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Li Z, Cui Z, Wang X, Lv Y. Knockdown of LRCH4 Remodels Tumor Microenvironment Through Inhibiting YAP and TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:1823-1829. [PMID: 38383956 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073267943231101065948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies worldwide. LRCH4 is the top 1 gene associated with an unfavorable prognosis in colorectal cancer. METHODS Here, we reported that the knockdown of LRCH4 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion in HT29 cells. RESULTS The activity of Yes-Associated Protein (YAP), a transcription factor in the Hppo-YAP signaling pathway, was significantly inhibited by LRCH4-siRNA. LRCH4 knockdown also reversed the EMT and regulated the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, Fibronectin and Collagen IV in HT29 cells. In addition, the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, as the downstream pathway of Yap, was also inhibited by LRCH4 knockdown. CONCLUSION Knockdown of LRCH4 involved in the regulation of ECM and EMT and inhibited YAP and the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in colorectal cancer cells. Our study provided a mechanism of LRCH4 on colorectal cancer cells, and a new potential target for clinical tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Li
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenhua Cui
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianren Wang
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanfeng Lv
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Cattani-Cavalieri I, Li Y, Margolis J, Bogard A, Roosan MR, Ostrom RS. Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis reveals unique cAMP signaling pools emanating from AC2 and AC6 in human airway smooth muscle cells. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1149063. [PMID: 36926196 PMCID: PMC10011497 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1149063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human airway smooth muscle (HASM) is the primary target of ßAR agonists used to control airway hypercontractility in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ßAR agonists induce the production of cAMP by adenylyl cyclases (ACs), activate PKA and cause bronchodilation. Several other G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) expressed in human airway smooth muscle cells transduce extracellular signals through cAMP but these receptors elicit different cellular responses. Some G-protein coupled receptors couple to distinct adenylyl cyclases isoforms with different localization, partly explaining this compartmentation, but little is known about the downstream networks that result. We used quantitative phosphoproteomics to define the downstream signaling networks emanating from cAMP produced by two adenylyl cyclases isoforms with contrasting localization in uman airway smooth muscle. After a short stimulus of adenylyl cyclases activity using forskolin, phosphopeptides were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and differences between cells overexpressing AC2 (localized in non-raft membranes) or AC6 (localized in lipid raft membranes) were compared to control human airway smooth muscle. The degree of AC2 and AC6 overexpression was titrated to generate roughly equal forskolin-stimulated cAMP production. 14 Differentially phosphorylated proteins (DPPs) resulted from AC2 activity and 34 differentially phosphorylated proteins resulted from AC6 activity. Analysis of these hits with the STRING protein interaction tool showed that AC2 signaling is more associated with modifications in RNA/DNA binding proteins and microtubule/spindle body proteins while AC6 signaling is associated with proteins regulating autophagy, calcium-calmodulin (Ca2+/CaM) signaling, Rho GTPases and cytoskeletal regulation. One protein, OFD1, was regulated in opposite directions, with serine 899 phosphorylation increased in the AC6 condition 1.5-fold but decreased to 0.46-fold by AC2. In conclusion, quantitative phosphoproteomics is a powerful tool for deciphering the complex signaling networks resulting from discreet signaling events that occur in cAMP compartments. Our data show key differences in the cAMP pools generated from AC2 and AC6 activity and imply that distinct cellular responses are regulated by these two compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Cattani-Cavalieri
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Jordyn Margolis
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Amy Bogard
- AB Research LLC, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Moom R. Roosan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Rennolds S. Ostrom
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, United States
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Protasova MS, Gusev FE, Andreeva TV, Klyushnikov SA, Illarioshkin SN, Rogaev EI. Novel genes bearing mutations in rare cases of early-onset ataxia with cerebellar hypoplasia. Eur J Hum Genet 2022; 30:703-711. [PMID: 35351988 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose an approach for the identification of mutant genes for rare diseases in single cases of unknown etiology. All genes with rare biologically significant variants sorted from individual exome data are tested further for profiling of their spatial-temporal and cell/tissue specific expression compared to that of their paralogs. We developed a simple bioinformatics tool ("Essential Paralogue by Expression" (EPbE)) for such analysis. Here, we present rare clinical forms of early ataxia with cerebellar hypoplasia. Using whole-exome sequencing and the EPbE tool, we identified two novel mutant genes previously not associated with congenital human diseases. In Family I, the unique missense mutation (p.Lys258Glu) was found in the LRCH2 gene inherited in an X-linked manner. p.Lys258Glu occurs in the evolutionarily invariant site of the leucine-rich repeat domain of LRCH2. In Family II and Family III, the identical genetic variant was found in the CSMD1 gene inherited as an autosomal-recessive trait. The variant leads to amino acid substitution p.Gly2979Ser in a highly conserved region of the complement-interacting domain of CSMD1. The LRCH2 gene for Family I patients (in which congenital cerebellar hypoplasia was associated with demyelinating polyneuropathy) is expressed in Schwann and precursor Schwann cells and predominantly over its paralogous genes in the developing cerebellar cortex. The CSMD1 gene is predominantly expressed over its paralogous genes in the cerebellum, specifically in the period of late childhood. Thus, the comparative spatial-temporal expression of the selected genes corresponds to the neurological manifestations of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria S Protasova
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Genomics and Human Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333, Moscow, Russia
| | - Fedor E Gusev
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Genomics and Human Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Andreeva
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Genomics and Human Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A Klyushnikov
- Department of Neurogenetics, Research Center of Neurology, 123367, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Evgeny I Rogaev
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Genomics and Human Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333, Moscow, Russia. .,Center for Genetics and Life Science, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340, Sochi, Russia. .,Department of Psychiatry, UMass Chan Medical School, Shrewsbury, MA, 01545, USA.
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Kim JH, Kim DH, Lim YH, Shin CH, Lee YA, Kim BN, Kim JI, Hong YC. Childhood Obesity-Related Mechanisms: MicroRNome and Transcriptome Changes in a Nested Case-Control Study. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080878. [PMID: 34440082 PMCID: PMC8389653 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity could contribute to adulthood obesity, leading to adverse health outcomes in adults. However, the mechanisms for how obesity is developed are still unclear. To determine the epigenome-wide and genome-wide expression changes related with childhood obesity, we compared microRNome and transcriptome levels as well as leptin protein levels in whole bloods of 12 obese and 24 normal children aged 6 years. miR-328-3p, miR-1301-3p, miR-4685-3p, and miR-6803-3p were negatively associated with all obesity indicators. The four miRNAs were also associated with 3948 mRNAs, and separate 475 mRNAs (185 among 3948 mRNAs) were associated with all obesity indicators. The 2533 mRNAs (64.2%) among the 3948 mRNAs and 286 mRNAs (60.2%) among the 475 mRNAs were confirmed as targets of the four miRNAs in public databases through miRWalk 2.0. Leptin protein was associated with miR-6803-3p negatively and all obesity indicators positively. Using DAVID bioinformatics resources 6.8, top three pathways for obesity-related gene set were metabolic pathways, pathways in cancer, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The top three obesity-related disease classes were metabolic, cardiovascular, and chemdependency. Our results support that childhood obesity could be developed through miRNAs-related epigenetic mechanism and, further, these obesity-related epigenetic changes could control the pathways related with the development of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.H.K.); (Y.-C.H.)
| | - Da Hae Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (C.H.S.); (Y.A.L.)
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (C.H.S.); (Y.A.L.)
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- Division of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Johanna Inhyang Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.H.K.); (Y.-C.H.)
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