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1
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Xin M, Li Q, Wang D, Wang Z. Organoids for Cancer Research: Advances and Challenges. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400056. [PMID: 38977414 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
As 3D culture technology advances, new avenues have opened for the development of physiological human cancer models. These preclinical models provide efficient ways to translate basic cancer research into clinical tumor therapies. Recently, cancer organoids have emerged as a model to dissect the more complex tumor microenvironment. Incorporating cancer organoids into preclinical programs have the potential to increase the success rate of oncology drug development and recapitulate the most efficacious treatment regimens for cancer patients. In this review, four main types of cancer organoids are introduced, their applications, advantages, limitations, and prospects are discussed, as well as the recent application of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) in exploring cancer organoids to advance this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomaio Xin
- Assisted Reproductive Center, Women's & Children's Hospital of Northwest, Xi'an, Shanxi Province, 710000, China
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Vodnany, 38925, Czech Republic
| | - Qian Li
- Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, China
| | - Dongyang Wang
- Assisted Reproductive Center, Women's & Children's Hospital of Northwest, Xi'an, Shanxi Province, 710000, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan Province, 404100, China
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2
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Glaviano A, Foo ASC, Lam HY, Yap KCH, Jacot W, Jones RH, Eng H, Nair MG, Makvandi P, Geoerger B, Kulke MH, Baird RD, Prabhu JS, Carbone D, Pecoraro C, Teh DBL, Sethi G, Cavalieri V, Lin KH, Javidi-Sharifi NR, Toska E, Davids MS, Brown JR, Diana P, Stebbing J, Fruman DA, Kumar AP. PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling transduction pathway and targeted therapies in cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:138. [PMID: 37596643 PMCID: PMC10436543 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 143.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR (PAM) signaling pathway is a highly conserved signal transduction network in eukaryotic cells that promotes cell survival, cell growth, and cell cycle progression. Growth factor signalling to transcription factors in the PAM axis is highly regulated by multiple cross-interactions with several other signaling pathways, and dysregulation of signal transduction can predispose to cancer development. The PAM axis is the most frequently activated signaling pathway in human cancer and is often implicated in resistance to anticancer therapies. Dysfunction of components of this pathway such as hyperactivity of PI3K, loss of function of PTEN, and gain-of-function of AKT, are notorious drivers of treatment resistance and disease progression in cancer. In this review we highlight the major dysregulations in the PAM signaling pathway in cancer, and discuss the results of PI3K, AKT and mTOR inhibitors as monotherapy and in co-administation with other antineoplastic agents in clinical trials as a strategy for overcoming treatment resistance. Finally, the major mechanisms of resistance to PAM signaling targeted therapies, including PAM signaling in immunology and immunotherapies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Glaviano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Aaron S C Foo
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hiu Y Lam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Kenneth C H Yap
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - William Jacot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Robert H Jones
- Cardiff University and Velindre Cancer Centre, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Huiyan Eng
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Madhumathy G Nair
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, 560034, India
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Inserm U1015, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Matthew H Kulke
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard D Baird
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jyothi S Prabhu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, 560034, India
| | - Daniela Carbone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Camilla Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniel B L Teh
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, and Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Vincenzo Cavalieri
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Kevin H Lin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Eneda Toska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew S Davids
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer R Brown
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Justin Stebbing
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - David A Fruman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, 216 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alan P Kumar
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
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3
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An Alternate Approach to Generate Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells with Precise CRISPR/Cas9 Tool. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:4537335. [PMID: 36187228 PMCID: PMC9522500 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4537335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are considered powerful tools in pharmacology, biomedicine, toxicology, and cell therapy. Multiple approaches have been used to generate iPSCs with the expression of reprogramming factors. Here, we generated iPSCs by integrating the reprogramming cassette into a genomic safe harbor, CASH-1, with the use of a precise genome editing tool, CRISPR/Cas9. The integration of cassette at CASH-1 into target cells did not alter the pattern of proliferation and interleukin-6 secretion as a response to ligands of multiple signaling pathways involving tumor necrosis factor-α receptor, interleukin-1 receptor, and toll-like receptors. Moreover, doxycycline-inducible expression of OCT4, SOX2, and KLF4 reprogrammed engineered human dermal fibroblasts and human embryonic kidney cell line into iPSCs. The generated iPSCs showed their potential to make embryoid bodies and differentiate into the derivatives of all three germ layers. Collectively, our data emphasize the exploitation of CASH-1 by CRISPR/Cas9 tool for therapeutic and biotechnological applications including but not limited to reprogramming of engineered cells into iPSCs.
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Becklin KL, Draper GM, Madden RA, Kluesner MG, Koga T, Huang M, Weiss WA, Spector LG, Largaespada DA, Moriarity BS, Webber BR. Developing Bottom-Up Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Solid Tumor Models Using Precision Genome Editing Technologies. CRISPR J 2022; 5:517-535. [PMID: 35972367 PMCID: PMC9529369 DOI: 10.1089/crispr.2022.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in genome and tissue engineering have spurred significant progress and opportunity for innovation in cancer modeling. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are an established and powerful tool to study cellular processes in the context of disease-specific genetic backgrounds; however, their application to cancer has been limited by the resistance of many transformed cells to undergo successful reprogramming. Here, we review the status of human iPSC modeling of solid tumors in the context of genetic engineering, including how base and prime editing can be incorporated into "bottom-up" cancer modeling, a term we coined for iPSC-based cancer models using genetic engineering to induce transformation. This approach circumvents the need to reprogram cancer cells while allowing for dissection of the genetic mechanisms underlying transformation, progression, and metastasis with a high degree of precision and control. We also discuss the strengths and limitations of respective engineering approaches and outline experimental considerations for establishing future models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsie L. Becklin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Garrett M. Draper
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Madden
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mitchell G. Kluesner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tomoyuki Koga
- Ludwig Cancer Research San Diego Branch, La Jolla, California, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Miller Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and The Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - William A. Weiss
- Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; and Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Logan G. Spector
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David A. Largaespada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Branden S. Moriarity
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Beau R. Webber
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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5
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Modeling cancer progression using human pluripotent stem cell-derived cells and organoids. Stem Cell Res 2020; 49:102063. [PMID: 33137568 PMCID: PMC7849931 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.102063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional cancer cell lines and animal models have been mainstays of cancer research. More recently, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and hPSC-derived organoid technologies, together with genome engineering approaches, have provided a complementary platform to model cancer progression. Here, we review the application of these technologies in cancer modeling with respect to the cell-of-origin, cancer propagation, and metastasis. We further discuss the benefits and challenges accompanying the use of hPSC models for cancer research and discuss their broad applicability in drug discovery, biomarker identification, decoding molecular mechanisms, and the deconstruction of clonal and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. In summary, hPSC-derived organoids provide powerful models to recapitulate the pathogenic states in cancer and to perform drug discovery.
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6
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Amin HM, Morani AC, Daw NC, Lamhamedi-Cherradi SE, Subbiah V, Menegaz BA, Vishwamitra D, Eskandari G, George B, Benjamin RS, Patel S, Song J, Lazar AJ, Wang WL, Kurzrock R, Pappo A, Anderson PM, Schwartz GK, Araujo D, Cuglievan B, Ratan R, McCall D, Mohiuddin S, Livingston JA, Molina ER, Naing A, Ludwig JA. IGF-1R/mTOR Targeted Therapy for Ewing Sarcoma: A Meta-Analysis of Five IGF-1R-Related Trials Matched to Proteomic and Radiologic Predictive Biomarkers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071768. [PMID: 32630797 PMCID: PMC7408058 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background : Ten to fourteen percent of Ewing sarcoma (ES) study participants treated nationwide with IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R)-targeted antibodies achieved tumor regression. Despite this success, low response rates and short response durations (approximately 7-weeks) have slowed the development of this therapy. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of five phase-1b/2 ES-oriented trials that evaluated the anticancer activity of IGF-1R antibodies +/− mTOR inhibitors (mTORi). Our meta-analysis provided a head-to-head comparison of the clinical benefits of IGF-1R antibodies vs. the IGF-1R/mTOR-targeted combination. Available pretreatment clinical samples were semi-quantitatively scored using immunohistochemistry to detect proteins in the IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway linked to clinical response. Early PET/CT imaging, obtained within the first 2 weeks (median 10 days), were examined to determine if reduced FDG avidity was predictive of progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Among 56 ES patients treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) with IGF-1R antibodies, our analysis revealed a significant ~two-fold improvement in PFS that favored a combination of IGF-1R/mTORi therapy (1.6 vs. 3.3-months, p = 0.042). Low pIGF-1R in the pretreatment specimens was associated with treatment response. Reduced total-lesion glycolysis more accurately predicted the IGF-1R response than other previously reported radiological biomarkers. Conclusion: Synergistic drug combinations, and newly identified proteomic or radiological biomarkers of IGF-1R response, may be incorporated into future IGF-1R-related trials to improve the response rate in ES patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham M. Amin
- Department of Hematopathology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (H.M.A.); (D.V.); (G.E.); (B.G.)
| | - Ajaykumar C. Morani
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Najat C. Daw
- Department of Pediatrics, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (N.C.D.); (B.C.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Salah-Eddine Lamhamedi-Cherradi
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.-E.L.-C.); (R.S.B.); (S.P.); (D.A.); (R.R.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, 7Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Brian A. Menegaz
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Breast Surgical Oncology, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (B.A.M.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Deeksha Vishwamitra
- Department of Hematopathology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (H.M.A.); (D.V.); (G.E.); (B.G.)
| | - Ghazaleh Eskandari
- Department of Hematopathology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (H.M.A.); (D.V.); (G.E.); (B.G.)
| | - Bhawana George
- Department of Hematopathology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (H.M.A.); (D.V.); (G.E.); (B.G.)
| | - Robert S. Benjamin
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.-E.L.-C.); (R.S.B.); (S.P.); (D.A.); (R.R.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Shreyaskumar Patel
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.-E.L.-C.); (R.S.B.); (S.P.); (D.A.); (R.R.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Juhee Song
- Department of Biostatistics, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Alexander J. Lazar
- Department of Pathology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.J.L.); (W.-L.W.)
| | - Wei-Lien Wang
- Department of Pathology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.J.L.); (W.-L.W.)
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of California San Diego (UCSD) Moores Cancer Center, San Diego, CA 92037, USA;
| | - Alberto Pappo
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude’s Cancer Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA;
| | | | - Gary K. Schwartz
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Dejka Araujo
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.-E.L.-C.); (R.S.B.); (S.P.); (D.A.); (R.R.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Branko Cuglievan
- Department of Pediatrics, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (N.C.D.); (B.C.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Ravin Ratan
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.-E.L.-C.); (R.S.B.); (S.P.); (D.A.); (R.R.); (J.A.L.)
| | - David McCall
- Department of Pediatrics, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (N.C.D.); (B.C.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Sana Mohiuddin
- Department of Pediatrics, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (N.C.D.); (B.C.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - John A. Livingston
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.-E.L.-C.); (R.S.B.); (S.P.); (D.A.); (R.R.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Eric R. Molina
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Breast Surgical Oncology, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (B.A.M.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Aung Naing
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, 7Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Joseph A. Ludwig
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.-E.L.-C.); (R.S.B.); (S.P.); (D.A.); (R.R.); (J.A.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(713)-792-3626
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7
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Jiang N, Dai Q, Su X, Fu J, Feng X, Peng J. Role of PI3K/AKT pathway in cancer: the framework of malignant behavior. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4587-4629. [PMID: 32333246 PMCID: PMC7295848 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05435-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Given that the PI3K/AKT pathway has manifested its compelling influence on multiple cellular process, we further review the roles of hyperactivation of PI3K/AKT pathway in various human cancers. We state the abnormalities of PI3K/AKT pathway in different cancers, which are closely related with tumorigenesis, proliferation, growth, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stem-like phenotype, immune microenvironment and drug resistance of cancer cells. In addition, we investigated the current clinical trials of inhibitors against PI3K/AKT pathway in cancers and found that the clinical efficacy of these inhibitors as monotherapy has so far been limited despite of the promising preclinical activity, which means combinations of targeted therapy may achieve better efficacies in cancers. In short, we hope to feature PI3K/AKT pathway in cancers to the clinic and bring the new promising to patients for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningni Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Qijie Dai
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Xiaorui Su
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Jianjiang Fu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Xuancheng Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Juan Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
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8
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Oyama R, Kito F, Qiao Z, Sakumoto M, Noguchi R, Takahashi M, Toki S, Tanzawa Y, Yoshida A, Kawai A, Kondo T. Establishment of a novel patient-derived Ewing's sarcoma cell line, NCC-ES1-C1. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:770-778. [PMID: 30324244 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-0302-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ewing's sarcoma is an aggressive mesenchymal tumor characterized by the presence of a unique EWSR1-FLI1 translocation. Ewing's sarcoma primarily occurs in the bone and soft tissues. Cell lines enable researchers to investigate the molecular backgrounds of disease and the significance of genetic alterations in relevant cellular contexts. Here, we report the establishment and characterization of a novel Ewing's sarcoma cell line following primary Ewing's sarcoma tumor tissue culture. The established cell line was authenticated by DNA microsatellite short tandem repeat analysis, characterized by in vitro assays, and named NCC-ES1-C1. The NCC-ES1-C1 cell line grew well for 15 mo and was subcultured more than 50 times during this period. Characterization of the cells revealed that they were not adherent and showed floating features. In conclusion, we successfully established a novel Ewing's sarcoma cell line, NCC-ES1-C1, from primary tumor tissue. The cell line has the characteristic EWSR1-FLI1 gene fusion and exhibits aggressive growth in vitro. Thus, the NCC-ES1-C1 cell line will be a useful tool for investigating the mechanisms of disease and the biological role of the EWSR1-FLI1 fusion gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Oyama
- Department of Innovative Seeds Evaluation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Fusako Kito
- Department of Innovative Seeds Evaluation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Zhiwei Qiao
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Marimu Sakumoto
- Department of Innovative Seeds Evaluation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Rei Noguchi
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Mami Takahashi
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Shunichi Toki
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Tanzawa
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Akira Kawai
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kondo
- Department of Innovative Seeds Evaluation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan. .,Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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9
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Kim H, Schaniel C. Modeling Hematological Diseases and Cancer With Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2243. [PMID: 30323816 PMCID: PMC6172418 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) together with recent advances in genome editing, microphysiological systems, tissue engineering and xenograft models present new opportunities for the investigation of hematological diseases and cancer in a patient-specific context. Here we review the progress in the field and discuss the advantages, limitations, and challenges of iPSC-based malignancy modeling. We will also discuss the use of iPSCs and its derivatives as cellular sources for drug target identification, drug development and evaluation of pharmacological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huensuk Kim
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christoph Schaniel
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Mount Sinai Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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10
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Liu M, Tu J, Gingold JA, Kong CSL, Lee DF. Cancer in a dish: progress using stem cells as a platform for cancer research. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:944-954. [PMID: 30034933 PMCID: PMC6048395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer models derived from patient specimens poorly reflect early-stage cancer development because cancer cells acquire numerous additional molecular alterations before the disease is clinically detectable. Earlier studies have used differentiated cells derived from induced pluripotent cancer cells (iPCCs) to partially mirror cancer disease phenotype, but the highly heterogeneous nature of cancer cells as well as difficulties with reprogramming cancer cells has limited the application of this technique. An alternative approach to modeling cancer in a dish entails reprogramming adult differentiated cells from patients with cancer syndromes to pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), followed by directed differentiation of those PSCs. A directed reprogramming and differentiation strategy has the potential to recapitulate cancer progression and capture the earliest molecular alterations that underlie cancer initiation. The reprogrammed cells share patient-specific genetic and epigenetic traits, offering a new platform to develop personalized therapy for cancer patients. In this review, we will provide an overview of available reprogramming methods of cancer cells and describe how cancer-derived stem cells have been used to characterize effects of defined molecular alterations in specific cell types. We also describe the "disease in a dish" model developed to study genetic cancer syndromes. These approaches highlight recent contributions of stem cell technology to the cancer biology realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Liu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jian Tu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Julian A Gingold
- Women’s Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Celine Shuet Lin Kong
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dung-Fang Lee
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesHouston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for The Prevention of Human Diseases, The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics and School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX 77030, USA
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11
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Czerwińska P, Mazurek S, Wiznerowicz M. Application of induced pluripotency in cancer studies. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2018; 23:207-214. [PMID: 29760595 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As soon as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) reprogramming of somatic cells were developed, the discovery attracted the attention of scientists, offering new perspectives for personalized medicine and providing a powerful platform for drug testing. The technology was almost immediately applied to cancer studies. As presented in this review, direct reprogramming of cancer cells with enforced expression of pluripotency factors have several basic purposes, all of which aim to explain the complex nature of cancer development and progression, therapy-resistance and relapse, and ultimately lead to the development of novel anti-cancer therapies. Here, we briefly present recent advances in reprogramming methodologies as well as commonalities between cell reprogramming and carcinogenesis and discuss recent outcomes from the implementation of induced pluripotency into cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Czerwińska
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Sylwia Mazurek
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Wiznerowicz
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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12
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Modeling cancer using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells to understand development of childhood malignancies. Cell Death Discov 2018. [PMID: 29531804 PMCID: PMC5841293 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-017-0009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro modeling of complex diseases is now a possibility with the use of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Their stem cell properties, including self-renewal and their potential to virtually differentiate into any cell type, emphasize their importance as a translational tool for modeling disorders that so far have been limited by the unavailability of primary cell lines, animal models, or inaccessible human materials. Around 100 genes with germline mutations have been described to be responsible for cancer predisposition. Familial cancers are usually diagnosed earlier in life since these patients already carry the first transforming hit. Deriving iPS cells from patients suffering from familial cancers provides a valuable tool for understanding the mechanisms underlying pediatric cancer onset and progression since they require less mutation recurrence than adult cancers to develop. At the same time, some familial mutations are found in sporadic cases and are a valuable prognostic tool. Patient-derived iPS cells from germline malignancies can also create new tools in developing specific drugs with more personalized-therapy strategies.
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13
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S Franco S, Szczesna K, Iliou MS, Al-Qahtani M, Mobasheri A, Kobolák J, Dinnyés A. In vitro models of cancer stem cells and clinical applications. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:738. [PMID: 27766946 PMCID: PMC5073996 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells, stem cells and cancer stem cells have for a long time played a significant role in the biomedical sciences. Though cancer therapy is more effective than it was a few years ago, the truth is that still none of the current non-surgical treatments can cure cancer effectively. The reason could be due to the subpopulation called “cancer stem cells” (CSCs), being defined as those cells within a tumour that have properties of stem cells: self-renewal and the ability for differentiation into multiple cell types that occur in tumours. The phenomenon of CSCs is based on their resistance to many of the current cancer therapies, which results in tumour relapse. Although further investigation regarding CSCs is still needed, there is already evidence that these cells may play an important role in the prognosis of cancer, progression and therapeutic strategy. Therefore, long-term patient survival may depend on the elimination of CSCs. Consequently, isolation of pure CSC populations or reprogramming of cancer cells into CSCs, from cancer cell lines or primary tumours, would be a useful tool to gain an in-depth knowledge about heterogeneity and plasticity of CSC phenotypes and therefore carcinogenesis. Herein, we will discuss current CSC models, methods used to characterize CSCs, candidate markers, characteristic signalling pathways and clinical applications of CSCs. Some examples of CSC-specific treatments that are currently in early clinical phases will also be presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S Franco
- Szent István University, Gödöllö, Hungary.,Biotalentum Ltd., Gödöllö, Hungary
| | | | - Maria S Iliou
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mohammed Al-Qahtani
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | | | - András Dinnyés
- Szent István University, Gödöllö, Hungary. .,Biotalentum Ltd., Gödöllö, Hungary. .,Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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14
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Izgi K, Canatan H, Iskender B. Current status in cancer cell reprogramming and its clinical implications. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 143:371-383. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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15
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Lamhamedi-Cherradi SE, Menegaz BA, Ramamoorthy V, Vishwamitra D, Wang Y, Maywald RL, Buford AS, Fokt I, Skora S, Wang J, Naing A, Lazar AJ, Rohren EM, Daw NC, Subbiah V, Benjamin RS, Ratan R, Priebe W, Mikos AG, Amin HM, Ludwig JA. IGF-1R and mTOR Blockade: Novel Resistance Mechanisms and Synergistic Drug Combinations for Ewing Sarcoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2016; 108:djw182. [PMID: 27576731 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapies cotargeting insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF-1R) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) have demonstrated remarkable, albeit short-lived, clinical responses in a subset of Ewing sarcoma (ES) patients. However, the mechanisms of resistance and applicable strategies for overcoming drug resistance to the IGF-1R/mTOR blockade are still undefined. METHODS To elucidate predominant mechanism(s) of acquired drug resistance while identifying synergistic drug combinations that improve clinical efficacy, we generated more than 18 ES cell lines resistant to IGF-1R- or mTOR-targeted therapy. Two small-molecule inhibitors of IGF-1R were chosen, NVP-ADW-742 (IGF-1R-selective) and OSI-906 (a dual IGF-1R/insulin receptor alpha [IR-α] inhibitor). Reverse-phase protein lysate arrays (RPPAs) revealed proteomic changes linked to IGF-1R/mTOR resistance, and selected proteins were validated in cell-based assays, xenografts, and within human clinical samples. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Novel mechanisms of resistance (MOR) emerged after dalotuzumab-, NVP-ADW-742-, and OSI-906-based targeting of IGF-1R. MOR to dalotuzumab included upregulation of IRS1, PI3K, and STAT3, as well as p38 MAPK, which was also induced by OSI-906. pEIF4E(Ser209), a key regulator of Cap-dependent translation, was induced in ridaforolimus-resistant ES cell lines. Unique drug combinations targeting IGF-1R and PI3K-alpha or Mnk and mTOR were synergistic in vivo and vitro (P < .001) as assessed respectively by Mantel-Cox and isobologram testing. CONCLUSIONS We discovered new druggable targets expressed by chemoresistant ES cells, xenografts, and relapsed human tumors. Joint suppression of these newfound targets, in concert with IGF-1R or mTOR blockade, should improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah-Eddine Lamhamedi-Cherradi
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Brian A Menegaz
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Vandhana Ramamoorthy
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Deeksha Vishwamitra
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Ying Wang
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Rebecca L Maywald
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Adriana S Buford
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Izabela Fokt
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Stanislaw Skora
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Jing Wang
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Aung Naing
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Alexander J Lazar
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Eric M Rohren
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Najat C Daw
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Robert S Benjamin
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Ravin Ratan
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Waldemar Priebe
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Hesham M Amin
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Joseph A Ludwig
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
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16
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Reprogramming bladder cancer cells for studying cancer initiation and progression. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:13237-13245. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5226-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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17
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Kim SK, Park YK. Ewing sarcoma: a chronicle of molecular pathogenesis. Hum Pathol 2016; 55:91-100. [PMID: 27246176 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sarcomas have traditionally been classified according to their chromosomal alterations regardless of whether they accompany simple or complex genetic changes. Ewing sarcoma, a classic small round cell bone tumor, is a well-known mesenchymal malignancy that results from simple sarcoma-specific genetic alterations. The genetic alterations are translocations between genes of the TET/FET family (TLS/FUS, EWSR1, and TAF15) and genes of the E26 transformation-specific (ETS) family. In this review, we intend to summarize a chronicle of molecular findings of Ewing sarcoma including recent advances and explain resultant molecular pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Kyum Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Koo Park
- Department of Pathology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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18
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Lu B, Huang X, Mo J, Zhao W. Drug Delivery Using Nanoparticles for Cancer Stem-Like Cell Targeting. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:84. [PMID: 27148051 PMCID: PMC4828437 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The theory of cancer stem-like cell (or cancer stem cell, CSC) has been established to explain how tumor heterogeneity arises and contributes to tumor progression in diverse cancer types. CSCs are believed to drive tumor growth and elicit resistance to conventional therapeutics. Therefore, CSCs are becoming novel target in both medical researches and clinical studies. Emerging evidences showed that nanoparticles effectively inhibit many types of CSCs by targeting various specific markers (aldehyde dehydrogenases, CD44, CD90, and CD133) and signaling pathways (Notch, Hedgehog, and TGF-β), which are critically involved in CSC function and maintenance. In this review, we briefly summarize the current status of CSC research and review a number of state-of-the-art nanomedicine approaches targeting CSC. In addition, we discuss emerging therapeutic strategies using epigenetic drugs to eliminate CSCs and inhibit cancer cell reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Lu
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Huang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Mo
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
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19
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Kim JJ. Applications of iPSCs in Cancer Research. Biomark Insights 2015; 10:125-31. [PMID: 26279620 PMCID: PMC4521640 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s20065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from reprogrammed somatic cells are emerging as one of the most versatile tools in biomedical research and pharmacological studies. Oncogenic transformation and somatic cell reprogramming are multistep processes that share some common features, and iPSCs generated from cancerous cells can help us better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of human cancers and overcome them. Aside from the mechanistic modeling of human tumorigenesis, immediate applications of this technology in cancer research include high-throughput drug screening, toxicological testing, early biomarker identification, and bioengineering of replacement tissues. Here, we review the current advances in generating iPSCs from cancer cell lines and patient-derived primary cancer tissues, and discuss their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean J Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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