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Eraqi WA, El-Sabbagh WA, Aziz RK, Elshahed MS, Youssef NH, Elkenawy NM. Gastroprotective and microbiome-modulating effects of ubiquinol in rats with radiation-induced enteropathy. Anim Microbiome 2024; 6:40. [PMID: 39030597 PMCID: PMC11264694 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-024-00320-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation enteritis is a frequently encountered issue for patients receiving radiotherapy and has a significant impact on cancer patients' quality of life. The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in intestinal function, yet the impact of irradiation on gut microorganisms is not fully understood. This study explores the gastroprotective effect and gut microbiome-modulating potential of ubiquinol (Ubq), the reduced form of the powerful antioxidant CoQ-10. For this purpose, male albino rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Control, IRR (acute 7 Gy γ-radiation), Ubq_Post (Ubq for 7 days post-irradiation), and Ubq_Pre/Post (Ubq for 7 days pre and 7 days post-irradiation). The fecal microbiomes of all groups were profiled by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing followed by bioinformatics and statistical analysis. Histopathological examination of intestinal tissue indicated severe damage in the irradiated group, which was mitigated by ubiquinol with enhanced regeneration, goblet cells, and intestinal alkaline phosphatase expression. Compared to the irradiated group, the Ubq-treated groups had a significant recovery of intestinal interleukin-1β, caspase-3, nitric oxide metabolites, and thio-barbituric reactive substances to near-healthy levels. Ubq_Pre/Post group displayed elevated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-γ) level, suggesting heightened benefits. Serum insulin reduction in irradiated rats improved post-Ubq treatment, with a possible anti-inflammatory effect on the pancreatic tissue. Fecal microbiota profiling revealed a dysbiosis state with a reduction of bacterial diversity post-irradiation, which was re-modulated in the Ubq treated groups to profiles that are indistinguishable from the control group. These findings underscore Ubq's gastroprotective effects against radiation-induced enteritis and its potential in restoring the gut microbiota's diversity and balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa A Eraqi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Walaa A El-Sabbagh
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center of Radiation and Research Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Ramy K Aziz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
- Microbiology and Immunology Research Program, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, 11617, Egypt
| | - Mostafa S Elshahed
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74074, USA
| | - Noha H Youssef
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74074, USA
| | - Nora M Elkenawy
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center of Radiation and Research Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt.
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Lu L, Li F, Gao Y, Kang S, Li J, Guo J. Microbiome in radiotherapy: an emerging approach to enhance treatment efficacy and reduce tissue injury. Mol Med 2024; 30:105. [PMID: 39030525 PMCID: PMC11264922 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a widely used cancer treatment that utilizes powerful radiation to destroy cancer cells and shrink tumors. While radiation can be beneficial, it can also harm the healthy tissues surrounding the tumor. Recent research indicates that the microbiota, the collection of microorganisms in our body, may play a role in influencing the effectiveness and side effects of radiation therapy. Studies have shown that specific species of bacteria living in the stomach can influence the immune system's response to radiation, potentially increasing the effectiveness of treatment. Additionally, the microbiota may contribute to adverse effects like radiation-induced diarrhea. A potential strategy to enhance radiotherapy outcomes and capitalize on the microbiome involves using probiotics. Probiotics are living microorganisms that offer health benefits when consumed in sufficient quantities. Several studies have indicated that probiotics have the potential to alter the composition of the gut microbiota, resulting in an enhanced immune response to radiation therapy and consequently improving the efficacy of the treatment. It is important to note that radiation can disrupt the natural balance of gut bacteria, resulting in increased intestinal permeability and inflammatory conditions. These disruptions can lead to adverse effects such as diarrhea and damage to the intestinal lining. The emerging field of radiotherapy microbiome research offers a promising avenue for optimizing cancer treatment outcomes. This paper aims to provide an overview of the human microbiome and its role in augmenting radiation effectiveness while minimizing damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, No.1, Northwest New Village, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
- Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
- Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in, University of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Fengxiao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Shuhe Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, No.1, Northwest New Village, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in, University of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, No.1, Northwest New Village, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in, University of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jinwang Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, No.1, Northwest New Village, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in, University of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Wang Q, Guo F, Zhang Q, Hu T, Jin Y, Yang Y, Ma Y. Organoids in gastrointestinal diseases: from bench to clinic. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e574. [PMID: 38948115 PMCID: PMC11214594 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases is intricate and multifactorial, encompassing complex interactions between genetic predisposition and gut microbiota. The cell fate change, immune function regulation, and microenvironment composition in diseased tissues are governed by microorganisms and mutated genes either independently or through synergistic interactions. A comprehensive understanding of GI disease etiology is imperative for developing precise prevention and treatment strategies. However, the existing models used for studying the microenvironment in GI diseases-whether cancer cell lines or mouse models-exhibit significant limitations, which leads to the prosperity of organoids models. This review first describes the development history of organoids models, followed by a detailed demonstration of organoids application from bench to clinic. As for bench utilization, we present a layer-by-layer elucidation of organoid simulation on host-microbial interactions, as well as the application in molecular mechanism analysis. As for clinical adhibition, we provide a generalized interpretation of organoid application in GI disease simulation from inflammatory disorders to malignancy diseases, as well as in GI disease treatment including drug screening, immunotherapy, and microbial-targeting and screening treatment. This review draws a comprehensive and systematical depiction of organoids models, providing a novel insight into the utilization of organoids models from bench to clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinying Wang
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Cancer InstituteFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Fanying Guo
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qinyuan Zhang
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - TingTing Hu
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - YuTao Jin
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yongzhi Yang
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yanlei Ma
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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4
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Horseman TS, Frank AM, Cannon G, Zhai M, Olson MG, Lin B, Li X, Hull L, Xiao M, Kiang JG, Burmeister DM. Effects of combined ciprofloxacin and Neulasta therapy on intestinal pathology and gut microbiota after high-dose irradiation in mice. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1365161. [PMID: 38807988 PMCID: PMC11130442 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1365161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Treatments that currently exist in the strategic national stockpile for acute radiation syndrome (ARS) focus on the hematopoietic subsyndrome, with no treatments on gastrointestinal (GI)-ARS. While the gut microbiota helps maintain host homeostasis by mediating GI epithelial and mucosal integrity, radiation exposure can alter gut commensal microbiota which may leave the host susceptible to opportunistic pathogens and serious sequelae such as sepsis. To mitigate the effects of hematopoietic ARS irradiation, currently approved treatments exist in the form of colony stimulating factors and antibiotics: however, there are few studies examining how these therapeutics affect GI-ARS and the gut microbiota. The aim of our study was to examine the longitudinal effects of Neulasta and/or ciprofloxacin treatment on the gut microbiota after exposure to 9.5 Gy 60Co gamma-radiation in mice. Methods The gut microbiota of vehicle and drug-treated mice exposed to sham or gamma-radiation was characterized by shotgun sequencing with alpha diversity, beta diversity, and taxonomy analyzed on days 2, 4, 9, and 15 post-irradiation. Results No significant alpha diversity differences were observed following radiation, while beta diversity shifts and taxonomic profiles revealed significant alterations in Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus. Ciprofloxacin generally led to lower Shannon diversity and Bacteroides prevalence with increases in Akkermansia and Lactobacillus compared to vehicle treated and irradiated mice. While Neulasta increased Shannon diversity and by day 9 had more similar taxonomic profiles to sham than ciprofloxacin-or vehicle-treated irradiated animals. Combined therapy of Neulasta and ciprofloxacin induced a decrease in Shannon diversity and resulted in unique taxonomic profiles early post-irradiation, returning closer to vehicle-treated levels over time, but persistent increases in Akkermansia and Bacteroides compared to Neulasta alone. Discussion This study provides a framework for the identification of microbial elements that may influence radiosensitivity, biodosimetry and the efficacy of potential therapeutics. Moreover, increased survival from H-ARS using these therapeutics may affect the symptoms and appearance of what may have been subclinical GI-ARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S. Horseman
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrew M. Frank
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Georgetta Cannon
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Min Zhai
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Matthew G. Olson
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bin Lin
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Xianghong Li
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lisa Hull
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mang Xiao
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Juliann G. Kiang
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David M. Burmeister
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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5
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Kang EJ, Kim JH, Kim YE, Lee H, Jung KB, Chang DH, Lee Y, Park S, Lee EY, Lee EJ, Kang HB, Rhyoo MY, Seo S, Park S, Huh Y, Go J, Choi JH, Choi YK, Lee IB, Choi DH, Seo YJ, Noh JR, Kim KS, Hwang JH, Jeong JS, Kwon HJ, Yoo HM, Son MY, Kim YG, Lee DH, Kim TY, Kwon HJ, Kim MH, Kim BC, Kim YH, Kang D, Lee CH. The secreted protein Amuc_1409 from Akkermansia muciniphila improves gut health through intestinal stem cell regulation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2983. [PMID: 38582860 PMCID: PMC10998920 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila has received great attention because of its beneficial roles in gut health by regulating gut immunity, promoting intestinal epithelial development, and improving barrier integrity. However, A. muciniphila-derived functional molecules regulating gut health are not well understood. Microbiome-secreted proteins act as key arbitrators of host-microbiome crosstalk through interactions with host cells in the gut and are important for understanding host-microbiome relationships. Herein, we report the biological function of Amuc_1409, a previously uncharacterised A. muciniphila-secreted protein. Amuc_1409 increased intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation and regeneration in ex vivo intestinal organoids and in vivo models of radiation- or chemotherapeutic drug-induced intestinal injury and natural aging with male mice. Mechanistically, Amuc_1409 promoted E-cadherin/β-catenin complex dissociation via interaction with E-cadherin, resulting in the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our results demonstrate that Amuc_1409 plays a crucial role in intestinal homeostasis by regulating ISC activity in an E-cadherin-dependent manner and is a promising biomolecule for improving and maintaining gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Kang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Livestock Products Analysis Division, Division of Animal health, Daejeon Metropolitan City Institute of Health and Environment, Daejeon, 34146, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Eun Kim
- Group for Biometrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
- School of Earth Sciences & Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Lee
- Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Bo Jung
- Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Chang
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjin Lee
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinhye Park
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Lee
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Bum Kang
- Synthetic Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Young Rhyoo
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Seo
- School of Earth Sciences & Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Park
- Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yubin Huh
- Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Go
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyeon Choi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Keun Choi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Bok Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Choi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Seo
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ran Noh
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Shim Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Hwang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Seon Jeong
- Group for Biometrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Measurement Science, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) School of Precision Measurement, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Jeong Kwon
- Group for Biometrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Min Yoo
- Group for Biometrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Measurement Science, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) School of Precision Measurement, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Son
- Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Gu Kim
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Biological Engineering, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hee Lee
- Synthetic Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- School of Earth Sciences & Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hee Kim
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Chan Kim
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- HealthBiome Inc., Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dukjin Kang
- Group for Biometrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Wang W, Cui B, Nie Y, Sun L, Zhang F. Radiation injury and gut microbiota-based treatment. Protein Cell 2024; 15:83-97. [PMID: 37470727 PMCID: PMC10833463 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwad044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The exposure to either medical sources or accidental radiation can cause varying degrees of radiation injury (RI). RI is a common disease involving multiple human body parts and organs, yet effective treatments are currently limited. Accumulating evidence suggests gut microbiota are closely associated with the development and prevention of various RI. This article summarizes 10 common types of RI and their possible mechanisms. It also highlights the changes and potential microbiota-based treatments for RI, including probiotics, metabolites, and microbiota transplantation. Additionally, a 5P-Framework is proposed to provide a comprehensive strategy for managing RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Wang
- Department of Microbiota Medicine and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
- Department of Microbiotherapy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Bota Cui
- Department of Microbiota Medicine and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
- Department of Microbiotherapy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Faming Zhang
- Department of Microbiota Medicine and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
- Department of Microbiotherapy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xi’an 710032, China
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7
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Lu Q, Liang Y, Tian S, Jin J, Zhao Y, Fan H. Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury: Injury Mechanism and Potential Treatment Strategies. TOXICS 2023; 11:1011. [PMID: 38133412 PMCID: PMC10747544 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11121011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) is one of the most common intestinal complications caused by radiotherapy for pelvic and abdominal tumors and it seriously affects the quality of life of patients. However, the treatment of acute RIII is essentially symptomatic and nutritional support treatment and an ideal means of prevention and treatment is lacking. Researchers have conducted studies at the cellular and animal levels and found that some chemical or biological agents have good therapeutic effects on RIII and may be used as potential candidates for clinical treatment. This article reviews the injury mechanism and potential treatment strategies based on cellular and animal experiments to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of RIII in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Lu
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (S.T.); (J.J.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yangfan Liang
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (S.T.); (J.J.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Sijia Tian
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (S.T.); (J.J.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (S.T.); (J.J.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yanmei Zhao
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (S.T.); (J.J.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haojun Fan
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (S.T.); (J.J.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
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Zhang D, Zhou X, Zhou W, Cui SW, Nie S. Intestinal organoids: A thriving and powerful tool for investigating dietary nutrients-intestinal homeostasis axis. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113109. [PMID: 37689878 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Dietary nutrients regulate intestinal homeostasis through a variety of complex mechanisms, to affect the host health. Nowadays, various models have been used to investigate the dietary nutrients-intestinal homeostasis axis. Different from the limited flux in animal experiments, limited intestinal cell types and distorted simulation of intestinal environment of 2D cells, intestinal organoid (IO) is a 3D culture system of mini-gut with various intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and producibility of intestinal biology. Therefore, IOs is a powerful tool to evaluate dietary nutrients-intestinal homeostasis interaction. This review summarized the application of IOs in the investigation of mechanisms for macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and fats) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) affecting intestinal homeostasis directly or indirectly (polysaccharides-intestinal bacteria, proteins-amino acids). In addition, new perspectives of IOs in combination with advanced biological techniques and their applications in precise nutrition were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoduo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
| | - Wengan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Steve W Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph Research and Development Centre, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario NIG 5C9, Canada
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
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9
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Zhan X, Zuo Q, Huang G, Qi Z, Wang Y, Zhu S, Zhong Y, Xiong Y, Chen T, Tan B. Tripterygium glycosides sensitizes cisplatin chemotherapeutic potency by modulating gut microbiota in epithelial ovarian cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1236272. [PMID: 37818040 PMCID: PMC10560985 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1236272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a fatal gynecological malignancy with limited therapeutic options. Previous research has demonstrated that Tripterygium glycosides (GTW) can enhance effectiveness of cisplatin (DDP) chemotherapy against EOC. However, the underlying mechanism of GTW alleviating EOC still remains unclear. In this article, an ID8 cell-derived xenograft mouse model was established to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of GTW combined with DDP. Consistent with previous findings, the results suggested that GTW combined with DDP can exhibit a stronger tumor suppressive effect than DDP alone. Additionally, GTW was found can further exert gastrointestinal protection against DDP by reducing pathological damage on colon tissue. Secondly, to verify whether gut microbiota play an instrumental role in GTW's anticancer effect, we treated mice models with antibiotic to eliminate gut microbiota. And our experimental results indicated that all drug groups showed a weaker tumor suppressive effect and more severe gastrointestinal damage post antibiotic supplement. At genus level, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was dramatically diminished by the antibiotic treatment, while combined treatment of GTW and DDP can significantly restore the level. Moreover, we performed Lactobacillus acidophilus transplantation and healthy mice fecal microbiota transplantation experiments to further investigate the link between the anticancer effect of GTW and gut microbiota. Our results suggested that both cisplatin-sensitizing and intestinal barrier-protecting effects of GTW can be recovered to a different extent. In conclusion, our results indicated that GTW is a promising chemosensitization and intestinal barrier repair drug for EOC, and the potential mechanism may corelate with the restoration of the compromised intestinal microbial balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Zhan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Zuo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ji’an Central People’s Hospital, Ji’an, China
| | - Genhua Huang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhanghua Qi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yufan Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Sihong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanying Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yifei Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Buzhen Tan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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10
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Feng Y, Wu X, Hu D, Wang C, Chen Q, Ni Y. Comparison of the Effects of Feeding Compound Probiotics and Antibiotics on Growth Performance, Gut Microbiota, and Small Intestine Morphology in Yellow-Feather Broilers. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2308. [PMID: 37764152 PMCID: PMC10535644 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was devoted to the comparison of the probiotic effect of compound probiotics to antibiotics as a feed additive for chicken. Two hundred and seventy newly hatched yellow-feather broilers were randomly divided into three groups: the control group (Con), probiotics (Pb), and antibiotics group (Ab). The Pb group received compound probiotics (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus faecalis, and yeast) via drinking water for 24 days. The Ab group received antibiotics (zinc bacitracin and colistin sulfate) in their diet for 24 days. All broilers were slaughtered on day 42. Compared with the Con group, the body weight was significantly increased on days 13, 28, and 42 in the Pb group (p < 0.05), and markedly increased on day 28 in the Ab group (p < 0.05). Compared with the Ab group, the body weight of the broilers in the Pb group increased significantly on day 13 (p < 0.05). Compared to the Con and Pb groups, the antibiotics treatment reduced the feed intake (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the feed conversion ratio between the Ab and Pb groups (p > 0.05). The feed conversion ratio of the broilers treated with antibiotics or probiotics significantly decreased compared to the Con group (p < 0.05). The depth of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum crypts in the Pb group decreased significantly compared to the Con and Ab group (p < 0.05). The ratio of the villi length to crypt depth of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum epithelium was significantly increased in the Pb group compared to the Con group (p < 0.05). The genera Bacteroides and Barnesiella were the most significantly enriched bacteria in the Ab and Pb groups, respectively (p < 0.05). The expression of the genes related to antibiotic resistance was significantly decreased in the Pb group compared to the Ab group (p < 0.05). Although both compound probiotics and antibiotics can improve growth performance, antibiotics increased the abundance of harmful bacteria and drug-resistant genes, while probiotics increased Barnesiella abundance, which is related to a decrease in the drug-resistant gene expression. Moreover, the probiotics treatment improved small intestinal morphology and fecal emissions, while antibiotics have no significant effect on these indicators, indicating a bright future for probiotics as an alternative to feed antibiotics in the yellow-feather broiler industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Canyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yingdong Ni
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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11
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Fernandes A, Oliveira A, Soares R, Barata P. The Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Gut Microbiota: What Can Animal Models Tell Us?-A Systematic Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3877-3910. [PMID: 37232718 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota is relatively stable; however, various factors can precipitate an imbalance that is known to be associated with various diseases. We aimed to conduct a systematic literature review of studies reporting the effects of ionizing radiation on the composition, richness, and diversity of the gut microbiota of animals. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases. The standard methodologies expected by Cochrane were utilized. RESULTS We identified 3531 non-duplicated records and selected twenty-nine studies after considering the defined inclusion criteria. The studies were found to be heterogeneous, with significant differences in the chosen populations, methodologies, and outcomes. Overall, we found evidence of an association between ionizing radiation exposure and dysbiosis, with a reduction of microbiota diversity and richness and alterations in the taxonomic composition. Although differences in taxonomic composition varied across studies, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Alistipes, and Akkermancia most consistently reported to be relatively more abundant after ionizing radiation exposure, whereas Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Lactobacillus were relatively reduced. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the effect of ionizing exposure on gut microbiota diversity, richness, and composition. It paves the way for further studies on human subjects regarding gastrointestinal side effects in patients submitted to treatments with ionizing radiation and the development of potential preventive, therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Fernandes
- Department Nuclear Medicine, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, E.P.E., 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Oliveira
- Department Nuclear Medicine, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, E.P.E., 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Soares
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Barata
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal
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12
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Intestinal organoids as advanced modeling platforms to study the role of host-microbiome interaction in homeostasis and disease. BMB Rep 2023; 56:15-23. [PMID: 36379514 PMCID: PMC9887104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
After birth, animals are colonized by a diverse community of microorganisms. The digestive tract is known to contain the largest number of microbiome in the body. With emergence of the gut-brain axis, the importance of gut microbiome and its metabolites in host health has been extensively studied in recent years. The establishment of organoid culture systems has contributed to studying intestinal pathophysiology by replacing current limited models. Owing to their architectural and functional complexity similar to a real organ, co-culture of intestinal organoids with gut microbiome can provide mechanistic insights into the detrimental role of pathobiont and the homeostatic function of commensal symbiont. Here organoid-based bacterial co-culture techniques for modeling host-microbe interactions are reviewed. This review also summarizes representative studies that explore impact of enteric microorganisms on intestinal organoids to provide a better understanding of host-microbe interaction in the context of homeostasis and disease. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(1): 15-23].
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13
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Wang W, Geng M, Zhu C, Huang L, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Zhao C, Zhang T, Du X, Wang N. Protective Effects and Mechanism of a Novel Probiotic Strain Ligilactobacillus salivarius YL20 against Cronobacter sakazakii-Induced Necrotizing Enterocolitis In Vitro and In Vivo. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183827. [PMID: 36145205 PMCID: PMC9501190 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to probiotics in early life contributes to host intestinal development and prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii), an opportunistic pathogen, can cause NEC, bacteremia, and meningitis in neonates, but the research of probiotics against C. sakazakii is limited relative to other enteropathogens. Here, the protective effect and mechanism of a novel probiotic Ligilactobacillus salivarius (L. salivarius) YL20 isolated from breast milk on C. sakazakii-induced intestinal injury were explored by using two in vitro models, including an C. sakazakii-infected intestinal organoid model and intestinal barrier model, as well as an in vivo experimental animal model. Our results revealed that L. salivarius YL20 could promote epithelial cell proliferation in intestinal organoids, rescue budding-impaired organoids, prevent the decrease of mRNA levels of leucine-rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5), zonula occludens-1 (Zo-1) and Occludin, and reverse C. sakazakii-induced low level of Mucin 2 (MUC2) in intestinal organoids. Additionally, YL20 could inhibit C. sakazakii invasion, increase the expression of ZO-1 and occludin in C. sakazakii-infected HT-29 cells, and reverse TEER decrease and corresponding permeability increase across C. sakazakii-infected Caco-2 monolayers. Furthermore, YL20 administration could alleviate NEC in C. sakazakii-infected neonatal mice by increasing the mice survival ratio, decreasing pathology scores, and downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. Meanwhile, YL20 could also enhance intestinal barrier function in vivo by increasing the number of goblet cells, the level of MUC-2 and the expression of ZO-1. Our overall findings demonstrated for the first time the beneficial effects of L. salivarius YL20 against C. sakazakii-induced NEC by improving intestinal stem cell function and enhancing intestinal barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (N.W.); Tel.: +86-451-55665478 (W.W.); +86-22-60602099 (N.W.)
| | - Meng Geng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Caixia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Tengxun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Chongjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Tongcun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xinjun Du
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin 300457, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (N.W.); Tel.: +86-451-55665478 (W.W.); +86-22-60602099 (N.W.)
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14
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Rengachar P, Bhatt AN, Polavarapu S, Veeramani S, Krishnan A, Sadananda M, Das UN. Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA) Protects against Ionizing Radiation-Induced Damage: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060797. [PMID: 35740923 PMCID: PMC9221136 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation is pro-inflammatory in nature in view of its ability to induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors with associated inflammatory cells. Cells are efficient in repairing radiation-induced DNA damage; however, exactly how this happens is not clear. In the present study, GLA reduced DNA damage (as evidenced by micronuclei formation) and enhanced metabolic viability, which led to an increase in the number of surviving RAW 264.7 cells in vitro by reducing ROS generation, and restoring the activities of desaturases, COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX enzymes, TNF-α/TGF-β, NF-kB/IkB, and Bcl-2/Bax ratios, and iNOS, AIM-2, and caspases 1 and 3, to near normal. These in vitro beneficial actions were confirmed by in vivo studies, which revealed that the survival of female C57BL/6J mice exposed to lethal radiation (survival~20%) is significantly enhanced (to ~80%) by GLA treatment by restoring altered levels of duodenal HMGB1, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 concentrations, as well as the expression of NF-kB, IkB, Bcl-2, Bax, delta-6-desaturase, COX-2, and 5-LOX genes, and pro- and anti-oxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase, glutathione), to near normal. These in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that GLA protects cells/tissues from lethal doses of radiation by producing appropriate changes in inflammation and its resolution in a timely fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorani Rengachar
- BioScience Research Centre, Department of Medicine, GVP Medical College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam 530048, India; (P.R.); (S.P.)
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi 110054, India;
| | - Anant Narayan Bhatt
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi 110054, India;
| | - Sailaja Polavarapu
- BioScience Research Centre, Department of Medicine, GVP Medical College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam 530048, India; (P.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Senthil Veeramani
- Quality Assurance Laboratory, Ship Building Centre, Vishakhapatnam 530014, India;
| | - Anand Krishnan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Queen’s NRI Hospital, Vishakhapatnam 530013, India;
| | - Monika Sadananda
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalore 574199, India;
| | - Undurti N. Das
- BioScience Research Centre, Department of Medicine, GVP Medical College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam 530048, India; (P.R.); (S.P.)
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalore 574199, India;
- UND Life Sciences, 2221 NW 5th St., Battle Ground, WA 98604, USA
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Sangareddy 502284, India
- Department of Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai 600116, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +508-904-5376
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15
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Wei S, Peng W, Zhang C, Su L, Zhang Z, Wang J, Huang C, Chu Z. Cordyceps sinensis aqueous extract regulates the adaptive immunity of mice subjected to 60 Co γ irradiation. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5163-5177. [PMID: 34236103 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cordyceps sinensis (CS) is a traditional Chinese medicine that is known for treating various diseases, and particularly for exerting therapeutic effects in immune disorders. The adaptive immunoregulatory effects of CS aqueous extract (CSAE) on γ-irradiated mice have not been reported previously. The study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of CSAE in mice immunosuppressed by irradiation. We observed that CSAE administration significantly increased body weight and spleen index, as well as the number of white blood cells, lymphocytes, and platelets in peripheral blood, T and B lymphocytes in spleen tissue, and total serum immunoglobulins in irradiated mice, whereas total serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were decreased. Collectively, CSAE maintained the structural integrity of spleen tissue and repaired its damage in irradiated mice as shown by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and decreased the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling-positive splenocytes. Mechanistically, CSAE upregulated Bcl-2, and downregulated Bax and cleaved caspase-3 in spleen of irradiated mice. However, there were no significant differences in red blood cells and neutrophils in different groups. The results revealed that CSAE had protective effects against irradiation-induced immunosuppression, which was likely associated with an antiapoptotic effect and the regulation of adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.,Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibiao Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.,Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiachun Wang
- Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiguo Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.,Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Segers C, Mysara M, Claesen J, Baatout S, Leys N, Lebeer S, Verslegers M, Mastroleo F. Intestinal mucositis precedes dysbiosis in a mouse model for pelvic irradiation. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 1:24. [PMID: 36737646 PMCID: PMC9723693 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-021-00024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pelvic radiotherapy is known to evoke intestinal mucositis and dysbiosis. Currently, there are no effective therapies available to mitigate these injuries, which is partly due to a lack of insight into the events causing mucositis and dysbiosis. Here, the complex interplay between the murine host and its microbiome following pelvic irradiation was mapped by characterizing intestinal mucositis along with extensive 16S microbial profiling. We demonstrated important morphological and inflammatory implications within one day after exposure, thereby impairing intestinal functionality and inducing translocation of intraluminal bacteria into mesenteric lymph nodes as innovatively quantified by flow cytometry. Concurrent 16S microbial profiling revealed a delayed impact of pelvic irradiation on beta diversity. Analysis of composition of microbiomes identified biomarkers for pelvic irradiation. Among them, members of the families Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Porphyromonadaceae were differentially affected. Altogether, our unprecedented findings showed how pelvic irradiation evoked structural and functional changes in the intestine, which secondarily resulted in a microbiome shift. Therefore, the presented in vivo irradiation-gut-microbiome platform allows further research into the pathobiology of pelvic irradiation-induced intestinal mucositis and resultant dysbiosis, as well as the exploration of mitigating treatments including drugs and food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Segers
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Mysara
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Jürgen Claesen
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Natalie Leys
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mieke Verslegers
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Felice Mastroleo
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium.
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