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Sarkar A, Paul A, Banerjee T, Maji A, Saha S, Bishayee A, Maity TK. Therapeutic advancements in targeting BCL-2 family proteins by epigenetic regulators, natural, and synthetic agents in cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 944:175588. [PMID: 36791843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is amongst the deadliest and most disruptive disorders, having a much higher death rate than other diseases worldwide. Human cancer rates continue to rise, thereby posing the most significant concerns for medical health professionals. In the last two decades, researchers have gone past several milestones in tackling cancer while gaining insight into the role of apoptosis in cancer or targeting various biomarker tools for prognosis and diagnosis. Apoptosis which is still a topic full of complexities, can be controlled considerably by B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) and its family members. Therefore, targeting proteins of this family to prevent tumorigenesis, is essential to focus on the pharmacological features of the anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic members, which will help to develop and manage this disorder. This review deals with the advancements of various epigenetic regulators to target BCL-2 family proteins, including the mechanism of several microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Similarly, a rise in natural and synthetic molecules' research over the last two decades has allowed us to acquire insights into understanding and managing the transcriptional alterations that have led to apoptosis and treating various neoplastic diseases. Furthermore, several inhibitors targeting anti-apoptotic proteins and inducers or activators targeting pro-apoptotic proteins in preclinical and clinical stages have been summarized. Overall, agonistic and antagonistic mechanisms of BCL-2 family proteins conciliated by epigenetic regulators, natural and synthetic agents have proven to be an excellent choice in developing cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Abhik Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Tanmoy Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Avik Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Sanjukta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
| | - Tapan Kumar Maity
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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Farzaneh M, Nasrolahi A, Ghaedrahmati F, Masoodi T, Najafi S, Sheykhi-Sabzehpoush M, Dari MAG, Radoszkiewicz K, Uddin S, Azizidoost S, Khoshnam SE. Potential roles of lncRNA-XIST/miRNAs/mRNAs in human cancer cells. Clin Transl Oncol 2023:10.1007/s12094-023-03110-y. [PMID: 36853400 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that contain more than 200 nucleotides but do not code for proteins. In tumorigenesis, lncRNAs can have both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive properties. X inactive-specific transcript (XIST) is a known lncRNA that has been implicated in X chromosome silencing in female cells. Dysregulation of XIST is associated with an increased risk of various cancers. Therefore, XIST can be a beneficial prognostic biomarker for human malignancies. In this review, we attempt to summarize the emerging roles of XIST in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ava Nasrolahi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahrokh Abouali Gale Dari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Klaudia Radoszkiewicz
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Li Q, Huo Y, Wang S, Yang L, Li Q, Du X. TGF-β1 regulates the lncRNA transcriptome of ovarian granulosa cells in a transcription activity-dependent manner. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13336. [PMID: 36125095 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), an essential cytokine belongs to TGF-β superfamily, is crucial for female fertility. Increasing evidence show that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) influence the state of granulosa cells (GCs). This study aimed to detect the effects of TGF-β1 on the lncRNA transcriptome, and investigate whether lncRNAs mediate the functions of TGF-β1 in GCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS RNA-seq and bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify and characterize the differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs). The regulatory mechanism of TGF-β1 to lncRNA transcriptome was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. The effects of lncRNAs on the antiapoptotic and proproliferative functions of TGF-β1 were examined by morphological analysis, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, Cell Counting Kit-8, and Western blot. RESULTS A total of 72 DElncRNAs highly sensitive to TGF-β1 were identified with the criteria of |log2 (fold chage)| ≥ 3 and false discovery rate < 0.05. Functional assessment showed that DElncRNAs were enriched in TGF-β, nuclear factor kappa B, p53, and Hippo pathways which are crucial for the normal state and function of GCs. Importantly, SMAD4 is essential for the regulation of TGF-β1 to lncRNA transcriptome. In vitro studies confirmed that TGF-β1 induced TEX14-IT1 transcription in a SMAD4-dependent manner, and TEX14-IT1 mediated the antiapoptotic and proproliferative effects of TGF-β1 in GCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that TGF-β1 alters lncRNA transcriptome in a SMAD4-dependent manner, and highlight that lncRNAs mediate the functions of TGF-β1 in GCs, which contribute to a better understanding of the epigenetic regulation of female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Li
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yangan Huo
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qifa Li
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Du
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Lift the curtain on long non-coding RNAs in hematological malignancies: Pathogenic elements and potential targets. Cancer Lett 2022; 536:215645. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Liu Y, Yang H, Liu Q, Pan M, Wang D, Pan S, Zhang W, Wei J, Zhao X, Ji J. Selenocystine-Derived Label-Free Fluorescent Schiff Base Nanocomplex for siRNA Delivery Synergistically Kills Cancer Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041302. [PMID: 35209090 PMCID: PMC8878402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemo and siRNA synergic treatments for tumors is a promising new therapeutic trend. Selenocystine, a selenium analog of cysteine, has been considered a potential antitumor agent due to its redox perturbing role. In this study, we developed a nanocarrier for siRNA based on a selenocystine analog engineered polyetherimide and achieved traceable siRNA delivery and the synergic killing of tumor cells. Notably, we applied the label-free Schiff base fluorescence mechanism, which enabled us to trace the siRNA delivery and to monitor the selenocystine analogs’ local performance. A novel selenocystine-derived fluorescent Schiff base linker was used to crosslink the polyetherimide, thereby generating a traceable siRNA delivery vehicle with green fluorescence. Moreover, we found that this compound induced tumor cells to undergo senescence. Together with the delivery of a siRNA targeting the anti-apoptotic BCL-xl/w genes in senescent cells, it achieved a synergistic inhibition function by inducing both senescence and apoptosis of tumor cells. Therefore, this study provides insights into the development of label-free probes, prodrugs, and materials towards the synergic strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Haoying Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-Nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (H.Y.); (Q.L.); (M.P.); (S.P.); (W.Z.)
| | - Qian Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-Nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (H.Y.); (Q.L.); (M.P.); (S.P.); (W.Z.)
| | - Mingming Pan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-Nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (H.Y.); (Q.L.); (M.P.); (S.P.); (W.Z.)
| | - Danli Wang
- Zhoushan Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316004, China;
| | - Shiyuan Pan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-Nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (H.Y.); (Q.L.); (M.P.); (S.P.); (W.Z.)
| | - Weiran Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-Nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (H.Y.); (Q.L.); (M.P.); (S.P.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jinfeng Wei
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-Nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (H.Y.); (Q.L.); (M.P.); (S.P.); (W.Z.)
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (X.Z.); (J.J.)
| | - Xiaowei Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-Nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (H.Y.); (Q.L.); (M.P.); (S.P.); (W.Z.)
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (X.Z.); (J.J.)
| | - Junfeng Ji
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (X.Z.); (J.J.)
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Long non-coding RNA Xist contribution in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Immunol 2022; 236:108937. [PMID: 35114365 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.108937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence points towards the role of the long non-coding (lnc)-RNA Xist expressed in female cells as a predominant key actor for the sex bias observed in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Indeed, in female cells, lnc-Xist controls transcription directly by spreading across the inactivated X chromosome (Xi) and indirectly by sequestring miRNAs as a sponge. The inactivation process at Xi is altered in lymphocytes from SLE women and associated with important variations in ribonucleoproteins (RNP) associated with lnc-Xist. In fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and osteoclasts from RA women, proinflammatory and proliferative pathways are upregulated due to the sequestration effect exerted by lnc-Xist overexpression on miRNAs. The key role played by lnc-Xist in SLE and RA is further supported by it's knock down that recapitulates the SLE B cell extrafollicular profile and controls RA associated FLS proinflammatory cytokine production and proliferation.
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The lncRNAs at X Chromosome Inactivation Center: Not Just a Matter of Sex Dosage Compensation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020611. [PMID: 35054794 PMCID: PMC8775829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) constitute the majority of the transcriptome, as the result of pervasive transcription of the mammalian genome. Different RNA species, such as lncRNAs, miRNAs, circRNA, mRNAs, engage in regulatory networks based on their reciprocal interactions, often in a competitive manner, in a way denominated “competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks” (“ceRNET”): miRNAs and other ncRNAs modulate each other, since miRNAs can regulate the expression of lncRNAs, which in turn regulate miRNAs, titrating their availability and thus competing with the binding to other RNA targets. The unbalancing of any network component can derail the entire regulatory circuit acting as a driving force for human diseases, thus assigning “new” functions to “old” molecules. This is the case of XIST, the lncRNA characterized in the early 1990s and well known as the essential molecule for X chromosome inactivation in mammalian females, thus preventing an imbalance of X-linked gene expression between females and males. Currently, literature concerning XIST biology is becoming dominated by miRNA associations and they are also gaining prominence for other lncRNAs produced by the X-inactivation center. This review discusses the available literature to explore possible novel functions related to ceRNA activity of lncRNAs produced by the X-inactivation center, beyond their role in dosage compensation, with prospective implications for emerging gender-biased functions and pathological mechanisms.
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