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Luo M, Wang Y, Liang J, Wan X. Spastin accumulation and motor neuron defects caused by a novel SPAST splice site mutation. J Transl Med 2024; 22:872. [PMID: 39334479 PMCID: PMC11429824 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05669-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a rare genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder. The most common type of HSP is caused by pathogenic variants in the SPAST gene. Various hypotheses regarding the pathogenic mechanisms of HSP-SPAST have been proposed. However, a single hypothesis may not be sufficient to explain HSP-SPAST. OBJECTIVE To determine the causative gene of autosomal dominant HSP-SPAST in a pure pedigree and to study its underlying pathogenic mechanism. METHODS A four-generation Chinese family was investigated. Genetic testing was performed for the causative gene, and a splice site variant was identified. In vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted separately. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were performed after transient transfection of cells with the wild-type (WT) or mutated plasmid. The developmental expression pattern of zebrafish spasts was assessed via whole-mount in situ hybridization. The designed guide RNA (gRNA) and an antisense oligo spast-MO were microinjected into Tg(hb9:GFP) zebrafish embryos, spinal cord motor neurons were observed, and a swimming behavioral analysis was conducted. RESULTS A novel heterozygous intron variant, c.1004 + 5G > A, was identified in a pure HSP-SPAST pedigree and shown to cosegregate with the disease phenotypes. This intron splice site variant skipped exon 6, causing a frameshift mutation that resulted in a premature termination codon. In vitro, the truncated protein was evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm, formed filamentous accumulations around the nucleus, and colocalized with microtubules. Truncated proteins diffusing in the cytoplasm appeared denser. No abnormal microtubule structures were observed, and the expression levels of α-tubulin remained unchanged. In vivo, zebrafish larvae with this mutation displayed axon pathfinding defects, impaired outgrowth, and axon loss. Furthermore, spast-MO larvae exhibited unusual behavioral preferences and increased acceleration. CONCLUSION The adverse effects of premature stop codon mutations in SPAST result in insufficient levels of functional protein, and the potential toxicity arising from the intracellular accumulation of spastin serves as a contributing factor to HSP-SPAST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yanying Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jinxiu Liang
- Center for Genetic Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinhua Wan
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Xu K, Li Z, Mao L, Guo Z, Chen Z, Chai Y, Xie C, Yang X, Na J, Li W, Ou G. AlphaFold2-guided engineering of split-GFP technology enables labeling of endogenous tubulins across species while preserving function. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002615. [PMID: 39159282 PMCID: PMC11361732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Dynamic properties are essential for microtubule (MT) physiology. Current techniques for in vivo imaging of MTs present intrinsic limitations in elucidating the isotype-specific nuances of tubulins, which contribute to their versatile functions. Harnessing the power of the AlphaFold2 pipeline, we engineered a strategy for the minimally invasive fluorescence labeling of endogenous tubulin isotypes or those harboring missense mutations. We demonstrated that a specifically designed 16-amino acid linker, coupled with sfGFP11 from the split-sfGFP system and integration into the H1-S2 loop of tubulin, facilitated tubulin labeling without compromising MT dynamics, embryonic development, or ciliogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Extending this technique to human cells and murine oocytes, we visualized MTs with the minimal background fluorescence and a pathogenic tubulin isoform with fidelity. The utility of our approach across biological contexts and species set an additional paradigm for studying tubulin dynamics and functional specificity, with implications for understanding tubulin-related diseases known as tubulinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiming Xu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- School of Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Linfan Mao
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyang Guo
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongping Chai
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Xie
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuerui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Na
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangshuo Ou
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Alsafh R, Alhashem A, Elsyed A, Yüksel Z, Graiess-Tlili K, Hundallah K, Thabet F, Tabarki B. Multiplex Consanguineous Family Highlights CLASP1 as a Candidate Gene for Lissencephaly. Neurol Genet 2024; 10:e200172. [PMID: 39040917 PMCID: PMC11261580 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000200172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Noncentrosomal microtubules are essential cytoskeletal filaments that are important for neurite formation, axonal transport, and neuronal migration. They require stabilization by microtubule minus-end-targeting proteins including the CLASP family of molecules. To date, no human monogenic disorder has been associated with the CLASP1 gene. In this study, we aimed to delineate the clinical and neuroradiologic phenotype associated with biallelic CLASP1 variants. Methods We analyzed clinical characteristics, MRI data, and genotypes of a cohort of 3 patients with homozygous variants in CLASP1. Results Homozygous CLASP1 variant is associated with primary microcephaly, severe neurodevelopmental delay, and early-onset refractory epilepsy. The neuroradiologic phenotype comprises a highly recognizable combination of classic lissencephaly, with the posterior gradient more severe than the anterior gradient, a thin/hypoplastic splenium of the corpus callosum, mild enlargement of the lateral ventricles primarily posteriorly with a squared pattern, and pontine hypoplasia. Discussion This study underscores the role of CLASP1 in brain development and suggests that the identified variant disrupts CLASP1 interaction with the microtubule cytoskeleton, contributing to lissencephaly pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Alsafh
- From the Division of Pediatric Neurology (R.A., K.H., B.T.); Division of Genetics (A.A.), Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics (A.E.), King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Bioscientia Human Genetics (Z.Y.), Bioscientia Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany; Department of Radiology (K.G.-T.), Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse; and Department of Pediatrics (F.T.), Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amal Alhashem
- From the Division of Pediatric Neurology (R.A., K.H., B.T.); Division of Genetics (A.A.), Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics (A.E.), King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Bioscientia Human Genetics (Z.Y.), Bioscientia Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany; Department of Radiology (K.G.-T.), Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse; and Department of Pediatrics (F.T.), Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Aly Elsyed
- From the Division of Pediatric Neurology (R.A., K.H., B.T.); Division of Genetics (A.A.), Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics (A.E.), King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Bioscientia Human Genetics (Z.Y.), Bioscientia Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany; Department of Radiology (K.G.-T.), Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse; and Department of Pediatrics (F.T.), Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Zafer Yüksel
- From the Division of Pediatric Neurology (R.A., K.H., B.T.); Division of Genetics (A.A.), Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics (A.E.), King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Bioscientia Human Genetics (Z.Y.), Bioscientia Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany; Department of Radiology (K.G.-T.), Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse; and Department of Pediatrics (F.T.), Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Kalthoum Graiess-Tlili
- From the Division of Pediatric Neurology (R.A., K.H., B.T.); Division of Genetics (A.A.), Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics (A.E.), King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Bioscientia Human Genetics (Z.Y.), Bioscientia Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany; Department of Radiology (K.G.-T.), Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse; and Department of Pediatrics (F.T.), Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Khalid Hundallah
- From the Division of Pediatric Neurology (R.A., K.H., B.T.); Division of Genetics (A.A.), Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics (A.E.), King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Bioscientia Human Genetics (Z.Y.), Bioscientia Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany; Department of Radiology (K.G.-T.), Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse; and Department of Pediatrics (F.T.), Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Farah Thabet
- From the Division of Pediatric Neurology (R.A., K.H., B.T.); Division of Genetics (A.A.), Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics (A.E.), King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Bioscientia Human Genetics (Z.Y.), Bioscientia Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany; Department of Radiology (K.G.-T.), Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse; and Department of Pediatrics (F.T.), Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Brahim Tabarki
- From the Division of Pediatric Neurology (R.A., K.H., B.T.); Division of Genetics (A.A.), Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics (A.E.), King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Bioscientia Human Genetics (Z.Y.), Bioscientia Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany; Department of Radiology (K.G.-T.), Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse; and Department of Pediatrics (F.T.), Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
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Chen Q, Li S, Fu F, Huang Q, Zhang R. MAP7 drives EMT and cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer via wnt/β-catenin signaling. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30409. [PMID: 38726137 PMCID: PMC11078642 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Methods Our approach encompasses analyzing MAP7's expression levels across various datasets and clinical specimens, evaluating its association with patient outcomes, and probing its influence on ovarian cancer cell dynamics such as proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Results We have identified significant upregulation of MAP7 in ovarian cancer tissues, which correlates with advanced disease stages, higher pathological grades, and unfavorable prognoses. Functionally, the inhibition of MAP7 suppresses cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis. Notably, the silencing of MAP7 attenuates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and disrupts Wnt/β-catenin pathway signaling-two critical processes implicated in metastasis and chemoresistance. In cisplatin-resistant A2780-DDP cells, the downregulation of MAP7 effectively reverses their resistance to cisplatin. Furthermore, the nuclear localization of MAP7 in these cells underscores its pivotal role in driving cisplatin resistance by modulating the transcriptional regulation and interaction dynamics of β-catenin. Conclusion Our findings position MAP7 as a pivotal element in ovarian cancer advancement and cisplatin resistance, primarily through its modulation of EMT and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Its association with poor clinical outcomes underscores its potential as both a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target. Strategies aimed at MAP7 could represent a new frontier in combating chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer, emphasizing its significance in crafting complementary treatments for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Chen
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510500, China
| | - Shaojing Li
- Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201400, China
| | - Furong Fu
- Pingyang Hospital affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, No.555, Kunao Road, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qunhuan Huang
- Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201400, China
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510500, China
- Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201400, China
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5
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Zhou Y, Xu MF, Chen J, Zhang JL, Wang XY, Huang MH, Wei YL, She ZY. Loss-of-function of kinesin-5 KIF11 causes microcephaly, chorioretinopathy, and developmental disorders through chromosome instability and cell cycle arrest. Exp Cell Res 2024; 436:113975. [PMID: 38367657 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Kinesin motors play a fundamental role in development by controlling intracellular transport, spindle assembly, and microtubule organization. In humans, patients carrying mutations in KIF11 suffer from an autosomal dominant inheritable disease called microcephaly with or without chorioretinopathy, lymphoedema, or mental retardation (MCLMR). While mitotic functions of KIF11 proteins have been well documented in centrosome separation and spindle assembly, cellular mechanisms underlying KIF11 dysfunction and MCLMR remain unclear. In this study, we generate KIF11-inhibition chick and zebrafish models and find that KIF11 inhibition results in microcephaly, chorioretinopathy, and severe developmental defects in vivo. Notably, loss-of-function of KIF11 causes the formation of monopolar spindle and chromosome misalignment, which finally contribute to cell cycle arrest, chromosome instability, and cell death. Our results demonstrate that KIF11 is crucial for spindle assembly, chromosome alignment, and cell cycle progression of progenitor stem cells, indicating a potential link between polyploidy and MCLMR. Our data have revealed that KIF11 inhibition cause microcephaly, chorioretinopathy, and development disorders through the formation of monopolar spindle, polyploid, and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Meng-Fei Xu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Jing-Lian Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Xin-Yao Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Min-Hui Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Ya-Lan Wei
- Medical Research Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China; College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Zhen-Yu She
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China.
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Luchniak A, Roy PS, Kumar A, Schneider IC, Gelfand VI, Jernigan RL, Gupta ML. Tubulin CFEOM mutations both inhibit or activate kinesin motor activity. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar32. [PMID: 38170592 PMCID: PMC10916880 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-01-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Kinesin-mediated transport along microtubules is critical for axon development and health. Mutations in the kinesin Kif21a, or the microtubule subunit β-tubulin, inhibit axon growth and/or maintenance resulting in the eye-movement disorder congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM). While most examined CFEOM-causing β-tubulin mutations inhibit kinesin-microtubule interactions, Kif21a mutations activate the motor protein. These contrasting observations have led to opposed models of inhibited or hyperactive Kif21a in CFEOM. We show that, contrary to other CFEOM-causing β-tubulin mutations, R380C enhances kinesin activity. Expression of β-tubulin-R380C increases kinesin-mediated peroxisome transport in S2 cells. The binding frequency, percent motile engagements, run length and plus-end dwell time of Kif21a are also elevated on β-tubulin-R380C compared with wildtype microtubules in vitro. This conserved effect persists across tubulins from multiple species and kinesins from different families. The enhanced activity is independent of tail-mediated kinesin autoinhibition and thus utilizes a mechanism distinct from CFEOM-causing Kif21a mutations. Using molecular dynamics, we visualize how β-tubulin-R380C allosterically alters critical structural elements within the kinesin motor domain, suggesting a basis for the enhanced motility. These findings resolve the disparate models and confirm that inhibited or increased kinesin activity can both contribute to CFEOM. They also demonstrate the microtubule's role in regulating kinesins and highlight the importance of balanced transport for cellular and organismal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Luchniak
- Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Pallavi Sinha Roy
- Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Ambuj Kumar
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Ian C. Schneider
- Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Vladimir I. Gelfand
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611
| | - Robert L. Jernigan
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Mohan L. Gupta
- Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
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Chew YM, Cross RA. Taxol acts differently on different tubulin isotypes. Commun Biol 2023; 6:946. [PMID: 37717119 PMCID: PMC10505170 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05306-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Taxol is a small molecule effector that allosterically locks tubulin into the microtubule lattice. We show here that taxol has different effects on different single-isotype microtubule lattices. Using in vitro reconstitution, we demonstrate that single-isotype α1β4 GDP-tubulin lattices are stabilised and expanded by 10 µM taxol, as reported by accelerated microtubule gliding in kinesin motility assays, whereas single-isotype α1β3 GDP-tubulin lattices are stabilised but not expanded. This isotype-specific action of taxol drives gliding of segmented-isotype GDP-taxol microtubules along convoluted, sinusoidal paths, because their expanded α1β4 segments try to glide faster than their compacted α1β3 segments. In GMPCPP, single-isotype α1β3 and α1β4 lattices both show accelerated gliding, indicating that both can in principle be driven to expand. We therefore propose that taxol-induced lattice expansion requires a higher taxol occupancy than taxol-induced stabilisation, and that higher taxol occupancies are accessible to α1β4 but not α1β3 single-isotype lattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yean Ming Chew
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, CV4 7LA, UK
| | - Robert A Cross
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, CV4 7LA, UK.
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