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Li Y, Baig N, Roncancio D, Elbein K, Lowe D, Kyba M, Arriaga EA. Multiparametric identification of putative senescent cells in skeletal muscle via mass cytometry. Cytometry A 2024. [PMID: 38995093 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Senescence is an irreversible arrest of the cell cycle that can be characterized by markers of senescence such as p16, p21, and KI-67. The characterization of different senescence-associated phenotypes requires selection of the most relevant senescence markers to define reliable cytometric methodologies. Mass cytometry (a.k.a. Cytometry by time of flight, CyTOF) can monitor up to 40 different cell markers at the single-cell level and has the potential to integrate multiple senescence and other phenotypic markers to identify senescent cells within a complex tissue such as skeletal muscle, with greater accuracy and scalability than traditional bulk measurements and flow cytometry-based measurements. This article introduces an analysis framework for detecting putative senescent cells based on clustering, outlier detection, and Boolean logic for outliers. Results show that the pipeline can identify putative senescent cells in skeletal muscle with well-established markers such as p21 and potential markers such as GAPDH. It was also found that heterogeneity of putative senescent cells in skeletal muscle can partly be explained by their cell type. Additionally, autophagy-related proteins ATG4A, LRRK2, and GLB1 were identified as important proteins in predicting the putative senescent population, providing insights into the association between autophagy and senescence. It was observed that sex did not affect the proportion of putative senescent cells among total cells. However, age did have an effect, with a higher proportion observed in fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), satellite cells, M1 and M2 macrophages from old mice. Moreover, putative senescent cells from muscle of old and young mice show different expression levels of senescence-related proteins, with putative senescent cells of old mice having higher levels of p21 and GAPDH, whereas putative senescent cells of young mice had higher levels of IL-6. Overall, the analysis framework prioritizes multiple senescence-associated proteins to characterize putative senescent cells sourced from tissue made of different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nameera Baig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniel Roncancio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kris Elbein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Dawn Lowe
- Division of Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michael Kyba
- Lillehei Heart Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Edgar A Arriaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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2
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Voronina MV, Frolova AS, Kolesova EP, Kuldyushev NA, Parodi A, Zamyatnin AA. The Intricate Balance between Life and Death: ROS, Cathepsins, and Their Interplay in Cell Death and Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4087. [PMID: 38612897 PMCID: PMC11012956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular survival hinges on a delicate balance between accumulating damages and repair mechanisms. In this intricate equilibrium, oxidants, currently considered physiological molecules, can compromise vital cellular components, ultimately triggering cell death. On the other hand, cells possess countermeasures, such as autophagy, which degrades and recycles damaged molecules and organelles, restoring homeostasis. Lysosomes and their enzymatic arsenal, including cathepsins, play critical roles in this balance, influencing the cell's fate toward either apoptosis and other mechanisms of regulated cell death or autophagy. However, the interplay between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cathepsins in these life-or-death pathways transcends a simple cause-and-effect relationship. These elements directly and indirectly influence each other's activities, creating a complex web of interactions. This review delves into the inner workings of regulated cell death and autophagy, highlighting the pivotal role of ROS and cathepsins in these pathways and their intricate interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya V. Voronina
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Anastasia S. Frolova
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina P. Kolesova
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Nikita A. Kuldyushev
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandro Parodi
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Outskouni Z, Christodoulou C, Goutas A, Kyriazis ID, Paraskevopoulou A, Laliotis GP, Matsakidou A, Gogas A, Trachana V. Cryptomphalus aspersa Egg Extract Protects against Human Stem Cell Stress-Induced Premature Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3715. [PMID: 38612526 PMCID: PMC11011511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a tightly regulated pathophysiologic process and is caused by replicative exhaustion or external stressors. Since naturally derived bioactive compounds with anti-ageing properties have recently captured scientific interest, we analysed the anti-ageing and antioxidant efficacy of Cryptomphalus aspersa egg extract (CAEE). Its effects on stemness, wound-healing properties, antioxidant defense mechanisms, and DNA damage repair ability of Human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) were analysed. Our results revealed that CAEE fortifies WJ-MSCs stemness, which possibly ameliorates their wound-healing ability. Additionally, we show that CAEE possesses a strong antioxidant capacity as demonstrated by the elevation of the levels of the basic antioxidant molecule, GSH, and the induction of the NRF2, a major antioxidant regulator. In addition, CAEE alleviated cells' oxidative stress and therefore prevented stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the prevention of SIPS could be mediated via the extract's ability to induce autophagy, as indicated by the elevation of the protein levels of all basic autophagic molecules and the increase in formation of autophagolysosomes in CAEE-treated WJ-MSCs. Moreover, CAEE-treated cells exhibited decreased Caveolin-1 levels. We propose that Cryptomphalus aspersa egg extract comprises bioactive compounds that can demonstrate strong antioxidant/anti-ageing effects by regulating the Caveolin-1-autophagy-senescence molecular axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zozo Outskouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (Z.O.); (C.C.); (A.G.); (I.D.K.)
| | - Christina Christodoulou
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (Z.O.); (C.C.); (A.G.); (I.D.K.)
| | - Andreas Goutas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (Z.O.); (C.C.); (A.G.); (I.D.K.)
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis D. Kyriazis
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (Z.O.); (C.C.); (A.G.); (I.D.K.)
| | - Adamantini Paraskevopoulou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry & Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.); (A.M.)
| | - George P. Laliotis
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Anthia Matsakidou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry & Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Varvara Trachana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (Z.O.); (C.C.); (A.G.); (I.D.K.)
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4
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Tenchov R, Sasso JM, Wang X, Zhou QA. Antiaging Strategies and Remedies: A Landscape of Research Progress and Promise. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:408-446. [PMID: 38214973 PMCID: PMC10853939 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is typified by a gradual loss of physiological fitness and accumulation of cellular damage, leading to deteriorated functions and enhanced vulnerability to diseases. Antiaging research has a long history throughout civilization, with many efforts put forth to understand and prevent the effects of aging. Multiple strategies aiming to promote healthy aging and extend the lifespan have been developed including lifestyle adjustments, medical treatments, and social programs. A multitude of antiaging medicines and remedies have also been explored. Here, we use data from the CAS Content Collection to analyze the publication landscape of recent research related to antiaging strategies and treatments. We review the recent advances and delineate trends in research headway of antiaging knowledge and practice across time, geography, and development pipelines. We further assess the state-of-the-art antiaging approaches and explore their correlations with age-related diseases. The landscape of antiaging drugs has been outlined and explored. Well-recognized and novel, currently evaluated antiaging agents have also been summarized. Finally, we review clinical applications of antiaging products with their development pipelines. The objective of this review is to summarize current knowledge on preventive strategies and treatment remedies in the field of aging, to outline challenges and evaluate growth opportunities, in order to further efforts to solve the problems that remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Tenchov
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Janet M. Sasso
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Xinmei Wang
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Qiongqiong Angela Zhou
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
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5
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Krasnova O, Kovaleva A, Saveleva A, Kulakova K, Bystrova O, Martynova M, Domnina A, Sopova J, Neganova I. Mesenchymal stem cells lose the senescent phenotype under 3D cultivation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:373. [PMID: 38111010 PMCID: PMC10729581 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03599-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is widely used in various fields of cell biology. In comparison to conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture, 3D cell culture facilitates a more accurate replication of the in vivo microenvironment, which is essential for obtaining more relevant results. The application of 3D cell culture techniques in regenerative medicine, particularly in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based research, has been extensively studied. Many of these studies focus on the enhanced paracrine activity of MSCs cultured in 3D environments. However, few focus on the cellular processes that occur during 3D cultivation. METHODS In this work, we studied the changes occurring within 3D-cultured MSCs (3D-MSCs). Specifically, we examined the expression of numerous senescent-associated markers, the actin cytoskeleton structure, the architecture of the Golgi apparatus and the localization of mTOR, one of the main positive regulators of replicative senescence. In addition, we assessed whether the selective elimination of senescent cells occurs upon 3D culturing by using cell sorting based on autofluorescence. RESULTS Our findings indicate that 3D-MSCs were able to lose replicative senescence markers under 3D cell culture conditions. We observed changes in actin cytoskeleton structure, Golgi apparatus architecture and revealed that 3D cultivation leads to the nuclear localization of mTOR, resulting in a decrease in its active cytoplasmic form. Additionally, our findings provide evidence that 3D cell culture promotes the phenotypic reversion of senescent cell phenotype rather than their removal from the bulk population. CONCLUSION These novel insights into the biology of 3D-MSCs can be applied to research in regenerative medicine to overcome replicative senescence and MSC heterogeneity as they often pose significant concerns regarding safety and effectiveness for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Krasnova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
| | - A Kovaleva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Saveleva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - K Kulakova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - O Bystrova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - M Martynova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Domnina
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - J Sopova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - I Neganova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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6
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Gao H, Nepovimova E, Heger Z, Valko M, Wu Q, Kuca K, Adam V. Role of hypoxia in cellular senescence. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106841. [PMID: 37385572 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Senescent cells persist and continuously secrete proinflammatory and tissue-remodeling molecules that poison surrounding cells, leading to various age-related diseases, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. The underlying mechanism of cellular senescence has not yet been fully explored. Emerging evidence indicates that hypoxia is involved in the regulation of cellular senescence. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)- 1α accumulates under hypoxic conditions and regulates cellular senescence by modulating the levels of the senescence markers p16, p53, lamin B1, and cyclin D1. Hypoxia is a critical condition for maintaining tumor immune evasion, which is promoted by driving the expression of genetic factors (such as p53 and CD47) while triggering immunosenescence. Under hypoxic conditions, autophagy is activated by targeting BCL-2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa interacting protein 3, which subsequently induces p21WAF1/CIP1 as well as p16Ink4a and increases β-galactosidase (β-gal) activity, thereby inducing cellular senescence. Deletion of the p21 gene increases the activity of the hypoxia response regulator poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and the level of nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) proteins, repairs DNA double-strand breaks, and alleviates cellular senescence. Moreover, cellular senescence is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and an accumulation of D-galactose derived from the gut microbiota. Chronic hypoxia leads to a striking reduction in the amount of Lactobacillus and D-galactose-degrading enzymes in the gut, producing excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inducing senescence in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cellular senescence. miR-424-5p levels are decreased under hypoxia, whereas lncRNA-MALAT1 levels are increased, both of which induce cellular senescence. The present review focuses on recent advances in understanding the role of hypoxia in cellular senescence. The effects of HIFs, immune evasion, PARP-1, gut microbiota, and exosomal mRNA in hypoxia-mediated cell senescence are specifically discussed. This review increases our understanding of the mechanism of hypoxia-mediated cellular senescence and provides new clues for anti-aging processes and the treatment of aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Gao
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno 613 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Valko
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava 812 37, Slovakia
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic; Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno 613 00, Czech Republic.
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7
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Lee SS, Vũ TT, Weiss AS, Yeo GC. Stress-induced senescence in mesenchymal stem cells: Triggers, hallmarks, and current rejuvenation approaches. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151331. [PMID: 37311287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as promising cell-based therapies in the treatment of degenerative and inflammatory conditions. However, despite accumulating evidence of the breadth of MSC functional potency, their broad clinical translation is hampered by inconsistencies in therapeutic efficacy, which is at least partly due to the phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of MSC populations as they progress towards senescence in vitro. MSC senescence, a natural response to aging and stress, gives rise to altered cellular responses and functional decline. This review describes the key regenerative properties of MSCs; summarises the main triggers, mechanisms, and consequences of MSC senescence; and discusses current cellular and extracellular strategies to delay the onset or progression of senescence, or to rejuvenate biological functions lost to senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Shinchen Lee
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Thu Thuy Vũ
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Anthony S Weiss
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Giselle C Yeo
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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8
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Wang S, Wang J, Wang S, Tao R, Yi J, Chen M, Zhao Z. mTOR Signaling Pathway in Bone Diseases Associated with Hyperglycemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119198. [PMID: 37298150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The interplay between bone and glucose metabolism has highlighted hyperglycemia as a potential risk factor for bone diseases. With the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus worldwide and its subsequent socioeconomic burden, there is a pressing need to develop a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in hyperglycemia-mediated bone metabolism. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that senses extracellular and intracellular signals to regulate numerous biological processes, including cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. As mounting evidence suggests the involvement of mTOR in diabetic bone disease, we provide a comprehensive review of its effects on bone diseases associated with hyperglycemia. This review summarizes key findings from basic and clinical studies regarding mTOR's roles in regulating bone formation, bone resorption, inflammatory responses, and bone vascularity in hyperglycemia. It also provides valuable insights into future research directions aimed at developing mTOR-targeted therapies for combating diabetic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangcheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiale Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shuangwen Wang
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ran Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jianru Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Miao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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9
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Goutas A, Outskouni Z, Papathanasiou I, Georgakopoulou A, Karpetas GE, Gonos ES, Trachana V. The establishment of mitotic errors-driven senescence depends on autophagy. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102701. [PMID: 37094517 PMCID: PMC10149375 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We and others have reported that senescence onset is accompanied by genomic instability that is evident by several defects, such as aneuploidy or erroneous mitosis features. Here, we report that these defects also appear in young cells upon oxidative insult. We provide evidence that these errors could be the consequence of oxidative stress (OS)- either exogenous or senescence-associated - overriding the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Young cells treated with Η2Ο2 as well as older cells fail to maintain mitotic arrest in the presence of spindle poisons and a significant higher percentage of them have supernumerary centrosomes and centrosome related anomalous characteristics. We also report that aging is escorted by expression modifications of SAC components, and especially of Bub1b/BubR1. Bub1b/BubR1 has been previously reported to decrease naturally upon aging. Here, we show that there is an initial increase in Bub1b/BubR1 levels, feasibly as part of the cells' response against OS-driven genomic instability, that is followed by its autophagy dependent degradation. This provides an explanation that was missing regarding the molecular entity responsible for the downregulation of Bub1b/BubR1 upon aging, especially since it is well established, by us and others, that the proteasome function decays as cells age. These results, not only serve the previously reported notion of a shift from proteasome to autophagy-dependent degradation upon aging, but also provide a mechanistic insight for mitotic errors-driven senescence. We believe that our conclusions deepen our understanding regarding the homeostatic function of autophagy that serves the establishment of senescence as a barrier against cellular transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Goutas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, 41500, Greece.
| | - Zozo Outskouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, 41500, Greece.
| | - Ioanna Papathanasiou
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, 41500, Greece.
| | - Aphrodite Georgakopoulou
- Hematology Department, Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Unit, Gene and Cell Therapy Center, George Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, 57010, Greece.
| | - Georgios E Karpetas
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, 41500, Greece.
| | - Efstathios S Gonos
- Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, 11521, Greece; Institute of Biology, Medical Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, 11635, Greece.
| | - Varvara Trachana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, 41500, Greece.
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10
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Ye P, Feng L, Zhang D, Li R, Wen Y, Tong X, Shi S, Dong C. Metformin Ameliorates D-Galactose-Induced Senescent Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Enhancing Autophagy. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:1429642. [PMID: 37035446 PMCID: PMC10079386 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1429642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) are promising candidates for stem cell therapy in clinical trials. Applications of hBMSCs in clinical therapy are limited by cellular senescence due to long-term ex vivo expansion. Metformin, an oral hypoglycemic drug for type 2 diabetes, has been shown to have antiaging effects. However, the mechanisms of metformin in antiaging treatment remain controversial. Here, we used D-galactose (D-gal) to establish an appropriate model of senescent hBMSCs to explore the antiaging effects of metformin. Following metformin treatment with a low concentration range, senescence phenotypes induced by D-gal significantly changed, including generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and cell cycle arrest. In contrast, no apparent change was found in unsenescent hBMSCs. Furthermore, the results show that activation of 5
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by metformin enhances cell autophagy in senescent hBMSCs. These findings suggest that metformin exerts antiaging function within the low concentration range by enhancing autophagy and exhibits potential benefits for clinical stem cell therapy by ameliorating the ex vivo replicative senescence of hBMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingting Ye
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Ruihao Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yixuan Wen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiaohan Tong
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Shuo Shi
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Chunyan Dong
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
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11
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Yang Y, Zhang W, Wang X, Yang J, Cui Y, Song H, Li W, Li W, Wu L, Du Y, He Z, Shi J, Zhang J. A passage-dependent network for estimating the in vitro senescence of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells using microarray, bulk and single cell RNA sequencing. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:998666. [PMID: 36824368 PMCID: PMC9941187 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.998666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term in vitro culture of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) leads to cell lifespan shortening and growth stagnation due to cell senescence. Here, using sequencing data generated in the public domain, we have established a specific regulatory network of "transcription factor (TF)-microRNA (miRNA)-Target" to provide key molecules for evaluating the passage-dependent replicative senescence of mesenchymal stem cells for the quality control and status evaluation of mesenchymal stem cells prepared by different procedures. Short time-series expression miner (STEM) analysis was performed on the RNA-seq and miRNA-seq databases of mesenchymal stem cells from various passages to reveal the dynamic passage-related changes of miRNAs and mRNAs. Potential miRNA targets were predicted using seven miRNA target prediction databases, including TargetScan, miRTarBase, miRDB, miRWalk, RNA22, RNAinter, and TargetMiner. Then use the TransmiR v2.0 database to obtain experimental-supported transcription factor for regulating the selected miRNA. More than ten sequencing data related to mesenchymal stem cells or mesenchymal stem cells reprogramming were used to validate key miRNAs and mRNAs. And gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was performed to calculate the passage-dependent signature. The results showed that during the passage of mesenchymal stem cells, a total of 29 miRNAs were gradually downregulated and 210 mRNA were gradually upregulated. Enrichment analysis showed that the 29 miRNAs acted as multipotent regulatory factors of stem cells and participated in a variety of signaling pathways, including TGF-beta, HIPPO and oxygen related pathways. 210 mRNAs were involved in cell senescence. According to the target prediction results, the targets of these key miRNAs and mRNAs intersect to form a regulatory network of "TF-miRNA-Target" related to replicative senescence of cultured mesenchymal stem cells, across 35 transcription factor, 7 miRNAs (has-mir-454-3p, has-mir-196b-5p, has-mir-130b-5p, has-mir-1271-5p, has-let-7i-5p, has-let-7a-5p, and has-let-7b-5p) and 7 predicted targets (PRUNE2, DIO2, CPA4, PRKAA2, DMD, DDAH1, and GATA6). This network was further validated by analyzing datasets from a variety of mesenchymal stem cells subculture and lineage reprogramming studies, as well as qPCR analysis of early passages mesenchymal stem cells versus mesenchymal stem cells with senescence morphologies (SA-β-Gal+). The "TF-miRNA-Target" regulatory network constructed in this study reveals the functional mechanism of miRNAs in promoting the senescence of MSCs during in vitro expansion and provides indicators for monitoring the quality of functional mesenchymal stem cells during the preparation and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingxian Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yangyang Cui
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China,Postgraduate Training Base of Shanghai East Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Haimeng Song
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Taicang City, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Taicang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Fuzhou Dongxiang District People’s Hospital, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Le Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Fuzhou Dongxiang District People’s Hospital, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yao Du
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiying He
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zhiying He, ; Jun Shi, ; Jiangnan Zhang,
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,*Correspondence: Zhiying He, ; Jun Shi, ; Jiangnan Zhang,
| | - Jiangnan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,*Correspondence: Zhiying He, ; Jun Shi, ; Jiangnan Zhang,
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12
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Changes in AMPK activity induces cellular senescence in human dental follicle cells. Exp Gerontol 2023; 172:112071. [PMID: 36563529 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.112071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dental Follicle Cells (DFCs) are somatic stem cells with a limited lifespan, but little is known about a possible mechanism of cellular senescence. Previous studies have shown that cellular senescence is associated with increased demand of glycolsis or the "glycolytic metabotype", which can be induced by activation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and decreased autophagy. This study examined the role of AMPK in inducing senescence in DFCs. During the induction of cellular senescence, AMPK activity was impaired, suggesting a negative impact on senescence induction. In line with this assumption, cellular senescence was induced upon inhibition of AMPK with a specific siRNA. In addition, after this inhibition, autophagy was also inhibited. Moreover, specific inhibition of autophagy promoted cellular senescence. However, inducers of AMPK such as metformin or AICAR surprisingly increased senescence in DFCs. Interestingly, autophagy was impaired after long-term induction of AMPK with AICAR and metformin. Moreover, activation of AMPK induces the consumption of glucose but decreases NAD/NADH ratio in DFCs that suggest not only "glycolytic metabotype" of DFCs but also Mitochondrial Dysfunction Associated Senescence (MiDAS). Both changes are highly associated with the induction of cellular senescence. Hence, both AMPK activation and inhibition promote the induction of cellular senecence of DFCs.
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13
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Wong PF, Dharmani M, Ramasamy TS. Senotherapeutics for mesenchymal stem cell senescence and rejuvenation. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103424. [PMID: 36332835 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are susceptible to replicative senescence and senescence-associated functional decline, which hampers their use in regenerative medicine. Senotherapeutics are drugs that target cellular senescence through senolytic and senomorphic functions to induce apoptosis and suppress chronic inflammation caused by the senescence-associated secreted phenotype (SASP), respectively. Therefore, senotherapeutics could delay aging-associated degeneration. They could also be used to eliminate senescent MSCs during in vitro expansion or bioprocessing for transplantation. In this review, we discuss the role of senotherapeutics in MSC senescence, rejuvenation, and transplantation, with examples of some tested compounds in vitro. The prospects, challenges, and the way forward in clinical applications of senotherapeutics in cell-based therapeutics are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooi-Fong Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Murugan Dharmani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thamil Selvee Ramasamy
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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14
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Autophagy Is a Crucial Path in Chondrogenesis of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Laden in Hydrogel. Gels 2022; 8:gels8120766. [PMID: 36547290 PMCID: PMC9778383 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular process that contributes to the maintenance of cell homeostasis through the activation of a specific path, by providing the necessary factors in stressful and physiological situations. Autophagy plays a specific role in chondrocyte differentiation; therefore, we aimed to analyze this process in adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) laden in three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel. We analyzed chondrogenic and autophagic markers using molecular biology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. We demonstrated that ASCs embedded in 3D hydrogel showed an increase expression of typical autophagic markers Beclin 1, LC3, and p62, associated with clear evidence of autophagic vacuoles in the cytoplasm. During ASCs chondrogenic differentiation, we showed that autophagic markers declined their expression and autophagic vesicles were rare, while typical chondrogenic markers collagen type 2, and aggrecan were significantly increased. In line with developmental animal models of cartilage, our data showed that in a 3D hydrogel, ASCs increased their autophagic features. This path is the fundamental prerequisite for the initial phase of differentiation that contributes to fueling the cells with energy and factors necessary for chondrogenic differentiation.
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15
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Vitale E, Perveen S, Rossin D, Lo Iacono M, Rastaldo R, Giachino C. Role of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Ageing Biology and Rejuvenation of Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:912470. [PMID: 35837330 PMCID: PMC9273769 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.912470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
What lies at the basis of the mechanisms that regulate the maintenance and self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells is still an open question. The control of stemness derives from a fine regulation between transcriptional and metabolic factors. In the last years, an emerging topic has concerned the involvement of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy (CMA) as a key mechanism in stem cell pluripotency control acting as a bridge between epigenetic, transcriptional and differentiation regulation. This review aims to clarify this new and not yet well-explored horizon discussing the recent studies regarding the CMA impact on embryonic, mesenchymal, and haematopoietic stem cells. The review will discuss how CMA influences embryonic stem cell activity promoting self-renewal or differentiation, its involvement in maintaining haematopoietic stem cell function by increasing their functionality during the normal ageing process and its effects on mesenchymal stem cells, in which modulation of CMA regulates immunosuppressive and differentiation properties. Finally, the importance of these new discoveries and their relevance for regenerative medicine applications, from transplantation to cell rejuvenation, will be addressed.
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16
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Yang YP, Lai WY, Lin TW, Lin YY, Chien Y, Tsai YC, Tai HY, Wang CL, Liu YY, Huang PI, Chen YW, Lo WL, Wang CY. Autophagy reprogramming stem cell pluripotency and multiple-lineage differentiation. J Chin Med Assoc 2022; 85:667-671. [PMID: 35385421 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular process responsible for the degradation of cytosolic proteins and subcellular organelles in lysosomes was termed "autophagy." This process occurs at a basal level in most tissues as part of tissue homeostasis that redounds to the regular turnover of components inside cytoplasm. The breakthrough in the autophagy field is the identification of key players in the autophagy pathway, compounded under the name "autophagy-related genes" (ATG) encoding for autophagy effector proteins. Generally, the function of autophagy can be classified into two divisions: intracellular clearance of defective macromolecules and organelles and generation of degradation products. Therapeutic strategies using stem cell-based approach come as a promising therapy and develop rapidly recently as stem cells have high self-renewability and differentiation capability as known as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). They are defined as adherent fibroblast-like population with the abilities to self-renew and multi-lineage differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineage cells. To date, they are the most extensively applied adult stem cells in clinical trials. The properties of MSCs, such as immunomodulation, neuroprotection, and tissue repair pertaining to cell differentiation, processes to replace lost, or damaged cells, for aiding cell repair and revival. Autophagy has been viewed as a remarkable mechanism for maintaining homeostasis, ensuring the adequate function and survival of long-lived stem cells. In addition, authophagy also plays a remarkable role in protecting stem cells against cellular stress when the stem cell regenerative capacity is harmed in aging and cellular degeneration. Understanding the under-explored mechanisms of MSC actions and expanding the spectrum of their clinical applications may improve the utility of the MSC-based therapeutic approach in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Yi Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ying Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yueh Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ching Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Yun Tai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Lin Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yung-Yang Liu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pin-I Huang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Cancer Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Wei Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Cancer Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Liang Lo
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Ying Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Trauma, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Physical Education and Health, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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17
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Ruiz-Aparicio PF, Vernot JP. Bone Marrow Aging and the Leukaemia-Induced Senescence of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Exploring Similarities. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050716. [PMID: 35629139 PMCID: PMC9147878 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow aging is associated with multiple cellular dysfunctions, including perturbed haematopoiesis, the propensity to haematological transformation, and the maintenance of leukaemia. It has been shown that instructive signals from different leukemic cells are delivered to stromal cells to remodel the bone marrow into a supportive leukemic niche. In particular, cellular senescence, a physiological program with both beneficial and deleterious effects on the health of the organisms, may be responsible for the increased incidence of haematological malignancies in the elderly and for the survival of diverse leukemic cells. Here, we will review the connection between BM aging and cellular senescence and the role that these processes play in leukaemia progression. Specifically, we discuss the role of mesenchymal stem cells as a central component of the supportive niche. Due to the specificity of the genetic defects present in leukaemia, one would think that bone marrow alterations would also have particular changes, making it difficult to envisage a shared therapeutic use. We have tried to summarize the coincident features present in BM stromal cells during aging and senescence and in two different leukaemias, acute myeloid leukaemia, with high frequency in the elderly, and B-acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, mainly a childhood disease. We propose that mesenchymal stem cells are similarly affected in these different leukaemias, and that the changes that we observed in terms of cellular function, redox balance, genetics and epigenetics, soluble factor repertoire and stemness are equivalent to those occurring during BM aging and cellular senescence. These coincident features may be used to explore strategies useful to treat various haematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Fernanda Ruiz-Aparicio
- Grupo de Investigación Fisiología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia;
| | - Jean-Paul Vernot
- Grupo de Investigación Fisiología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia;
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
- Correspondence:
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18
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Trappc9 Deficiency Impairs the Plasticity of Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094900. [PMID: 35563289 PMCID: PMC9101649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic mutations of trappc9 cause intellectual disability with the atrophy of brain structures and variable obesity by poorly understood mechanisms. Trappc9-deficient mice develop phenotypes resembling pathological changes in humans and appear overweight shortly after weaning, and thus are useful for studying the pathogenesis of obesity. Here, we investigated the effects of trappc9 deficiency on the proliferation and differentiation capacity of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). We isolated ASCs from mice before overweight was developed and found that trappc9-null ASCs exhibited signs of premature senescence and cell death. While the lineage commitment was retained, trappc9-null ASCs preferred adipogenic differentiation. We observed a profound accumulation of lipid droplets in adipogenic cells derived from trappc9-deficient ASCs and marked differences in the distribution patterns and levels of calcium deposited in osteoblasts obtained from trappc9-null ASCs. Biochemical studies revealed that trappc9 deficiency resulted in an upregulated expression of rab1, rab11, and rab18, and agitated autophagy in ASCs. Moreover, we found that the content of neural stem cells in both the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus vastly declined in trappc9-null mice. Collectively, our results suggest that obesity, as well as brain structure hypoplasia induced by the deficiency of trappc9, involves an impairment in the plasticity of stem cells.
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19
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Pizzuti V, Abruzzo PM, Chatgilialoglu A, Zia S, Marrazzo P, Petrocelli G, Zannini C, Marchionni C, Poggi P, Simonazzi G, Canaider S, Alviano F, Facchin F, Bonsi L. A Tailored Lipid Supplement Restored Membrane Fatty Acid Composition and Ameliorates In Vitro Biological Features of Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051236. [PMID: 35268327 PMCID: PMC8911266 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell culture conditions influence several biological and biochemical features of stem cells (SCs), including the membrane lipid profile, thus limiting the use of SCs for cell therapy approaches. The present study aims to investigate whether the in vitro culture may alter the membrane fatty acid signature of human Amniotic Epithelial Cells (hAECs). The analysis of the membrane fatty acid composition of hAECs cultured in basal medium showed a loss in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), in particular in omega-6 (ω-6) content, compared to freshly isolated hAECs. The addition to the basal culture medium of a chemically defined and animal-free tailored lipid supplement, namely Refeed®, partially restored the membrane fatty acid signature of hAECs. Although the amelioration of the membrane composition did not prolong hAECs culture lifespan, Refeed® influenced cell morphology, counteracted the onset of senescence, and increased the migratory capacity as well as the ability of hAECs to inhibit Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC) proliferation. This study provides new information on hAEC features during culture passages and demonstrates that the maintenance of the membrane fatty acid signature preserved higher cell quality during in vitro expansion, suggesting the use of lipid supplementation for SC expansion in cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Pizzuti
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (P.M.A.); (P.M.); (G.P.); (C.M.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (L.B.)
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Provvidenza Maria Abruzzo
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (P.M.A.); (P.M.); (G.P.); (C.M.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (L.B.)
| | | | | | - Pasquale Marrazzo
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (P.M.A.); (P.M.); (G.P.); (C.M.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Giovannamaria Petrocelli
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (P.M.A.); (P.M.); (G.P.); (C.M.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Chiara Zannini
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Bioengineering of the National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (NIBB)-ELDOR Lab, at the Innovation Accelerator, CNR, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Cosetta Marchionni
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (P.M.A.); (P.M.); (G.P.); (C.M.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Paola Poggi
- Remembrane S.r.l., 40026 Imola, Italy; (A.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Giuliana Simonazzi
- Obstetric Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Policlinico St. Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Silvia Canaider
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (P.M.A.); (P.M.); (G.P.); (C.M.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Francesco Alviano
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (P.M.A.); (P.M.); (G.P.); (C.M.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Federica Facchin
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (P.M.A.); (P.M.); (G.P.); (C.M.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Laura Bonsi
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (P.M.A.); (P.M.); (G.P.); (C.M.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (L.B.)
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20
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Alvites R, Branquinho M, Sousa AC, Lopes B, Sousa P, Maurício AC. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Their Paracrine Activity-Immunomodulation Mechanisms and How to Influence the Therapeutic Potential. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:381. [PMID: 35214113 PMCID: PMC8875256 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With high clinical interest to be applied in regenerative medicine, Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells have been widely studied due to their multipotency, wide distribution, and relative ease of isolation and expansion in vitro. Their remarkable biological characteristics and high immunomodulatory influence have opened doors to the application of MSCs in many clinical settings. The therapeutic influence of these cells and the interaction with the immune system seems to occur both directly and through a paracrine route, with the production and secretion of soluble factors and extracellular vesicles. The complex mechanisms through which this influence takes place is not fully understood, but several functional manipulation techniques, such as cell engineering, priming, and preconditioning, have been developed. In this review, the knowledge about the immunoregulatory and immunomodulatory capacity of MSCs and their secretion products is revisited, with a special focus on the phenomena of migration and homing, direct cell action and paracrine activity. The techniques for homing improvement, cell modulation and conditioning prior to the application of paracrine factors were also explored. Finally, multiple assays where different approaches were applied with varying success were used as examples to justify their exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Alvites
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente (ICETA) da Universidade do Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (M.B.); (A.C.S.); (B.L.); (P.S.)
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Branquinho
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente (ICETA) da Universidade do Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (M.B.); (A.C.S.); (B.L.); (P.S.)
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Sousa
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente (ICETA) da Universidade do Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (M.B.); (A.C.S.); (B.L.); (P.S.)
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruna Lopes
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente (ICETA) da Universidade do Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (M.B.); (A.C.S.); (B.L.); (P.S.)
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Sousa
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente (ICETA) da Universidade do Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (M.B.); (A.C.S.); (B.L.); (P.S.)
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Colette Maurício
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente (ICETA) da Universidade do Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (M.B.); (A.C.S.); (B.L.); (P.S.)
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Stressed and disoriented: stromal autophagy regulates HSCs. Blood 2022; 139:640-642. [PMID: 35113152 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021014337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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22
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Goutas A, Outskouni Z, Papathanasiou I, Satra M, Koliakos G, Trachana V. Dysregulation of Caveolin-1 Phosphorylation and Nuclear Translocation Is Associated with Senescence Onset. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112939. [PMID: 34831162 PMCID: PMC8616550 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that the inability of osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes to repair oxidative stress (OS) induced DNA damage is linked to Cav-1 overexpression/improper localization. We speculated that the senescent status of OA cells was responsible for this Cav-1 dysregulation. Here, to further investigate this hypothesis, we used Wharton Jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) and investigated Cav-1 function as cells reached replicative senescence or upon stress induced senescence (SIPS). We showed that Cav-1 is upregulated, phosphorylated and translocated to the nucleus in young WJ-MSCs upon acute exogenous OS, and that it returns back to basal/nonphosphorylated levels and exports the nucleus in the recovery phase. However, as cells reach senescence, this regulation is lost. OS did not induce any Cav-1-mediated response, which is concomitant with the inability of older cells to restore DNA damage. Furthermore, downregulation of Cav-1 resulted in persistent OS-induced DNA damage and subsequent onset of senescence. We also report that the establishment of senescence is mediated by autophagy stimulation, since downregulation of autophagy key molecule Atg5, simultaneously with Cav-1 downregulation, was found to inhibit SIPS. Basically, we propose that Cav-1 involvement in DNA damage response can lead to senescence, either because the damage is extensive or because Cav-1 is absent/unable to perform its homeostatic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Goutas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.G.); (Z.O.); (I.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Zozo Outskouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.G.); (Z.O.); (I.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Ioanna Papathanasiou
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.G.); (Z.O.); (I.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Maria Satra
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.G.); (Z.O.); (I.P.); (M.S.)
| | - George Koliakos
- Biohellenika, Biotechnology Company, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Varvara Trachana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.G.); (Z.O.); (I.P.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2410-685624
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Human cardiac stem cells rejuvenated by modulating autophagy with MHY-1685 enhance the therapeutic potential for cardiac repair. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1423-1436. [PMID: 34584195 PMCID: PMC8492872 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00676-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies with clinical applications require millions of cells. Therefore, repeated subculture is essential for cellular expansion, which is often complicated by replicative senescence. Cellular senescence contributes to reduced stem cell regenerative potential as it inhibits stem cell proliferation and differentiation as well as the activation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In this study, we employed MHY-1685, a novel mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, and examined its long-term priming effect on the activities of senile human cardiac stem cells (hCSCs) and the functional benefits of primed hCSCs after transplantation. In vitro experiments showed that the MHY-1685‒primed hCSCs exhibited higher viability in response to oxidative stress and an enhanced proliferation potential compared to that of the unprimed senile hCSCs. Interestingly, priming MHY-1685 enhanced the expression of stemness-related markers in senile hCSCs and provided the differentiation potential of hCSCs into vascular lineages. In vivo experiment with echocardiography showed that transplantation of MHY-1685‒primed hCSCs improved cardiac function than that of the unprimed senile hCSCs at 4 weeks post-MI. In addition, hearts transplanted with MHY-1685-primed hCSCs exhibited significantly lower cardiac fibrosis and higher capillary density than that of the unprimed senile hCSCs. In confocal fluorescence imaging, MHY-1685‒primed hCSCs survived for longer durations than that of the unprimed senile hCSCs and had a higher potential to differentiate into endothelial cells (ECs) within the infarcted hearts. These findings suggest that MHY-1685 can rejuvenate senile hCSCs by modulating autophagy and that as a senescence inhibitor, MHY-1685 can provide opportunities to improve hCSC-based myocardial regeneration.
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Plava J, Burikova M, Cihova M, Trnkova L, Smolkova B, Babal P, Krivosikova L, Janega P, Rojikova L, Drahosova S, Bohac M, Danisovic L, Kucerova L, Miklikova S. Chemotherapy-triggered changes in stromal compartment drive tumor invasiveness and progression of breast cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:302. [PMID: 34579743 PMCID: PMC8477536 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Chemotherapy remains a standard treatment option for breast cancer despite its toxic effects to normal tissues. However, the long-lasting effects of chemotherapy on non-malignant cells may influence tumor cell behavior and response to treatment. Here, we have analyzed the effects of doxorubicin (DOX) and paclitaxel (PAC), commonly used chemotherapeutic agents, on the survival and cellular functions of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), which comprise an important part of breast tumor microenvironment. Methods Chemotherapy-exposed MSC (DOX-MSC, PAC-MSC) were co-cultured with three breast cancer cell (BCC) lines differing in molecular characteristics to study chemotherapy-triggered changes in stromal compartment of the breast tissue and its relevance to tumor progression in vitro and in vivo. Conditioned media from co-cultured cells were used to determine the cytokine content. Mixture of BCC and exposed or unexposed MSC were subcutaneously injected into the immunodeficient SCID/Beige mice to analyze invasion into the surrounding tissue and possible metastases. The same mixtures of cells were applied on the chorioallantoic membrane to study angiogenic potential. Results Therapy-educated MSC differed in cytokine production compared to un-exposed MSC and influenced proliferation and secretory phenotype of tumor cells in co-culture. Histochemical tumor xenograft analysis revealed increased invasive potential of tumor cells co-injected with DOX-MSC or PAC-MSC and also the presence of nerve fiber infiltration in tumors. Chemotherapy-exposed MSC have also influenced angiogenic potential in the model of chorioallantoic membrane. Conclusions Data presented in this study suggest that neoadjuvant chemotherapy could possibly alter otherwise healthy stroma in breast tissue into a hostile tumor-promoting and metastasis favoring niche. Understanding of the tumor microenvironment and its complex net of signals brings us closer to the ability to recognize the mechanisms that prevent failure of standard therapy and accomplish the curative purpose. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02087-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Plava
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Monika Burikova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marina Cihova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Trnkova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Bozena Smolkova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavel Babal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Krivosikova
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Janega
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Rojikova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Slavka Drahosova
- Hermes LabSystems, s.r.o., Puchovska 12, 831 06, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Bohac
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Oncosurgery, National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Regenmed Ltd, Medena 29, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- Regenmed Ltd, Medena 29, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Kucerova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Svetlana Miklikova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Cayo A, Segovia R, Venturini W, Moore-Carrasco R, Valenzuela C, Brown N. mTOR Activity and Autophagy in Senescent Cells, a Complex Partnership. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158149. [PMID: 34360912 PMCID: PMC8347619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a form of proliferative arrest triggered in response to a wide variety of stimuli and characterized by unique changes in cell morphology and function. Although unable to divide, senescent cells remain metabolically active and acquire the ability to produce and secrete bioactive molecules, some of which have recognized pro-inflammatory and/or pro-tumorigenic actions. As expected, this “senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)” accounts for most of the non-cell-autonomous effects of senescent cells, which can be beneficial or detrimental for tissue homeostasis, depending on the context. It is now evident that many features linked to cellular senescence, including the SASP, reflect complex changes in the activities of mTOR and other metabolic pathways. Indeed, the available evidence indicates that mTOR-dependent signaling is required for the maintenance or implementation of different aspects of cellular senescence. Thus, depending on the cell type and biological context, inhibiting mTOR in cells undergoing senescence can reverse senescence, induce quiescence or cell death, or exacerbate some features of senescent cells while inhibiting others. Interestingly, autophagy—a highly regulated catabolic process—is also commonly upregulated in senescent cells. As mTOR activation leads to repression of autophagy in non-senescent cells (mTOR as an upstream regulator of autophagy), the upregulation of autophagy observed in senescent cells must take place in an mTOR-independent manner. Notably, there is evidence that autophagy provides free amino acids that feed the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), which in turn is required to initiate the synthesis of SASP components. Therefore, mTOR activation can follow the induction of autophagy in senescent cells (mTOR as a downstream effector of autophagy). These functional connections suggest the existence of autophagy regulatory pathways in senescent cells that differ from those activated in non-senescence contexts. We envision that untangling these functional connections will be key for the generation of combinatorial anti-cancer therapies involving pro-senescence drugs, mTOR inhibitors, and/or autophagy inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Cayo
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca School of Medicine, Talca 346000, Chile; (A.C.); (R.S.); (W.V.); (C.V.)
| | - Raúl Segovia
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca School of Medicine, Talca 346000, Chile; (A.C.); (R.S.); (W.V.); (C.V.)
| | - Whitney Venturini
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca School of Medicine, Talca 346000, Chile; (A.C.); (R.S.); (W.V.); (C.V.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 346000, Chile;
| | - Rodrigo Moore-Carrasco
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 346000, Chile;
| | - Claudio Valenzuela
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca School of Medicine, Talca 346000, Chile; (A.C.); (R.S.); (W.V.); (C.V.)
| | - Nelson Brown
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca School of Medicine, Talca 346000, Chile; (A.C.); (R.S.); (W.V.); (C.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Liu J, He J, Ge L, Xiao H, Huang Y, Zeng L, Jiang Z, Lu M, Hu Z. Hypoxic preconditioning rejuvenates mesenchymal stem cells and enhances neuroprotection following intracerebral hemorrhage via the miR-326-mediated autophagy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:413. [PMID: 34294127 PMCID: PMC8296710 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02480-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a major public health concern, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great potential for treating ICH. However, the quantity and quality of MSCs decline in the cerebral niche, limiting the potential efficacy of MSCs. Hypoxic preconditioning is suggested to enhance the survival of MSCs and augment the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in ICH. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to mediate cellular senescence. However, the precise mechanism by which miRNAs regulate the senescence of hypoxic MSCs remains to be further studied. In the present study, we evaluated whether hypoxic preconditioning enhances the survival and therapeutic effects of olfactory mucosa MSC (OM-MSC) survival and therapeutic effects in ICH and investigated the mechanisms by which miRNA ameliorates hypoxic OM-MSC senescence. METHODS In the in vivo model, ICH was induced in mice by administration of collagenase IV. At 24 h post-ICH, 5 × 105 normoxia or hypoxia OM-MSCs or saline was administered intracerebrally. The behavioral outcome, neuronal apoptosis, and OM-MSC survival were evaluated. In the in vitro model, OM-MSCs were exposed to hemin. Cellular senescence was examined by evaluating the expressions of P16INK4A, P21, P53, and by β-galactosidase staining. Microarray and bioinformatic analyses were performed to investigate the differences in the miRNA expression profiles between the normoxia and hypoxia OM-MSCs. Autophagy was confirmed using the protein expression levels of LC3, P62, and Beclin-1. RESULTS In the in vivo model, transplanted OM-MSCs with hypoxic preconditioning exhibited increased survival and tissue-protective capability. In the in vitro model, hypoxia preconditioning decreased the senescence of OM-MSCs exposed to hemin. Bioinformatic analysis identified that microRNA-326 (miR-326) expression was significantly increased in the hypoxia OM-MSCs compared with that of normoxia OM-MSCs. Upregulation of miR-326 alleviated normoxia OM-MSC senescence, whereas miR-326 downregulation increased hypoxia OM-MSC senescence. Furthermore, we showed that miR-326 alleviated cellular senescence by upregulating autophagy. Mechanistically, miR-326 promoted the autophagy of OM-MSCs via the PI3K signaling pathway by targeting polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that hypoxic preconditioning delays OM-MSC senescence and augments the therapeutic efficacy of OM-MSCs in ICH by upregulating the miR-326/PTBP1/PI3K-mediated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jialin He
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lite Ge
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Huang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Prevention, and Treatment, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liuwang Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Metformin and Vitamin D Modulate Inflammation and Autophagy during Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136686. [PMID: 34206506 PMCID: PMC8269127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) came out from the regenerative medicine landscape for their ability to differentiate into several phenotypes, contributing to tissue regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. Dysregulation in stem cell recruitment and differentiation during adipogenesis is linked to a chronic low-grade inflammation and macrophage infiltration inside the adipose tissue, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease and obesity. In the present paper we aimed to evaluate the role of metformin and vitamin D, alone or in combination, in modulating inflammation and autophagy in ADSCs during adipogenic commitment. ADSCs were cultured for 21 days in the presence of a specific adipogenic differentiation medium, together with metformin, or vitamin D, or both. We then analyzed the expression of FoxO1 and Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α by ELISA. Autophagy was also assessed by specific Western blot analysis of ATG12, LC3B I, and LC3B II expression. Our results showed the ability of the conditioned media to modulate adipogenic differentiation, finely tuning the inflammatory response and autophagy. We observed a modulation in HSP mRNA levels, and a significant downregulation in cytokine secretion. Taken together, our findings suggest the possible application of these molecules in clinical practice to counteract uncontrolled lipogenesis and prevent obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders.
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Jiang F, Wu C, Wang M, Wei K, Wang J. An Autophagy-related Long Non-coding RNA Signature for Breast Cancer. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 25:1327-1335. [PMID: 34082670 DOI: 10.2174/1386207324666210603122718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most prevalent malignant tumor in women is breast cancer (BC). Autophagic therapies have been identified for their contribution in BC cell death. Therefore, the potential prognostic role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) related to autophagy in patients with BC was examined. METHODS The lncRNAs expression profiles were derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Throughout univariate Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression test, lncRNA with BC prognosis have been differentially presented. We then defined the optimal cutoff point between high and low-risk groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to test this signature. In order to examine possible signaling mechanisms linked to these lncRNAs, the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) has been carried out. RESULTS Based on the lncRNA expression profiles for BC, a 9 lncRNA signature associated with autophagy was developed. The optimal cutoff value for high-risk and low-risk groups was used. The high-risk group had less survival time than the low-risk group. The result of this lncRNA signature was highly sensitive and precise. GSEA study found that the gene sets have been greatly enriched in many cancer pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our signature of 9 lncRNAs related to autophagy has prognostic value for BC, and these lncRNAs related to autophagy may play an important role in BC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Department of Neonatology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chuyan Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ke Wei
- Medical Service Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jimei Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
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Talukdar S, Das SK, Emdad L, Fisher PB. Autophagy and senescence: Insights from normal and cancer stem cells. Adv Cancer Res 2021; 150:147-208. [PMID: 33858596 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process, which allows cells to adapt to metabolic stress through the degradation and recycling of intracellular components to generate macromolecular precursors and produce energy. Autophagy is also critical in maintaining cellular/tissue homeostasis, as well preserving immunity and preventing human disease. Deregulation of autophagic processes is associated with cancer, neurodegeneration, muscle and heart disease, infectious diseases and aging. Research on a variety of stem cell types establish that autophagy plays critical roles in normal and cancer stem cell quiescence, activation, differentiation, and self-renewal. Considering its critical function in regulating the metabolic state of stem cells, autophagy plays a dual role in the regulation of normal and cancer stem cell senescence, and cellular responses to various therapeutic strategies. The relationships between autophagy, senescence, dormancy and apoptosis frequently focus on responses to various forms of stress. These are interrelated processes that profoundly affect normal and abnormal human physiology that require further elucidation in cancer stem cells. This review provides a current perspective on autophagy and senescence in both normal and cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Talukdar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
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Cai J, Qi H, Yao K, Yao Y, Jing D, Liao W, Zhao Z. Non-Coding RNAs Steering the Senescence-Related Progress, Properties, and Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:650431. [PMID: 33816501 PMCID: PMC8017203 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.650431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The thirst to postpone and even reverse aging progress has never been quenched after all these decades. Unequivocally, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with extraordinary abilities such as self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation, deserve the limelight in this topic. Though having several affable clinical traits, MSCs going through senescence would, on one hand, contribute to age-related diseases and, on the other hand, lead to compromised or even counterproductive therapeutical outcomes. Notably, increasing evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) could invigorate various regulatory processes. With even a slight dip or an uptick of expression, ncRNAs would make a dent in or even overturn cellular fate. Thereby, a systematic illustration of ncRNAs identified so far to steer MSCs during senescence is axiomatically an urgent need. In this review, we introduce the general properties and mechanisms of senescence and its relationship with MSCs and illustrate the ncRNAs playing a role in the cellular senescence of MSCs. It is then followed by the elucidation of ncRNAs embodied in extracellular vesicles connecting senescent MSCs with other cells and diversified processes in and beyond the skeletal system. Last, we provide a glimpse into the clinical methodologies of ncRNA-based therapies in MSC-related fields. Hopefully, the intricate relationship between senescence and MSCs will be revealed one day and our work could be a crucial stepping-stone toward that future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hexu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dian Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Shi L, Han Q, Hong Y, Li W, Gong G, Cui J, Mao M, Liang X, Hu B, Li X, Luo Q, Zhang Y. Inhibition of miR-199a-5p rejuvenates aged mesenchymal stem cells derived from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and improves their therapeutic efficacy in experimental pulmonary fibrosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:147. [PMID: 33632305 PMCID: PMC7905557 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02215-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an age-related disease with no cure. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy has emerged as a novel strategy for IPF treatment. Nevertheless, MSCs derived from patients with IPF (IPF-MSCs) become senescent, thereby reducing their beneficial effects in IPF. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) mediate the senescence of MSCs, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We investigated the mechanisms by which miR-199a-5p regulates IPF-MSC senescence and whether its inhibition could rejuvenate IPF-MSCs and enhance their therapeutic efficacy. Methods Control-MSCs and IPF-MSCs were isolated from the adipose tissue of age-matched healthy and IPF donors, respectively. Cell senescence was examined by senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining. The level of miR-199a-5p was measured by RT-PCR. Autophagy was determined using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The therapeutic efficacy of anti-miR-199a-5p-IPF-MSCs was assessed using a mouse model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Results Despite similar surface makers, IPF-MSCs exhibited increased cellular senescence and decreased proliferative capacity compared with control-MSCs. The expression of miR-199a-5p was significantly enhanced in the serum of IPF patients and IPF-MSCs compared with that of healthy donors and control-MSCs. The upregulation of miR-199a-5p induced senescence of control-MSCs, whereas the downregulation rescued IPF-MSC senescence. Mechanistically, miR-155-5p suppressed autophagy of MSCs via the AMPK signaling pathway by downregulating the expression of Sirtuin 1(Sirt1), resulting in cellular senescence. Accordingly, miR-155-5p inhibition promoted autophagy and ameliorated IPF-MSC senescence by activating the Sirt1/AMPK signaling pathway. Compared with IPF-MSCs, the transplantation of anti-miR-199a-5p-IPF-MSCs increased the ability to prevent progression of pulmonary fibrosis in bleomycin-treated mice. Conclusions Our study shows that miR-199a-5p regulates MSC senescence in patients with IPF by regulating the Sirt1/AMPK signaling pathway and miR-199a-5p is a novel target to rejuvenate IPF-MSCs and enhance their beneficial effects. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02215-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linli Shi
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Han
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yimei Hong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weifeng Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gencheng Gong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiangyu Cui
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengmeng Mao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoting Liang
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Li
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qun Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Perrotta C, Cattaneo MG, Molteni R, De Palma C. Autophagy in the Regulation of Tissue Differentiation and Homeostasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:602901. [PMID: 33363161 PMCID: PMC7758408 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.602901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a constitutive pathway that allows the lysosomal degradation of damaged components. This conserved process is essential for metabolic plasticity and tissue homeostasis and is crucial for mammalian post-mitotic cells. Autophagy also controls stem cell fate and defective autophagy is involved in many pathophysiological processes. In this review, we focus on established and recent breakthroughs aimed at elucidating the impact of autophagy in differentiation and homeostasis maintenance of endothelium, muscle, immune system, and brain providing a suitable framework of the emerging results and highlighting the pivotal role of autophagic response in tissue functions, stem cell dynamics and differentiation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Perrotta
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (DIBIC), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cattaneo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Molteni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Clara De Palma
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Ratushnyy AY, Rudimova YV, Buravkova LB. Replicative Senescence and Expression of Autophagy Genes in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:1169-1177. [PMID: 33202202 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cell senescence leads to a number of changes in the properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). In particular, the number of damaged structures is increased producing negative effect on intracellular processes. Elimination of the damaged molecules and organelles occurs via autophagy that can be important in the context of aging. Cultivation under low oxygen level can be used as an approach for enhancement of MSC therapeutic properties and "slowing down" cell senescence. The goal of this work was to study some morphological and functional characteristics and expression of autophagy-associated genes during replicative senescence of MSCs under different oxygen concentration. The study revealed changes in the regulation of autophagy at the transcriptional level. Upregulation of the expression of autophagosome membrane growth genes ATG9A and ULK1, of the autophagosome maturation genes CTSD, CLN3, GAA, and GABARAPL1, of the autophagy regulation genes TP53, TGFB1, BCL2L1, FADD, and HTT was shown. These changes were accompanied by downregulation of IGF1 and TGM2 expression. Increase of the lysosomal compartment volume was observed in the senescent MSCs that also indicated increase of their degradation activity. The number of lysosomes was decreased following prolonged cultivation under low oxygen concentration (5%). The replicative senescence of MSCs under conditions of different oxygen levels led to the similar modifications in the expression of the autophagy-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Y Ratushnyy
- Institute of Biomedical Problems (IBMP), Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 123007, Russia.
| | - Y V Rudimova
- Institute of Biomedical Problems (IBMP), Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 123007, Russia
| | - L B Buravkova
- Institute of Biomedical Problems (IBMP), Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 123007, Russia
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Zhang L, Wang H. FTY720 in CNS injuries: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Brain Res Bull 2020; 164:75-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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