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Zhang R, Miao J, Zhang K, Zhang B, Luo X, Sun H, Zheng Z, Zhu P. Th1-Like Treg Cells Are Increased But Deficient in Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:863753. [PMID: 35603149 PMCID: PMC9114761 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.863753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the changes in quantity and function of T helper (Th)-like T regulatory (Treg) cell subsets in peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and to understand their relationship with disease activity. METHODS A total of 86 RA patients and 76 gender and age-matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. Th-like Treg frequency and function were determined using flow cytometry. The inhibitory function of Th-like Treg cells was detected using an in vitro co-culture suppression assay. RESULTS The proportion and absolute number of Th1-like Treg cells from RA PB and RA SF were significantly higher than those of HC PB. In RA SF, the proportions of Treg cells and Th1-like Treg cells were significantly lower in the elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate or the C-Reactive Protein group, and in the positive groups of anti-CCP antibody and anti-MCV antibody. Additionally, the proportions of Treg cells and Th1-like Treg cells from RA SF were negatively correlated with disease activity. However, the expression levels of CD73 and TGF-β1 in Th1-like Treg cells were decreased, and these Treg cells could not effectively inhibit the proliferation of effector T (Teff) cells. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that Th1-like Treg cells are the predominant Treg cell subset in RA SF, but their suppressive function is defective. Improving the function of Th1-like Treg cells may control inflammation in joints and provide new strategies for Treg-targeted therapies in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Chinese People's Liberation Army. (PLA) Specialized Research Institute of Rheumatoid & Immunology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Special Service Convalescence, Air Force Healthcare Center for Special Services, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinlin Miao
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Chinese People's Liberation Army. (PLA) Specialized Research Institute of Rheumatoid & Immunology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Chinese People's Liberation Army. (PLA) Specialized Research Institute of Rheumatoid & Immunology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Chinese People's Liberation Army. (PLA) Specialized Research Institute of Rheumatoid & Immunology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xing Luo
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Chinese People's Liberation Army. (PLA) Specialized Research Institute of Rheumatoid & Immunology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haoyang Sun
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Chinese People's Liberation Army. (PLA) Specialized Research Institute of Rheumatoid & Immunology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhaohui Zheng
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Chinese People's Liberation Army. (PLA) Specialized Research Institute of Rheumatoid & Immunology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaohui Zheng, ; Ping Zhu,
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Chinese People's Liberation Army. (PLA) Specialized Research Institute of Rheumatoid & Immunology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaohui Zheng, ; Ping Zhu,
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Saavedra F, Díaz FE, Retamal‐Díaz A, Covián C, González PA, Kalergis AM. Immune response during hantavirus diseases: implications for immunotherapies and vaccine design. Immunology 2021; 163:262-277. [PMID: 33638192 PMCID: PMC8207335 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses, previously named hantaviruses, cause two emerging zoonotic diseases: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the Americas. Overall, over 200 000 cases are registered every year worldwide, with a fatality rate ranging between 0·1% and 15% for HFRS and between 20% and 40% for HCPS. No specific treatment or vaccines have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat or prevent hantavirus-caused syndromes. Currently, little is known about the mechanisms at the basis of hantavirus-induced disease. However, it has been hypothesized that an excessive inflammatory response plays an essential role in the course of the disease. Furthermore, the contributions of the cellular immune response to either viral clearance or pathology have not been fully elucidated. This article discusses recent findings relative to the immune responses elicited to hantaviruses in subjects suffering HFRS or HCPS, highlighting the similarities and differences between these two clinical diseases. Also, we summarize the most recent data about the cellular immune response that could be important for designing new vaccines to prevent this global public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farides Saavedra
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Fabián E. Díaz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Angello Retamal‐Díaz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Camila Covián
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Pablo A. González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de EndocrinologíaFacultad de MedicinaEscuela de MedicinaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
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Salinas TP, Garrido JL, Salazar JR, Gonzalez P, Zambrano N, Fuentes-Villalobos F, Bravo F, Fica-Leon V, Salas-Burgos A, Calvo M, Alvarez R, Armien B, Barria MI. Cytokine Profiles and Antibody Response Associated to Choclo Orthohantavirus Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:603228. [PMID: 33815363 PMCID: PMC8017165 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.603228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background New World Hantaviruses (NWHs) are the etiological agent underlying hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), a severe respiratory disease with high mortality rates in humans. In Panama, infections with Choclo Orthohantavirus (CHOV) cause a much milder illness characterized by higher seroprevalence and lower mortality rates. To date, the cytokine profiles and antibody responses associated with this milder form of HCPS have not been defined. Therefore, in this study, we examined immune serological profiles associated with CHOV infections. Methods For this retrospective study, sera from fifteen individuals with acute CHOV-induced HCPS, were analyzed alongside sera from fifteen convalescent phase individuals and thirty-three asymptomatic, CHOV-seropositive individuals. Cytokine profiles were analyzed by multiplex immunoassay. Antibody subclasses, binding, and neutralization against CHOV-glycoprotein (CHOV-GP) were evaluated by ELISA, and flow cytometry. Results High titers of IFNγ, IL-4, IL-8, and IL-10 serum cytokines were found in the acute individuals. Elevated IL-4 serum levels were found in convalescent and asymptomatic seropositive individuals. High titers of IgG1 subclass were observed across the three cohorts analyzed. Neutralizing antibody response against CHOV-GP was detectable in few acute individuals but was strong in both convalescent and asymptomatic seropositive individuals. Conclusion A Th1/Th2 cytokine signature is characteristic during acute mild HCPS caused by CHOV infection. High expression of Th2 and IL-8 cytokines are correlated with clinical parameters in acute mild HCPS. In addition, a strong IL-4 signature is associated with different cohorts, including asymptomatic individuals. Furthermore, asymptomatic individuals presented high titers of neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tybbysay P Salinas
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City, Panama
| | - Jose L Garrido
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Ichor Biologics LLC, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jacqueline R Salazar
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City, Panama
| | - Publio Gonzalez
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City, Panama
| | - Nicole Zambrano
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Francisco Fuentes-Villalobos
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Felipe Bravo
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Ichor Biologics LLC, New York, NY, United States
| | - Victor Fica-Leon
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Alexis Salas-Burgos
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Mario Calvo
- Institute of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | - Blas Armien
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City, Panama.,Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SIN), SENACYT, Panama City, Panama
| | - Maria Ines Barria
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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