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Stone CR, Harris DD, Broadwin M, Kanuparthy M, Sabe SA, Xu C, Feng J, Abid MR, Sellke FW. Crafting a Rigorous, Clinically Relevant Large Animal Model of Chronic Myocardial Ischemia: What Have We Learned in 20 Years? Methods Protoc 2024; 7:17. [PMID: 38392691 PMCID: PMC10891802 DOI: 10.3390/mps7010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The past several decades have borne witness to several breakthroughs and paradigm shifts within the field of cardiovascular medicine, but one component that has remained constant throughout this time is the need for accurate animal models for the refinement and elaboration of the hypotheses and therapies crucial to our capacity to combat human disease. Numerous sophisticated and high-throughput molecular strategies have emerged, including rational drug design and the multi-omics approaches that allow extensive characterization of the host response to disease states and their prospective resolutions, but these technologies all require grounding within a faithful representation of their clinical context. Over this period, our lab has exhaustively tested, progressively refined, and extensively contributed to cardiovascular discovery on the basis of one such faithful representation. It is the purpose of this paper to review our porcine model of chronic myocardial ischemia using ameroid constriction and the subsequent myriad of physiological and molecular-biological insights it has allowed our lab to attain and describe. We hope that, by depicting our methods and the insight they have yielded clearly and completely-drawing for this purpose on comprehensive videographic illustration-other research teams will be empowered to carry our work forward, drawing on our experience to refine their own investigations into the pathogenesis and eradication of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Stone
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA; (D.D.H.); (M.B.); (M.K.); (S.A.S.); (C.X.); (J.F.); (M.R.A.); (F.W.S.)
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Kalenikova EI, Gorodetskaya EA, Povarova OV, Medvedev OS. Prospects of Intravenous Coenzyme Q10 Administration in Emergency Ischemic Conditions. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:134. [PMID: 38255749 PMCID: PMC10817270 DOI: 10.3390/life14010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme CoQ10 (CoQ10) is an endogenous lipid-soluble antioxidant that effectively protects lipids, proteins, and DNA from oxidation due to its ability to undergo redox transitions between oxidized and reduced forms. Various oxidative stress-associated infectious and somatic diseases have been observed to disrupt the balance of CoQ10 concentration in tissues. As a high molecular weight polar lipophilic compound, CoQ10 exhibits very limited oral bioavailability, which restrains its therapeutic potential. Nevertheless, numerous studies have confirmed the clinical efficacy of CoQ10 therapy through oral administration of high doses over extended time periods. Experimental studies have demonstrated that in emergency situations, intravenous administration of both oxidized and reduced-form CoQ10 leads to a rapid increase in its concentration in organ tissues, offering protection for organ tissues in ischemic conditions. This suggests that the cardio- and neuroprotective efficacy of intravenously administered CoQ10 forms could present new opportunities in treating acute ischemic conditions. Based on these findings, the review provides reasoning supporting further research and implementation of CoQ10 dosage forms for intravenous administration in emergency situations into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I. Kalenikova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.I.K.); (E.A.G.); (O.S.M.)
| | - Evgeniya A. Gorodetskaya
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.I.K.); (E.A.G.); (O.S.M.)
| | - Oxana V. Povarova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.I.K.); (E.A.G.); (O.S.M.)
| | - Oleg S. Medvedev
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.I.K.); (E.A.G.); (O.S.M.)
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, 121552 Moscow, Russia
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Yazdi A, Shirmohammadi K, Parvaneh E, Entezari-Maleki T, Hosseini SK, Ranjbar A, Mehrpooya M. Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers following reperfusion in STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2023; 15:250-261. [PMID: 38357568 PMCID: PMC10862029 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2023.31817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction It is well-established that oxidative stress is deeply involved in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Considering the potent antioxidant properties of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), we aimed to assess whether CoQ10 supplementation could exert beneficial effects on plasma levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPIC). Methods Seventy patients with the first attack of STEMI, eligible for PPCI were randomly assigned to receive either standard treatments plus CoQ10 (400 mg before PPCI and 200 mg twice daily for three days after PPCI) or standard treatments plus placebo. Plasma levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured at 6, 24, and 72 hours after completion of PPCI. Results The changes in plasma levels of the studied biomarkers at 6 and 24 hours after PPCI were similar in the both groups (P values>0.05). This is while at 72 hours, the CoQ10- treated group exhibited significantly higher plasma levels of SOD (P value<0.001), CAT (P value=0.001), and TAC (P value<0.001), along with a lower plasma level of MDA (P value=0.002) compared to the placebo-treated group. The plasma activity of GPX showed no significant difference between the groups at all the study time points (P values>0.05). Conclusion This study showed that CoQ10 has the potential to modulate the balance between antioxidant and oxidant biomarkers after reperfusion therapy. Our results suggest that CoQ10, through its antioxidant capacity, may help reduce the reperfusion injury in ischemic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Yazdi
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Clinical Research Development Unit of Farshchian Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Kimia Shirmohammadi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Erfan Parvaneh
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Clinical Research Development Unit of Farshchian Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Taher Entezari-Maleki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Kianoosh Hosseini
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Clinical Research Development Unit of Farshchian Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Akram Ranjbar
- Department of Pharmacology Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Mehrpooya
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Yu W, Jiang W, Wu W, Wang G, Zhao D, Yan C, Lin P. Combining idebenone and rosuvastatin prevents atherosclerosis by suppressing oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 955:175911. [PMID: 37451421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a progressive inflammatory disease activated by excessive oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Statins are the first-line choice to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, statin-associated side effects prompt dose reduction or discontinuation. Idebenone could protect against atherosclerosis by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although both idebenone and statins have certain efficacy, neither of them can achieve a completely satisfactory effect. Here, we aim to investigate the anti-atherosclerotic effect of the combination of idebenone and statins. Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice were given idebenone (400 mg/kg/d), rosuvastatin (10 mg/kg/d) or a combination of idebenone and rosuvastatin. Histological and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze the size and composition of the plaque. In vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to explore the possible mechanism. Idebenone and rosuvastatin both reduced plaque burden and increased the stability of atherosclerotic plaques in the ApoE-/- mice. Mice receiving the combination therapy had even reduced and more stable atherosclerotic plaques than mice treated with idebenone or rosuvastatin alone. NLRP3 and IL-1β were further downregulated in mice receiving combination therapy compared with mice treated with monotherapy. The combination treatment also markedly reduced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that the combination of idebenone and rosuvastatin works synergistically to inhibit atherosclerosis, and that the use of both substances together is more effective than using either substance alone. From a therapeutic point, combining idebenone and rosuvastatin appears to be a promising strategy to further prevent atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China; University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, No. 17, Shandong Road, Shinan District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Pengfei Lin
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China.
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Mokhtari B, Badalzadeh R. Mitochondria-targeted combination treatment strategy counteracts myocardial reperfusion injury of aged rats by modulating autophagy and inflammatory response. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:3973-3983. [PMID: 36829080 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08318-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging, as a recognized risk factor for ischemic heart disease, interferes with protective mechanisms and abolishes the optimal effectiveness of cardioprotective interventions, leading to the loss of cardioprotection following myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study was designed to explore the possible interaction of aging with cardioprotection induced by combination therapy with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and mitochondrial transplantation in myocardial I/R injury of aged rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats (n = 72, 400-450 g, 22-24 months old) were randomized into groups with/without I/R and/or CoQ10 and mitochondrial transplantation, alone or in a combinational mode. An in vivo model of myocardial I/R injury was established by left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion and re-opening. Mitochondria were isolated from donor rats and injected intramyocardially (150 µl of the mitochondrial suspension containing 2 × 105±0.3 × 105 mitochondria) at the onset of reperfusion in recipient groups. CoQ10 (20 mg/kg/day) was injected intramuscularly for 7 days before I/R operation. Lastly, myocardial function, cTn-I level, expression of autophagy-associated proteins (Beclin1, p62, and LC3-II/LC3-I), and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) were assessed. RESULTS Co-application of CoQ10 and mitotherapy concomitantly improved myocardial function and decreased cTn-I level in aged reperfused hearts (P < .001). This combination therapy also modulated autophagic activity and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (P < .01 to P < .001). This combinational approach induced noticeable cardioprotection in comparison with monotherapies-received groups. CONCLUSION We found that combination of CoQ10 and mitochondrial transplantation attenuated myocardial I/R injury in aged rats, in part by modulating autophagy and inflammatory response, hence, appears to restore aging-related loss of cardioprotection in aged patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Mokhtari
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Badalzadeh
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Heart Failure—Do We Need New Drugs or Have Them Already? A Case of Coenzyme Q10. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9050161. [PMID: 35621872 PMCID: PMC9143244 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9050161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a global epidemic that contributes to the deterioration of quality of life and its shortening in 1–3% of adult people in the world. Pharmacotherapy of HF should rely on highly effective drugs that improve prognosis and prolong life. Currently, the ESC guidelines from 2021 indicate that ACEI, ARNI, BB, and SGLT2 inhibitors are the first-line drugs in HF. It is also worth remembering that the use of coenzyme Q10 brought many benefits in patients with HF. Coenzyme Q10 is a very important compound that performs many functions in the human body. The most important function of coenzyme Q10 is participation in the production of energy in the mitochondria, which determines the proper functioning of all cells, tissues, and organs. The highest concentration of coenzyme Q10 is found in the tissue of the heart muscle. As the body ages, the concentration of coenzyme Q10 in the tissue of the heart muscle decreases, which makes it more susceptible to damage by free radicals. It has been shown that in patients with HF, the aggravation of disease symptoms is inversely related to the concentration of coenzyme Q10. Importantly, the concentration of coenzyme Q10 in patients with HF was an important predictor of the risk of death. Long-term coenzyme Q10 supplementation at a dose of 300 mg/day (Q-SYMBIO study) has been shown to significantly improve heart function and prognosis in patients with HF. This article summarizes the latest and most important data on CoQ10 in pathogenesis.
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