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Lu Y, Yang L, Feng Q, Liu Y, Sun X, Liu D, Qiao L, Liu Z. RNA 5-Methylcytosine Modification: Regulatory Molecules, Biological Functions, and Human Diseases. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2024; 22:qzae063. [PMID: 39340806 PMCID: PMC11634542 DOI: 10.1093/gpbjnl/qzae063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
RNA methylation modifications influence gene expression, and disruptions of these processes are often associated with various human diseases. The common RNA methylation modification 5-methylcytosine (m5C), which is dynamically regulated by writers, erasers, and readers, widely occurs in transfer RNAs (tRNAs), messenger RNAs (mRNAs), ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), and other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). RNA m5C modification regulates metabolism, stability, nuclear export, and translation of RNA molecules. An increasing number of studies have revealed the critical roles of the m5C RNA modification and its regulators in the development, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of various human diseases. In this review, we summarized the recent studies on RNA m5C modification and discussed the advances in its detection methodologies, distribution, and regulators. Furthermore, we addressed the significance of RNAs modified with m5C marks in essential biological processes as well as in the development of various human disorders, from neurological diseases to cancers. This review provides a new perspective on the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of human diseases by elucidating the complex regulatory network of the epigenetic m5C modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Lu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Dongwei Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Long Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Wang K, Wang Y, Li Y, Fang B, Li B, Cheng W, Wang K, Yang S. The potential of RNA methylation in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. iScience 2024; 27:110524. [PMID: 39165846 PMCID: PMC11334793 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA methylation has emerged as a dynamic regulatory mechanism that impacts gene expression and protein synthesis. Among the known RNA methylation modifications, N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), 3-methylcytosine (m3C), and N7-methylguanosine (m7G) have been studied extensively. In particular, m6A is the most abundant RNA modification and has attracted significant attention due to its potential effect on multiple biological processes. Recent studies have demonstrated that RNA methylation plays an important role in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). To identify key pathogenic genes of CVD and potential therapeutic targets, we reviewed several common RNA methylation and summarized the research progress of RNA methylation in diverse CVDs, intending to inspire effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - YuQin Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - YingHui Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Bo Fang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Bo Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - SuMin Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
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Zhang H, Li H, Yao J, Zhao M, Zhang C. The mutation of NSUN5 R295C promotes preeclampsia by impairing decidualization through downregulating IL-11Rα. iScience 2024; 27:108899. [PMID: 38559585 PMCID: PMC10978358 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disorder that severely impairs maternal and fetal health. However, its pathogenesis remains elusive. NOP2/Sun5 (NSUN5) is an RNA methyltransferase. This study discovered a significant correlation between rs77133388 of NSUN5 and PE in a cohort of 868 severe PE patients and 982 healthy controls. To further explore this association, the researchers generated single-base mutant mice (NSUN5 R295C) at rs77133388. The pregnant NSUN5 R295C mice exhibited PE symptoms. Additionally, compared to the controls, the decidual area of the placenta was significantly reduced in NSUN5 R295C mice, and their decidualization was impaired with a significantly decrease in polyploid cell numbers after artificially induced decidualization. The study also found a decrease in phosphorylated JAK2, STAT3, and IL-11Rα, Cyclin D3 expression in NSUN5 R295C mice. Overall, these findings suggest that NSUN5 mutation potentially alters decidualization through the IL-11Rα/JAK2/STAT3/Cyclin D3 pathway, ultimately impairing placental development and contributing to PE occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongya Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jiatong Yao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250001, China
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Wang C, Hou X, Guan Q, Zhou H, Zhou L, Liu L, Liu J, Li F, Li W, Liu H. RNA modification in cardiovascular disease: implications for therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:412. [PMID: 37884527 PMCID: PMC10603151 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01638-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world, with a high incidence and a youth-oriented tendency. RNA modification is ubiquitous and indispensable in cell, maintaining cell homeostasis and function by dynamically regulating gene expression. Accumulating evidence has revealed the role of aberrant gene expression in CVD caused by dysregulated RNA modification. In this review, we focus on nine common RNA modifications: N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N7-methylguanosine (m7G), N4-acetylcytosine (ac4C), pseudouridine (Ψ), uridylation, adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, and modifications of U34 on tRNA wobble. We summarize the key regulators of RNA modification and their effects on gene expression, such as RNA splicing, maturation, transport, stability, and translation. Then, based on the classification of CVD, the mechanisms by which the disease occurs and progresses through RNA modifications are discussed. Potential therapeutic strategies, such as gene therapy, are reviewed based on these mechanisms. Herein, some of the CVD (such as stroke and peripheral vascular disease) are not included due to the limited availability of literature. Finally, the prospective applications and challenges of RNA modification in CVD are discussed for the purpose of facilitating clinical translation. Moreover, we look forward to more studies exploring the mechanisms and roles of RNA modification in CVD in the future, as there are substantial uncultivated areas to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Center for Gene Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuyang Hou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Center for Gene Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Guan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Center for Gene Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huiling Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Center for Gene Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Pathology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Center for Gene Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jijia Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Haidan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Clinical Center for Gene Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Chen ZB, He M, Li JYS, Shyy JYJ, Chien S. Epitranscriptional Regulation: From the Perspectives of Cardiovascular Bioengineering. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2023; 25:157-184. [PMID: 36913673 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-081922-021233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The central dogma of gene expression involves DNA transcription to RNA and RNA translation into protein. As key intermediaries and modifiers, RNAs undergo various forms of modifications such as methylation, pseudouridylation, deamination, and hydroxylation. These modifications, termed epitranscriptional regulations, lead to functional changes in RNAs. Recent studies have demonstrated crucial roles for RNA modifications in gene translation, DNA damage response, and cell fate regulation. Epitranscriptional modifications play an essential role in development, mechanosensing, atherogenesis, and regeneration in the cardiovascular (CV) system, and their elucidation is critically important to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying CV physiology and pathophysiology. This review aims at providing biomedical engineers with an overview of the epitranscriptome landscape, related key concepts, recent findings in epitranscriptional regulations, and tools for epitranscriptome analysis. The potential applications of this important field in biomedical engineering research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Bouman Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Ming He
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Julie Yi-Shuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
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Gu X, Ma X, Chen C, Guan J, Wang J, Wu S, Zhu H. Vital roles of m 5C RNA modification in cancer and immune cell biology. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1207371. [PMID: 37325635 PMCID: PMC10264696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1207371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA modification plays an important role in epigenetics at the posttranscriptional level, and 5-methylcytosine (m5C) has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to the improvement in RNA m5C site detection methods. By influencing transcription, transportation and translation, m5C modification of mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, lncRNA and other RNAs has been proven to affect gene expression and metabolism and is associated with a wide range of diseases, including malignant cancers. RNA m5C modifications also substantially impact the tumor microenvironment (TME) by targeting different groups of immune cells, including B cells, T cells, macrophages, granulocytes, NK cells, dendritic cells and mast cells. Alterations in immune cell expression, infiltration and activation are highly linked to tumor malignancy and patient prognosis. This review provides a novel and holistic examination of m5C-mediated cancer development by examining the exact mechanisms underlying the oncogenicity of m5C RNA modification and summarizing the biological effects of m5C RNA modification on tumor cells as well as immune cells. Understanding methylation-related tumorigenesis can provide useful insights for the diagnosis as well as the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haihong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Wang J, Ju HJ, Zhang F, Tian H, Wang WG, Ma YL, Xu WS, Wang YH. A novel NSUN5/ENO3 pathway promotes the Warburg effect and cell growth in clear cell renal cell carcinoma by 5-methylcytosine-stabilized ENO3 mRNA. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:878-895. [PMID: 36915728 PMCID: PMC10006748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cells often reprogram their metabolisms. Enolase 3 (ENO3) is closely related to the Warburg effect observed in cells during tumor progression. However, the expression and function of ENO3 in ccRCC cells remain unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the expression and functional significance of ENO3 in the Warburg effect observed in ccRCC cells. METHODS In this study, B-mode and microflow imaging ultrasound examinations were performed to evaluate patients with ccRCC. The extracellular acidification rate test and glucose uptake and lactate production assays were used to examine the Warburg effect in ccRCC cells. Western blotting, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and immunochemistry were used to detect the expression of ENO3 and NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase 5 (NSUN5). RESULTS ENO3 upregulation in ccRCC tumor tissues was accompanied by an increase in tumor size. Importantly, ENO3 participated in the Warburg effect observed in ccRCC cells, and high levels of ENO3 indicated a poor prognosis for patients. Loss of ENO3 reduced glucose uptake, lactate production, and extracellular acidification rate as well as inhibited ccRCC cell proliferation. Furthermore, NSUN5 was involved in the ENO3-regulated Warburg effect and ccRCC cell progression. Mechanically, NSUN5 was upregulated in ccRCC tissues, and NSUN5 upregulation mediated 5-methylcytosine modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) in ccRCC cells to promote mRNA stability and ENO3 expression. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the destruction of the NSUN5/ENO3 axis prevents ccRCC growth in vivo and in vitro, and targeting this pathway may be an effective strategy against ccRCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Hong-Juan Ju
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Wen-Gang Wang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yu-Lin Ma
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Wen-Sheng Xu
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yue-Heng Wang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
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Ding C, Lu J, Li J, Hu X, Liu Z, Su H, Li H, Huang B. RNA-methyltransferase Nsun5 controls the maternal-to-zygotic transition by regulating maternal mRNA stability. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1137. [PMID: 36495115 PMCID: PMC9736783 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA modification-induced ovarian dysgenesis appears to be necessary for ovary development. However, how m5 C (5-methylcytosine)-coordinating modificatory transcripts are dynamically regulated during oogenesis, and ovarian development is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase 5 (Nsun5) deletion leads to suppression of ovarian function and arrest of embryonic development. The regulation of mRNA decay and stability by m5 C modification is essential at multiple stages during the maternal-to-zygotic (MZT) transition. METHODS Mouse ovaries and oocytes with Nsun5KO and the KGN cell line were subjected to m5 C identification, alternative splicing analysis and protein expression. BS-m5 C-seq, real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunofluorescence and actinomycin D treatment assays were used. In particular, BS-m5 C-seq revealed a dynamic pattern of m5 C sites and genes in the ovaries between Nsun5KO and WT mice at the 2-month and 6-month stages. Diverse bioinformatic tools were employed to identify target genes for Nsun5. RESULTS Here, a maternal mRNA stability study showed that deletion of the m5 C methyltransferase Nsun5 obstructs follicular development and ovarian function, which leads directly to inhibition of embryogenesis and embryo development. Dynamic analysis of m5 C revealed that the level of m5 C decreased in a time-dependent manner after Nsun5 knockout. Regarding the molecular mechanism, we found that Nsun5 deficiency caused a m5 C decline in the exon and 3'UTR regions that influenced the translation efficiency of Mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 2 (MAD2L2) and Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) in the ovary. Mechanistic investigation of alternative splicing indicated that Nsun5KO triggers aberrant events in the exon region of Brd8. CONCLUSIONS Nsun5 loss arrests follicular genesis and development in ovarian aging, indicating that Nsun5/m5 C-regulated maternal mRNA stabilization is essential for MZT transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyue Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSuzhou Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jiafeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSuzhou Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jincheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSuzhou Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xiujuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSuzhou Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zhenxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSuzhou Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Han Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSuzhou Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSuzhou Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Boxian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSuzhou Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouChina
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Li M, Tao Z, Zhao Y, Li L, Zheng J, Li Z, Chen X. 5-methylcytosine RNA methyltransferases and their potential roles in cancer. J Transl Med 2022; 20:214. [PMID: 35562754 PMCID: PMC9102922 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, 5-methylcytosine (m5C) RNA modification has emerged as a key player in regulating RNA metabolism and function through coding as well as non-coding RNAs. Accumulating evidence has shown that m5C modulates the stability, translation, transcription, nuclear export, and cleavage of RNAs to mediate cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, stress responses, and other biological functions. In humans, m5C RNA modification is catalyzed by the NOL1/NOP2/sun (NSUN) family and DNA methyltransferase 2 (DNMT2). These RNA modifiers regulate the expression of multiple oncogenes such as fizzy-related-1, forkhead box protein C2, Grb associated-binding protein 2, and TEA domain transcription factor 1, facilitating the pathogenesis and progression of cancers. Furthermore, the aberrant expression of methyltransferases have been identified in various cancers and used to predict the prognosis of patients. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of m5C RNA methyltransferases. We specifically highlight the potential mechanism of action of m5C in cancer. Finally, we discuss the prospect of m5C-relative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijia Tao
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqiao Zhao
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyi Zheng
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyu Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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