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De Breuck J, Streiber M, Ringleb M, Schröder D, Herzog N, Schubert US, Zechel S, Traeger A, Leiske MN. Amino-Acid-Derived Anionic Polyacrylamides with Tailored Hydrophobicity-Physicochemical Properties and Cellular Interactions. ACS POLYMERS AU 2024; 4:222-234. [PMID: 38882030 PMCID: PMC11177303 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.3c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Polyanions can internalize into cells via endocytosis without any cell disruption and are therefore interesting materials for biomedical applications. In this study, amino-acid-derived polyanions with different alkyl side-chains are synthesized via postpolymerization modification of poly(pentafluorophenyl acrylate), which is synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization, to obtain polyanions with tailored hydrophobicity and alkyl branching. The success of the reaction is verified by size-exclusion chromatography, NMR spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The hydrophobicity, surface charge, and pH dependence are investigated in detail by titrations, high-performance liquid chromatography, and partition coefficient measurements. Remarkably, the determined pK a-values for all synthesized polyanions are very similar to those of poly(acrylic acid) (pK a = 4.5), despite detectable differences in hydrophobicity. Interactions between amino-acid-derived polyanions with L929 fibroblasts reveal very slow cell association as well as accumulation of polymers in the cell membrane. Notably, the more hydrophobic amino-acid-derived polyanions show higher cell association. Our results emphasize the importance of macromolecular engineering toward ideal charge and hydrophobicity for polymer association with cell membranes and internalization. This study further highlights the potential of amino-acid-derived polymers and the diversity they provide for tailoring properties toward drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas De Breuck
- Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Michael Streiber
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Ringleb
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Dennis Schröder
- Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Natascha Herzog
- Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Zechel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Anja Traeger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Meike N Leiske
- Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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2
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Leer K, Reichel LS, Kimmig J, Richter F, Hoeppener S, Brendel JC, Zechel S, Schubert US, Traeger A. Optimization of Mixed Micelles Based on Oppositely Charged Block Copolymers by Machine Learning for Application in Gene Delivery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306116. [PMID: 37794626 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 mRNA vaccines represent a milestone in developing non-viral gene carriers, and their success highlights the crucial need for continued research in this field to address further challenges. Polymer-based delivery systems are particularly promising due to their versatile chemical structure and convenient adaptability, but struggle with the toxicity-efficiency dilemma. Introducing anionic, hydrophilic, or "stealth" functionalities represents a promising approach to overcome this dilemma in gene delivery. Here, two sets of diblock terpolymers are created comprising hydrophobic poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PnBA), a copolymer segment made of hydrophilic 4-acryloylmorpholine (NAM), and either the cationic 3-guanidinopropyl acrylamide (GPAm) or the 2-carboxyethyl acrylamide (CEAm), which is negatively charged at neutral conditions. These oppositely charged sets of diblocks are co-assembled in different ratios to form mixed micelles. Since this experimental design enables countless mixing possibilities, a machine learning approach is applied to identify an optimal GPAm/CEAm ratio for achieving high transfection efficiency and cell viability with little resource expenses. After two runs, an optimal ratio to overcome the toxicity-efficiency dilemma is identified. The results highlight the remarkable potential of integrating machine learning into polymer chemistry to effectively tackle the enormous number of conceivable combinations for identifying novel and powerful gene transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Leer
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Liên S Reichel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Julian Kimmig
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Friederike Richter
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Zechel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Anja Traeger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
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3
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Zhang H, Vandesompele J, Braeckmans K, De Smedt SC, Remaut K. Nucleic acid degradation as barrier to gene delivery: a guide to understand and overcome nuclease activity. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:317-360. [PMID: 38073448 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00194f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy is on its way to revolutionize the treatment of both inherited and acquired diseases, by transferring nucleic acids to correct a disease-causing gene in the target cells of patients. In the fight against infectious diseases, mRNA-based therapeutics have proven to be a viable strategy in the recent Covid-19 pandemic. Although a growing number of gene therapies have been approved, the success rate is limited when compared to the large number of preclinical and clinical trials that have been/are being performed. In this review, we highlight some of the hurdles which gene therapies encounter after administration into the human body, with a focus on nucleic acid degradation by nucleases that are extremely abundant in mammalian organs, biological fluids as well as in subcellular compartments. We overview the available strategies to reduce the biodegradation of gene therapeutics after administration, including chemical modifications of the nucleic acids, encapsulation into vectors and co-administration with nuclease inhibitors and discuss which strategies are applied for clinically approved nucleic acid therapeutics. In the final part, we discuss the currently available methods and techniques to qualify and quantify the integrity of nucleic acids, with their own strengths and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyang Zhang
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Remaut
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
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4
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Man HSJ, Moosa VA, Singh A, Wu L, Granton JT, Juvet SC, Hoang CD, de Perrot M. Unlocking the potential of RNA-based therapeutics in the lung: current status and future directions. Front Genet 2023; 14:1281538. [PMID: 38075698 PMCID: PMC10703483 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1281538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Awareness of RNA-based therapies has increased after the widespread adoption of mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic. These mRNA vaccines had a significant impact on reducing lung disease and mortality. They highlighted the potential for rapid development of RNA-based therapies and advances in nanoparticle delivery systems. Along with the rapid advancement in RNA biology, including the description of noncoding RNAs as major products of the genome, this success presents an opportunity to highlight the potential of RNA as a therapeutic modality. Here, we review the expanding compendium of RNA-based therapies, their mechanisms of action and examples of application in the lung. The airways provide a convenient conduit for drug delivery to the lungs with decreased systemic exposure. This review will also describe other delivery methods, including local delivery to the pleura and delivery vehicles that can target the lung after systemic administration, each providing access options that are advantageous for a specific application. We present clinical trials of RNA-based therapy in lung disease and potential areas for future directions. This review aims to provide an overview that will bring together researchers and clinicians to advance this burgeoning field.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. S. Jeffrey Man
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Respirology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vaneeza A. Moosa
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anand Singh
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Licun Wu
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John T. Granton
- Division of Respirology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen C. Juvet
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Respirology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chuong D. Hoang
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Marc de Perrot
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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5
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Wang X, Li F, Liu X, Zhang H. Applications and Recent Developments of Hydrogels in Ophthalmology. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5968-5984. [PMID: 37906698 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are a type of functional polymer material with a three-dimensional network structure composed of physically or chemically cross-linked polymers. All hydrogels have two common features: first, their structure contains a large number of hydrophilic groups; therefore, they have a high water content and can swell in water. Second, they have good regulation, and the physical and chemical properties of their cross-linked network can be changed by environmental factors and deliberate modification methods. In recent years, the application of hydrogels in ophthalmology has gradually attracted attention. By selecting an appropriate composition and cross-linking mode, hydrogels can be used in different fields for various applications, such as gel eye drops, in situ gel preparation, intravitreal injection, and corneal contact lenses. This Review provides a detailed introduction to the classification of hydrogels and their applications in glaucoma, vitreous substitutes, fundus diseases, corneal contact lenses, corneal diseases, and cataract surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - FuQiang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
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6
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Wang Z, Zhang X, Han M, Jiao X, Zhou J, Wang X, Su R, Wang Y, Qi W. An ultra pH-responsive peptide nanocarrier for cancer gene therapy. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8974-8984. [PMID: 37700728 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01311a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is a very complex and dynamic ecosystem. Although a variety of pH-responsive peptides have been reported to deliver nucleic acid drugs for cancer treatment, these responses typically only target the acidic microenvironment of the tumor or the lysosome, and the carrier suffers from issues such as low transfection efficiency and poor lysosomal escape within the cell. To address this problem, we have developed an ultra pH-responsive peptide nanocarrier that can efficiently deliver siRNA, pDNA, and mRNA into cancer cells by performing progressive dynamic assembly in response to pH changes in the acidic tumor microenvironment (pH 6.5-6.8) and the acidic intracellular lysosomal environment (pH 5.0-6.0). The maximum transfection efficiency was 87.1% for pDNA and 74.9% for mRNA, which is higher than that of peptide-based nanocarrier reported to date. In addition, the targeting sequence on the surface allows the peptide@siRNA complex to efficiently enter cancer cells, causing 96% of cancer cell mortality. The carrier has high biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity, making it highly promising for application in immunotherapy and gene therapy of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Xuelin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Mingshan Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Xinhao Jiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Jialin Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Xinyao Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Rongxin Su
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Beyonpep Biotechnology Limited, Tianjin 300110, P. R. China
| | - Wei Qi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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7
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Zhu Q, Tree DR. Simulations of morphology control of self‐assembled amphiphilic surfactants. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinyu Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering Brigham Young University Provo Utah USA
| | - Douglas R. Tree
- Department of Chemical Engineering Brigham Young University Provo Utah USA
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8
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Nitschke F, Montalbano AP. Novel Cross-Correction-Enabled Gene Therapy for CDKL5-Deficiency Disorder. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:1878-1882. [PMID: 36266502 PMCID: PMC9722985 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Nitschke
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Alina P Montalbano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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9
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Dutta G, Manickam S, Sugumaran A. Stimuli-Responsive Hybrid Metal Nanocomposite - A Promising Technology for Effective Anticancer Therapy. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:121966. [PMID: 35764265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most challenging, life-threatening illnesses to cure, with over 10 million new cases diagnosed each year globally. Improved diagnostic cum treatment with common side-effects are warranting for successful therapy. Nanomaterials are recognized to improve early diagnosis, imaging, and treatment. Recently, multifunctional nanocomposites attracted considerable interest due to their low-cost production, and ideal thermal and chemical stability, and will be beneficial in future diagnostics and customized treatment capacity. Stimuli-Responsive Hybrid Metal Nanocomposites (SRHMNs) based nanocomposite materials pose the on/off delivery of bioactive compounds such as medications, genes, RNA, and DNA to specific tissue or organs and reduce toxicity. They simultaneously serve as sophisticated imaging and diagnostic tools when certain stimuli (e.g., temperature, pH, redox, ultrasound, or enzymes) activate the nanocomposite, resulting in the imaging-guided transport of the payload at defined sites. This review in detail addresses the recent advancements in the design and mechanism of internal breakdown processes of the functional moiety from stimuli-responsive systems in response to a range of stimuli coupled with metal nanoparticles. Also, it provides a thorough understanding of SRHMNs, enabling non-invasive interventional therapy by resolving several difficulties in cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Dutta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Jalan Tungku Link Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Abimanyu Sugumaran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India.
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10
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Chen X, Liu F. Synthesis and Phase Behavior of a Linear Amphiphilic Multiblock Copolymer. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:19319-19327. [PMID: 35722003 PMCID: PMC9202289 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Linear amphiphilic multiblock copolymer PPMPEs, obtained through a stepwise method, and linear amphiphilic random copolymer PPMPEs-1, obtained through a one-pot method, were synthesized using poly(propylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PPGDGE), poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDGE), and monoethanolamine (MEA) as the main raw materials. The structures of PPMPEs and PPMPEs-1 were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and gel permeation chromatography, which proved that the copolymers were synthesized with different components. Transmittance of the copolymer was tested by UV-vis. By changing the ratio of PEGDGE content and the concentration of the copolymer aqueous solution, the phase behaviors of PPMPEs and PPMPEs-1 were compared and studied in depth. It mainly highlighted the advantages of the stepwise method compared to the one-pot method. The transmittance of the polymer solutions could be improved by lowering the pH value in the acidic solution or increasing the pH value in the alkaline solution. Moreover, as the reaction degree of the PPMPEs hydrophobic chain segment increased, the transmittance decreased.
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11
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Mollé LM, Smyth CH, Yuen D, Johnston APR. Nanoparticles for vaccine and gene therapy: Overcoming the barriers to nucleic acid delivery. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1809. [PMID: 36416028 PMCID: PMC9786906 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid therapeutics can be used to control virtually every aspect of cell behavior and therefore have significant potential to treat genetic disorders, infectious diseases, and cancer. However, while clinically approved to treat a small number of diseases, the full potential of nucleic acid therapeutics is hampered by inefficient delivery. Nucleic acids are large, highly charged biomolecules that are sensitive to degradation and so the approaches to deliver these molecules differ significantly from traditional small molecule drugs. Current studies suggest less than 1% of the injected nucleic acid dose is delivered to the target cell in an active form. This inefficient delivery increases costs and limits their use to applications where a small amount of nucleic acid is sufficient. In this review, we focus on two of the major barriers to efficient nucleic acid delivery: (1) delivery to the target cell and (2) transport to the subcellular compartment where the nucleic acids are therapeutically active. We explore how nanoparticles can be modified with targeting ligands to increase accumulation in specific cells, and how the composition of the nanoparticle can be engineered to manipulate or disrupt cellular membranes and facilitate delivery to the optimal subcellular compartments. Finally, we highlight how with intelligent material design, nanoparticle delivery systems have been developed to deliver nucleic acids that silence aberrant genes, correct genetic mutations, and act as both therapeutic and prophylactic vaccines. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Cells at the Nanoscale Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M. Mollé
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Cameron H. Smyth
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Daniel Yuen
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Angus P. R. Johnston
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
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12
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Kicková E, Sadeghi A, Puranen J, Tavakoli S, Sen M, Ranta VP, Arango-Gonzalez B, Bolz S, Ueffing M, Salmaso S, Caliceti P, Toropainen E, Ruponen M, Urtti A. Pharmacokinetics of Pullulan-Dexamethasone Conjugates in Retinal Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:pharmaceutics14010012. [PMID: 35056906 PMCID: PMC8779473 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of retinal diseases by intravitreal injections requires frequent administration unless drug delivery systems with long retention and controlled release are used. In this work, we focused on pullulan (≈67 kDa) conjugates of dexamethasone as therapeutic systems for intravitreal administration. The pullulan-dexamethasone conjugates self-assemble into negatively charged nanoparticles (average size 326 ± 29 nm). Intravitreal injections of pullulan and pullulan-dexamethasone were safe in mouse, rat and rabbit eyes. Fluorescently labeled pullulan particles showed prolonged retention in the vitreous and they were almost completely eliminated via aqueous humor outflow. Pullulan conjugates also distributed to the retina via Müller glial cells when tested in ex vivo retina explants and in vivo. Pharmacokinetic simulations showed that pullulan-dexamethasone conjugates may release free and active dexamethasone in the vitreous humor for over 16 days, even though a large fraction of dexamethasone may be eliminated from the eye as bound pullulan-dexamethasone. We conclude that pullulan based drug conjugates are promising intravitreal drug delivery systems as they may reduce injection frequency and deliver drugs into the retinal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kicková
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.K.); (S.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Amir Sadeghi
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (A.S.); (J.P.); (V.-P.R.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Jooseppi Puranen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (A.S.); (J.P.); (V.-P.R.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Shirin Tavakoli
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5E, 00710 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Merve Sen
- Centre for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 7, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.S.); (B.A.-G.); (S.B.); (M.U.)
| | - Veli-Pekka Ranta
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (A.S.); (J.P.); (V.-P.R.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Blanca Arango-Gonzalez
- Centre for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 7, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.S.); (B.A.-G.); (S.B.); (M.U.)
| | - Sylvia Bolz
- Centre for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 7, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.S.); (B.A.-G.); (S.B.); (M.U.)
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Centre for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 7, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.S.); (B.A.-G.); (S.B.); (M.U.)
| | - Stefano Salmaso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.K.); (S.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Paolo Caliceti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.K.); (S.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Elisa Toropainen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (A.S.); (J.P.); (V.-P.R.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Marika Ruponen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (A.S.); (J.P.); (V.-P.R.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Arto Urtti
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (A.S.); (J.P.); (V.-P.R.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5E, 00710 Helsinki, Finland;
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Petergof, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence:
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13
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Wang R, Yin C, Liu C, Sun Y, Xiao P, Li J, Yang S, Wu W, Jiang X. Phenylboronic Acid Modification Augments the Lysosome Escape and Antitumor Efficacy of a Cylindrical Polymer Brush-Based Prodrug. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20927-20938. [PMID: 34855390 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Timely lysosome escape is of paramount importance for endocytosed nanomedicines to avoid premature degradation under the acidic and hydrolytic conditions in lysosomes. Herein, we report an exciting finding that phenylboronic acid (PBA) modification can greatly facilitate the lysosome escape of cylindrical polymer brushes (CPBs). On the basis of our experimental results, we speculate that the mechanism is associated with the specific interactions of the PBA groups with lysosomal membrane proteins and hot shock proteins. The featured advantage of the PBA modification over the known lysosome escape strategies is that it does not cause significant adverse effects on the properties of the CPBs; on the contrary, it enhances remarkably their tumor accumulation and penetration. Furthermore, doxorubicin was conjugated to the PBA-modified CPBs with a drug loading content larger than 20%. This CPBs-based prodrug could eradicate the tumors established in mice by multiple intravenous administrations. This work provides a novel strategy for facilitating the lysosome escape of nanomaterials and demonstrates that PBA modification is an effective way to improve the overall properties of nanomedicines including the tumor therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Wang
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Changfeng Yin
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Changren Liu
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Xiao
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiqun Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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14
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Liu Z, Wang S, Tapeinos C, Torrieri G, Känkänen V, El-Sayed N, Python A, Hirvonen JT, Santos HA. Non-viral nanoparticles for RNA interference: Principles of design and practical guidelines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 174:576-612. [PMID: 34019958 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) is an innovative treatment strategy for a myriad of indications. Non-viral synthetic nanoparticles (NPs) have drawn extensive attention as vectors for RNAi due to their potential advantages, including improved safety, high delivery efficiency and economic feasibility. However, the complex natural process of RNAi and the susceptible nature of oligonucleotides render the NPs subject to particular design principles and requirements for practical fabrication. Here, we summarize the requirements and obstacles for fabricating non-viral nano-vectors for efficient RNAi. To address the delivery challenges, we discuss practical guidelines for materials selection and NP synthesis in order to maximize RNA encapsulation efficiency and protection against degradation, and to facilitate the cytosolic release of oligonucleotides. The current status of clinical translation of RNAi-based therapies and further perspectives for reducing the potential side effects are also reviewed.
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