1
|
Li Y, Guo Y, Niu F, Gao H, Wang Q, Xu M. Regulation of oxidative stress response and antioxidant modification in Corynebacterium glutamicum. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:267. [PMID: 39004689 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04066-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
As an efficient and safe industrial bacterium, Corynebacterium glutamicum has extensive application in amino acid production. However, it often faces oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to diminished production efficiency. To enhance the robustness of C. glutamicum, numerous studies have focused on elucidating its regulatory mechanisms under various stress conditions such as heat, acid, and sulfur stress. However, a comprehensive review of its defense mechanisms against oxidative stress is needed. This review offers an in-depth overview of the mechanisms C. glutamicum employs to manage oxidative stress. It covers both enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems, including antioxidant enzymes, regulatory protein families, sigma factors involved in transcription, and physiological redox reduction pathways. This review provides insights for advancing research on the antioxidant mechanisms of C. glutamicum and sheds light on its potential applications in industrial production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueshu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yuanyi Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Fangyuan Niu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Hui Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Meijuan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baldani JI, Dos Santos Ferreira N, Shwab S, Reis VM, de Barros Soares LH, Simões-Araujo JL, Dos Santos Dourado F, Bach E, Camacho NN, de Oliveira AM, Alves BJR, Silva AL, Rossi CN, de Oliveira Junior AF, Zilli JE. Nitrospirillum viridazoti sp. nov., an Efficient Nitrogen-Fixing Species Isolated from Grasses. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:144. [PMID: 38630311 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03665-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
A group of Gram-negative plant-associated diazotrophic bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrospirillum was investigated, including both previously characterized and newly isolated strains from diverse regions and biomes, predominantly in Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and recA genes revealed the formation of a distinct clade consisting of thirteen strains, separate from the formally recognized species N. amazonense (the closest species) and N. iridis. Comprehensive taxonomic analyses using the whole genomes of four strains (BR 11140T = AM 18T = Y-2T = DSM 2788T = ATCC 35120T, BR 11142T = AM 14T = Y-1T = DSM 2787T = ATCC 35119T, BR 11145 = CBAmC, and BR 12005) supported the division of these strains into two species: N. amazonense (BR 11142 T and BR 12005) and a newly proposed species (BR 11140 T and BR 11145), distinct from N. iridis. The phylogenomic analysis further confirmed the presence of the new Nitrospirillum species. Additionally, MALDI-TOF MS analysis of whole-cell mass spectra provided further evidence for the differentiation of the proposed Nitrospirillum species, separate from N. amazonense. Analysis of chemotaxonomy markers (i.e., genes involved in fatty acid synthesis, metabolism and elongation, phospholipid synthesis, and quinone synthesis) revealed that the new species highlights high similarity and evolutionary convergence with other Nitrospirillum species. This new species exhibited nitrogen fixation ability in vitro, it has similar NifHDK protein phylogeny position with the closest species, lacked denitrification capability, but possessed the nosZ gene, enabling N2O reduction, distinguishing it from the closest species. Despite being isolated from diverse geographic regions, soil types, and ecological niches, no significant phenotypic or physiological differences were observed between the proposed new species and N. amazonense. Based on these findings, a new species, Nitrospirillum viridazoti sp. nov., was classified, with the strain BR 11140T (DSM 2788T, ATCC 35120T) designated as the type strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Ivo Baldani
- Embrapa Agrobiologia, BR 465 km 07, Bairro Ecologia, Seropedica, RJ, 23891-000, Brazil
| | | | - Stefan Shwab
- Embrapa Agrobiologia, BR 465 km 07, Bairro Ecologia, Seropedica, RJ, 23891-000, Brazil
| | - Veronica Massena Reis
- Embrapa Agrobiologia, BR 465 km 07, Bairro Ecologia, Seropedica, RJ, 23891-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Evelise Bach
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), IB-UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Maura de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), BR 465 km 07, Seropedica, RJ, 23,890-970, Brazil
| | | | - Andréia Loviane Silva
- Embrapa Agrobiologia, BR 465 km 07, Bairro Ecologia, Seropedica, RJ, 23891-000, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nachi Rossi
- Embrapa Agrobiologia, BR 465 km 07, Bairro Ecologia, Seropedica, RJ, 23891-000, Brazil
| | | | - Jerri Edson Zilli
- Embrapa Agrobiologia, BR 465 km 07, Bairro Ecologia, Seropedica, RJ, 23891-000, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pelosi L, Morbiato L, Burgardt A, Tonello F, Bartlett AK, Guerra RM, Ferizhendi KK, Desbats MA, Rascalou B, Marchi M, Vázquez-Fonseca L, Agosto C, Zanotti G, Roger-Margueritat M, Alcázar-Fabra M, García-Corzo L, Sánchez-Cuesta A, Navas P, Brea-Calvo G, Trevisson E, Wendisch VF, Pagliarini DJ, Salviati L, Pierrel F. COQ4 is required for the oxidative decarboxylation of the C1 carbon of coenzyme Q in eukaryotic cells. Mol Cell 2024; 84:981-989.e7. [PMID: 38295803 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a redox lipid that fulfills critical functions in cellular bioenergetics and homeostasis. CoQ is synthesized by a multi-step pathway that involves several COQ proteins. Two steps of the eukaryotic pathway, the decarboxylation and hydroxylation of position C1, have remained uncharacterized. Here, we provide evidence that these two reactions occur in a single oxidative decarboxylation step catalyzed by COQ4. We demonstrate that COQ4 complements an Escherichia coli strain deficient for C1 decarboxylation and hydroxylation and that COQ4 displays oxidative decarboxylation activity in the non-CoQ producer Corynebacterium glutamicum. Overall, our results substantiate that COQ4 contributes to CoQ biosynthesis, not only via its previously proposed structural role but also via the oxidative decarboxylation of CoQ precursors. These findings fill a major gap in the knowledge of eukaryotic CoQ biosynthesis and shed light on the pathophysiology of human primary CoQ deficiency due to COQ4 mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Pelosi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Laura Morbiato
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Arthur Burgardt
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology, and Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Abigail K Bartlett
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rachel M Guerra
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Maria Andrea Desbats
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Bérengère Rascalou
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Marco Marchi
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Luis Vázquez-Fonseca
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Caterina Agosto
- Pediatric Pain and Palliative Care Unit, Department of Women and Children's Health, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zanotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | | | - María Alcázar-Fabra
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Laura García-Corzo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Cuesta
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gloria Brea-Calvo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eva Trevisson
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Volker F Wendisch
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology, and Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy; Study Center for Neurodegeneration (CESNE), University of Padua, Padua 35131, Italy.
| | - Fabien Pierrel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pelosi L, Morbiato L, Burgardt A, Tonello F, Bartlett AK, Guerra RM, Ferizhendi KK, Desbats MA, Rascalou B, Marchi M, Vázquez-Fonseca L, Agosto C, Zanotti G, Roger-Margueritat M, Alcázar-Fabra M, García-Corzo L, Sánchez-Cuesta A, Navas P, Brea-Calvo G, Trevisson E, Wendisch VF, Pagliarini DJ, Salviati L, Pierrel F. COQ4 is required for the oxidative decarboxylation of the C1 carbon of Coenzyme Q in eukaryotic cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.13.566839. [PMID: 38014142 PMCID: PMC10680789 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.13.566839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a redox lipid that fulfills critical functions in cellular bioenergetics and homeostasis. CoQ is synthesized by a multi-step pathway that involves several COQ proteins. Two steps of the eukaryotic pathway, the decarboxylation and hydroxylation of position C1, have remained uncharacterized. Here, we provide evidence that these two reactions occur in a single oxidative decarboxylation step catalyzed by COQ4. We demonstrate that COQ4 complements an Escherichia coli strain deficient for C1 decarboxylation and hydroxylation and that COQ4 displays oxidative decarboxylation activity in the non-CoQ producer Corynebacterium glutamicum. Overall, our results substantiate that COQ4 contributes to CoQ biosynthesis, not only via its previously proposed structural role, but also via oxidative decarboxylation of CoQ precursors. These findings fill a major gap in the knowledge of eukaryotic CoQ biosynthesis, and shed new light on the pathophysiology of human primary CoQ deficiency due to COQ4 mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Pelosi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Laura Morbiato
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children’s Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Arthur Burgardt
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology and Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Abigail K. Bartlett
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rachel M. Guerra
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Maria Andrea Desbats
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children’s Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Bérengère Rascalou
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Marco Marchi
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children’s Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Luis Vázquez-Fonseca
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children’s Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Caterina Agosto
- Pediatric Pain and Palliative Care Unit, Department of Women and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zanotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | | | - María Alcázar-Fabra
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Laura García-Corzo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Cuesta
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gloria Brea-Calvo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eva Trevisson
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children’s Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Volker F. Wendisch
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology and Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - David J. Pagliarini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children’s Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
- Study Center for Neurodegeneration (CESNE), University of Padua, Padua 35131, Italy
- Lead contact
| | - Fabien Pierrel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, 38000 Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Flores L, Shene C, Asenjo JA, Chisti Y. Coenzyme Q in Thraustochytrium sp. RT2316-16: Effect of the Medium Composition. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:586. [PMID: 37999410 PMCID: PMC10672569 DOI: 10.3390/md21110586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ; ubiquinone) is an essential component of the respiratory chain. It is also a potent antioxidant that prevents oxidative damage to DNA, biological membranes, and lipoproteins. CoQ comprises a six-carbon ring with polar substituents that interact with electron acceptors and donors, and a hydrophobic polyisoprenoid chain that allows for its localization in cellular membranes. Human CoQ has 10 isoprenoid units (CoQ10) within the polyisoprenoid chain. Few microorganisms produce CoQ10. This work shows that Thraustochytrium sp. RT2316-16 produces CoQ10 and CoQ9. The CoQ10 content in RT2316-16 depended strongly on the composition of the growth medium and the age of the culture, whereas the CoQ9 content was less variable probably because it served a different function in the cell. Adding p-hydroxybenzoic acid to the culture media positively influenced the CoQ10 content of the cell. The absence of some B vitamins and p-aminobenzoic acid in the culture medium negatively affected the growth of RT2316-16, but reduced the decline in CoQ10 that otherwise occurred during growth. The highest content of CoQ9 and CoQ10 in the biomass were 855 μg g-1 and 10 mg g-1, respectively. The results presented here suggest that the thraustochytrid RT2316-16 can be a potential vehicle for producing CoQ10. Metabolic signals that trigger the synthesis of CoQ10 in RT2316-16 need to be determined for optimizing culture conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liset Flores
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations, BIOREN, and Centre of Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Carolina Shene
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations, BIOREN, and Centre of Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Juan A. Asenjo
- Centre for Biotechnoloy and Bioengineering (CeBiB), Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, Universidad de Chile, Beauchef 851, Santiago 8370459, Chile;
| | - Yusuf Chisti
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zha J, Zhao Z, Xiao Z, Eng T, Mukhopadhyay A, Koffas MA, Tang YJ. Biosystem design of Corynebacterium glutamicum for bioproduction. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 79:102870. [PMID: 36549106 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2022.102870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum, a natural glutamate-producing bacterium adopted for industrial production of amino acids, has been extensively explored recently for high-level biosynthesis of amino acid derivatives, bulk chemicals such as organic acids and short-chain alcohols, aromatics, and natural products, including polyphenols and terpenoids. Here, we review the recent advances with a focus on biosystem design principles, metabolic characterization and modeling, omics analysis, utilization of nonmodel feedstock, emerging CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) tools for Corynebacterium strain engineering, biosensors, and novel strains of C. glutamicum. Future research directions for developing C. glutamicum cell factories are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zha
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Zhengyang Xiao
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Thomas Eng
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Aindrila Mukhopadhyay
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Mattheos Ag Koffas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Yinjie J Tang
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, MO 63130, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yadav K, Jatain I, Dubey KK, Nitharwal RG, Kaur I. Development of a thin layer chromatographic method for the determination of coenzyme Q
10
produced by
Agrobacterium tumefaciens. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.202200134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karuna Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology Central University of Haryana Mahendergarh India
| | - Indu Jatain
- Department of Biotechnology Central University of Haryana Mahendergarh India
| | | | - Ram Gopal Nitharwal
- Department of Biotechnology Central University of Haryana Mahendergarh India
| | - Inderjeet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology Central University of Haryana Mahendergarh India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mthembu SXH, Orlando P, Silvestri S, Ziqubu K, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Mabhida SE, Nyambuya TM, Nkambule BB, Muller CJF, Basson AK, Tiano L, Dludla PV. Impact of dyslipidemia in the development of cardiovascular complications: Delineating the potential therapeutic role of coenzyme Q 10. Biochimie 2023; 204:33-40. [PMID: 36067903 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This metabolic anomality is implicated in the generation of oxidative stress, an inevitable process involved in destructive mechanisms leading to myocardial damage. Fortunately, commonly used drugs like statins can counteract the detrimental effects of dyslipidemia by lowering cholesterol to reduce CVD-risk in patients with T2D. Statins mainly function by blocking the production of cholesterol by targeting the mevalonate pathway. However, by blocking cholesterol synthesis, statins coincidently inhibit the synthesis of other essential isoprenoid intermediates of the mevalonate pathway like farnesyl pyrophosphate and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). The latter is by far the most important co-factor and co-enzyme required for efficient mitochondrial oxidative capacity, in addition to its robust antioxidant properties. In fact, supplementation with CoQ10 has been found to be beneficial in ameliorating oxidative stress and improving blood flow in subjects with mild dyslipidemia.. Beyond discussing the destructive effects of oxidative stress in dyslipidemia-induced CVD-related complications, the current review brings a unique perspective in exploring the mevalonate pathway to block cholesterol synthesis while enhancing or maintaining CoQ10 levels in conditions of dyslipidemia. Furthermore, this review disscusses the therapeutic potential of bioactive compounds in targeting the downstream of the mevalonate pathway, more importantly, their ability to block cholesterol while maintaining CoQ10 biosynthesis to protect against the destructive complications of dyslipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinenhlanhla X H Mthembu
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry, Mafikeng Campus, Northwest University, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Patrick Orlando
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Sonia Silvestri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, Mafikeng Campus, Northwest University, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | | | - Sihle E Mabhida
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
| | - Tawanda M Nyambuya
- Department of Health Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, 9000, Namibia
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Christo J F Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Centre for Cardiometabolic Research Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - Albertus K Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fan J, Xu W, Xu X, Wang Y. Production of Coenzyme Q 10 by microbes: an update. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:194. [PMID: 35984526 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is the main CoQ species in human and is used extensively in food, cosmetic and medicine industries because of its antioxidant properties and its benefit in prophylactic medicine and therapy for a variety of diseases. Among various approaches to increase the production of CoQ10, microbial fermentation is the most effective. As knowledge of the biosynthetic enzymes and regulatory mechanisms modulating CoQ10 production increases, opportunities arise for metabolic engineering of CoQ10 in microbial hosts. In this review, we present various strategies used up to date to improve CoQ10 production and focus on metabolic engineering of CoQ10 overproduction in microbes. General strategies of metabolic engineering include providing sufficient precursors for CoQ10, increasing metabolic fluxes, and expanding storage capacity for CoQ10. Based on these strategies, CoQ10 production has been significantly improved in natural CoQ10 producers, as well as in heterologous hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Fan
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism and Tumor Immunity, Xi'an, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism and Tumor Immunity, Xi'an, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Xi Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism and Tumor Immunity, Xi'an, China.
- School of Basic Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rational Engineering of Non-Ubiquinone Containing Corynebacterium glutamicum for Enhanced Coenzyme Q10 Production. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12050428. [PMID: 35629932 PMCID: PMC9145305 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12050428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a lipid-soluble compound with important physiological functions and is sought after in the food and cosmetic industries owing to its antioxidant properties. In our previous proof of concept, we engineered for CoQ10 biosynthesis the industrially relevant Corynebacterium glutamicum, which does not naturally synthesize any CoQ. Here, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis identified two metabolic bottlenecks in the CoQ10 production, i.e., low conversion of the intermediate 10-prenylphenol (10P-Ph) to CoQ10 and the accumulation of isoprenologs with prenyl chain lengths of not only 10, but also 8 to 11 isopentenyl units. To overcome these limitations, the strain was engineered for expression of the Ubi complex accessory factors UbiJ and UbiK from Escherichia coli to increase flux towards CoQ10, and by replacement of the native polyprenyl diphosphate synthase IspB with a decaprenyl diphosphate synthase (DdsA) to select for prenyl chains with 10 isopentenyl units. The best strain UBI6-Rs showed a seven-fold increased CoQ10 content and eight-fold increased CoQ10 titer compared to the initial strain UBI4-Pd, while the abundance of CoQ8, CoQ9, and CoQ11 was significantly reduced. This study demonstrates the application of the recent insight into CoQ biosynthesis to improve metabolic engineering of a heterologous CoQ10 production strain.
Collapse
|
11
|
Pierrel F, Burgardt A, Lee JH, Pelosi L, Wendisch VF. Recent advances in the metabolic pathways and microbial production of coenzyme Q. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:58. [PMID: 35178585 PMCID: PMC8854274 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03242-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) serves as an electron carrier in aerobic respiration and has become an interesting target for biotechnological production due to its antioxidative effect and benefits in supplementation to patients with various diseases. Here, we review discovery of the pathway with a particular focus on its superstructuration and regulation, and we summarize the metabolic engineering strategies for overproduction of CoQ by microorganisms. Studies in model microorganisms elucidated the details of CoQ biosynthesis and revealed the existence of multiprotein complexes composed of several enzymes that catalyze consecutive reactions in the CoQ pathways of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. Recent findings indicate that the identity and the total number of proteins involved in CoQ biosynthesis vary between species, which raises interesting questions about the evolution of the pathway and could provide opportunities for easier engineering of CoQ production. For the biotechnological production, so far only microorganisms have been used that naturally synthesize CoQ10 or a related CoQ species. CoQ biosynthesis requires the aromatic precursor 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and the prenyl side chain that defines the CoQ species. Up to now, metabolic engineering strategies concentrated on the overproduction of the prenyl side chain as well as fine-tuning the expression of ubi genes from the ubiquinone modification pathway, resulting in high CoQ yields. With expanding knowledge about CoQ biosynthesis and exploration of new strategies for strain engineering, microbial CoQ production is expected to improve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Pierrel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Arthur Burgardt
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology and Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jin-Ho Lee
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyungsung University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Ludovic Pelosi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Volker F Wendisch
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology and Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Advances in metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum to produce high-value active ingredients for food, feed, human health, and well-being. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:197-212. [PMID: 34096577 PMCID: PMC8313993 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The soil microbe Corynebacterium glutamicum is a leading workhorse in industrial biotechnology and has become famous for its power to synthetise amino acids and a range of bulk chemicals at high titre and yield. The product portfolio of the microbe is continuously expanding. Moreover, metabolically engineered strains of C. glutamicum produce more than 30 high value active ingredients, including signature molecules of raspberry, savoury, and orange flavours, sun blockers, anti-ageing sugars, and polymers for regenerative medicine. Herein, we highlight recent advances in engineering of the microbe into novel cell factories that overproduce these precious molecules from pioneering proofs-of-concept up to industrial productivity.
Collapse
|