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Narayanasamy A, Patel SKS, Singh N, Rohit MV, Lee JK. Valorization of Algal Biomass to Produce Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Recent Updates, Challenges, and Perspectives. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2227. [PMID: 39125253 PMCID: PMC11314723 DOI: 10.3390/polym16152227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Biopolymers are highly desirable alternatives to petrochemical-based plastics owing to their biodegradable nature. The production of bioplastics, such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), has been widely reported using various bacterial cultures with substrates ranging from pure to biowaste-derived sugars. However, large-scale production and economic feasibility are major limiting factors. Now, using algal biomass for PHA production offers a potential solution to these challenges with a significant environmental benefit. Algae, with their unique ability to utilize carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas (GHG) and wastewater as feed for growth, can produce value-added products in the process and, thereby, play a crucial role in promoting environmental sustainability. The sugar recovery efficiency from algal biomass is highly variable depending on pretreatment procedures due to inherent compositional variability among their cell walls. Additionally, the yields, composition, and properties of synthesized PHA vary significantly among various microbial PHA producers from algal-derived sugars. Therefore, the microalgal biomass pretreatments and synthesis of PHA copolymers still require considerable investigation to develop an efficient commercial-scale process. This review provides an overview of the microbial potential for PHA production from algal biomass and discusses strategies to enhance PHA production and its properties, focusing on managing GHGs and promoting a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Narayanasamy
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand 388120, Gujarat, India; (A.N.); (N.S.); (M.V.R.)
| | - Sanjay K. S. Patel
- Department of Biotechnology, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar 246174, Uttarakhand, India;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Neha Singh
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand 388120, Gujarat, India; (A.N.); (N.S.); (M.V.R.)
| | - M. V. Rohit
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand 388120, Gujarat, India; (A.N.); (N.S.); (M.V.R.)
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Deantas-Jahn C, Mendoza SN, Licona-Cassani C, Orellana C, Saa PA. Metabolic modeling of Halomonas campaniensis improves polyhydroxybutyrate production under nitrogen limitation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:310. [PMID: 38662130 PMCID: PMC11045607 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is an environmentally friendly alternative for conventional fossil fuel-based plastics that is produced by various microorganisms. Large-scale PHB production is challenging due to the comparatively higher biomanufacturing costs. A PHB overproducer is the haloalkaliphilic bacterium Halomonas campaniensis, which has low nutritional requirements and can grow in cultures with high salt concentrations, rendering it resistant to contamination. Despite its virtues, the metabolic capabilities of H. campaniensis as well as the limitations hindering higher PHB production remain poorly studied. To address this limitation, we present HaloGEM, the first high-quality genome-scale metabolic network reconstruction, which encompasses 888 genes, 1528 reactions (1257 gene-associated), and 1274 metabolites. HaloGEM not only displays excellent agreement with previous growth data and experiments from this study, but it also revealed nitrogen as a limiting nutrient when growing aerobically under high salt concentrations using glucose as carbon source. Among different nitrogen source mixtures for optimal growth, HaloGEM predicted glutamate and arginine as a promising mixture producing increases of 54.2% and 153.4% in the biomass yield and PHB titer, respectively. Furthermore, the model was used to predict genetic interventions for increasing PHB yield, which were consistent with the rationale of previously reported strategies. Overall, the presented reconstruction advances our understanding of the metabolic capabilities of H. campaniensis for rationally engineering this next-generation industrial biotechnology platform. KEY POINTS: A comprehensive genome-scale metabolic reconstruction of H. campaniensis was developed. Experiments and simulations predict N limitation in minimal media under aerobiosis. In silico media design increased experimental biomass yield and PHB titer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Deantas-Jahn
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián N Mendoza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Systems Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cuauhtemoc Licona-Cassani
- Núcleo de Innovación de Sistemas Biológicos (NISB), FEMSA Biotechnology Center, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Camila Orellana
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro A Saa
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Instituto de Ingeniería Matemática y Computacional, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Senila L, Gál E, Kovacs E, Cadar O, Dan M, Senila M, Roman C. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Production from Lignocellulosic Wastes Using Bacillus megaterium ATCC 14581. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4488. [PMID: 38231921 PMCID: PMC10708134 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) from lignocellulosic biomass through a series of steps, including microwave irradiation, ammonia delignification, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation, using the Bacillus megaterium ATCC 14581 strain. The lignocellulosic biomass was first pretreated using microwave irradiation at different temperatures (180, 200, and 220 °C) for 10, 20, and 30 min. The optimal pretreatment conditions were determined using the central composite design (CCD) and the response surface methodology (RSM). In the second step, the pretreated biomass was subjected to ammonia delignification, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. The yield obtained for the pretreated and enzymatically hydrolyzed biomass was lower (70.2%) compared to the pretreated, delignified, and enzymatically hydrolyzed biomass (91.4%). These hydrolysates were used as carbon substrates for the synthesis of PHB using Bacillus megaterium ATCC 14581 in batch cultures. Various analytical methods were employed, namely nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR and13C-NMR), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (EI-MS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), to identify and characterize the extracted PHB. The XRD analysis confirmed the partially crystalline nature of PHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacrimioara Senila
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development of Optoelectronics Bucharest INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.K.); (O.C.); (M.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Emese Gál
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Eniko Kovacs
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development of Optoelectronics Bucharest INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.K.); (O.C.); (M.S.); (C.R.)
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Cadar
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development of Optoelectronics Bucharest INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.K.); (O.C.); (M.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Monica Dan
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67–103 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Marin Senila
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development of Optoelectronics Bucharest INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.K.); (O.C.); (M.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Cecilia Roman
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development of Optoelectronics Bucharest INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.K.); (O.C.); (M.S.); (C.R.)
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Leandro T, Teles M, Gomes-Dias JS, Marques M, Rocha CMR, da Fonseca MMR, Cesário MT. Ulva rigida Valorization into Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), Organic Acids and Functional Ingredients. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:537. [PMID: 37888472 PMCID: PMC10608297 DOI: 10.3390/md21100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Halomonas elongata 1H9T is a moderate halophilic strain able to produce poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB)), a biodegradable plastic, and gluconic acid, a valuable organic acid with wide industrial applications. In this work, the green alga Ulva rigida was used as platform to produce cultivation substrates for microbial conversion as well as functional ingredients, targeting its full valorization. The liquor obtained by autohydrolysis presented the highest concentration of oligosaccharides and protein, being an interesting feedstock to produce functional ingredients. The acid and/or enzymatic hydrolysis liquors are adequate as substrates for microbial processes. Shake flask assays with H. elongata revealed that the N-rich liquor produced after acidic treatment was the best suited for cell growth while the N-poor liquor produced by the enzymatic treatment of acid-pretreated algae residues produced the highest P(3HB) titers of 4.4 g/L. These hydrolysates were used in fed-batch cultivations as carbon and protein sources for the co-production of gluconic acid and polymer achieving titers of 123.2 g/L and 7.2 g/L, respectively. Besides gluconic acid, the Krebs cycle intermediate 2-oxoglutaric acid, also called alpha-ketoglutaric acid (KGA), was produced. Therefore, the co-production of P(3HB) and acids may be of considerable interest as an algal biorefinery valorization strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Leandro
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.L.); (M.T.); (M.M.); (M.M.R.d.F.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marco Teles
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.L.); (M.T.); (M.M.); (M.M.R.d.F.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana S. Gomes-Dias
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.S.G.-D.); (C.M.R.R.)
| | - Mafalda Marques
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.L.); (M.T.); (M.M.); (M.M.R.d.F.)
| | - Cristina M. R. Rocha
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.S.G.-D.); (C.M.R.R.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - M. Manuela R. da Fonseca
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.L.); (M.T.); (M.M.); (M.M.R.d.F.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M. Teresa Cesário
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.L.); (M.T.); (M.M.); (M.M.R.d.F.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
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Leandro T, Oliveira MC, da Fonseca MMR, Cesário MT. Co-Production of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Gluconic Acid from Glucose by Halomonas elongata. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:643. [PMID: 37370574 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10060643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biopolyesters regarded as an attractive alternative to petroleum-derived plastics. Nitrogen limitation and phosphate limitation in glucose cultivations were evaluated for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB)) production by Halomonas elongata 1H9T, a moderate halophilic strain. Co-production of P(3HB) and gluconic acid was observed in fed-batch glucose cultivations under nitrogen limiting conditions. A maximum P(3HB) accumulation of 53.0% (w/w) and a maximum co-production of 133 g/L of gluconic acid were attained. Fed-batch glucose cultivation under phosphate limiting conditions resulted in a P(3HB) accumulation of only 33.3% (w/w) and no gluconic acid production. As gluconic acid is a valuable organic acid with extensive applications in several industries, this work presents an interesting approach for the future development of an industrial process aiming at the co-production of an intracellular biopolymer, P(3HB), and a value-added extracellular product, gluconic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Leandro
- IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Conceição Oliveira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Manuela R da Fonseca
- IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Teresa Cesário
- IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
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