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Inflammation in myocardial infarction: roles of mesenchymal stem cells and their secretome. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:452. [DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01235-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractInflammation plays crucial roles in the regulation of pathophysiological processes involved in injury, repair and remodeling of the infarcted heart; hence, it has become a promising target to improve the prognosis of myocardial infarction (MI). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) serve as an effective and innovative treatment option for cardiac repair owing to their paracrine effects and immunomodulatory functions. In fact, transplanted MSCs have been shown to accumulate at injury sites of heart, exerting multiple effects including immunomodulation, regulating macrophages polarization, modulating the activation of T cells, NK cells and dendritic cells and alleviating pyroptosis of non-immune cells. Many studies also proved that preconditioning of MSCs can enhance their inflammation-regulatory effects. In this review, we provide an overview on the current understanding of the mechanisms on MSCs and their secretome regulating inflammation and immune cells after myocardial infarction and shed light on the applications of MSCs in the treatment of cardiac infarction.
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Golinelli G, Talami R, Frabetti S, Candini O, Grisendi G, Spano C, Chiavelli C, Arnaud GF, Mari G, Dominici M. A 3D Platform to Investigate Dynamic Cell-to-Cell Interactions Between Tumor Cells and Mesenchymal Progenitors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:767253. [PMID: 35111750 PMCID: PMC8802911 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.767253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We here investigated the dynamic cell-to-cell interactions between tumor and mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) by the novel VITVOⓇ 3D bioreactor that was customized to develop in vivo-like metastatic nodules of Ewing’s sarcoma (ES). MSCs are known to contribute to tumor microenvironment as cancer associated fibroblast (CAF) precursors and, for this reason, they have also been used as anti-cancer tools. Using dynamic conditions, the process of tissue colonization and formation of metastatic niches was recreated through tumor cell migration aiming to mimic ES development in patients. ES is an aggressive tumor representing the second most common malignant bone cancer in children and young adults. An urgent and unmet need exists for the development of novel treatment strategies to improve the outcomes of metastatic ES. The tumor-tropic ability of MSCs offers an alternative approach, in which these cells can be used as vehicles for the delivery of antitumor molecules, such as the proapoptotic TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL). However, the therapeutic targeting of metastases remains challenging and the interaction occurring between tumor cells and MSCs has not yet been deeply investigated. Setting up in vitro and in vivo models to study this interaction is a prerequisite for novel approaches where MSCs affinity for tumor is optimized to ultimately increase their therapeutic efficacy. Here, VITVOⓇ integrating a customized scaffold with an increased inter-fiber distance (VITVO50) was used to develop a dynamic model where MSCs and tumor nodules were evaluated under flow conditions. Colonization and interaction between cell populations were explored by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). VITVO50 findings were then applied in vivo. An ES metastatic model was established in NSG mice and biodistribution of TRAIL-expressing MSCs in mice organs affected by metastases was investigated using a 4-plex ddPCR assay. VITVOⓇ proved to be an easy handling and versatile bioreactor to develop in vivo-like tumor nodules and investigate dynamic cell-to-cell interactions with MSCs. The proposed fluidic system promises to facilitate the understanding of tumor-stroma interaction for the development of novel tumor targeting strategies, simplifying the analysis of in vivo data, and ultimately accelerating the progress towards the early clinical phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Golinelli
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giulia Golinelli, ; Massimo Dominici,
| | - Rebecca Talami
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | | | - Giulia Grisendi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Chiavelli
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gaëlle F. Arnaud
- Science and Technology Park for Medicine, Tecnopolo di Mirandola “Mario Veronesi”, Mirandola, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mari
- Rigenerand Srl, Medolla, Modena, Italy
- Science and Technology Park for Medicine, Tecnopolo di Mirandola “Mario Veronesi”, Mirandola, Italy
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Rigenerand Srl, Medolla, Modena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giulia Golinelli, ; Massimo Dominici,
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Mulorz J, Shayan M, Hu C, Alcazar C, Chan AHP, Briggs M, Wen Y, Walvekar AP, Ramasubramanian AK, Spin JM, Chen B, Tsao PS, Huang NF. peri-Adventitial delivery of smooth muscle cells in porous collagen scaffolds for treatment of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:6903-6914. [PMID: 34522940 PMCID: PMC8511090 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00685a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is associated with the loss of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) within the vessel wall. Direct delivery of therapeutic cells is challenging due to impaired mechanical integrity of the vessel wall. We hypothesized that porous collagen scaffolds can be an effective vehicle for the delivery of human-derived SMCs to the site of AAA. The purpose was to evaluate if the delivery of cell-seeded scaffolds can abrogate progressive expansion in a mouse model of AAA. Collagen scaffolds seeded with either primary human aortic SMCs or induced pluripotent stem cell derived-smooth muscle progenitor cells (iPSC-SMPs) had >80% in vitro cell viability and >75% cell penetrance through the scaffold's depth, while preserving smooth muscle phenotype. The cell-seeded scaffolds were successfully transplanted onto the murine aneurysm peri-adventitia on day 7 following AAA induction using pancreatic porcine elastase infusion. Ultrasound imaging revealed that SMC-seeded scaffolds significantly reduced the aortic diameter by 28 days, compared to scaffolds seeded with iPSC-SMPs or without cells (acellular scaffold), respectively. Bioluminescence imaging demonstrated that both cell-seeded scaffold groups had cellular localization to the aneurysm but a decline in survival with time. Histological analysis revealed that both cell-seeded scaffold groups had more SMC retention and less macrophage invasion into the medial layer of AAA lesions, when compared to the acellular scaffold treatment group. Our data suggest that scaffold-based SMC delivery is feasible and may constitute a platform for cell-based AAA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Mulorz
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mahdis Shayan
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Caroline Hu
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - Cynthia Alcazar
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - Alex H P Chan
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mason Briggs
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yan Wen
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ankita P Walvekar
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Anand K Ramasubramanian
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Joshua M Spin
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bertha Chen
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Philip S Tsao
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ngan F Huang
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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