1
|
Zawadka P, Zielińska W, Gagat M, Izdebska M. Role of Filamin A in Growth and Migration of Breast Cancer-Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3408-3423. [PMID: 38666944 PMCID: PMC11049233 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite ongoing research in the field of breast cancer, the morbidity rates indicate that the disease remains a significant challenge. While patients with primary tumors have relatively high survival rates, these chances significantly decrease once metastasis begins. Thus, exploring alternative approaches, such as targeting proteins overexpressed in malignancies, remains significant. Filamin A (FLNa), an actin-binding protein (ABP), is involved in various cellular processes, including cell migration, adhesion, proliferation, and DNA repair. Overexpression of the protein was confirmed in samples from patients with numerous oncological diseases such as prostate, lung, gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic cancer, as well as breast cancer. Although most researchers concur on its role in promoting breast cancer progression and aggressiveness, discrepancies exist among studies. Moreover, the precise mechanisms through which FLNa affects cell migration, invasion, and even cancer progression remain unclear, highlighting the need for further research. To evaluate FLNa's potential as a therapeutic target, we have summarized its roles in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Zawadka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.I.)
| | - Wioletta Zielińska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.I.)
| | - Maciej Gagat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.I.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Mazovian Academy in Płock, 09-402 Płock, Poland
| | - Magdalena Izdebska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.Z.); (W.Z.); (M.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang W, Zhang S, Lin J, Ding Y, Jiang N, Zhang J, Zhao H, Chen F. Rare loss-of-function variants in FLNB cause non-syndromic orofacial clefts. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:222-229. [PMID: 37003352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are the most common congenital craniofacial disorders, of which the etiology is closely related to rare coding variants. Filamin B (FLNB) is an actin-binding protein implicated in bone formation. FLNB mutations have been identified in several types of syndromic OFCs and previous studies suggest a role of FLNB in the onset of non-syndromic OFCs (NSOFCs). Here, we report two rare heterozygous variants (p.P441T and p.G565R) in FLNB in two unrelated hereditary families with NSOFCs. Bioinformatics analysis suggests that both variants may disrupt the function of FLNB. In mammalian cells, p.P441T and p.G565R variants are less potent to induce cell stretches than wild type FLNB, suggesting that they are loss-of-function mutations. Immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrates that FLNB is abundantly expressed during palatal development. Importantly, Flnb-/- embryos display cleft palates and previously defined skeletal defects. Taken together, our findings reveal that FLNB is required for development of palates in mice and FLNB is a bona fide causal gene for NSOFCs in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China; Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Shiying Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiuxiang Lin
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100101, China; Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jieni Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Huaxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100101, China; Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Luo H, Wu X, Huo B, Liu L, Jiang DS, Yi X. The roles of METTL3 on autophagy and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells are mediated by mTOR rather than by CDK1. Cell Div 2023; 18:13. [PMID: 37559091 PMCID: PMC10411010 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-023-00096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is the cause of neointima formation followed by vascular injury. Autophagy is involved in this pathological process, but its function is controversial. Recently, we found that methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) inhibited VSMC proliferation by activating autophagosome formation. Moreover, we also demonstrated that METTL3 reduced the levels of phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) and cyclin dependent kinase 1 (p-CDK1/CDC2), which were critical for autophagy and proliferation regulation. However, whether mTOR and CDK1 mediated the function of METTL3 on autophagy and proliferation in VSMCs remains unknown. RESULTS We showed that the activator of mTOR, MHY1485 largely reversed the effects of METTL3 overexpression on VSMC autophagy and proliferation. Rapamycin, the inhibitor of mTOR, obviously nullified the pro-proliferation effects of METTL3 knockdown by activating autophagy in VSMCs. Unexpectedly, mTOR did not contribute to the impacts of METTL3 on migration and phenotypic switching of VSMCs. On the other hand, by knockdown of CDK1 in VSMC with METTL3 deficiency, we demonstrated that CDK1 was involved in METTL3-regulated proliferation of VSMCs, but this effect was not mediated by autophagy. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that mTOR but not CDK1 mediated the role of METTL3 on VSMC proliferation and autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanshen Luo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xingliang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Huo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Liyuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Luo X, Yang Z, Zeng J, Chen J, Chen N, Jiang X, Wei Q, Yi P, Xu J. Mutation of FLNA attenuating the migration of abdominal muscles contributed to Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS) in a family with recurrent miscarriage. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2023; 11:e2145. [PMID: 36734119 PMCID: PMC10178794 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Filamin A, encoded by the X-linked gene FLNA, links the cell membrane with the cytoskeleton and acts as a regulator of the actin cytoskeleton. Mutations in FLNA cause a large spectrum of congenital malformations during embryonic development, including Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS). However, reports of MNS, especially in males, are rare, and the pathogenesis molecular mechanisms are not well understood. METHODS We found a family with two consecutive miscarriages of similar fetuses with multiple malformations. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and tissues, and whole exome sequencing was performed for genetic analysis. Then, we created a C57BL/6 mouse with a point mutation by CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome engineering. The migration of primary abdominal muscle cell was detected by wound healing assay. RESULTS The first fetus showed congenital hygroma colli and omphalocele identified by ultrasound at 12 wks; the second fetus showed hygroma colli and thoraco abdominoschisis at 12 wks, with a new hemizygous mutation c.4420G>A in exon 26 of the FLNA gene, which is predicted to cause an amino acid substitution (p.Asp1474Asn). The mother and grandmother were both present in the c.4420G>A heterozygous state, and the mother's healthy brother had wild-type FLNA. These FLNA-mutated mice exhibited a broader central gap between the rectus abdominis than the wild type (WT), similar to the midline structure dysplasia of the abdominal wall in the two fetuses. Wound healing assays showed the attenuated migration capacity of abdominal muscle cells in mice with mutated FLNA. Finally, we summarized the cases of MNS with FLNA mutation from the accessible published literature thus far. CONCLUSION Our research revealed a mutation site of the FLNA for MNS and explored the mechanism of midline structure dysplasia in the abdominal wall of male patients, which could provide more evidence for the clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling of families with these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zailin Yang
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yubei District Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ningxuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinlv Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zheng Y, Ma H, Yan Y, Ye P, Yu W, Lin S, Chen SL. Deficiency of filamin A in smooth muscle cells protects against hypoxia‑mediated pulmonary hypertension in mice. Int J Mol Med 2023; 51:22. [PMID: 36704846 PMCID: PMC9911089 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Filamin A (FLNA) is a high molecular weight cytoskeleton protein important for cell locomotion. A relationship between FLNA mutations and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has previously been reported; however, the detailed mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the role of FLNA in vascular smooth muscle cells during the development of PAH. Smooth muscle cell (SMC)‑specific FLNA‑deficient mice were generated and the mice were then exposed to hypoxia for 28 days to build the mouse model of PAH. Human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were also cultured and transfected with FLNA small interfering RNA or overexpression plasmids to investigate the effects of FLNA on PASMC proliferation and migration. Notably, compared with control individuals, the expression levels of FLNA were increased in lung tissues from patients with PAH, and it was obviously expressed in the PASMCs of pulmonary arterioles. FLNA deficiency in SMCs attenuated hypoxia‑induced pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vascular remodeling. In vitro studies suggested that absence of FLNA impaired PASMC proliferation and migration, and produced lower levels of phosphorylated (p)‑PAK‑1 and RAC1 activity. However, FLNA overexpression promoted PASMC proliferation and migration, and increased the expression levels of p‑PAK‑1 and RAC1 activity. The present study highlights the role of FLNA in pulmonary vascular remodeling; therefore, it could serve as a potential target for the treatment of PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaguo Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yufeng Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Wande Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Song Lin or Dr Shao-Liang Chen, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Qinhuai, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Shao-Liang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Song Lin or Dr Shao-Liang Chen, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Qinhuai, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fang ZM, Zhang SM, Luo H, Jiang DS, Huo B, Zhong X, Feng X, Cheng W, Chen Y, Feng G, Wu X, Zhao F, Yi X. Methyltransferase-like 3 suppresses phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells by activating autophagosome formation. Cell Prolif 2022; 56:e13386. [PMID: 36564367 PMCID: PMC10068948 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention of neointima formation is the key to improving long-term outcomes after stenting or coronary artery bypass grafting. RNA N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) methylation has been reported to be involved in the development of various cardiovascular diseases, but whether it has a regulatory effect on neointima formation is unknown. Herein, we revealed that methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), the major methyltransferase of m6 A methylation, was downregulated during vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and neointima formation. Knockdown of METTL3 facilitated, while overexpression of METTL3 suppressed the proliferation of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) by arresting HASMCs at G2/M checkpoint and the phosphorylation of CDC2 (p-CDC2) was inactivated by METTL3. On the other hand, the migration and synthetic phenotype of HASMCs were enhanced by METTL3 knockdown, but inhibited by METTL3 overexpression. The protein levels of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), MMP7 and MMP9 were reduced, while the expression level of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 was increased in HASMCs with METTL3 overexpression. Moreover, METTL3 promoted the autophagosome formation by upregulating the expression of ATG5 (autophagy-related 5) and ATG7. Knockdown of either ATG5 or ATG7 largely reversed the regulatory effects of METTL3 overexpression on phenotypic switching of HASMCs, as evidenced by increased proliferation and migration, and predisposed to synthetic phenotype. These results indicate that METTL3 inhibits the phenotypic switching of VSMCs by positively regulating ATG5-mediated and ATG7-mediated autophagosome formation. Thus, enhancing the level of RNA m6 A or the formation of autophagosomes is the promising strategy to delay neointima formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Min Fang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shu-Min Zhang
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Fuwai Hospital CAMS&PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Hanshen Luo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Huo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhong
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenlin Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gaoke Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingliang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
He Y, Yi X, Zhang Z, Luo H, Li R, Feng X, Fang ZM, Zhu XH, Cheng W, Jiang DS, Zhao F, Wei X. JIB-04, a histone demethylase Jumonji C domain inhibitor, regulates phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:101. [PMID: 35964071 PMCID: PMC9375951 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01321-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype switching is critical for neointima formation, which is the major cause of restenosis after stenting or coronary artery bypass grafting. However, the epigenetic mechanisms regulating phenotype switching of VSMCs, especially histone methylation, are not well understood. As a main component of histone lysine demethylases, Jumonji demethylases might be involved in VSMC phenotype switching and neointima formation. Methods and results A mouse carotid injury model and VSMC proliferation model were constructed to investigate the relationship between histone methylation of H3K36 (downstream target molecule of Jumonji demethylase) and neointima formation. We found that the methylation levels of H3K36 negatively correlated with VSMC proliferation and neointima formation. Next, we revealed that JIB-04 (a pan-inhibitor of the Jumonji demethylase superfamily) could increase the methylation levels of H3K36. Furthermore, we found that JIB-04 obviously inhibited HASMC proliferation, and a cell cycle assay showed that JIB-04 caused G2/M phase arrest in HASMCs by inhibiting the phosphorylation of RB and CDC2 and promoting the phosphorylation of CHK1. Moreover, JIB-04 inhibited the expression of MMP2 to suppress the migration of HASMCs and repressed the expression of contraction-related genes. RNA sequencing analysis showed that the biological processes associated with the cell cycle and autophagy were enriched by using Gene Ontology analysis after HASMCs were treated with JIB-04. Furthermore, we demonstrated that JIB-04 impairs autophagic flux by downregulating STX17 and RAB7 expression to inhibit the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. Conclusion JIB-04 suppresses the proliferation, migration, and contractile phenotype of HASMCs by inhibiting autophagic flux, which indicates that JIB-04 is a promising reagent for the treatment of neointima formation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13148-022-01321-8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hanshen Luo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ze-Min Fang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xue-Hai Zhu
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenlin Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, East Lake Road 169, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, East Lake Road 169, Wuhan, Hubei, China. .,Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Martin-Suarez S, Gliozzi G, Pagano V, Leone O, Foà A, Ruggiero A, Snaidero S, Cerchierini E, Pacini D. Asymmetrical aortic root aneurism in patient with Filamin A mutation. J Card Surg 2022; 37:3408-3412. [PMID: 35819109 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a 28 years old woman with periventricular nodular heterotopia, due to Filamin A mutation. She had an asymmetrical aneurysm of the aortic root, involving, above all, noncoronary Valsalva sinus. She was asymptomatic and she had moderate aortic regurgitation. Reimplantation of the aortic valve with replacement of the aortic root was successfully accomplished. Filamin A is a protein that is encoded by the FLNA gene, which shows X-linked dominant inheritance. This protein is involved in neuronal migration, angiogenesis, cytoskeleton regulation, and cell signaling. Therefore, mutations of FLNA gene might result in brain, blood vessels, heart, and connective tissue disorders. A miscellany of cardiovascular abnormalities could be present in this subset of patients; cardiac symptoms may precede neurological manifestations. Aorta seems to be frequently affected. Consequently, in presence of FLNA gene mutations, cardiovascular evaluation should include vascular magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Martin-Suarez
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gregorio Gliozzi
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Pagano
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ornella Leone
- Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, IRCCS, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Foà
- Cardiology Department, IRCCS, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruggiero
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Snaidero
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Cerchierini
- Anaesthesiology Unit, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, IRCCS, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Pacini
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hu YY, Cheng XM, Wu N, Tao Y, Wang XN. Non-coding RNAs Regulate the Pathogenesis of Aortic Dissection. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:890607. [PMID: 35498004 PMCID: PMC9051029 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.890607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) is a fatal cardiovascular disease. It is caused by a rupture of the aortic intima or bleeding of the aortic wall that leads to the separation of different aortic wall layers. Patients with untreated AD have a mortality rate of 1–2% per hour after symptom onset. Therefore, effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets are needed to reduce AD-associated mortality. With the development of molecular technology, researchers have begun to explore the pathogenesis of AD at gene and protein levels, and have made some progress, but the pathogenesis of AD remains unclear. Non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, have been identified as basic regulators of gene expression and are found to play a key role in the pathogenesis of AD. Thus, providing a theoretical basis for developing these non-coding RNAs as clinical biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for AD in the future. Previous studies on the pathogenesis of AD focused on miRNAs, but recently, there have been an increasing number of studies that explore the role of lncRNAs, and circRNAs in AD. This review summarizes the existing knowledge on the roles of various non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of AD, discusses their potential role as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets, states the limitations of existing evidence, and recommends future avenues of research on the pathogenesis of AD.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou Y, Zha L, Wu J, Wang M, Zhou M, Wu G, Cheng X, Huang Z, Xie Q, Tu X. MED12 Regulates Smooth Muscle Cell Functions and Participates in the Development of Aortic Dissection. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040692. [PMID: 35456498 PMCID: PMC9027749 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening disease with high morbidity and mortality, and effective pharmacotherapeutic remedies for it are lacking. Therefore, AD’s molecular pathogenesis and etiology must be elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible mechanism of mediator complex subunit 12 (human: MED12, mouse: Med12)involvement in AD. Firstly, we examined the expression of MED12 protein (human: MED12, mouse: Med12) in the aortic tissues of AD patients and AD mice. Subsequently, Med12 gene silencing was accomplished with RNA interference (siRNA). The effects of Med12 on AD and the possible biological mechanisms were investigated based on the proliferation, senescence, phenotypic transformation, and its involved signal pathway of mouse aortic smooth muscle cells (MOVAS), s. The results show that the expression of MED12 in the aortae of AD patients and AD mice was decreased. Moreover, the downregulation of Med12 inhibited the proliferation of MOVAS and promoted senescence. Further research found that Med12, as an inhibitor of the TGFβ1 signaling pathway, reduced the expression of Med12 and enhanced the activity of the TGFβ1 nonclassical signaling pathway, while TGFβ1 inhibited the phenotype transformation and proliferation of MOVAS by inhibiting Med12 synthesis. In conclusion, Med12 affected the phenotype, proliferation, and senescence of MOVAS through the TGFβ signaling pathway. This study provides a potential new target for the prevention and treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Zhou
- Heart Center, Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266034, China;
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (J.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Lingfeng Zha
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (L.Z.); (M.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Jianfei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (J.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Mengru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (J.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Mengchen Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (L.Z.); (M.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China;
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (L.Z.); (M.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Zhengrong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China;
| | - Qiang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China;
- Correspondence: (Q.X.); (X.T.)
| | - Xin Tu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (J.W.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence: (Q.X.); (X.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bramel EE, Creamer TJ, Saqib M, Camejo Nunez WA, Bagirzadeh R, Roker LA, Goff LA, MacFarlane EG. Postnatal Smad3 Inactivation in Murine Smooth Muscle Cells Elicits a Temporally and Regionally Distinct Transcriptional Response. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:826495. [PMID: 35463747 PMCID: PMC9033237 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.826495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous, loss of function mutations in positive regulators of the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) pathway cause hereditary forms of thoracic aortic aneurysm. It is unclear whether and how the initial signaling deficiency triggers secondary signaling upregulation in the remaining functional branches of the pathway, and if this contributes to maladaptive vascular remodeling. To examine this process in a mouse model in which time-controlled, partial interference with postnatal TGF-β signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) could be assessed, we used a VSMC-specific tamoxifen-inducible system, and a conditional allele, to inactivate Smad3 at 6 weeks of age, after completion of perinatal aortic development. This intervention induced dilation and histological abnormalities in the aortic root, with minor involvement of the ascending aorta. To analyze early and late events associated with disease progression, we performed a comparative single cell transcriptomic analysis at 10- and 18-weeks post-deletion, when aortic dilation is undetectable and moderate, respectively. At the early time-point, Smad3-inactivation resulted in a broad reduction in the expression of extracellular matrix components and critical components of focal adhesions, including integrins and anchoring proteins, which was reflected histologically by loss of connections between VSMCs and elastic lamellae. At the later time point, however, expression of several transcripts belonging to the same functional categories was normalized or even upregulated; this occurred in association with upregulation of transcripts coding for TGF-β ligands, and persistent downregulation of negative regulators of the pathway. To interrogate how VSMC heterogeneity may influence this transition, we examined transcriptional changes in each of the four VSMC subclusters identified, regardless of genotype, as partly reflecting the proximal-to-distal anatomic location based on in situ RNA hybridization. The response to Smad3-deficiency varied depending on subset, and VSMC subsets over-represented in the aortic root, the site most vulnerable to dilation, most prominently upregulated TGF-β ligands and pro-pathogenic factors such as thrombospondin-1, angiotensin converting enzyme, and pro-inflammatory mediators. These data suggest that Smad3 is required for maintenance of focal adhesions, and that loss of contacts with the extracellular matrix has consequences specific to each VSMC subset, possibly contributing to the regional susceptibility to dilation in the aorta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. Bramel
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Predoctoral Training in Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tyler J. Creamer
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Muzna Saqib
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Wendy A. Camejo Nunez
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Predoctoral Training in Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rustam Bagirzadeh
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - LaToya Ann Roker
- School of Medicine Microscope Facility, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Loyal A. Goff
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Elena Gallo MacFarlane
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yin F, Zhang H, Guo P, Wu Y, Zhao X, Li F, Bian C, Chen C, Han Y, Liu K. Comprehensive Analysis of Key m6A Modification Related Genes and Immune Infiltrates in Human Aortic Dissection. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:831561. [PMID: 35369349 PMCID: PMC8967178 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.831561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify the feature of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation modification genes in acute aortic dissection (AAD) and explore their relationships with immune infiltration. Methods The GSE52093 dataset including gene expression data from patients with AAD and healthy controls was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database in order to obtain the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The differentially methylated m6A genes were obtained from the GSE147027 dataset. The differentially expressed m6A-related genes were obtained based on the intersection results. Meanwhile, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of differentially expressed m6A-related genes was constructed, and hub genes with close relationships in the network were selected. Later, hub genes were verified by using the GSE153434 dataset. Thereafter, the relationships between these genes and immune cells infiltration were analyzed. Results A total of 279 differentially expressed m6A-related genes were identified in the GSE52093 and GSE147027 datasets. Among them, 94 genes were up-regulated in aortic dissection (AD), while the remaining 185 were down-regulated. As indicated by Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses, these genes were mainly associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The seven hub genes, namely, DDX17, CTGF, FLNA, SPP1, MYH11, ITGA5 and CACNA1C, were all confirmed as the potential biomarkers for AD. According to immune infiltration analysis, it was found that hub genes were related to some immune cells. For instance, DDX17, FLNA and MYH11 were correlated with Macrophages M2. Conclusion Our study identifies hub genes of AD that may serve as the potential biomarkers, illustrates of the molecular mechanism of AD, and provides support for subsequent research and treatment development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanxing Yin
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Panpan Guo
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yihao Wu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xinya Zhao
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Fangjun Li
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Ce Bian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yanshuo Han
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Yanshuo Han ; orcid.org/0000-0002-4897-2998
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Kun Liu
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sawada H, Beckner ZA, Ito S, Daugherty A, Lu HS. β-Aminopropionitrile-induced aortic aneurysm and dissection in mice. JVS Vasc Sci 2022; 3:64-72. [PMID: 35141570 PMCID: PMC8814647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic basis for the formation of aortic aneurysms and dissection needs to be elucidated to facilitate the development of effective medications. β-Aminopropionitrile administration in mice has been used frequently to study the pathologic features and mechanisms of aortic aneurysm and dissection. This mouse model mimics several facets of the pathology of human aortic aneurysms and dissection, although many variables exist in the experimental design and protocols that must be resolved to determine its application to the human disease. In the present brief review, we have introduced the development of this mouse model and provided insights into understanding its pathologic features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Sawada
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
| | - Zachary A. Beckner
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
| | - Sohei Ito
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
| | - Hong S. Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky
| |
Collapse
|