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Naiel B, Fawzy M, Mahmoud AED, Halmy MWA. Sustainable fabrication of dimorphic plant derived ZnO nanoparticles and exploration of their biomedical and environmental potentialities. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13459. [PMID: 38862646 PMCID: PMC11167042 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Although, different plant species were utilized for the fabrication of polymorphic, hexagonal, spherical, and nanoflower ZnO NPs with various diameters, few studies succeeded in synthesizing small diameter ZnO nanorods from plant extract at ambient temperature. This work sought to pioneer the ZnO NPs fabrication from the aqueous extract of a Mediterranean salt marsh plant species Limoniastrum monopetalum (L.) Boiss. and assess the role of temperature in the fabrication process. Various techniques have been used to evaluate the quality and physicochemical characteristics of ZnO NPs. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS) was used as the primary test for formation confirmation. TEM analysis confirmed the formation of two different shapes of ZnO NPs, nano-rods and near hexagonal NPs at varying reaction temperatures. The nano-rods were about 25.3 and 297.9 nm in diameter and in length, respectively while hexagonal NPs were about 29.3 nm. The UV-VIS absorption spectra of the two forms of ZnO NPs produced were 370 and 365 nm for nano-rods and hexagonal NPs, respectively. FT-IR analysis showed Zn-O stretching at 642 cm-1 and XRD confirmed the crystalline structure of the produced ZnO NPs. Thermogravimetric analysis; TGA was also used to confirm the thermal stability of ZnO NPs. The anti-tumor activities of the two prepared ZnO NPs forms were investigated by the MTT assay, which revealed an effective dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on A-431 cell lines. Both forms displayed considerable antioxidant potential, particularly the rod-shaped ZnO NPs, with an IC50 of 148.43 µg mL-1. The rod-shaped ZnO NPs were superior candidates for destroying skin cancer, with IC50 of 93.88 ± 1 µg mL-1 ZnO NPs. Thus, rod-shaped ZnO NPs are promising, highly biocompatible candidate for biological and biomedical applications. Furthermore, both shapes of phyto-synthesized NPs demonstrated effective antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. The outcomes highlight the potential of phyto-synthesized ZnO NPs as an eco-friendly alternative for water and wastewater disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassant Naiel
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
| | - Manal Fawzy
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
- Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
- National Egyptian Biotechnology Experts Network, National Egyptian Academy for Scientific Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa El Din Mahmoud
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
- Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Marwa Waseem A Halmy
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
- National Egyptian Biotechnology Experts Network, National Egyptian Academy for Scientific Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
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Hia EM, Jang SR, Maharjan B, Park J, Park CH. Cu-MSNs and ZnO nanoparticles incorporated poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate/sodium alginate double network hydrogel for simultaneous enhancement of osteogenic differentiation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 236:113804. [PMID: 38428209 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a double network (DN) hydrogel was synthesized using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) and sodium alginate (SA), incorporating copper-doped mesoporous silica nanospheres (Cu-MSNs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The blending of PEGDA and SA (PS) facilitates the double network and improves the less porous microstructure of pure PEGDA hydrogel. Furthermore, the incorporation of ZnO NPs and Cu-MSNs into the hydrogel network (PS@ZnO/Cu-MSNs) improved the mechanical properties of the hydrogel (Compressive strength = ⁓153 kPa and Young's modulus = ⁓ 1.66 kPa) when compared to PS hydrogel alone (Compressive strength = ⁓ 103 kPa and Young's modulus = ⁓ 0.95 kPa). In addition, the PS@ZnO/Cu-MSNs composite hydrogel showed antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Importantly, the PS@ZnO/Cu-MSNs hydrogel demonstrated excellent biocompatibility, enhanced MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion, proliferation, and significant early-stage osteoblastic differentiation, as evidenced by increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and improved calcium mineralization, as evidenced by increased alizarin red staining (ARS) activities. These findings point to the possible use of the PS@ZnO/Cu-MSNs composite hydrogel in bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esensil Man Hia
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, the Republic of Korea; Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, the Republic of Korea
| | - Se Rim Jang
- Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, the Republic of Korea
| | - Bikendra Maharjan
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jeesoo Park
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, the Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Park
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, the Republic of Korea; Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, the Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, the Republic of Korea.
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Hosen ME, Rahman MA, Rahman MS, Akash S, Khalekuzzaman M, Alsahli AA, Bourhia M, Nafidi HA, Islam MA, Zaman R. Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Camellia sinensis Leaf Extract: Promising Particles for the Treatment of Cancer and Diabetes. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301661. [PMID: 38359057 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Both diabetes and cancer pose significant threats to public health. To overcome these challenges, nanobiotechnology offers innovative solutions for the treatment of these diseases. However, the synthesis of nanoparticles can be complex, costly and environmentally toxic. Therefore, in this study, we successfully synthesized Camellia sinensis silver nanoparticles (CS-AgNPs) biologically from methanolic leaf extract of C. sinensis and as confirmed by the visual appearance which exhibited strong absorption at 456 nm in UV-visible spectroscopy. The fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed that phytochemicals of C. sinensis were coated with AgNPs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed the spherical shape of CS-AgNPs, with a size of 15.954 nm, while X-ray diffraction spectrometry (XRD) analysis detected a size of 20.32 nm. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated the thermal stability of CS-AgNPs. The synthesized CS-AgNPs significantly inhibited the ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell growth with 53.42±1.101 %. The EAC cell line induced mice exhibited increased level of the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), however this elevated serum parameter significantly reduced and controlled by the treatment with CS-AgNPs. Moreover, in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice model, CS-AgNPs greatly reduced blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and creatinine levels. These findings highlight that the synthesized CS-AgNPs have significant anticancer and antidiabetic activities that could be used as promising particles for the treatment of these major diseases. However, pre-clinical and clinical trial should be addressed before use this particles as therapeutics agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Eram Hosen
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ataur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sojiur Rahman
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, 1216, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Khalekuzzaman
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, 80060, Morocco
| | - Hiba-Allah Nafidi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, 2325, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Md Asadul Islam
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Rashed Zaman
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
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Indumathi T, Kumaresan I, Suriyaprakash J, Alarfaj AA, Hirad AH, Jaganathan R, Mathanmohun M. Synthesis and characterization of 4-nitro benzaldehyde with ZnO-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications. J Basic Microbiol 2024; 64:e2300494. [PMID: 37988661 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Globally, cancer is the leading cause of death and morbidity, and skin cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis. Skin problems can be treated with nanoparticles (NPs), particularly with zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs, which have antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. An antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared in the presence of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde (4NB) was also tested in the present study. In addition, the influence of synthesized NPs on cell apoptosis, cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptosis, and cell adhesion was also examined. The synthesized 4-nitro benzaldehyde with ZnO (4NBZnO) NPs were confirmed via characterization techniques. 4NBZnO NPs showed superior antibacterial properties against the pathogens tested in antibacterial investigations. As a result of dose-based treatment with 4NBZnO NPs, cell viability, and MMP activity of melanoma cells (SK-MEL-3) cells were suppressed. A dose-dependent accumulation of ROS was observed in cells exposed to 4NBZnO NPs. As a result of exposure to 4NBZnO NPs in a dose-dependent manner, viable cells declined and apoptotic cells increased. This indicates that apoptotic cell death was higher. The cell adhesion test revealed that 4NBZnO NPs reduced cell adhesion and may promote apoptosis of cancer cells because of enhanced ROS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangavelu Indumathi
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Jagadeesh Suriyaprakash
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Abdullah A Alarfaj
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdurahman Hajinur Hirad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravindran Jaganathan
- Microbiology Unit, Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL-RCMP), Ipoh, Malaysia
| | - Maghimaa Mathanmohun
- Department of Microbiology, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India
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Li Y, Li J, Lu Y, Ma Y. ZnO nanomaterials target mitochondrial apoptosis and mitochondrial autophagy pathways in cancer cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3909. [PMID: 38269499 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the application of engineering nanomaterials has significantly contributed to the development of various biomedical fields. Zinc oxide nanomaterials (ZnO NMts) have gained wide popularity due to their biocompatibility, unique physical and chemical properties, stability, and cost-effectiveness for large-scale production. They have emerged as potential materials for anticancer applications. This article provides a comprehensive review of the synthesis methods of ZnO NMts and highlights the advantages of combining ZnO NMts with anticancer drugs as a nano platform for cancer treatment. Additionally, the article briefly explains the mechanism of action of ZnO NMts in tumor cells, focusing on the mitochondrial pathways that target cell apoptosis and autophagy. It is observed that these pathways are primarily influenced by reactive oxygen species generated through oxidative stress. The article discusses the promising prospects of ZnO NMts combined with anticancer drugs in the field of cancer medicine and emphasizes the need for further in-depth research on the mitochondrial apoptosis and mitochondrial autophagy pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Lu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yonghua Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
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Al Bitar M, Hassanieh B, Awad R, Khalil M. Characterization and evaluation of the therapeutic benefits of pure and lanthanides mono- and co-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103608. [PMID: 36923212 PMCID: PMC10009547 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of Lanthanides-doping on the structural, optical, morphological, antibacterial and anticancer properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles was investigated. Pure ZnO, Zn0.9La0.1O, Zn0.9Ce0.1O, and Zn0.9La0.05Ce0.05O were fabricated through the chemical co-precipitation route. The structural and morphological properties were studied using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The optical properties were analyzed by photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The inhibitory effect of the synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) was assessed against six bacterial strains using the agar well diffusion and broth micro-dilution methods. The anticancer potential of the synthesized NPs was assessed against two human colon cancer cell lines Caco-2 and HCT-116. The appearance of the La2O3 and CeO2 secondary phases upon doping La3+ and Ce3+ ions induced structural and morphological changes. The large distorted hexagonal morphology of pure ZnO is transformed into small sized distorted hexagonal form. The photoluminescence spectra revealed the point defects resulting from Lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) doping. The prepared NPs significantly inhibited the growth of the six investigated bacteria and induced cytotoxic effects and morphological changes against Caco-2 and HCT-116 cell lines. This study showed that doping ZnO with lanthanide ions such as La3+ and Ce3+ provide promising biological applications. These NPs showed a potent antibacterial and anticancer effect towards the investigated bacterial strains and colon cancer cell lines. These findings point to the importance of the biological applications of NPs, and the possibility of investigating other biomedical applications for NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Al Bitar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bahaa Hassanieh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - R Awad
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mahmoud Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Husk-like Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Apoptosis through ROS Generation in Epidermoid Carcinoma Cells: Effect of Incubation Period on Sol-Gel Synthesis and Anti-Cancerous Properties. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020320. [PMID: 36830857 PMCID: PMC9953567 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study effectively reports the influence of experimental incubation period on the sol-gel production of husk-like zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZNPs) and their anti-cancerous abilities. The surface morphology of ZNPs was studied with the help of SEM. With the use of TEM, the diameter range of the ZNPs was estimated to be ~86 and ~231 nm for ZNPA and ZNPB, prepared by incubating zinc oxide for 2 and 10 weeks, respectively. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigation showed that ZNPs had a pure wurtzite crystal structure. On prolonging the experimental incubation, a relative drop in aspect ratio was observed, displaying a distinct blue-shift in the UV-visible spectrum. Furthermore, RBC lysis assay results concluded that ZNPA and ZNPB both demonstrated innoxious nature. As indicated by MTT assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, and chromatin condensation investigations against the human epidermoid carcinoma (HEC) A431 cells, ZNPB demonstrated viable relevance to chemotherapy. Compared to ZNPB, ZNPA had a slightly lower IC50 against A431 cells due to its small size. This study conclusively describes a simple, affordable method to produce ZNP nano-formulations that display significant cytotoxicity against the skin cancer cell line A431, suggesting that ZNPs may be useful in the treatment of cancer.
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