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Oliva R, Torcasio SM, Coulembier O, Piperno A, Mazzaglia A, Scalese S, Rossi A, Bassi G, Panseri S, Montesi M, Scala A. RGD-tagging of star-shaped PLA-PEG micellar nanoassemblies enhances doxorubicin efficacy against osteosarcoma. Int J Pharm 2024; 657:124183. [PMID: 38692500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
We developed cyclic RGD-tagged polymeric micellar nanoassemblies for sustained delivery of Doxorubicin (Dox) endowed with significant cytotoxic effect against MG63, SAOS-2, and U2-OS osteosarcoma cells without compromising the viability of healthy osteoblasts (hFOBs). Targeted polymeric micellar nanoassemblies (RGD-NanoStar@Dox) enabled Dox to reach the nucleus of MG63, SAOS-2, and U2-OS cells causing the same cytotoxic effect as free Dox, unlike untargeted micellar nanoassemblies (NanoStar@Dox) which failed to reach the nucleus and resulted ineffective, demonstrating the crucial role of cyclic RGD peptide in driving cellular uptake and accumulation mechanisms in osteosarcoma cells. Micellar nanoassemblies were obtained by nanoformulation of three-armed star PLA-PEG copolymers properly synthetized with and without decoration with the cyclic-RGDyK peptide (Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Tyr-Lys). The optimal RGD-NanoStar@Dox nanoformulation obtained by nanoprecipitation method (8 % drug loading; 35 % encapsulation efficiency) provided a prolonged and sustained drug release with a rate significantly lower than the free drug under the same experimental conditions. Moreover, the nanosystem preserved Dox from the natural degradation occurring under physiological conditions (i.e., dimerization and consequent precipitation) serving as a slow-release "drug reservoir" ensuring an extended biological activity over the time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Oliva
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Serena Maria Torcasio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 23, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Olivier Coulembier
- Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 23, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Anna Piperno
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Mazzaglia
- CNR-ISMN, National Council of Research, Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, URT of Messina c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le, F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Silvia Scalese
- CNR-IMM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, Ottava Strada n.5, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Arianna Rossi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; CNR-ISSMC, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Giada Bassi
- CNR-ISSMC, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, RA, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, University of Studies "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, CH, Italy
| | - Silvia Panseri
- CNR-ISSMC, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Monica Montesi
- CNR-ISSMC, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Angela Scala
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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Ferro-Flores G, Ancira-Cortez A, Ocampo-García B, Meléndez-Alafort L. Molecularly Targeted Lanthanide Nanoparticles for Cancer Theranostic Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:296. [PMID: 38334567 PMCID: PMC10857384 DOI: 10.3390/nano14030296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Injectable colloidal solutions of lanthanide oxides (nanoparticles between 10 and 100 nm in size) have demonstrated high biocompatibility and no toxicity when the nanoparticulate units are functionalized with specific biomolecules that molecularly target various proteins in the tumor microenvironment. Among the proteins successfully targeted by functionalized lanthanide nanoparticles are folic receptors, fibroblast activation protein (FAP), gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRP-R), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and integrins associated with tumor neovasculature. Lutetium, samarium, europium, holmium, and terbium, either as lanthanide oxide nanoparticles or as nanoparticles doped with lanthanide ions, have demonstrated their theranostic potential through their ability to generate molecular images by magnetic resonance, nuclear, optical, or computed tomography imaging. Likewise, photodynamic therapy, targeted radiotherapy (neutron-activated nanoparticles), drug delivery guidance, and image-guided tumor therapy are some examples of their potential therapeutic applications. This review provides an overview of cancer theranostics based on lanthanide nanoparticles coated with specific peptides, ligands, and proteins targeting the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermina Ferro-Flores
- Department of Radioactive Materials, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac 52750, Mexico; (G.F.-F.); (A.A.-C.); (B.O.-G.)
| | - Alejandra Ancira-Cortez
- Department of Radioactive Materials, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac 52750, Mexico; (G.F.-F.); (A.A.-C.); (B.O.-G.)
| | - Blanca Ocampo-García
- Department of Radioactive Materials, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac 52750, Mexico; (G.F.-F.); (A.A.-C.); (B.O.-G.)
| | - Laura Meléndez-Alafort
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35138 Padova, Italy
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Laiolo J, Graikioti DG, Barbieri CL, Joray MB, Antoniou AI, Vera DMA, Athanassopoulos CM, Carpinella MC. Novel betulin derivatives as multidrug reversal agents targeting P-glycoprotein. Sci Rep 2024; 14:70. [PMID: 38167542 PMCID: PMC10762177 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49939-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a powerful means of cancer treatment but its efficacy is compromised by the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR), mainly linked to the efflux transporter ABCB1/P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Based on the chemical structure of betulin, identified in our previous work as an effective modulator of the P-gp function, a series of analogs were designed, synthesized and evaluated as a source of novel inhibitors. Compounds 6g and 6i inhibited rhodamine 123 efflux in the P-gp overexpressed leukemia cells, K562/Dox, at concentrations of 0.19 µM and 0.39 µM, respectively, and increased the intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin at the submicromolar concentration of 0.098 µM. Compounds 6g and 6i were able to restore the sensitivity of K562/Dox to Dox at 0.024 µM and 0.19 µM, respectively. Structure-activity relationship analysis and molecular modeling revealed important information about the structural features conferring activity. All the active compounds fitted in a specific region involving mainly transmembrane helices (TMH) 4-6 from one homologous half and TMH 7 and 12 from the other, also showing close contacts with TMH 6 and 12. Compounds that bound preferentially to another region were inactive, regardless of their free energy of binding. It should be noted that compounds 6g and 6i were devoid of toxic effects against peripheral blood mononuclear normal cells and erythrocytes. The data obtained indicates that both compounds might be proposed as scaffolds for obtaining promising P-gp inhibitors for overcoming MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerónimo Laiolo
- Fine Chemical and Natural Products Laboratory, IRNASUS CONICET-UCC, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Dafni G Graikioti
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Cecilia L Barbieri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Exact and Natural Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - QUIAMM - INBIOTEC CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Mariana B Joray
- Fine Chemical and Natural Products Laboratory, IRNASUS CONICET-UCC and CIDIE CONICET-UCC, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Antonia I Antoniou
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - D Mariano A Vera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Exact and Natural Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - QUIAMM - INBIOTEC CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | | | - María C Carpinella
- Fine Chemical and Natural Products Laboratory, IRNASUS CONICET-UCC and CIDIE CONICET-UCC, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Qiao F, Jiang Z, Fang W, Sun J, Hu Q. Dually Responsive Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Based on Quaternized Chitosan. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137342. [PMID: 35806347 PMCID: PMC9266538 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report the fabrication and functional demonstration of a kind of dually responsive nanoparticles (NPs) as a potential drug delivery vector. The pH value, corresponding to the acidic microenvironment at the tumor site, and mannitol, to the extracellular trigger agent, were employed as the dually responsive factors. The function of dual responses was achieved by breaking the dynamic covalent bonds between phenylboronic acid (PBA) groups and diols at low pH value (pH 5.0) and/or under the administration of mannitol, which triggered the decomposition of the complex NPs and the concomitant release of anticancer drug of doxorubicin (DOX) loaded inside the NPs. The NPs were composed of modified chitosan (PQCS) with quaternary ammonium and PBA groups on the side chains, heparin (Hep), and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), in which quaternary ammonium groups offer the positive charge for the cell-internalization of NPs, PBA groups serve for the formation of dynamic bonds in responding to pH change and mannitol addition, PVA furnishes the NPs with diol groups for the interaction with PBA groups and the formation of dynamic NPS, and Hep plays the roles of reducing the cytotoxicity of highly positively-charged chitosan and forming of complex NPs for DOX up-loading. A three-step fabrication process of drug-loaded NPs was described, and the characterization results were comprehensively demonstrated. The sustained drug release from the drug-loaded NPs displayed obvious pH and mannitol dependence. More specifically, the cumulative DOX release was increased more than 1.5-fold at pH 5.0 with 20 mg mL−1 mannitol. Furthermore, the nanoparticles were manifested with effective antitumor efficient and apparently enhanced cytotoxicity in response to the acidic pH value and/or mannitol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghui Qiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (F.Q.); (Z.J.); (W.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Zhiqi Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (F.Q.); (Z.J.); (W.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Wen Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (F.Q.); (Z.J.); (W.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Jingzhi Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (F.Q.); (Z.J.); (W.F.); (J.S.)
- Center of Healthcare Materials, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Qiaoling Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (F.Q.); (Z.J.); (W.F.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Lan Y, He B, Tan CS, Ming D. Applications of Smartphone-Based Aptasensor for Diverse Targets Detection. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070477. [PMID: 35884280 PMCID: PMC9312806 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers are a particular class of functional recognition ligands with high specificity and affinity to their targets. As the candidate recognition layer of biosensors, aptamers can be used to sense biomolecules. Aptasensors, aptamer-based biosensors, have been demonstrated to be specific, sensitive, and cost-effective. Furthermore, smartphone-based devices have shown their advantages in binding to aptasensors for point-of-care testing (POCT), which offers an immediate or spontaneous responding time for biological testing. This review describes smartphone-based aptasensors to detect various targets such as metal ions, nucleic acids, proteins, and cells. Additionally, the focus is also on aptasensors-related technologies and configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lan
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.); (B.H.)
| | - Baixun He
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.); (B.H.)
| | - Cherie S. Tan
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.); (B.H.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Tianjin 300072, China
- Correspondence: (C.S.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.); (B.H.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Correspondence: (C.S.T.); (D.M.)
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6
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He Z, Wang Q, Zhang N, Yan J, Li L, Cao J, He B. Gold nanorods/tetrahedral DNA composites for chemo-photothermal therapy. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac032. [PMID: 35668924 PMCID: PMC9163824 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy is extensively developed for cancer treatment in recent years due to its high efficiency. Herein, we constructed a nanocomposite based on gold nanorods (GNRs) and drug-loaded tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDN) for chemo-photothermal combinational therapy. Anti-tumor drug doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded via the insertion within GC base pairs of TDN. The aptamer AS1411 was attached to the apex of TDN (ATDN) to target tumor cells. The DOX-loaded DNA tetrahedron (ATDN-DOX) was compressed by the GNRs coated with PEI (GNRs@ATDN-DOX) to realize the photothermal function and lysosome escape. GNRs under the illumination of 808 nm infrared laser showed high photothermal conversion and stability due to the protection of PEI layer. The drug-loading capacity of ATDN-DOX was as high as 314 DOX molecules in per ATDN. The positive charge of PEI in GNRs@ATDN-DOX nanocomposites was utilized to achieve excellent cell penetration and induce proton sponge effect for lysosomal escape. The nanocomposites presented HeLa and 4T1 cells targeting and resulted in efficient anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyun He
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Qiusheng Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jianqin Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266073, China
| | - Li Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jun Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Bin He
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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Du W, Zhang L, Li X, Ling G, Zhang P. Nuclear targeting Subcellular-delivery nanosystems for precise cancer treatment. Int J Pharm 2022; 619:121735. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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8
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Chand S, Alahmed O, Baslyman WS, Dey A, Qutub S, Saha R, Hijikata Y, Alaamery M, Khashab NM. DNA-Mimicking Metal-Organic Frameworks with Accessible Adenine Faces for Complementary Base Pairing. JACS AU 2022; 2:623-630. [PMID: 35373199 PMCID: PMC8969998 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Biologically derived metal-organic frameworks (Bio-MOFs) are significant, as they can be used in cutting-edge biomedical applications such as targeted gene delivery. Herein, adenine (Ade) and unnatural amino acids coordinate with Zn2+ to produce biocompatible frameworks, KBM-1 and KBM-2, with extremely defined porous channels. They feature an accessible Watson-Crick Ade face that is available for further hydrogen bonding and can load single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) with 13 and 41% efficiency for KBM-1 and KBM-2, respectively. Treatment of these frameworks with thymine (Thy), as a competitive guest for base pairing with the Ade open sites, led to more than 50% reduction of ssDNA loading. Moreover, KBM-2 loaded Thy-rich ssDNA more efficiently than Thy-free ssDNA. These findings support the role of the Thy-Ade base pairing in promoting ssDNA loading. Furthermore, theoretical calculations using the self-consistent charge density functional tight-binding (SCC-DFTB) method verified the role of hydrogen bonding and van der Waals type interactions in this host-guest interface. KBM-1 and KBM-2 can protect ssDNA from enzymatic degradation and release it at acidic pH. Most importantly, these biocompatible frameworks can efficiently deliver genetic cargo with retained activity to the cell nucleus. We envisage that this class of Bio-MOFs can find immediate applicability as biomimics for sensing, stabilizing, and delivering genetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Chand
- Smart
Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous
Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia
| | - Othman Alahmed
- Smart
Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous
Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia
| | - Walaa S. Baslyman
- Smart
Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous
Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia
| | - Avishek Dey
- Smart
Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous
Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia
| | - Somayah Qutub
- Smart
Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous
Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia
| | - Ranajit Saha
- Institute
for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yuh Hijikata
- Institute
for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Manal Alaamery
- Developmental
Medicine Department, King Abdullah Interna-tional Medical Research
Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University
for Health Sciences, Ministry of
National Guard-Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11481, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Niveen M. Khashab
- Smart
Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous
Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia
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Jethva P, Momin M, Khan T, Omri A. Lanthanide-Doped Upconversion Luminescent Nanoparticles-Evolving Role in Bioimaging, Biosensing, and Drug Delivery. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072374. [PMID: 35407706 PMCID: PMC8999924 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Upconverting luminescent nanoparticles (UCNPs) are "new generation fluorophores" with an evolving landscape of applications in diverse industries, especially life sciences and healthcare. The anti-Stokes emission accompanied by long luminescence lifetimes, multiple absorptions, emission bands, and good photostability, enables background-free and multiplexed detection in deep tissues for enhanced imaging contrast. Their properties such as high color purity, high resistance to photobleaching, less photodamage to biological samples, attractive physical and chemical stability, and low toxicity are affected by the chemical composition; nanoparticle crystal structure, size, shape and the route; reagents; and procedure used in their synthesis. A wide range of hosts and lanthanide ion (Ln3+) types have been used to control the luminescent properties of nanosystems. By modification of these properties, the performance of UCNPs can be designed for anticipated end-use applications such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), high-resolution displays, bioimaging, biosensors, and drug delivery. The application landscape of inorganic nanomaterials in biological environments can be expanded by bridging the gap between nanoparticles and biomolecules via surface modifications and appropriate functionalization. This review highlights the synthesis, surface modification, and biomedical applications of UCNPs, such as bioimaging and drug delivery, and presents the scope and future perspective on Ln-doped UCNPs in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Jethva
- SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400 056, India;
| | - Munira Momin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400 056, India;
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400 056, India
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- The Novel Drug & Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E2C6, Canada
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (A.O.)
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