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Rojas L, Tobar N, Espinoza J, Ríos S, Martínez C, Martínez J, Graves DT, Smith PC. FOXO1 regulates wound-healing responses in human gingival fibroblasts. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:611-621. [PMID: 38500269 PMCID: PMC11116056 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Forkhead box-O 1 (FOXO1) is a transcription factor actively involved in oral wound healing at the epithelial barrier. However, less is known regarding the role of FOXO1 during the tissue repair response in the connective tissue compartment. This study explored the involvement of FOXO1 in the modulation of fibroblast activity related to wound healing. METHODS Primary cultures of human gingival fibroblasts were obtained from four healthy young donors. Myofibroblastic differentiation, collagen gel contraction, cell migration, cell spreading, and integrin activation were evaluated in the presence or absence of a FOXO1 inhibitor (AS1842856). Variations in mRNA and proteins of interest were evaluated through qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Distribution of actin, α-smooth muscle actin, and β1 integrin was evaluated using immunofluorescence. FOXO1 and TGF-β1 expression in gingival wound healing was assessed by immunohistochemistry in gingival wounds performed in C57BL/6 mice. Images were analyzed using ImageJ/Fiji. ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Tukey's or Dunn's post-hoc test was performed. All data are expressed as mean ± SD. p < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS FOXO1 inhibition caused a decrease in the expression of the myofibroblastic marker α-SMA along with a reduction in fibronectin, type I collagen, TGF-β1, and β1 integrin mRNA level. The FOXO1 inhibitor also caused decreases in cell migration, cell spreading, collagen gel contraction, and β1 integrin activation. FOXO1 and TGF-β1 were prominently expressed in gingival wounds in fibroblastic cells located at the wound bed. CONCLUSION The present study indicates that FOXO1 plays an important role in the modulation of several wound-healing functions in gingival fibroblast. Moreover, our findings reveal an important regulatory role for FOXO1 on the differentiation of gingival myofibroblasts, the regulation of cell migration, and collagen contraction, all these functions being critical during tissue repair and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia. Rojas
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nicolás Tobar
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile
| | - Javier Espinoza
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - Susana Ríos
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - Constanza Martínez
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - Jorge Martínez
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile
| | - Dana T. Graves
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patricio C. Smith
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
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Xu J, Li X, Lu Q, Li X, Shan H. HMGA1 regulates the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01236-6. [PMID: 38430408 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01236-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
High mobility group protein AT-hook 1 (HMGA1), an architectural transcription factor, has previously been reportedto play an essential role in architectural remodeling processes. However, its effects on cardiovascular diseases, particularly sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, have remained unclear. The study aimed to investigate the role of HMGA1 in lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiomyopathy. Mice subjected to lipopolysaccharide for 12 h resulted in cardiac dysfunction. We used an adeno-associated virus 9 delivery system to achieve cardiac-specific expression of the HMGA1 gene in the mice. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were infected with Ad-HMGA1 to overexpress HMGA1 or transfected with si-HMGA1 to knock down HMGA1. Echocardiography was applied to measure cardiac function. RT-PCR was used to detect the transcriptional level of inflammatory cytokines. CD45 and CD68 immunohistochemical staining were used to detect inflammatory cell infiltration and TUNEL staining to evaluate the cardiomyocyte apoptosis, MitoSox was used to detect mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, JC-1 was used todetect Mitochondrial membrane potential. Our findings revealed that the overexpression of HMGA1 exacerbated myocardial inflammation and apoptosis in response to lipopolysaccharide treatment. Additionally, we also observed that H9c2 cardiomyocytes with HMGA1 overexpression exhibited enhanced inflammation and apoptosis upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide for 12 h. Conversely, HMGA1 knockdown in H9c2 cardiomyocytes attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiomyocyte inflammation and apoptosis. Further investigations into the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects showed that HMGA1 promoted lipopolysaccharide-induced mitochondrial-dependent cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The study reveals that HMGA1 worsens myocardial inflammation and apoptosis in response to lipopolysaccharide treatment. Mechanically, HMGA1 exerts its effects by regulating the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Changji Branch, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qianqian Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Medical School of Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongying Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Zhang P, Li H, Zhang A, Wang X, Song Q, Li Z, Wang W, Xu J, Hou Y, Zhang Y. Mechanism of myocardial fibrosis regulation by IGF-1R in atrial fibrillation through the PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a pathway. Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 101:432-442. [PMID: 37018819 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2022-0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial structural remodeling takes on a critical significance to the occurrence and maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF). As revealed by recent data, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) plays a certain role in tissue fibrosis. In this study, the mechanism of IGF-1R in atrial structural remodeling was examined based on in vivo and in vitro experiments. First, cluster analysis of AF hub genes was conducted, and then the molecular mechanism was proposed by which IGF-1R regulates myocardial fibrosis via the PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a pathway. Subsequently, the mentioned mechanism was verified in human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) and rats transduced with IGF-1 overexpression type 9 adeno-associated viruses. The results indicated that IGF-1R activation up-regulated collagen Ⅰ protein expression and Akt phosphorylation in HCFs and rat atrium. The administration of LY294002 reversed the above phenomenon, improved the shortening of atrial effective refractory period, and reduced the increased incidence of AF and atrial fibrosis in rats. The transfection of FoxO3a siRNA reduced the anti-fibrotic effect of LY294002 in HCFs. The above data revealed that activation of IGF-1R takes on a vital significance to atrial structural remodeling by facilitating myocardial fibrosis and expediting the occurrence and maintenance of AF through the regulation of the PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital. Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huilin Li
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University. Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - An Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University. Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital. Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiyuan Song
- Shandong First Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University. Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital. Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Weizong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital. Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital. Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yinglong Hou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital. Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital. Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, China
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Yu CH, Hsieh PL, Chao SC, Chen SH, Liao YW, Yu CC. XIST/let-7i/HMGA1 axis maintains myofibroblasts activities in oral submucous fibrosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123400. [PMID: 36702230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA XIST promotes the development of various types of head and neck cancers, but its role in the progression of precancerous oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) has not been determined yet. As such, we aimed to examine whether XIST implicates in the regulation of myofibroblast activation. Our results showed that the expression of XIST was upregulated in OSF tissues and fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts (fBMFs), and the silencing of XIST downregulated several myofibroblasts features. We demonstrated that elevation of let-7i after inhibition of XIST may lead to reduced myofibroblast activation. On the contrary, overexpression of high mobility group AT-Hook 1 (HMGA1) following the suppression of let-7i may result in enhanced myofibroblast activities. Moreover, we showed that the suppressive effect of silencing of XIST on myofibroblasts hallmarks was reversed by let-7i inhibition or HMGA1 overexpression, suggesting the pro-fibrotic property of XIST was mediated by downregulation of let-7i and upregulation of HMGA1. These findings revealed that myofibroblast activation of fBMFs may attribute to the alteration of the XIST/let-7i/HMGA1 axis. Therapeutic approaches to target this axis may serve as a promising direction to ameliorate the malignant progression of OSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Hang Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Chao
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.; Department of Medical Research and Education, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 265, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Han Chen
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Liao
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan..
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Zhu Y, Wu F, Hu J, Xu Y, Zhang J, Li Y, Lin Y, Liu X. LDHA deficiency inhibits trophoblast proliferation via the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1/CyclinD1 signaling pathway in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22744. [PMID: 36583693 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201219rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated trophoblast proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis may cause several pregnancy-associated complications, such as unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA). Recent studies have shown that metabolic abnormalities, including glycolysis inhibition, may dysregulate trophoblast function, leading to URSA. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we found that lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), a key enzyme in glycolysis, was significantly reduced in the placental villus of URSA patients. The human trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo was used to investigate the possible LDHA-mediated regulation of trophoblast function. LDHA knockdown in HTR-8/SVneo cells induced G0/G1 phase arrest and increased apoptosis, whereas LDHA overexpression reversed these effects. Next, RNA sequencing combined with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis demonstrated that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is potentially affected by downstream genes of LDHA. Especially, we found that LDHA knockdown decreased the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT, and FOXO1, resulting in a significant downregulation of CyclinD1. In addition, treatment with an AKT inhibitor or FOXO1 inhibitor also verified that the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway influenced the gene expression of CyclinD1 in trophoblast. Moreover, p-AKT expression correlated positively with LDHA expression in syncytiotrophoblasts and extravillous trophoblasts in first-trimester villus. Collectively, this study revealed a new regulatory pathway for LDHA/PI3K/AKT/FOXO1/CyclinD1 in the trophoblast cell cycle and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Zhu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianing Hu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichi Xu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinwen Zhang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Lin
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Bowers SL, Meng Q, Molkentin JD. Fibroblasts orchestrate cellular crosstalk in the heart through the ECM. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2022; 1:312-321. [PMID: 38765890 PMCID: PMC11101212 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-022-00043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Cell communication is needed for organ function and stress responses, especially in the heart. Cardiac fibroblasts, cardiomyocytes, immune cells, and endothelial cells comprise the major cell types in ventricular myocardium that together coordinate all functional processes. Critical to this cellular network is the non-cellular extracellular matrix (ECM) that provides structure and harbors growth factors and other signaling proteins that affect cell behavior. The ECM is not only produced and modified by cells within the myocardium, largely cardiac fibroblasts, it also acts as an avenue for communication among all myocardial cells. In this Review, we discuss how the development of therapeutics to combat cardiac diseases, specifically fibrosis, relies on a deeper understanding of how the cardiac ECM is intertwined with signaling processes that underlie cellular activation and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jeffery D. Molkentin
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology; University of Cincinnati, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, OH
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7
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Hu S, Vondriska TM. How Chromatin Stiffens Fibroblasts. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Wei T, Du Y, Shan T, Chen J, Shi D, Yang T, Wang J, Zhang J, Li Y. The crystallin alpha B (HSPB5)-tripartite motif containing 33 (TRIM33) axis mediates myocardial fibrosis induced by angiotensinogen II through transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1)-Smad3/4 signaling. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8836-8849. [PMID: 35333698 PMCID: PMC9161881 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2054913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis, a common pathological manifestation of cardiac remodeling (CR), often leads to heart failure (HF) and even death. The underlying molecular mechanism of the role of TRIM33 in Ang II–induced myocardial fibrosis is not fully understood. We found that TRIM33 was specifically upregulated in CFs and myocardial tissue after Ang II stimulation. Adult mice induced by Ang II were used as in vivo models, and Ang II–induced neonatal mouse primary cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were used as in vitro models. The level of CF fibrosis in vitro was assessed by CF proliferation, migration, activation and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis. In addition, Masson staining, the heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) ratio and echocardiography were used to evaluate the in vivo effect of TRIM33. TRIM33 expression was specifically upregulated in CFs and myocardial tissue after Ang II stimulation. In in vitro experiments, we found that TRIM33 knockdown promoted Ang II–induced CF proliferation, while TRIM33 overexpression weakened Ang II–induced CF proliferation, migration, activation and collagen synthesis. Mechanistically, we showed that TRIM33, negatively regulated by HSPB5, mediated its antifibrotic effect by inhibiting the activation of TGF-β1 and its downstream genes, Smad3 and Smad4. Finally, TRIM33 overexpression suppressed fibrosis and promoted cardiac repair and functional recovery in Ang II–induced mice. Our results clearly establish that TRIM33 limits cardiac fibrosis by hindering CF proliferation, migration, activation and collagen synthesis. Enhancing these beneficial functions of TRIM33 by a targeting vector might be a novel therapeutic strategy for CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwen Wei
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yingqiang Du
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tiankai Shan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dongwei Shi
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Changzhou NO. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tongtong Yang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiankang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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