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Atia GA, Rashed F, Taher ES, Cho SG, Dayem AA, Soliman MM, Shalaby HK, Mohammed NA, Taymour N, El-Sherbiny M, Ebrahim E, Ramadan MM, Abdelkader A, Abdo M, Aldarmahi AA, Atwa AM, Bafail DA, Abdeen A. Challenges of therapeutic applications and regenerative capacities of urine based stem cells in oral, and maxillofacial reconstruction. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117005. [PMID: 38945084 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) have gained the attention of researchers in the biomedical field in the past few years . Regarding the several varieties of cells that have been used for this purpose, USCs have demonstrated mesenchymal stem cell-like properties, such as differentiation and immunomodulation. Furthermore, they could be differentiated into several lineages. This is very interesting for regenerative techniques based on cell therapy. This review will embark on describing their separation, and profiling. We will specifically describe the USCs characteristics, in addition to their differentiation potential. Then, we will introduce and explore the primary uses of USCs. These involve thier utilization as a platform to produce stem cells, however, we shall concentrate on the utilization of USCs for therapeutic, and regenerative orofacial applications, providing an in-depth evaluation of this purpose. The final portion will address the limitations and challenges of their implementation in regenerative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal A Atia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
| | - Fatema Rashed
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Ehab S Taher
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Institute of Advanced Regenerative Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea.
| | - Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Institute of Advanced Regenerative Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Magdalen M Soliman
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Badr University, Egypt
| | - Hany K Shalaby
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez University, Suez 43512, Egypt
| | - Nourelhuda A Mohammed
- Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Mutah, Al-Karak 61710, Jordan
| | - Noha Taymour
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Elturabi Ebrahim
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nursing College, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M Ramadan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afaf Abdelkader
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdo
- Department of Animal Histology and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Egypt; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Aldarmahi
- Department of Basic Science, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21582, Saudi Arabia; National Guard, Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Jeddah 21582, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Atwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Duaa A Bafail
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 11829, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdeen
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt.
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2
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Matsuzaka Y, Yashiro R. Current Strategies and Therapeutic Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Drug Delivery. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:707. [PMID: 38931374 PMCID: PMC11206583 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising approach for drug delivery strategies because of their unique properties. These strategies include stem cell membrane-coated nanoparticles, stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, immunomodulatory effects, stem cell-laden scaffolds, and scaffold-free stem cell sheets. MSCs offer advantages such as low immunogenicity, homing ability, and tumor tropism, making them ideal for targeted drug delivery systems. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles have gained attention for their immune properties and tumor-homing abilities, presenting a potential solution for drug delivery challenges. The relationship between MSC-based drug delivery and the self-renewal and differentiation capabilities of MSCs lies in the potential of engineered MSCs to serve as effective carriers for therapeutic agents while maintaining their intrinsic properties. MSCs exhibit potent immunosuppressive functions in MSC-based drug delivery strategies. Stem cell-derived EVs have low immunogenicity and strong therapeutic potential for tissue repair and regeneration. Scaffold-free stem cell sheets represent a cutting-edge approach in regenerative medicine, offering a versatile platform for tissue engineering and regeneration across different medical specialties. MSCs have shown great potential for clinical applications in regenerative medicine because of their ability to differentiate into various cell types, secrete bioactive factors, and modulate immune responses. Researchers are exploring these innovative approaches to enhance drug delivery efficiency and effectiveness in treating various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunari Matsuzaka
- Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Administrative Section of Radiation Protection, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira 187-8551, Tokyo, Japan;
- Department of Medical Molecular Informatics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose 204-8588, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryu Yashiro
- Administrative Section of Radiation Protection, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira 187-8551, Tokyo, Japan;
- Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
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3
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Chen J, Jin W, Zhong C, Cai W, Huang L, Zhou J, Peng H. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells promote steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head repair by improving microvascular endothelial cell function. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:7928-7945. [PMID: 38696318 PMCID: PMC11132024 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Recently, there has been growing interest in using cell therapy through core decompression (CD) to treat osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Our study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) in treating steroid-induced ONFH. We constructed a steroid-induced ONFH rabbit model as well as dexamethasone (Dex)-treated bone microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) model of human femoral head. We injected hUCMSCs into the rabbit femoral head via CD. The effects of hUCMSCs on steroid-induced ONFH rabbit model and Dex-treated BMECs were evaluated via micro-CT, microangiography, histology, immunohistochemistry, wound healing, tube formation, and western blotting assay. Furthermore, we conducted single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to examine the characteristics of endothelial cells, the activation of signaling pathways, and inter-cellular communication in ONFH. Our data reveal that hUCMSCs improved the femoral head microstructure and bone repair and promoted angiogenesis in the steroid-induced ONFH rabbit model. Importantly, hUCMSCs improved the migration ability and angioplasty of Dex-treated BMECs by secreting COL6A2 to activate FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway via integrin α1β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwen Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Wenyi Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Changheng Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Wenxiang Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Liangkun Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jianlin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430062, China
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Chen J, Xie S, Qiu D, Xie M, Wu M, Li X, Zhang X, Wu Q, Xiong Y, Wu C, Ren J, Peng Y. The NLRP3 molecule influences the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells through Glut1-mediated energy metabolic reprogramming. J Adv Res 2023:S2090-1232(23)00380-6. [PMID: 38070595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous studies demonstrated that NLRP3 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) regulated the NLRP3 inflammasome, which has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach for treating IBD. OBJECTIVES The exact role of NLRP3 in regulating MSCs' function is unclear. Our study aimed to explore how NLRP3 affects the therapeutic effects of MSCs in colitis. METHODS We extracted MSCs from the bone marrow of C57BL/6 mice and Nlrp3 KO mice, and identified them using differentiation assays and flow cytometry. In vitro, Both WT MSCs and Nlrp3 KO MSCs were stimulated with inflammatory factor Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and only WT MSCs were stimulated with varying concentrations of the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950, then, quantified IL-10 levels in the supernatant. RNA-seq was performed to examine gene expression patterns and Seahorse was used to assess oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis levels. Western blot was used to evaluate protein expression. In vivo, we treated DSS-induced colitis with either WT or Nlrp3 KO MSCs, monitoring weight, measuring colon length, and further evaluation. We also treated DSS-induced colitis with pretreated MSCs (BAY876, oe-Glut1, or oe-NLRP3), following the same experimental procedures as described above. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that Nlrp3 deletion did not affect MSC phenotypes, but rather promoted osteogenic differentiation. However, the absence of Nlrp3 reduced IL-10 production in MSCs in the presence of LPS, leading to impaired protection on DSS-induced colitis. Conversely, overexpression of NLRP3 promotes the production of IL-10, enhancing therapeutic effects. Further investigation revealed that Nlrp3 deficiency downregulated Glut1 expression and glycolysis activation in MSCs, resulting in decreased IL-10 production. Notably, overexpressing Glut1 in Nlrp3 KO MSCs restored their therapeutic effect that was previously dampened due to Nlrp3 deletion. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that NLRP3 heightens the therapeutic effects of MSC treatment on DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrou Chen
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shujuan Xie
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Dongbo Qiu
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Maosheng Xie
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mengye Wu
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qili Wu
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Changyou Wu
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Medical Ultrasonic, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Yanwen Peng
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Feehan J, Jacques M, Kondrikov D, Eynon N, Wijeratne T, Apostolopoulos V, Gimble JM, Hill WD, Duque G. Circulating Osteoprogenitor Cells Have a Mixed Immune and Mesenchymal Progenitor Function in Humans. Stem Cells 2023; 41:1060-1075. [PMID: 37609930 PMCID: PMC10631805 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating osteoprogenitors (COP) are a population of cells in the peripheral circulation that possess functional and phenotypical characteristics of multipotent stromal cells (MSCs). This population has a solid potential to become an abundant, accessible, and replenishable source of MSCs with multiple potential clinical applications. However, a comprehensive functional characterization of COP cells is still required to test and fully develop their use in clinical settings. METHODS This study characterized COP cells by comparing them to bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) and adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) through detailed transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. RESULTS We demonstrate that COP cells have a distinct gene and protein expression pattern with a significantly stronger immune footprint, likely owing to their hematopoietic lineage. In addition, regarding progenitor cell differentiation and proliferation pathways, COP cells have a similar expression pattern to BM-MSCs and ASCs. CONCLUSION COP cells are a unique but functionally similar population to BM-MSCs and ASCs, sharing their proliferation and differentiation capacity, thus presenting an accessible source of MSCs with strong potential for translational regenerative medicine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Feehan
- Department of Medicine - Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria (VIC), Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health, Victoria University and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria (VIC), Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria (VIC), Australia
| | - Macsue Jacques
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria (VIC), Australia
| | - Dmitry Kondrikov
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Nir Eynon
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria (VIC), Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tissa Wijeratne
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health, Victoria University and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria (VIC), Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria (VIC), Australia
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health, Victoria University and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria (VIC), Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria (VIC), Australia
| | - Jeffrey M Gimble
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - William D Hill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Department of Medicine - Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria (VIC), Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health, Victoria University and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria (VIC), Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria (VIC), Australia
- Bone, Muscle and Geroscience Research Group, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Dr. Joseph Kaufmann Chair in Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Litvinov IK, Belyaeva TN, Salova AV, Aksenov ND, Chelushkin PS, Solomatina AI, Tunik SP, Kornilova ES. The Dual Luminescence Lifetime pH/Oxygen Sensor: Evaluation of Applicability for Intravital Analysis of 2D- and 3D-Cultivated Human Endometrial Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15606. [PMID: 37958592 PMCID: PMC10650141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxygenation of cells and tissues and acidification of the cellular endolysosomal system are among the major factors that ensure normal functioning of an organism and are violated in various pathologies. Recording of these parameters and their changes under various conditions is an important task for both basic research and clinical applications. In the present work, we utilized internalizable dual pH/O2 lifetime sensor (Ir-HSA-FITC) based on the covalent conjugation of human serum albumin (HSA) with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) as pH sensor and an orthometalated iridium complex as O2 sensor. The probe was tested for simultaneous detection of acidification level and oxygen concentration in endolysosomes of endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (enMSCs) cultivated as 2D monolayers and 3D spheroids. Using a combined FLIM/PLIM approach, we found that due to high autofluorescence of enMSCs FITC lifetime signal in control cells was insufficient to estimate pH changes. However, using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, we managed to detect the FITC signal response to inhibition of endolysosomal acidification by Bafilomycin A1. The iridium chromophore phosphorescence was detected reliably by all methods used. It was demonstrated that the sensor, accumulated in endolysosomes for 24 h, disappeared from proliferating 2D enMSCs by 72 h, but can still be recorded in non-proliferating spheroids. PLIM showed high sensitivity and responsiveness of iridium chromophore phosphorescence to experimental hypoxia both in 2D and 3D cultures. In spheroids, the phosphorescence signal was detected at a depth of up to 60 μm using PLIM and showed a gradient in the intracellular O2 level towards their center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilia K. Litvinov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky av. 4, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (I.K.L.); (T.N.B.); (A.V.S.); (N.D.A.)
| | - Tatiana N. Belyaeva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky av. 4, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (I.K.L.); (T.N.B.); (A.V.S.); (N.D.A.)
| | - Anna V. Salova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky av. 4, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (I.K.L.); (T.N.B.); (A.V.S.); (N.D.A.)
| | - Nikolay D. Aksenov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky av. 4, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (I.K.L.); (T.N.B.); (A.V.S.); (N.D.A.)
| | - Pavel S. Chelushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (P.S.C.); (A.I.S.)
| | - Anastasia I. Solomatina
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (P.S.C.); (A.I.S.)
| | - Sergey P. Tunik
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (P.S.C.); (A.I.S.)
| | - Elena S. Kornilova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky av. 4, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (I.K.L.); (T.N.B.); (A.V.S.); (N.D.A.)
- Higher School of Biomedical Systems and Technologies, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Khlopina Str. 11, 195251 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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7
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Gao T, Zhao X, Hao J, Tian Y, Ma H, Liu W, An B, Sun F, Liu S, Guo B, Niu S, Li Z, Wang C, Wang Y, Feng G, Wang L, Li W, Wu J, Guo M, Zhou Q, Gu Q. A scalable culture system incorporating microcarrier for specialised mesenchymal stem cells from human embryonic stem cells. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100662. [PMID: 37214547 PMCID: PMC10196860 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are a desirable cell source for cell therapy owing to their capacity to be produced stably and homogeneously in large quantities. However, a scalable culture system for hPSC-derived MSCs is urgently needed to meet the cell quantity and quality requirements of practical clinical applications. In this study, we developed a new microcarrier with hyaluronic acid (HA) as the core material, which allowed scalable serum-free suspension culture of hESC-derived MSCs (IMRCs). We used optimal microcarriers with a coating collagen concentration of 100 μg/mL or concave-structured surface (cHAMCs) for IMRC amplification in a stirred bioreactor, expanding IMRCs within six days with the highest yield of over one million cells per milliliter. In addition, the harvested cells exhibited high viability, immunomodulatory and regenerative therapeutic promise comparable to monolayer cultured MSCs while showing more increased secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly collagen-related proteins. In summary, we have established a scalable culture system for hESC-MSCs, providing novel approaches for future cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiyuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Hao
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huike Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bin An
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Faguo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baojie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuaishuai Niu
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhongwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chenxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yukai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guihai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Meijin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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8
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Sahoo A, Damala M, Jaffet J, Prasad D, Basu S, Singh V. Expansion and characterization of human limbus-derived stromal/mesenchymal stem cells in xeno-free medium for therapeutic applications. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:89. [PMID: 37061739 PMCID: PMC10105964 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03299-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proven to prevent and clear corneal scarring and limbal stem cell deficiency. However, using animal-derived serum in a culture medium raises the ethical and regulatory bar. This study aims to expand and characterize human limbus-derived stromal/mesenchymal stem cells (hLMSCs) for the first time in vitro in the xeno-free medium. METHODS Limbal tissue was obtained from therapeutic grade corneoscleral rims and subjected to explant culture till tertiary passage in media with and without serum (STEM MACS XF; SM), to obtain pure hLMSCs. Population doubling time, cell proliferation, expression of phenotypic markers, tri-lineage differentiation, colony-forming potential and gene expression analysis were carried out to assess the retention of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of hLMSCs. RESULTS The serum-free medium supported the growth of hLMSCs, retaining similar morphology but a significantly lower doubling time of 23 h (*p < 0.01) compared to the control medium. FACS analysis demonstrated ≥ 90% hLMSCs were positive for CD90+, CD73+, CD105+, and ≤ 6% were positive for CD45-, CD34- and HLA-DR-. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed similar expression of Pax6+, COL IV+, ABCG2+, ABCB5+, VIM+, CD90+, CD105+, CD73+, HLA-DR- and CD45-, αSMA- in both the media. Tri-lineage differentiation potential and gene expression of hLMSCs were retained similarly to that of the control medium. CONCLUSION The findings of this study demonstrate successful isolation, characterization and culture optimization of hLMSCs for the first time in vitro in a serum-free environment. This will help in the future pre-clinical and clinical applications of MSCs in translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Sahoo
- Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Mukesh Damala
- Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Jilu Jaffet
- Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Deeksha Prasad
- Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sayan Basu
- Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | - Vivek Singh
- Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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9
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Peng Y, Li W, Zhang Q. Editorial: Immunomodulation of MSCs in tissue repairing and regeneration. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1150106. [PMID: 36860858 PMCID: PMC9969131 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwen Peng
- The Biotherapy Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Yanwen Peng, ; Qunzhou Zhang,
| | - Weiqiang Li
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qunzhou Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,*Correspondence: Yanwen Peng, ; Qunzhou Zhang,
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10
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Burns JS. The Art of Stem Cell-Based Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1420:1-12. [PMID: 37258780 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-30040-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Potency assays represent crucial experiments at the hub of the comprehensive complexity surrounding cell therapy. Moreover, numerous factors beyond biological and scientific considerations are involved in achieving successful potency assays that fulfil regulatory authority approval for a new advanced therapy medicinal product. Though this can mean a frustratingly long period of discovery and development, progress in cell therapy is nowadays proceeding remarkably quickly, assisted by the potency assay rigorously placing emphasis on the need to critically analyse the key factor/s responsible for the therapeutic mechanism of action. History has shown that it can take many decades for there to be an improved understanding of a mechanism of action. Yet the chasing of precise targets has revolutionised medicine, with no clearer example than approaches to viral pandemics. The centuries involved in the eradication of smallpox have paved the way for an unprecedented pace of vaccine development for the Covid-19 pandemic. Such extraordinary accomplishments foster encouragement that similarly for stem cell-based therapy, our scientific knowledge will continue to improve apace. This chapter focuses on the art of experimentation and discovery, introducing potency assay requisites and numerous factors that can influence potency assay outcomes. A comprehensive understanding of potency assays and their development can hasten the provision of new cell therapies to help resolve burdensome diseases of unmet medical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge S Burns
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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11
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Egger D, Lavrentieva A, Kugelmeier P, Kasper C. Physiologic isolation and expansion of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells for manufacturing of cell‐based therapy products. Eng Life Sci 2021; 22:361-372. [PMID: 35382547 PMCID: PMC8961040 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202100097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The utilization of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells raises new hopes in treatment of diseases and pathological conditions, while at the same time bringing immense challenges for researchers, manufacturers and physicians. It is essential to consider all steps along the in vitro fabrication of cell‐based products in order to reach efficient and reproducible treatment outcomes. Here, the optimal protocols for isolation, cultivation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells are required. In this review we discuss these aspects and their influence on the final cell‐based product quality. We demonstrate that physiological in vitro cell cultivation conditions play a crucial role in therapeutic functionalities of cultivated cells. We show that three‐dimensional cell culture, dynamic culture conditions and physiologically relevant in vitro oxygen concentrations during isolation and expansion make a decisive contribution towards the improvement of cell‐based products in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Egger
- Department of Biotechnology University of Natural Resources and Life Science Vienna Austria
| | - Antonina Lavrentieva
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University of Hannover Hannover Germany
| | | | - Cornelia Kasper
- Department of Biotechnology University of Natural Resources and Life Science Vienna Austria
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12
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Laurent A, Abdel-Sayed P, Hirt-Burri N, Scaletta C, Michetti M, de Buys Roessingh A, Raffoul W, Applegate LA. Evolution of Diploid Progenitor Lung Cell Applications: From Optimized Biotechnological Substrates to Potential Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in Respiratory Tract Regenerative Medicine. Cells 2021; 10:2526. [PMID: 34685505 PMCID: PMC8533713 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this review is to describe the evolution of lung tissue-derived diploid progenitor cell applications, ranging from historical biotechnological substrate functions for vaccine production and testing to current investigations around potential therapeutic use in respiratory tract regenerative medicine. Such cell types (e.g., MRC-5 or WI-38 sources) were extensively studied since the 1960s and have been continuously used over five decades as safe and sustainable industrial vaccine substrates. Recent research and development efforts around diploid progenitor lung cells (e.g., FE002-Lu or Walvax-2 sources) consist in qualification for potential use as optimal and renewed vaccine production substrates and, alternatively, for potential therapeutic applications in respiratory tract regenerative medicine. Potentially effective, safe, and sustainable cell therapy approaches for the management of inflammatory lung diseases or affections and related symptoms (e.g., COVID-19 patients and burn patient severe inhalation syndrome) using local homologous allogeneic cell-based or cell-derived product administrations are considered. Overall, lung tissue-derived progenitor cells isolated and produced under good manufacturing practices (GMP) may be used with high versatility. They can either act as key industrial platforms optimally conforming to specific pharmacopoeial requirements or as active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) for potentially effective promotion of lung tissue repair or regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Laurent
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.); (C.S.); (M.M.)
- TEC-PHARMA SA, Manufacturing Department, CH-1038 Bercher, Switzerland
- LAM Biotechnologies SA, Manufacturing Department, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Abdel-Sayed
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.); (C.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Nathalie Hirt-Burri
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.); (C.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Corinne Scaletta
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.); (C.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Murielle Michetti
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.); (C.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Anthony de Buys Roessingh
- Children and Adolescent Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Romand Burn Center, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Wassim Raffoul
- Romand Burn Center, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Plastic, Reconstructive, and Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lee Ann Applegate
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.); (C.S.); (M.M.)
- Romand Burn Center, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Oxford OSCAR Suzhou Center, Oxford University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Mantripragada VP, Boehm C, Bova W, Briskin I, Piuzzi NS, Muschler GF. Patient Age and Cell Concentration Influence Prevalence and Concentration of Progenitors in Bone Marrow Aspirates: An Analysis of 436 Patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2021; 103:1628-1636. [PMID: 33844657 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.20.02055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Connective tissue progenitors (CTPs) resident in native tissues serve as biological building blocks in tissue repair and remodeling processes. Methods for analysis and reporting on CTP quantity and quality are essential for defining optimal cell sources and donor characteristics and the impact of cell processing methods for cell therapy applications. The present study examines the influence of donor characteristics and cell concentration (nucleated cells/mL) on CTP prevalence (CTPs/million nucleated cells) and CTP concentration (CTPs/mL) in bone marrow aspirates (BMAs). METHODS Iliac crest bone marrow was aspirated from 436 patients during elective total knee or hip arthroplasty. Bone marrow-derived nucleated cells were plated at a density of 1.19 × 105 cells/cm2. Colony-forming unit analysis was performed on day 6. RESULTS Large variation was seen between donors. Age (p < 0.05) and cell concentration (p < 0.001) significantly influenced CTP prevalence and CTP concentration. For every 1-year increase in age, the odds of having at least an average CTP prevalence and CTP concentration decreased by 1.5% and 1.6%, respectively. For every 1 million cells/mL increase in cell concentration, the odds of having at least an average CTP prevalence and CTP concentration increased by 2.2% and 7.9%, respectively. Sex, race, body mass index (BMI), and the presence of osteoporosis did not influence CTP prevalence or CTP concentration. CONCLUSIONS BMA-derived CTPs were obtained from all patient groups. CTP prevalence and CTP concentration decreased with age. Cell concentration decreased with age and positively correlated with total CTP prevalence and CTP concentration. The mean CTP concentration in patients >60 years of age was a third of the CTP concentration in patients <30 years of age. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Proper BMA techniques are necessary to obtain a high-quality yield and composition of cells and CTPs. The reduced CTP concentration and CTP prevalence in the elderly may be mitigated by the use of cell processing methods that increase CTP concentration and CTP prevalence (e.g., by removing red blood cells, serum, and non-CTPs or by increasing aspirate volumes). Cell concentration in the BMA can be measured at the point of care and is an appropriate initial assessment of the quality of BMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata P Mantripragada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute (V.P.M., C.B., W.B., and G.F.M), Department of Health Science (I.B.), and Department of Orthopedic Surgery (N.S.P. and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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14
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Optimized Manufacture of Lyophilized Dermal Fibroblasts for Next-Generation Off-the-Shelf Progenitor Biological Bandages in Topical Post-Burn Regenerative Medicine. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9081072. [PMID: 34440276 PMCID: PMC8394413 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cultured fibroblast progenitor cells (FPC) have been studied in Swiss translational regenerative medicine for over two decades, wherein clinical experience was gathered for safely managing burns and refractory cutaneous ulcers. Inherent FPC advantages include high robustness, optimal adaptability to industrial manufacture, and potential for effective repair stimulation of wounded tissues. Major technical bottlenecks in cell therapy development comprise sustainability, stability, and logistics of biological material sources. Herein, we report stringently optimized and up-scaled processing (i.e., cell biobanking and stabilization by lyophilization) of dermal FPCs, with the objective of addressing potential cell source sustainability and stability issues with regard to active substance manufacturing in cutaneous regenerative medicine. Firstly, multi-tiered FPC banking was optimized in terms of overall quality and efficiency by benchmarking key reagents (e.g., medium supplement source, dissociation reagent), consumables (e.g., culture vessels), and technical specifications. Therein, fetal bovine serum batch identity and culture vessel surface were confirmed, among other parameters, to largely impact harvest cell yields. Secondly, FPC stabilization by lyophilization was undertaken and shown to maintain critical functions for devitalized cells in vitro, potentially enabling high logistical gains. Overall, this study provides the technical basis for the elaboration of next-generation off-the-shelf topical regenerative medicine therapeutic products for wound healing and post-burn care.
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15
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Wysong A, Ortiz P, Bittel D, Ott L, Karanu F, Filla M, Stehno-Bittel L. Viability, yield and expansion capability of feline MSCs obtained from subcutaneous and reproductive organ adipose depots. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:244. [PMID: 34266445 PMCID: PMC8281647 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02948-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The source of multipotent stromal cells (MSC) can have a significant influence on the health and expansion capacity of the cells. As the applications for allogeneic MSCs in the treatment of feline diseases increase, the location of the initial donor tissue must be analyzed. To date, comparisons have only been made between feline MSCs collected from bone marrow or abdominal fat. This is the first report to compare cells obtained from different adipose depots in the cat with a focus on clinically relevant donor tissues. The tissue was collected from 34 healthy cats undergoing spaying (fat around the ovaries and uterine horn) or subcutaneous fat collected during surgical procedures. RESULTS The amount of starting material is essential to isolate sufficient MSCs. The total tissue yield from the subcutaneous fat was significantly greater than could be obtained from around the reproductive organs, leading to 3 times more MSCs per donor. However, the concentration of MSCs obtained from reproductive fat was higher than from subcutaneous fat. In addition, the viability of the MSCs from the reproductive fat was significantly higher than the subcutaneous fat. Since most spaying occurs in young cats (under 18 months) reproductive fat was collected from adult cats during spaying, illustrating that age did not alter the yield or viability of the MSCs. When sufficient tissue was collected, it was digested either mechanically or enzymatically. Mechanical digestion further decreased the viability and yield of MSCs from subcutaneous fat compared to enzymatic digestion. Biomarkers of stem cell characterization, expansion capacity and function were detected using qPCR. CD70, CD90 and CD105 were all expressed in high levels in the 3 groups. However, the reproductive fat had higher levels of CD73 with the mechanically digested subcutaneous fat having the least. Gata6 was detected in all samples while Sox2 and Sox17 were also detected with higher quantities found in the enzymatically digested subcutaneous fat. Negative control genes of Gata4 and Pdx1 showed no detection prior to 50 cycles. During the first three passages, age of the donor, location of the donor tissue, or digestion protocol had no effect on cell culture doubling times or cell viability. CONCLUSIONS While MSCs from reproductive fat had superior cells/tissue weight and initial viability, there were still dramatically fewer cells obtained compared to subcutaneous fat due to the limited amount of tissue surrounding the reproductive organs. Further, in P1-P3 cultures there were no differences noted in doubling time or cell viability between tissue obtained from reproductive or subcutaneous fat depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Wysong
- College of Biology, Kansas City University, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Douglas Bittel
- College of Biology, Kansas City University, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Lindsey Ott
- Likarda LLC, 10330 Hickman Mills Drive, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Francis Karanu
- Likarda LLC, 10330 Hickman Mills Drive, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Michael Filla
- College of Biology, Kansas City University, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Lisa Stehno-Bittel
- Likarda LLC, 10330 Hickman Mills Drive, Kansas City, MO, USA.
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, KS, 66160, Kansas City, USA.
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Maruyama M, Moeinzadeh S, Guzman RA, Zhang N, Storaci HW, Utsunomiya T, Lui E, Huang EE, Rhee C, Gao Q, Yao Z, Takagi M, Yang YP, Goodman SB. The efficacy of lapine preconditioned or genetically modified IL4 over-expressing bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in corticosteroid-associated osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rabbits. Biomaterials 2021; 275:120972. [PMID: 34186237 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based therapy for augmentation of core decompression (CD) using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is a promising treatment for early stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Recently, the therapeutic potential for immunomodulation of osteogenesis using preconditioned (with pro-inflammatory cytokines) MSCs (pMSCs), or by the timely resolution of inflammation using MSCs that over-express anti-inflammatory cytokines has been described. Here, pMSCs exposed to tumor necrosis factor-alpha and lipopolysaccharide for 3 days accelerated osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Furthermore, injection of pMSCs encapsulated with injectable hydrogels into the bone tunnel facilitated angiogenesis and osteogenesis in the femoral head in vivo, using rabbit bone marrow-derived MSCs and a model of corticosteroid-associated ONFH in rabbits. In contrast, in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that genetically-modified MSCs that over-express IL4 (IL4-MSCs), established by using a lentiviral vector carrying the rabbit IL4 gene under the cytomegalovirus promoter, accelerated proliferation of MSCs and decreased the percentage of empty lacunae in the femoral head. Therefore, adjunctive cell-based therapy of CD using pMSCs and IL4-MSCs may hold promise to heal osteonecrotic lesions in the early stage ONFH. These interventions must be applied in a temporally sensitive fashion, without interfering with the mandatory acute inflammatory phase of bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Maruyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Seyedsina Moeinzadeh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Roberto Alfonso Guzman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hunter W Storaci
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Takeshi Utsunomiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elaine Lui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elijah Ejun Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Claire Rhee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michiaki Takagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yunzhi Peter Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Material Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Schmitz C, Potekhina E, Belousov VV, Lavrentieva A. Hypoxia Onset in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids: Monitoring With Hypoxia Reporter Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:611837. [PMID: 33614611 PMCID: PMC7892969 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.611837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic and differentiation potential of human mesenchymal stems cells (hMSCs) makes these cells a promising candidate for cellular therapies and tissue engineering. On the path of a successful medical application of hMSC, the cultivation of cells in a three-dimensional (3D) environment was a landmark for the transition from simple two-dimensional (2D) testing platforms to complex systems that mimic physiological in vivo conditions and can improve hMSC curative potential as well as survival after implantation. A 3D arrangement of cells can be mediated by scaffold materials where cells get entrapped in pores, or by the fabrication of spheroids, scaffold-free self-organized cell aggregates that express their own extracellular matrix. Independently from the cultivation method, cells expanded in 3D experience an inhomogeneous microenvironment. Many gradients in nutrient supply, oxygen supply, and waste disposal from one hand mimic in vivo microenvironment, but also put every cell in the 3D construct in a different context. Since oxygen concentration in spheroids is compromised in a size-dependent manner, it is crucial to have a closer insight on the thresholds of hypoxic response in such systems. In this work, we want to improve our understanding of oxygen availability and consequensing hypoxia onset in hMSC spheroids. Therefore, we utilized human adipose tissue-derived MSCs (hAD-MSCs) modified with a genetical sensor construct to reveal (I) the influence of spheroid production methods and (II) hMSCs cell number per spheroid to detect the onset of hypoxia in aggregates. We could demonstrate that not only higher cell numbers of MSCs, but also spheroid formation method plays a critical role in onset of hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Schmitz
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Potekhina
- Department of Metabolism and Redox Biology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod V Belousov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Biomedical Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Antonina Lavrentieva
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
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Kirsch M, Rach J, Handke W, Seltsam A, Pepelanova I, Strauß S, Vogt P, Scheper T, Lavrentieva A. Comparative Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Cultivation in Fetal Calf Serum, Human Serum, and Platelet Lysate in 2D and 3D Systems. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:598389. [PMID: 33520956 PMCID: PMC7844400 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.598389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cultivation of mammalian cells requires supplementation with serum. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in clinical trials for bioregenerative medicine and in most cases, in vitro expansion and differentiation of these cells are required before application. Optimized expansion and differentiation protocols play a key role in the treatment outcome. 3D cell cultivation systems are more comparable to in vivo conditions and can provide both, more physiological MSC expansion and a better understanding of intercellular and cell-matrix interactions. Xeno-free cultivation conditions minimize risks of immune response after implantation. Human platelet lysate (hPL) appears to be a valuable alternative to widely used fetal calf serum (FCS) since no ethical issues are associated with its harvest, it contains a high concentration of growth factors and cytokines and it can be produced from expired platelet concentrate. In this study, we analyzed and compared proliferation, as well as osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived MSCs (hAD-MSC) using three different supplements: FCS, human serum (HS), and hPL in 2D. Furthermore, online monitoring of osteogenic differentiation under the influence of different supplements was performed in 2D. hPL-cultivated MSCs exhibited a higher proliferation and differentiation rate compared to HS- or FCS-cultivated cells. We demonstrated a fast and successful chondrogenic differentiation in the 2D system with the addition of hPL. Additionally, FCS, HS, and hPL were used to formulate Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels in order to evaluate the influence of the different supplements on the cell spreading and proliferation of cells growing in 3D culture. In addition, the hydrogel constructs were cultivated in media supplemented with three different supplements. In comparison to FCS and HS, the addition of hPL to GelMA hydrogels during the encapsulation of hAD-MSCs resulted in enhanced cell spreading and proliferation. This effect was promoted even further by cultivating the hydrogel constructs in hPL-supplemented media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marline Kirsch
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Jessica Rach
- German Red Cross Blood Service NSTOB, Institute Springe, Springe, Germany
| | - Wiebke Handke
- Bavarian Red Cross Blood Service, Institute Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Axel Seltsam
- Bavarian Red Cross Blood Service, Institute Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Iliyana Pepelanova
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Sarah Strauß
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Peter Vogt
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
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Wang LT, Lee YW, Bai CH, Chiang HC, Wang HH, Yen BL, Yen ML. A Rapid and Highly Predictive in vitro Screening Platform for Osteogenic Natural Compounds Using Human Runx2 Transcriptional Activity in Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:607383. [PMID: 33537299 PMCID: PMC7849832 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.607383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid aging of worldwide populations had led to epidemic increases in the incidence of osteoporosis (OP), but while treatments are available, high cost, adverse effects, and poor compliance continue to be significant problems. Naturally occurring plant-based compounds including phytoestrogens can be good and safe candidates to treat OP, but screening for osteogenic capacity has been difficult to achieve, largely due to the requirement of using primary osteoblasts or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the progenitors of osteoblasts, to conduct time-consuming in vitro and in vivo osteogenic assay. Taking advantage of MSC osteogenic capacity and utilizing a promoter reporter assay for Runx2, the master osteogenesis transcription factor, we developed a rapid in vitro screening platform to screen osteogenic small molecules including natural plant-based compounds. We screened eight plant-derived compounds from different families including flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds, alkaloids, and isothiocyanates for osteogenic capacity using the human RUNX2-promoter luciferase reporter (hRUNX2-luc) transduced into the mouse MSC line, C3H10T1/2, with daidzein-a well-studied osteogenic phytoestrogen-as a positive control. Classical in vitro and in vivo osteogenesis assays were performed using primary murine and human bone marrow MSCs (BMMSCs) to validate the accuracy of this rapid screening platform. Using the MSC/hRUNX2-luc screening platform, we were able not only to shorten the selection process for osteogenic compounds from 3∼4 weeks to just a few days but also simultaneously perform comparisons between multiple compounds to assess relative osteogenic potency. Predictive analyses revealed nearly absolute correlation of the MSC/hRUNX2-luc reporter platform to the in vitro classical functional assay of mineralization using murine BMMSCs. Validation using human BMMSCs with in vitro mineralization and in vivo osteogenesis assays also demonstrated nearly absolute correlation to the MSC/hRUNX2-luc reporter results. Our findings therefore demonstrate that the MSC/hRUNX2 reporter platform can accurately, rapidly, and robustly screen for candidate osteogenic compounds and thus be relevant for therapeutic application in OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Tzu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University (NTU) Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Lee
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chyi-Huey Bai
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Chiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University (NTU) Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Huan Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - B. Linju Yen
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cathay General Hospital Shiji, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Men-Luh Yen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University (NTU) Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Reischl S, Wilhelm D, Friess H, Neumann PA. Innovative approaches for induction of gastrointestinal anastomotic healing: an update on experimental and clinical aspects. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2020; 406:971-980. [PMID: 32803330 PMCID: PMC8208906 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-020-01957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In most cases, traditional techniques to perform an anastomosis following gastrointestinal resections lead to successful healing. However, despite focused research in the field, in certain high-risk situations leakage rates remain almost unchanged. Here, additional techniques may help the surgeon to protect the anastomosis and prevent leakage. We give an overview of some of the latest developments on experimental and clinical techniques for induction of anastomotic healing. METHODS We performed a review of the current literature on approaches to improve anastomotic healing. RESULTS Many promising approaches with a high clinical potential are in the developmental pipeline. Highly experimental approaches like inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases, stem cell therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, induction of the hypoxic adaptive response, and the administration of growth factors are still in the preclinical phase. Other more clinical developments aim to strengthen the anastomotic suture line mechanically while shielding it from the influence of the microbiome. Among them are gluing, seaming the staple line, attachment of laminar biomaterials, and temporary intraluminal tubes. In addition, individualized bowel preparation, selectively reducing certain detrimental microbial populations could become the next stage of bowel preparation. Compression anastomoses are evolving as an equivalent technique additional to established hand-sewn and stapled anastomoses. Fluorescence angiography and flexible endoscopy could complement intraoperative quality control additionally to the air leak tests. Virtual ileostomy is a concept to prepare the bowel for the easy formation of a stoma in case of leakage. CONCLUSION A variety of promising diagnostic and prophylactic measures that may support the surgeon in identifying high-risk anastomoses and support them according to their potential deficits is currently in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Reischl
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Wilhelm
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp-Alexander Neumann
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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