Polina Kameneva
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Louis Faure
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shigeaki Kanatani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marketa Kaucka
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann-Str.2, 24306, Plön, Germany
| | | | - Marketa Tesarova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Zikmund
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Kaiser
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Steven Edwards
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Koichiro Maki
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Taiji Adachi
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kaj Fried
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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5
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Panisset MG, El-Ansary D, Dunlop SA, Marshall R, Clark J, Churilov L, Galea MP. Factors influencing thigh muscle volume change with cycling exercises in acute spinal cord injury - a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. J Spinal Cord Med 2022; 45:510-521. [PMID: 32970970 PMCID: PMC9246176 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2020.1815480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To conduct a per-protocol analysis on thigh muscle volume outcomes from the Spinal Cord Injury and Physical Activity (SCIPA) Switch-On Trial.Design: Secondary analysis from an assessor-blind randomized, controlled trial.Setting: Four acute/sub-acute hospitals in Australia and New Zealand.Participants: 24 adults (1 female) within four weeks of motor complete or incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI)Intervention: Functional electrical stimulation-assisted cycling (FESC) or passive cycling (PC) 4x/week for 12 weeks.Outcome Measures: Whole thigh and muscle group volumes calculated from manually segmented MR images.Results: 19/24 participants completed ≥ twelve weeks of the intervention. Five participants experienced hypertrophy (4 FESC; 1 PC) and eight attenuation of atrophy (<20% volume loss) (3 FESC; 5 PC) in thigh muscle volume. Six participants were non-responders, exhibiting atrophy >20% (3 FESC; 3 PC). Mean (SD) change for FESC was -2.3% (25.3%) and PC was -14.0% (12.3%). After controlling for baseline muscle volumes, a strong significant correlation was found between mean weekly exercise frequency and quadriceps and hamstring volumes (r=6.25, P=0.006), regardless of mode. Average watts was highly correlated to quadriceps volumes only (r=5.92, P=0.01), while total number of sessions was strongly correlated with hamstring volumes only (r=5.91, P=0.01).Conclusion: This per-protocol analysis of FESC and PC early after SCI reports a partial response in 42% and a beneficial response in 25% of patients who completed 12 weeks intervention, regardless of mode. Strong correlations show a dose-response according to exercise frequency. Characteristics of non-responders are discussed to inform clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya G. Panisset
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia,Correspondence to: Maya G. Panisset, Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC3052, Australia; Ph: (+61) 0405 027 127.
| | - Doa El-Ansary
- Department of Nursing and Allied Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorne, Australia,Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sarah Alison Dunlop
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Ruth Marshall
- Hampstead Rehabilitation Centre, Northfield, Australia
| | - Jillian Clark
- Hampstead Rehabilitation Centre, Lightsview, Australia
| | | | - Mary P. Galea
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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6
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Zhang Y, Wang L, Kang H, Lin CY, Fan Y. Applying exercise-mimetic engineered skeletal muscle model to interrogate the adaptive response of irisin to mechanical force. iScience 2022; 25:104135. [PMID: 35434556 PMCID: PMC9010619 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise induces the secretion of irisin from contractile muscle into circulation; however, the adaptive response of irisin to mechanical stimulus in skeletal muscle in vitro remains numerously unknown. In an effort to investigate whether irisin is inducible in vitro, we developed a bioreactor consisting of a retractable mechanical force controller and a conditional tissue culture system. Upon this model, a distinguished surge of irisin was detected in stretched myotubes as cyclic strain initiated, and the surge was able to be stalled by knocking out FNDC5. Intriguingly, increased irisin secretory is associated with the shifts of MyHC isoforms from anaerobic type to aerobic type in myotubes. We further revealed that PGC-1α1 and PGC-1α4 mRNAs expression, rather than PGC-1α2 and PGC-1α3, contributed to the generation of irisin in myotubes during cyclic strain. Lastly, combined with co-culturing MC3T3 osteoblasts, we demonstrated the bioactivity of generated irisin, promoting the osteogenic differentiation. Irisin is producible in an exercise-mimetic engineered skeletal muscle model Enhanced irisin production in response to a long-term cyclic stretch PGC-1α1 and PGC-1α4 mRNAs expression contributed to the generation of irisin Demonstration that induced irisin in our model regulating osteoblasts as native ways
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhang
- Key laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongyan Kang
- Key laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chia-Ying Lin
- Key laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.,Department of Biomedical, Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.,School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
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7
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Barthélémy F, Santoso JW, Rabichow L, Jin R, Little I, Nelson SF, McCain ML, Miceli MC. Modeling Patient-Specific Muscular Dystrophy Phenotypes and Therapeutic Responses in Reprogrammed Myotubes Engineered on Micromolded Gelatin Hydrogels. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:830415. [PMID: 35465312 PMCID: PMC9020228 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.830415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro models of patient-derived muscle allow for more efficient development of genetic medicines for the muscular dystrophies, which often present mutation-specific pathologies. One popular strategy to generate patient-specific myotubes involves reprogramming dermal fibroblasts to a muscle lineage through MyoD induction. However, creating physiologically relevant, reproducible tissues exhibiting multinucleated, aligned myotubes with organized striations is dependent on the introduction of physicochemical cues that mimic the native muscle microenvironment. Here, we engineered patient-specific control and dystrophic muscle tissues in vitro by culturing and differentiating MyoD–directly reprogrammed fibroblasts isolated from one healthy control subject, three patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), and two Limb Girdle 2A/R1 (LGMD2A/R1) patients on micromolded gelatin hydrogels. Engineered DMD and LGMD2A/R1 tissues demonstrated varying levels of defects in α-actinin expression and organization relative to control, depending on the mutation. In genetically relevant DMD tissues amenable to mRNA reframing by targeting exon 44 or 45 exclusion, exposure to exon skipping antisense oligonucleotides modestly increased myotube coverage and alignment and rescued dystrophin protein expression. These findings highlight the value of engineered culture substrates in guiding the organization of reprogrammed patient fibroblasts into aligned muscle tissues, thereby extending their value as tools for exploration and dissection of the cellular and molecular basis of genetic muscle defects, rescue, and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Barthélémy
- Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jeffrey W. Santoso
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Laura Rabichow
- Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rongcheng Jin
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Isaiah Little
- Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Stanley F. Nelson
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Megan L. McCain
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: M. Carrie Miceli, ; Megan L. McCain,
| | - M. Carrie Miceli
- Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: M. Carrie Miceli, ; Megan L. McCain,
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8
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Nichols AEC, Muscat SN, Miller SE, Green LJ, Richards MS, Loiselle AE. Impact of isolation method on cellular activation and presence of specific tendon cell subpopulations during in vitro culture. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21733. [PMID: 34160846 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100405r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tendon injuries are common and heal poorly, due in part to a lack of understanding of fundamental tendon cell biology. A major impediment to the study of tendon cells is the absence of robust, well-characterized in vitro models. Unlike other tissue systems, current tendon cell models do not account for how differences in isolation methodology may affect the activation state of tendon cells or the presence of various tendon cell subpopulations. The objective of this study was to characterize how common isolation methods affect the behavior, fate, and lineage composition of tendon cell cultures. Tendon cells isolated by explant exhibited reduced proliferative capacity, decreased expression of tendon marker genes, and increased expression of genes associated with fibroblast activation compared to digested cells. Consistently, explanted cells also displayed an increased propensity to differentiate to myofibroblasts compared to digested cells. Explanted cultures from multiple different tendons were substantially enriched for the presence of scleraxis-lineage (Scx-lin+) cells compared to digested cultures, while the overall percentage of S100a4-lineage (S100a4-lin+) cells was dependent on both isolation method and tendon of origin. Neither isolation methods preserved the ratios of Scx-lin+ or S100a4-lin+ to non-lineage cells seen in tendons in vivo. Combined, these data indicate that further refinement of in vitro cultures models is required in order to more accurately understand the effects of various stimuli on tendon cell behavior. Statement of clinical significance: The development of informed in vitro tendon cell models will facilitate enhanced screening of potential therapeutic candidates to improve tendon healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E C Nichols
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Samantha N Muscat
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sarah E Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Luke J Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Michael S Richards
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Alayna E Loiselle
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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9
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Shi N, Li Y, Chang L, Zhao G, Jin G, Lyu Y, Genin GM, Ma Y, Xu F. A 3D, Magnetically Actuated, Aligned Collagen Fiber Hydrogel Platform Recapitulates Physical Microenvironment of Myoblasts for Enhancing Myogenesis. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100276. [PMID: 34927916 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many cell responses that underlie the development, maturation, and function of tissues are guided by the architecture and mechanical loading of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Because mechanical stimulation must be transmitted through the ECM architecture, the synergy between these two factors is important. However, recapitulating the synergy of these physical microenvironmental cues in vitro remains challenging. To address this, a 3D magnetically actuated collagen hydrogel platform is developed that enables combined control of ECM architecture and mechanical stimulation. With this platform, it is demonstrated how these factors synergistically promote cell alignment of C2C12 myoblasts and enhance myogenesis. This promotion is driven in part by the dynamics of Yes-associated protein and structure of cellular microtubule networks. This facile platform holds great promises for regulating cell behavior and fate, generating a broad range of engineered physiologically representative microtissues in vitro, and quantifying the mechanobiology underlying their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianyuan Shi
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yuhui Li
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Le Chang
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Guoxu Zhao
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Guorui Jin
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yi Lyu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Guy M Genin
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Yufei Ma
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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10
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Pham‐Nguyen O, Son YJ, Kwon T, Kim J, Jung YC, Park JB, Kang B, Yoo HS. Preparation of Stretchable Nanofibrous Sheets with Sacrificial Coaxial Electrospinning for Treatment of Traumatic Muscle Injury. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002228. [PMID: 33506655 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic muscle injury with massive loss of muscle volume requires intramuscular implantation of proper scaffolds for fast and successful recovery. Although many artificial scaffolds effectively accelerate formation and maturation of myotubes, limited studies are showing the therapeutic effect of artificial scaffolds in animal models with massive muscle injury. In this study, improved myotube differentiation is approved on stepwise stretched gelatin nanofibers and applied to damaged muscle recovery in an animal model. The gelatin nanofibers are fabricated by a two-step process composed of co-axial electrospinning of poly(ɛ-caprolactone) and gelatin and subsequent removal of the outer shells. When stepwise stretching is applied to the myoblasts on gelatin nanofibers for five days, enhanced myotube formation and polarized elongation are observed. Animal models with volumetric loss at quadriceps femoris muscles (>50%) are transplanted with the myotubes cultivated on thin and flexible gelatin nanofiber. Treated animals more efficiently recover exercising functions of the leg when myotubes and the gelatin nanofiber are co-implanted at the injury sites. This result suggests that mechanically stimulated myotubes on gelatin nanofiber is therapeutically feasible for the robust recovery of volumetric muscle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oanh‐Vu Pham‐Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Institute of Molecular Science and Fusion Technology Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Son
- Department of Biomedical Science Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Institute of Molecular Science and Fusion Technology Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae‐wan Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Chan Jung
- Chaon 331 Pangyo‐ro Bundang‐gu Seongnam Gyeonggi‐do 13488 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Bae Park
- Jeonju Center Korea Basic Science Institute Jeonju 54907 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung‐Jae Kang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Research Institute for Veterinary Science BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Sang Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Science Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Institute of Molecular Science and Fusion Technology Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
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11
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Kimura Y, Aoyama S, Ueda N, Katayama T, Ono K, Nagahama K. Covalent Cell‐Loading Injectable Hydrogel Scaffold Significantly Promotes Tissue Regeneration In Vivo Compared with a Conventional Physical Cell‐Loading Hydrogel Scaffold. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kimura
- Department of Nanobiochemistry Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST) Konan University 7‐1‐20 Minatojima‐Minamimachi Kobe 650‐0047 Japan
| | - Seika Aoyama
- Department of Nanobiochemistry Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST) Konan University 7‐1‐20 Minatojima‐Minamimachi Kobe 650‐0047 Japan
| | - Natsumi Ueda
- Department of Nanobiochemistry Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST) Konan University 7‐1‐20 Minatojima‐Minamimachi Kobe 650‐0047 Japan
| | - Tokitaka Katayama
- Department of Nanobiochemistry Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST) Konan University 7‐1‐20 Minatojima‐Minamimachi Kobe 650‐0047 Japan
| | - Kimika Ono
- Department of Nanobiochemistry Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST) Konan University 7‐1‐20 Minatojima‐Minamimachi Kobe 650‐0047 Japan
| | - Koji Nagahama
- Department of Nanobiochemistry Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST) Konan University 7‐1‐20 Minatojima‐Minamimachi Kobe 650‐0047 Japan
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12
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Ramey-Ward AN, Su H, Salaita K. Mechanical Stimulation of Adhesion Receptors Using Light-Responsive Nanoparticle Actuators Enhances Myogenesis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:35903-35917. [PMID: 32644776 PMCID: PMC8818098 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The application of cyclic strain is known to enhance myoblast differentiation and muscle growth in vitro and in vivo. However, current techniques apply strain to full tissues or cell monolayers, making it difficult to evaluate whether mechanical stimulation at the subcellular or single-cell scales would drive myoblast differentiation. Here, we report the use of optomechanical actuator (OMA) particles, comprised of a ∼0.6 μm responsive hydrogel coating a gold nanorod (100 × 20 nm) core, to mechanically stimulate the integrin receptors in myoblasts. When illuminated with near-infrared (NIR) light, OMA nanoparticles rapidly collapse, exerting mechanical forces to cell receptors bound to immobilized particles. Using a pulsed illumination pattern, we applied cyclic integrin forces to C2C12 myoblasts cultured on a monolayer of OMA particles and then measured the cellular response. We found that 20 min of OMA actuation resulted in cellular elongation in the direction of the stimulus and enhancement of nuclear YAP1 accumulation, an effector of ERK phosphorylation. Cellular response was dependent on direct conjugation of RGD peptides to the OMA particles. Repeated OMA mechanical stimulation for 5 days led to enhanced myogenesis as quantified using cell alignment, fusion, and sarcomeric myosin expression in myotubes. OMA-mediated myogenesis was sensitive to the geometry of stimulation but not to MEK1/2 inhibition. Finally, we found that OMA stimulation in regions proximal to the nucleus resulted in localization of the transcription activator YAP-1 to the nucleus, further suggesting the role of YAP1 in mechanotransduction in C2C12 cells. These findings demonstrate OMAs as a novel tool for studying the role of spatially localized forces in influencing myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison N. Ramey-Ward
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 30332
| | - Hanquan Su
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 30322
| | - Khalid Salaita
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 30332
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 30322
- Corresponding Author: Khalid Salaita, PhD:
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13
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Abstract
Organs-on-chips are broadly defined as microfabricated surfaces or devices designed to engineer cells into microscale tissues with native-like features and then extract physiologically relevant readouts at scale. Because they are generally compatible with patient-derived cells, these technologies can address many of the human relevance limitations of animal models. As a result, organs-on-chips have emerged as a promising new paradigm for patient-specific disease modeling and drug development. Because neuromuscular diseases span a broad range of rare conditions with diverse etiology and complex pathophysiology, they have been especially challenging to model in animals and thus are well suited for organ-on-chip approaches. In this Review, we first briefly summarize the challenges in neuromuscular disease modeling with animal models. Next, we describe a variety of existing organ-on-chip approaches for neuromuscular tissues, including a survey of cell sources for both muscle and nerve, and two- and three-dimensional neuromuscular tissue-engineering techniques. Although researchers have made tremendous advances in modeling neuromuscular diseases on a chip, the remaining challenges in cell sourcing, cell maturity, tissue assembly and readout capabilities limit their integration into the drug development pipeline today. However, as the field advances, models of healthy and diseased neuromuscular tissues on a chip, coupled with animal models, have vast potential as complementary tools for modeling multiple aspects of neuromuscular diseases and identifying new therapeutic strategies. Summary: Modeling neuromuscular diseases is challenging due to their complex etiology and pathophysiology. Here, we review the cell sources and tissue-engineering procedures that are being integrated as emerging neuromuscular disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Santoso
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Megan L McCain
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA .,Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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14
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Wang Y, Song J, Liu X, Liu J, Zhang Q, Yan X, Yuan X, Ren D. Multiple Effects of Mechanical Stretch on Myogenic Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:336-352. [PMID: 31950873 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Wang
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Stomatology, Medical School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Stomatology, Medical School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinqiang Liu
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Stomatology, Medical School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao Yan
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Stomatology, Medical School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dapeng Ren
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Stomatology, Medical School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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15
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Effects of mechanical trauma on the differentiation and ArfGAP3 expression of C2C12 myoblast and mouse levator ani muscle. Int Urogynecol J 2020; 31:1913-1924. [PMID: 31989201 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-019-04212-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS Severe mechanical injury or inadequate repair of the levator ani muscle (LAM) is a key contributor to the development of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). We explored the effects of mechanical stress on myoblasts and LAM at the cellular and animal level and the possible mechanism of PFD induced by mechanical trauma. METHODS A C2C12 cell mechanical injury model was established with a four-point bending device, and a LAM injury mouse model was established via vaginal distention and distal traction, a common way of simulating the birth injury. The cells were divided into control, 1333 μ strain for 4-h cyclic mechanical strain (CMS), 1333 μ strain for 8-h CMS, and 5333 μ strain for 4-h CMS groups. Mice were divided into control and injury groups. After treatment, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, indicators of oxidative damage, cell apoptosis, muscle and cell morphology, cell differentiation, and expression of adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 3 (ArfGAP3) were detected. RESULTS 5333 μ strain for 4-h CMS loading could induce myoblast injury with a reduction of ΔΨm, increased ROS levels, aggravation of oxidative damage-associated proteins NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and xanthine oxidase (XO), and an increased apoptosis rate of C2C12 cells. At the same time, the injury CMS loading can promote the differentiation of myoblasts and increase the expression of ArfGAP3, a factor regulating intracellular transport. Mechanical trauma could also lead to the oxidative damage of LAM, indicated by 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG), NOX2 and XO protein accumulation, and increase the expression of ArfGAP3 in LAM. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress caused by mechanical trauma induces dysfunction and damage repairing of LAM and C2C12 myoblast, and ArfGAP3 may promote the repairing process.
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16
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Bansai S, Morikura T, Onoe H, Miyata S. Effect of Cyclic Stretch on Tissue Maturation in Myoblast-Laden Hydrogel Fibers. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10060399. [PMID: 31208059 PMCID: PMC6630375 DOI: 10.3390/mi10060399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Engineering of the skeletal muscles has attracted attention for the restoration of damaged muscles from myopathy, injury, and extraction of malignant tumors. Reconstructing a three-dimensional muscle using living cells could be a promising approach. However, the regenerated tissue exhibits a weak construction force due to the insufficient tissue maturation. The purpose of this study is to establish the reconstruction system for the skeletal muscle. We used a cell-laden core-shell hydrogel microfiber as a three-dimensional culture to control the cellular orientation. Moreover, to mature the muscle tissue in the microfiber, we also developed a custom-made culture device for imposing cyclic stretch stimulation using a motorized stage and the fiber-grab system. As a result, the directions of the myotubes were oriented and the mature myotubes could be formed by cyclic stretch stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinako Bansai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Takashi Morikura
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Onoe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Shogo Miyata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
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17
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Targeted sequencing analysis of PPARG identifies a risk variant associated with obstructive sleep apnea in Chinese Han subjects. Sleep Breath 2019; 24:167-174. [PMID: 31044373 PMCID: PMC7127989 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-019-01855-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of partial or complete upper airway obstruction. OSA susceptibility is associated with multiple genetic, environmental, and developmental factors. The PPARG rs1801282 (G/C) polymorphism has been associated with OSA in obese Indian subjects, whereas no such association has been reported in Chinese Han subjects. Potential associations between other PPARG variants and OSA have not been investigated in Chinese Han populations. The aim of this study was to identify genetic variants of PPARG in unrelated Chinese Han patients with OSA and to investigate potential associations between these variants and OSA. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study of 233 individuals with OSA and 93 control individuals. A portable diagnostic device was used to diagnose OSA. Targeted sequencing was conducted to identify PPARG variants. Associations between PPARG variants and OSA were analyzed using multivariate regression. RESULTS Three PPARG single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified and the genotype frequencies of the rs1801282 polymorphism differed significantly. Subjects with the PPARG rs1801282 CG genotype had decreased risk of having OSA compared with subjects with the CC genotype after adjusting for confounding effects. CONCLUSIONS We identified a variant of PPARG associated with the occurrence of OSA in Chinese Han populations.
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18
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Song J, Wang Y, Yuan X, Ji Q, Fan C, Zhao H, Hao W, Ren D. Stretching magnitude-dependent inactivation of AKT by ROS led to enhanced p53 mitochondrial translocation and myoblast apoptosis. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:1182-1197. [PMID: 30865562 PMCID: PMC6724521 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-12-0770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we had shown that high magnitude stretch (HMS), rather than low magnitude stretch (LMS), induced significant apoptosis of skeletal muscle C2C12 myoblasts. However, the molecular mechanism remains obscure. In this study, we found that p53 protein accumulated in the nucleus of LMS-loaded cells, whereas it translocated into mitochondria of HMS-loaded cells. Knocking down endogenous p53 by shRNA abrogated HMS-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that overaccumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during HMS-inactivated AKT that was activated in LMS-treated cells, which accounted for the distinct p53 subcellular localizations under HMS and LMS. Blocking ROS generation by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or overexpressing constitutively active AKT vector (CA-AKT) inhibited HMS-incurred p53 mitochondrial translocation and promoted its nuclear targeting. Moreover, both NAC and CA-AKT significantly attenuated HMS-induced C2C12 apoptosis. Finally, we found that Ser389 phosphorylation of p53 was a downstream event of ROS-inactivated AKT pathway, which was critical to p53 mitochondrial trafficking during HMS stimuli. Transfecting p53-shRNA C2C12s with the mutant p53 (S389A) that was unable to target p53 to mitochondria underwent significantly lower apoptosis than transfection with wild-type p53. Altogether, our study uncovered that mitochondrial localization of p53, resulting from p53 Ser389 phosphorylation through ROS-inactivated AKT pathway, prompted C2C12 myoblast apoptosis during HMS stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Song
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiuxia Ji
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Cunhui Fan
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongmei Zhao
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjing Hao
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dapeng Ren
- Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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19
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Kim W, Kim J, Park HS, Jeon JS. Development of Microfluidic Stretch System for Studying Recovery of Damaged Skeletal Muscle Cells. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E671. [PMID: 30567359 PMCID: PMC6315523 DOI: 10.3390/mi9120671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The skeletal muscle occupies about 40% mass of the human body and plays a significant role in the skeletal movement control. Skeletal muscle injury also occurs often and causes pain, discomfort, and functional impairment in daily living. Clinically, most studies observed the recovery phenomenon of muscle by massage or electrical stimulation, but there are limitations on quantitatively analyzing the effects on recovery. Although additional efforts have been made within in vitro biochemical research, some questions still remain for effects of the different cell microenvironment for recovery. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a microfluidic system to investigate appropriate conditions for repairing skeletal muscle injury. First, the muscle cells were cultured in the microfluidic chip and differentiated to muscle fibers. After differentiation, we treated hydrogen peroxide and 18% axial stretch to cause chemical and physical damage to the muscle fibers. Then the damaged muscle fibers were placed under the cyclic stretch condition to allow recovery. Finally, we analyzed the damage and recovery by quantifying morphological change as well as the intensity change of intracellular fluorescent signals and showed the skeletal muscle fibers recovered better in the cyclic stretched condition. In total, our in situ generation of muscle damage and induction recovery platform may be a key system for investigating muscle recovery and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanho Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Jaesang Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Hyung-Soon Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Jessie S Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
- KI HST, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
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20
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Takahashi H, Shimizu T, Okano T. Engineered Human Contractile Myofiber Sheets as a Platform for Studies of Skeletal Muscle Physiology. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13932. [PMID: 30224737 PMCID: PMC6141563 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle physiology and the mechanisms of muscle diseases can be effectively studied by an in-vitro tissue model produced by muscle tissue engineering. Engineered human cell-based tissues are required more than ever because of the advantages they bring as tissue models in research studies. This study reports on a production method of a human skeletal myofiber sheet that demonstrates biomimetic properties including the aligned structure of myofibers, basement membrane-like structure of the extracellular matrix, and unidirectional contractile ability. The contractile ability and drug responsibility shown in this study indicate that this engineered muscle tissue has potential as a human cell-based tissue model for clinically relevant in-vitro studies in muscle physiology and drug discovery. Moreover, this engineered tissue can be used to better understand the relationships between mechanical stress and myogenesis, including muscle growth and regeneration. In this study, periodic exercise induced by continuous electrical pulse stimulation enhanced the contractile ability of the engineered myofibers and the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from the exercising myofibers. Since the physiology of skeletal muscle is directly related to mechanical stress, these features point to application as a tissue model and platform for future biological studies of skeletal muscle including muscle metabolism, muscle atrophy and muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Takahashi
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Shimizu
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teruo Okano
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Dziki JL, Giglio RM, Sicari BM, Wang DS, Gandhi RM, Londono R, Dearth CL, Badylak SF. The Effect of Mechanical Loading Upon Extracellular Matrix Bioscaffold-Mediated Skeletal Muscle Remodeling. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 24:34-46. [PMID: 28345417 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that site-appropriate loading of implanted extracellular matrix (ECM) bioscaffolds and the surrounding microenvironment is an important tissue remodeling determinant, although the role at the cellular level in ECM-mediated skeletal muscle remodeling remains unknown. This study evaluates crosstalk between progenitor cells and macrophages during mechanical loading in ECM-mediated skeletal muscle repair. Myoblasts were exposed to solubilized ECM bioscaffolds and were mechanically loaded at 10% strain, 1 Hz for 5 h. Conditioned media was collected and applied to bone marrow-derived macrophages followed by immunolabeling for proinflammatory M1-like markers and proremodeling M2-like markers. Macrophages were subjected to the same loading protocol and their secreted products were collected for myoblast migration, proliferation, and differentiation analysis. A mouse hind limb unloading volumetric muscle loss model was used to evaluate the effect of loading upon the skeletal muscle microenvironment after ECM implantation. Animals were sacrificed at 14 or 180 days. Isometric torque production was tested and tissue sections were immunolabeled for macrophage phenotype and muscle fiber content. Results show that loading augments the ability of myoblasts to promote an M2-like macrophage phenotype following exposure to ECM bioscaffolds. Mechanically loaded macrophages promote myoblast chemotaxis and differentiation. Lack of weight bearing impaired muscle remodeling as indicated by Masson's Trichrome stain. Isometric torque was significantly increased following ECM implantation when compared to controls, a response not present in the hind limb-unloaded group. This work provides an important mechanistic insight of the effects of rehabilitation upon ECM-mediated remodeling and could have broader implications in clinical practice, advocating multidisciplinary approaches to regenerative medicine, emphasizing rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Dziki
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ross M Giglio
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Brian M Sicari
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,3 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Derek S Wang
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Riddhi M Gandhi
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ricardo Londono
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher L Dearth
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,3 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,4 DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center/Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,3 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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22
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Kasper AM, Turner DC, Martin NRW, Sharples AP. Mimicking exercise in three-dimensional bioengineered skeletal muscle to investigate cellular and molecular mechanisms of physiological adaptation. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1985-1998. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas M. Kasper
- Stem Cells, Ageing, and Molecular Physiology (SCAMP) Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), School of Sport and Exercise Sciences; Liverpool John Moores University; Liverpool UK
| | - Daniel C. Turner
- Stem Cells, Ageing, and Molecular Physiology (SCAMP) Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), School of Sport and Exercise Sciences; Liverpool John Moores University; Liverpool UK
| | - Neil R. W. Martin
- Musculoskeletal Biology Research Group, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences; Loughborough University; Loughborough UK
| | - Adam P. Sharples
- Stem Cells, Ageing, and Molecular Physiology (SCAMP) Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), School of Sport and Exercise Sciences; Liverpool John Moores University; Liverpool UK
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23
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Mennens SFB, van den Dries K, Cambi A. Role for Mechanotransduction in Macrophage and Dendritic Cell Immunobiology. Results Probl Cell Differ 2017; 62:209-242. [PMID: 28455711 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-54090-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissue homeostasis is not only controlled by biochemical signals but also through mechanical forces that act on cells. Yet, while it has long been known that biochemical signals have profound effects on cell biology, the importance of mechanical forces has only been recognized much more recently. The types of mechanical stress that cells experience include stretch, compression, and shear stress, which are mainly induced by the extracellular matrix, cell-cell contacts, and fluid flow. Importantly, macroscale tissue deformation through stretch or compression also affects cellular function.Immune cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells are present in almost all peripheral tissues, and monocytes populate the vasculature throughout the body. These cells are unique in the sense that they are subject to a large variety of different mechanical environments, and it is therefore not surprising that key immune effector functions are altered by mechanical stimuli. In this chapter, we describe the different types of mechanical signals that cells encounter within the body and review the current knowledge on the role of mechanical signals in regulating macrophage, monocyte, and dendritic cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja F B Mennens
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Koen van den Dries
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Cambi
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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24
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Bettadapur A, Suh GC, Geisse NA, Wang ER, Hua C, Huber HA, Viscio AA, Kim JY, Strickland JB, McCain ML. Prolonged Culture of Aligned Skeletal Myotubes on Micromolded Gelatin Hydrogels. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28855. [PMID: 27350122 PMCID: PMC4924097 DOI: 10.1038/srep28855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro models of skeletal muscle are critically needed to elucidate disease mechanisms, identify therapeutic targets, and test drugs pre-clinically. However, culturing skeletal muscle has been challenging due to myotube delamination from synthetic culture substrates approximately one week after initiating differentiation from myoblasts. In this study, we successfully maintained aligned skeletal myotubes differentiated from C2C12 mouse skeletal myoblasts for three weeks by utilizing micromolded (μmolded) gelatin hydrogels as culture substrates, which we thoroughly characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Compared to polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microcontact printed (μprinted) with fibronectin (FN), cell adhesion on gelatin hydrogel constructs was significantly higher one week and three weeks after initiating differentiation. Delamination from FN-μprinted PDMS precluded robust detection of myotubes. Compared to a softer blend of PDMS μprinted with FN, myogenic index, myotube width, and myotube length on μmolded gelatin hydrogels was similar one week after initiating differentiation. However, three weeks after initiating differentiation, these parameters were significantly higher on μmolded gelatin hydrogels compared to FN-μprinted soft PDMS constructs. Similar results were observed on isotropic versions of each substrate, suggesting that these findings are independent of substrate patterning. Our platform enables novel studies into skeletal muscle development and disease and chronic drug testing in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Bettadapur
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Gio C Suh
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | | | - Evelyn R Wang
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Clara Hua
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Holly A Huber
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Alyssa A Viscio
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Joon Young Kim
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Julie B Strickland
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Megan L McCain
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
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25
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Frias FDT, de Mendonça M, Martins AR, Gindro AF, Cogliati B, Curi R, Rodrigues AC. MyomiRs as Markers of Insulin Resistance and Decreased Myogenesis in Skeletal Muscle of Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:76. [PMID: 27445979 PMCID: PMC4921801 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) feeding causes insulin resistance (IR) in skeletal muscle of mice, which affects skeletal muscle metabolism and function. The involvement of muscle-specific microRNAs in the evolution of skeletal muscle IR during 4, 8, and 12 weeks in HFD-induced obese mice was investigated. After 4 weeks in HFD, mice were obese, hyperglycemic, and hyperinsulinemic; however, their muscles were responsive to insulin stimuli. Expressions of MyomiRs (miR-1, miR-133a, and miR-206) measured in soleus muscles were not different from those found in control mice. After 8 weeks of HFD feeding, glucose uptake was lower in skeletal muscle from obese mice compared to control mice, and we observed a significant decrease in miR-1a in soleus muscle when compared to HFD for 4 weeks. miR-1a expression continued to decay within time. After 12 weeks of HFD, miR-133a expression was upregulated when compared to the control group. Expression of miR-1a was negatively correlated with glycemia and positively correlated with the constant rate of plasma glucose disappearance. Pioglitazone treatment could not reverse decreases of miR-1a levels induced by HFD. Targets of myomiRs involved in insulin-growth factor (IGF)-1 pathway, such as Igf-1, Irs-1, Rheb, and follistatin, were reduced after 12 weeks in HFD and Mtor increased, when compared to the control or HFD for 4 or 8 weeks. These findings suggest for the first time that miR-1 may be a marker of the development of IR in skeletal muscle. Evidence was also presented that impairment in myomiRs expression contributes to decreased myogenesis and skeletal muscle growth reported in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia de Toledo Frias
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Mendonça
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Roque Martins
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Gindro
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cogliati
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alice Cristina Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Alice Cristina Rodrigues,
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