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Datta R. Enzymatic degradation of cellulose in soil: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24022. [PMID: 38234915 PMCID: PMC10792583 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellulose degradation is a critical process in soil ecosystems, playing a vital role in nutrient cycling and organic matter decomposition. Enzymatic degradation of cellulosic biomass is the most sustainable and green method of producing liquid biofuel. It has gained intensive research interest with future perspective as the majority of terrestrial lignocellulose biomass has a great potential to be used as a source of bioenergy. However, the recalcitrant nature of lignocellulose limits its use as a source of energy. Noteworthy enough, enzymatic conversion of cellulose biomass could be a leading future technology. Fungal enzymes play a central role in cellulose degradation. Our understanding of fungal cellulases has substantially redirected in the past few years with the discovery of a new class of enzymes and Cellulosome. Efforts have been made from time to time to develop an economically viable method of cellulose degradation. This review provides insights into the current state of knowledge regarding cellulose degradation in soil and identifies areas where further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Datta
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology. Mendel University In Brno, Czech Republic
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Yang C, Zhu Y, Tian Z, Zhang C, Han X, Jiang S, Liu K, Duan G. Preparation of nanocellulose and its applications in wound dressing: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127997. [PMID: 37949262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose, as a nanoscale polymer material, has garnered significant attention worldwide due to its numerous advantages including excellent biocompatibility, thermal stability, non-toxicity, large specific surface area, and good hydrophilicity. Various methods can be employed for the preparation of nanocellulose. Traditional approaches such as mechanical, chemical, and biological methods possess their own distinct characteristics and limitations. However, with the growing deterioration of our living environment, several green and environmentally friendly preparation techniques have emerged. These novel approaches adopt eco-friendly technologies or employ green reagents to achieve environmental sustainability. Simultaneously, there is a current research focus on optimizing traditional nanocellulose preparation methods while addressing their inherent drawbacks. The combination of mechanical and chemical methods compensates for the limitations associated with using either method alone. Nanocellulose is widely used in wound dressings owing to its exceptional properties, which can accelerate the wound healing process and reduce patient discomfort. In this paper, the principle, advantages and disadvantages of each preparation method of nanocellulose and the research findings in recent years are introduced Moreover, this review provides an overview of the utilization of nanocellulose in wound dressing applications. Finally, the prospective trends in its development alongside corresponding preparation techniques are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yaqin Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhiwei Tian
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Xiaoshuai Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shaohua Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Kunming Liu
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Gaigai Duan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Gupta V, Mohapatra S, Mishra H, Farooq U, Kumar K, Ansari MJ, Aldawsari MF, Alalaiwe AS, Mirza MA, Iqbal Z. Nanotechnology in Cosmetics and Cosmeceuticals—A Review of Latest Advancements. Gels 2022; 8:gels8030173. [PMID: 35323286 PMCID: PMC8951203 DOI: 10.3390/gels8030173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has the potential to generate advancements and innovations in formulations and delivery systems. This fast-developing technology has been widely exploited for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Today, cosmetic formulations incorporating nanotechnology are a relatively new yet very promising and highly researched area. The application of nanotechnology in cosmetics has been shown to overcome the drawbacks associated with traditional cosmetics and also to add more useful features to a formulation. Nanocosmetics and nanocosmeceuticals have been extensively explored for skin, hair, nails, lips, and teeth, and the inclusion of nanomaterials has been found to improve product efficacy and consumer satisfaction. This is leading to the replacement of many traditional cosmeceuticals with nanocosmeceuticals. However, nanotoxicological studies on nanocosmeceuticals have raised concerns in terms of health hazards due to their potential skin penetration, resulting in toxic effects. This review summarizes various nanotechnology-based approaches being utilized in the delivery of cosmetics as well as cosmeceutical products, along with relevant patents. It outlines their benefits, as well as potential health and environmental risks. Further, it highlights the regulatory status of cosmeceuticals and analyzes the different regulatory guidelines in India, Europe, and the USA and discusses the different guidelines and recommendations issued by various regulatory authorities. Finally, this article seeks to provide an overview of nanocosmetics and nanocosmeceuticals and their applications in cosmetic industries, which may help consumers and regulators to gain awareness about the benefits as well as the toxicity related to the continuous and long-term uses of these products, thus encouraging their judicious use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Gupta
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, Delhi, India; (V.G.); (S.M.); (U.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Sradhanjali Mohapatra
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, Delhi, India; (V.G.); (S.M.); (U.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Harshita Mishra
- Smart Society Research Team, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Uzma Farooq
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, Delhi, India; (V.G.); (S.M.); (U.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Keshav Kumar
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, Delhi, India; (V.G.); (S.M.); (U.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16278, Saudi Arabia or (M.J.A.); (M.F.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Mohammed F. Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16278, Saudi Arabia or (M.J.A.); (M.F.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Ahmed S. Alalaiwe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16278, Saudi Arabia or (M.J.A.); (M.F.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Mohd Aamir Mirza
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, Delhi, India; (V.G.); (S.M.); (U.F.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (Z.I.); Tel.: +98-11733016 (Z.I.)
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, Delhi, India; (V.G.); (S.M.); (U.F.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (Z.I.); Tel.: +98-11733016 (Z.I.)
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