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Liuzzo G, Volpe M. Weekly journal scan: every breath you take, air pollution impacts your cardiovascular health. Eur Heart J 2024:ehae230. [PMID: 38618687 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Liuzzo
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University School of Medicine, Largo F. Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Massimo Volpe
- IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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2
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Wei Y, Feng Y, Danesh Yazdi M, Yin K, Castro E, Shtein A, Qiu X, Peralta AA, Coull BA, Dominici F, Schwartz JD. Exposure-response associations between chronic exposure to fine particulate matter and risks of hospital admission for major cardiovascular diseases: population based cohort study. BMJ 2024; 384:e076939. [PMID: 38383041 PMCID: PMC10879983 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2023-076939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate exposure-response associations between chronic exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and risks of the first hospital admission for major cardiovascular disease (CVD) subtypes. DESIGN Population based cohort study. SETTING Contiguous US. PARTICIPANTS 59 761 494 Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries aged ≥65 years during 2000-16. Calibrated PM2.5 predictions were linked to each participant's residential zip code as proxy exposure measurements. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Risk of the first hospital admission during follow-up for ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, valvular heart disease, thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms, or a composite of these CVD subtypes. A causal framework robust against confounding bias and bias arising from errors in exposure measurements was developed for exposure-response estimations. RESULTS Three year average PM2.5 exposure was associated with increased relative risks of first hospital admissions for ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, and thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms. For composite CVD, the exposure-response curve showed monotonically increased risk associated with PM2.5: compared with exposures ≤5 µg/m3 (the World Health Organization air quality guideline), the relative risk at exposures between 9 and 10 µg/m3, which encompassed the US national average of 9.7 µg/m3 during the study period, was 1.29 (95% confidence interval 1.28 to 1.30). On an absolute scale, the risk of hospital admission for composite CVD increased from 2.59% with exposures ≤5 µg/m3 to 3.35% at exposures between 9 and 10 µg/m3. The effects persisted for at least three years after exposure to PM2.5. Age, education, accessibility to healthcare, and neighborhood deprivation level appeared to modify susceptibility to PM2.5. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that no safe threshold exists for the chronic effect of PM2.5 on overall cardiovascular health. Substantial benefits could be attained through adherence to the WHO air quality guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaguang Wei
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yijing Feng
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mahdieh Danesh Yazdi
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Kanhua Yin
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Edgar Castro
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Alexandra Shtein
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Xinye Qiu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Adjani A Peralta
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesca Dominici
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joel D Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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De Vita A, Belmusto A, Di Perna F, Tremamunno S, De Matteis G, Franceschi F, Covino M. The Impact of Climate Change and Extreme Weather Conditions on Cardiovascular Health and Acute Cardiovascular Diseases. J Clin Med 2024; 13:759. [PMID: 38337453 PMCID: PMC10856578 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is widely recognized as one of the most significant challenges facing our planet and human civilization. Human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, leading to a warming of the Earth's climate. The relationship between climate change and cardiovascular (CV) health, mediated by air pollution and increased ambient temperatures, is complex and very heterogeneous. The main mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CV disease at extreme temperatures involve several regulatory pathways, including temperature-sympathetic reactivity, the cold-activated renin-angiotensin system, dehydration, extreme temperature-induced electrolyte imbalances, and heat stroke-induced systemic inflammatory responses. The interplay of these mechanisms may vary based on individual factors, environmental conditions, and an overall health background. The net outcome is a significant increase in CV mortality and a higher incidence of hypertension, type II diabetes mellitus, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure, and cardiac arrhythmias. Patients with pre-existing CV disorders may be more vulnerable to the effects of global warming and extreme temperatures. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive intervention that spans from the individual level to a systemic or global approach to effectively address this existential problem. Future programs aimed at reducing CV and environmental burdens should require cross-disciplinary collaboration involving physicians, researchers, public health workers, political scientists, legislators, and national leaders to mitigate the effects of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio De Vita
- Università Cattolica del Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (A.B.); (F.D.P.); (F.F.); (M.C.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | - Antonietta Belmusto
- Università Cattolica del Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (A.B.); (F.D.P.); (F.F.); (M.C.)
| | - Federico Di Perna
- Università Cattolica del Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (A.B.); (F.D.P.); (F.F.); (M.C.)
| | - Saverio Tremamunno
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe De Matteis
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Università Cattolica del Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (A.B.); (F.D.P.); (F.F.); (M.C.)
- Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Marcello Covino
- Università Cattolica del Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (A.B.); (F.D.P.); (F.F.); (M.C.)
- Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
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4
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Hahad O, Daiber A, Münzel T. Clearing the air, saving lives: understanding air pollution's impact on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR CARE 2023; 12:818-820. [PMID: 37950633 DOI: 10.1093/ehjacc/zuad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Hahad
- Departmentof Cardiology-Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Departmentof Cardiology-Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Departmentof Cardiology-Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
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5
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Bonalumi F, Miragoli M. Invited Perspective: The Silent Threat-Air Pollution's Link to Arrhythmias. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:111301. [PMID: 37909724 PMCID: PMC10619429 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Bonalumi
- Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research (CERT), Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Michele Miragoli
- Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research (CERT), Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
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6
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Le Quilliec E, Fundere A, Al-U’datt DGF, Hiram R. Pollutants, including Organophosphorus and Organochloride Pesticides, May Increase the Risk of Cardiac Remodeling and Atrial Fibrillation: A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2427. [PMID: 37760868 PMCID: PMC10525278 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of cardiac rhythm disorder. Recent clinical and experimental studies reveal that environmental pollutants, including organophosphorus-organochloride pesticides and air pollution, may contribute to the development of cardiac arrhythmias including AF. Here, we discussed the unifying cascade of events that may explain the role of pollutant exposure in the development of AF. Following ingestion and inhalation of pollution-promoting toxic compounds, damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) stimuli activate the inflammatory response and oxidative stress that may negatively affect the respiratory, cognitive, digestive, and cardiac systems. Although the detailed mechanisms underlying the association between pollutant exposure and the incidence of AF are not completely elucidated, some clinical reports and fundamental research data support the idea that pollutant poisoning can provoke perturbed ion channel function, myocardial electrical abnormalities, decreased action potential duration, slowed conduction, contractile dysfunction, cardiac fibrosis, and arrhythmias including AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewen Le Quilliec
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada;
| | - Alexia Fundere
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada;
| | - Doa’a G. F. Al-U’datt
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Roddy Hiram
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada;
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7
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Wei Y, Fei L, Wang Y, Zhang M, Chen Z, Guo H, Ge S, Zhu S, Dong P, Yang K, Xie N, Zhao G. A time-series analysis of short-term ambient ozone exposure and hospitalizations from acute myocardial infarction in Henan, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93242-93254. [PMID: 37507564 PMCID: PMC10447277 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies in recent years have identified an association between exposure to air pollutants and acute myocardial infarction (AMI); however, the association between short-term ozone (O3) exposure and AMI hospitalization remains unclear, particularly in developing countries. Therefore, this study collected information on 24,489 AMI patients, including daily air pollutant and meteorological data in Henan, China, between 2016 and 2021. A distributed lagged nonlinear model combined with a Poisson regression model was used to estimate the nonlinear lagged effect of O3 on AMI hospitalizations. We also quantified the effects of O3 on the number of AMI hospitalizations, hospitalization days, and hospitalization costs. The results showed that single- and dual-pollution models of O3 at lag0, lag1, and lag (01-07) were risk factors for AMI hospitalizations, with the most significant effect at lag03 (RR = 1.132, 95% CI:1.083-1.182). Further studies showed that males, younger people (15-64 years), warm seasons, and long sunshine duration were more susceptible to O3. Hospitalizations attributable to O3 during the study period accounted for 11.66% of the total hospitalizations, corresponding to 2856 patients, 33,492 hospital days, and 90 million RMB. Maintaining O3 at 10-130 µg/m3 can prevent hundreds of AMI hospitalizations and save millions of RMB per year in Henan, China. In conclusion, we found that short-term exposure to O3 was significantly associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for AMI in Henan, China, and that further reductions in ambient O3 levels may have substantial health and economic benefits for patients and local healthcare facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, 453100, China
| | - Lin Fei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, 453100, China
- Life Science Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, 453100, China
| | - Yongbin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Zhigang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, 453100, China
| | - Huige Guo
- Life Science Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, 453100, China
| | - Shiqi Ge
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, 453100, China
| | - Sen Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, 453100, China
| | - Pingshuan Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Kan Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanyang Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, 473009, China
| | - Na Xie
- The Cardiology Department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Guoan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, 453100, China.
- Life Science Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, 453100, China.
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8
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Sivakumar B, AlAsmari AF, Ali N, Waseem M, Kurian GA. Consequential Impact of Particulate Matter Linked Inter-Fibrillar Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Rat Myocardium Subjected to Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121811. [PMID: 36552319 PMCID: PMC9775305 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A previous study has reported that exposure to PM2.5 from diesel exhaust (diesel particulate matter (DPM)) for 21 days can deteriorate the cardiac recovery from myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (IR), where the latter is facilitated by the efficiency of mitochondrial subpopulations. Many investigators have demonstrated that IR impact on cardiac mitochondrial subpopulations is distinct. In the present study, we decipher the role of PM2.5 on IR associated mitochondrial dysfunction at the subpopulation level by administrating PM2.5 directly to isolated female rat hearts via KH buffer. Our results demonstrated that PM2.5 administered heart (PM_C) severely deteriorated ETC enzyme activity (NQR, SQR, QCR, and COX) and ATP level in both IFM and SSM from the normal control. Comparatively, the declined activity was prominent in IFM fraction. Moreover, in the presence of IR (PM_IR), mitochondrial oxidative stress was higher in both subpopulations from the normal, where the IFM fraction of mitochondria experienced elevated oxidative stress than SSM. Furthermore, we assessed the in vitro protein translation capacity of IFM and SSM and found a declined ability in both subpopulations where the inability of IFM was significant in both PM_C and PM_IR groups. In support of these results, the expression of mitochondrial genes involved in fission, fusion, and mitophagy events along with the DNA maintenance genes such as GUF1, LRPPRC, and HSD17-b10 were significantly altered from the control. Based on the above results, we conclude that PM2.5 administration to the heart inflicted mitochondrial damage especially to the IFM fraction, that not only deteriorated the cardiac physiology but also reduced its ability to resist IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Sivakumar
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdullah F. AlAsmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Waseem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Gino A. Kurian
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-9047965425; Fax: +91-4362-264120
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Jiang H, Zhang S, Lu W, Yang F, Bi X, Ma W, Wei Z. In silico assessment of pharmacotherapy for carbon monoxide induced arrhythmias in healthy and failing human hearts. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1018299. [DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1018299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Carbon monoxide (CO) is gaining increased attention in air pollution-induced arrhythmias. The severe cardiotoxic consequences of CO urgently require effective pharmacotherapy to treat it. However, existing evidence demonstrates that CO can induce arrhythmias by directly affecting multiple ion channels, which is a pathway distinct from heart ischemia and has received less concern in clinical treatment.Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of some common clinical antiarrhythmic drugs for CO-induced arrhythmias, and to propose a potential pharmacotherapy for CO-induced arrhythmias through the virtual pathological cell and tissue models.Methods: Two pathological models describing CO effects on healthy and failing hearts were constructed as control baseline models. After this, we first assessed the efficacy of some common antiarrhythmic drugs like ranolazine, amiodarone, nifedipine, etc., by incorporating their ion channel-level effects into the cell model. Cellular biomarkers like action potential duration and tissue-level biomarkers such as the QT interval from pseudo-ECGs were obtained to assess the drug efficacy. In addition, we also evaluated multiple specific IKr activators in a similar way to multi-channel blocking drugs, as the IKr activator showed great potency in dealing with CO-induced pathological changes.Results: Simulation results showed that the tested seven antiarrhythmic drugs failed to rescue the heart from CO-induced arrhythmias in terms of the action potential and the ECG manifestation. Some of them even worsened the condition of arrhythmogenesis. In contrast, IKr activators like HW-0168 effectively alleviated the proarrhythmic effects of CO.Conclusion: Current antiarrhythmic drugs including the ranolazine suggested in previous studies did not achieve therapeutic effects for the cardiotoxicity of CO, and we showed that the specific IKr activator is a promising pharmacotherapy for the treatment of CO-induced arrhythmias.
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He F, Yanosky JD, Fernandez‐Mendoza J, Chinchilli VM, Al‐Shaar L, Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Liao D. Acute Impact of Fine Particulate Air Pollution on Cardiac Arrhythmias in a Population‐Based Sample of Adolescents: The Penn State Child Cohort. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e026370. [DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background
Fine particulate (fine particles with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 μm [PM
2.5
]) exposure has been associated with a risk of cardiac arrhythmias in adults. However, the association between PM
2.5
exposure and cardiac arrhythmias in adolescents remains unclear.
Methods and Results
To investigate the association and time course between PM
2.5
exposure with cardiac arrhythmias in adolescents, we analyzed the data collected from 322 adolescents who participated in the PSCC (Penn State Child Cohort) follow‐up examination. We obtained individual‐level 24‐hour PM
2.5
concentrations with a nephelometer. Concurrent with the PM
2.5
measure, we obtained 24‐hour ECG data using a Holter monitor, from which cardiac arrhythmias, including premature atrial contractions and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), were identified. PM
2.5
concentration and numbers of premature atrial contractions/PVCs were summarized into 30‐minute‐based segments. Polynomial distributed lag models within a framework of a negative binomial model were used to assess the effect of PM
2.5
concentration on numbers of premature atrial contractions and PVCs. PM
2.5
exposure was associated with an acute increase in number of PVCs. Specifically, a 10 μg/m
3
increase in PM
2.5
concentration was associated with a 2% (95% CI, 0.4%–3.3%) increase in PVC counts 0.5 to 1.0, 1.0 to 1.5, and 1.5 to 2.0 hours after the exposure. Cumulatively, a 10 μg/m
3
increment in PM
2.5
was associated with a 5% (95% CI, 1%–10%) increase in PVC counts within 2 hours after exposure. PM
2.5
concentration was not associated with premature atrial contraction.
Conclusions
PM
2.5
exposure was associated with an acute increased number of ventricular arrhythmias in a population‐based sample of adolescents. The time course of the effect of PM
2.5
on ventricular arrhythmia is within 2 hours after exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan He
- Department of Public Health Sciences Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA
| | - Jeff D. Yanosky
- Department of Public Health Sciences Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA
| | - Julio Fernandez‐Mendoza
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, Sleep Research and Treatment Center Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA
| | - Vernon M. Chinchilli
- Department of Public Health Sciences Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA
| | - Laila Al‐Shaar
- Department of Public Health Sciences Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA
| | - Alexandros N. Vgontzas
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, Sleep Research and Treatment Center Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA
| | - Edward O. Bixler
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, Sleep Research and Treatment Center Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA
| | - Duanping Liao
- Department of Public Health Sciences Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA
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Sivakumar B, Kurian GA. Inhalation of PM 2.5 from diesel exhaust promote impairment of mitochondrial bioenergetics and dysregulate mitochondrial quality in rat heart: implications in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction model. Inhal Toxicol 2022; 34:107-119. [PMID: 35290147 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2022.2049931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Ambient exposure of PM2.5 from diesel exhaust (termed as diesel particulate matter [DPM]) can induce cardiotoxicity that can be manifested into myocardial ischemia/infarction, where the survival depends on mitochondrial function. The mechanism for DPM-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is yet to be elucidated and the consequential impact of impaired mitochondria on the severity of myocardial infarction (MI) has not been established.Materials and methods: Female Wistar rats were exposed to DPM (0.5 mg/ml) for 3 h daily (to achieve a PM2.5 concentration of 250 µg/m3) for 21 d trailed by an induction of MI using isoproterenol (ISO).Conclusion: DPM exposure altered the basal ECG pattern and increased heart weight (HW) to body weight (BW) ratio from control. Loss of mitochondrial quality in the cardiac tissue was observed in DPM exposed animals, measured via declined ETC enzyme activity, reduced ATP levels, high oxidative stress, low mitochondrial copy number, and low expression of the mitochondrial genes involved in mitophagy (PINK and PARKIN) and mitochondrial fusion (MFN-1). Subsequent induction of MI in DPM exposed animals (DPM + ISO) further deteriorated the normal sinus rhythm, accompanied by elevated plasma CK and LDH level, increased myocardial caspase activity, downregulation of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC1-α), transcription factor A (TFAM), DNA polymerase subunit gamma (POLG), and other mitochondrial quality control genes. Based on these results, we conclude that DPM alters the electrophysiology and ultrastructure of the heart that aggravates the MI-induced cardiotoxicity, where the diminished mitochondrial quality can be the potential contributor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Sivakumar
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Vascular Biology lab, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Gino A Kurian
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Vascular Biology lab, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India.,School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, India
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12
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Pallikadavath S, Vali Z, Patel R, Mavilakandy A, Peckham N, Clegg M, Sandilands AJ, Ng GA. The Influence of Environmental Air Pollution on Ventricular Arrhythmias: A Scoping Review. Curr Cardiol Rev 2022; 18:e160422203685. [PMID: 35430968 PMCID: PMC9893149 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x18666220416203716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to air pollution is a recognised risk factor for cardiovascular disease and has been associated with supraventricular arrhythmias. The effect of air pollution on ventricular arrhythmias is less clear. This scoping review assessed the effects of particulate and gaseous air pollutants on the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias. METHODS MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for studies assessing the effects of air pollutants on ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. These pollutants were particulate matter (PM) 2.5, PM10, Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), and Ozone (O3). RESULTS This review identified 27 studies: nine in individuals with implantable cardioverter defibrillators, five in those with ischaemic heart disease, and 13 in the general population. Those with ischaemic heart disease appear to have the strongest association with ventricular arrhythmias in both gaseous and particulate pollution, with all three studies assessing the effects of PM2.5 demonstrating some association with ventricular arrythmia. Results in the general and ICD population were less consistent. CONCLUSION Individuals with ischaemic heart disease may be at an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias following exposure to air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susil Pallikadavath
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Zakariyya Vali
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Roshan Patel
- Leicester Medical School, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Akash Mavilakandy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Nicholas Peckham
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Matt Clegg
- Department of Geography, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alastair J. Sandilands
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - G. André Ng
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
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