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Tang J, Mou M, Zheng X, Yan J, Pan Z, Zhang J, Li B, Yang Q, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Gao J, Li S, Yang H, Zhu F. Strategy for Identifying a Robust Metabolomic Signature Reveals the Altered Lipid Metabolism in Pituitary Adenoma. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4745-4755. [PMID: 38417094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Despite the well-established connection between systematic metabolic abnormalities and the pathophysiology of pituitary adenoma (PA), current metabolomic studies have reported an extremely limited number of metabolites associated with PA. Moreover, there was very little consistency in the identified metabolite signatures, resulting in a lack of robust metabolic biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of PA. Herein, we performed a global untargeted plasma metabolomic profiling on PA and identified a highly robust metabolomic signature based on a strategy. Specifically, this strategy is unique in (1) integrating repeated random sampling and a consensus evaluation-based feature selection algorithm and (2) evaluating the consistency of metabolomic signatures among different sample groups. This strategy demonstrated superior robustness and stronger discriminative ability compared with that of other feature selection methods including Student's t-test, partial least-squares-discriminant analysis, support vector machine recursive feature elimination, and random forest recursive feature elimination. More importantly, a highly robust metabolomic signature comprising 45 PA-specific differential metabolites was identified. Moreover, metabolite set enrichment analysis of these potential metabolic biomarkers revealed altered lipid metabolism in PA. In conclusion, our findings contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic changes in PA and may have implications for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches targeting lipid metabolism in PA. We believe that the proposed strategy serves as a valuable tool for screening robust, discriminating metabolic features in the field of metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Bioinformatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Minjie Mou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenoma of Chongqing, Department of Neuosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenoma of Chongqing, Department of Neuosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Ziqi Pan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Qingxia Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yunxia Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Song Li
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenoma of Chongqing, Department of Neuosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenoma of Chongqing, Department of Neuosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Healthcare, Hangzhou 330110, China
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Pînzariu O, Georgescu CE. Metabolomics in acromegaly: a systematic review. J Investig Med 2023:10815589231169452. [PMID: 37139720 DOI: 10.1177/10815589231169452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic response heterogeneity in acromegaly persists, despite the medical-surgical advances of recent years. Thus, personalized medicine implementation, which focuses on each patient, is justified. Metabolomics would decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic response heterogeneity. Identification of altered metabolic pathways would open new horizons in the therapeutic management of acromegaly. This research aimed to evaluate the metabolomic profile in acromegaly and metabolomics' contributions to understanding disease pathogenesis. A systematic review was carried out by querying four electronic databases and evaluating patients with acromegaly through metabolomic techniques. In all, 21 studies containing 362 patients were eligible. Choline, the ubiquitous metabolite identified in growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenomas (Pas) by in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), negatively correlated with somatostatin receptors type 2 expression and positively correlated with magnetic resonance imaging T2 signal and Ki-67 index. Moreover, elevated choline and choline/creatine ratio differentiated between sparsely and densely granulated GH-secreting PAs. MRS detected low hepatic lipid content in active acromegaly, which increased after disease control. The panel of metabolites of acromegaly deciphered by mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques mainly included amino acids (especially branched-chain amino acids and taurine), glyceric acid, and lipids. The most altered pathways in acromegaly were the metabolism of glucose (particularly the downregulation of the pentose phosphate pathway), linoleic acid, sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, arginine/proline, and taurine/hypotaurine. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization coupled with MS imaging confirmed the functional nature of GH-secreting PAs and accurately discriminated PAs from healthy pituitary tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Pînzariu
- Department of Endocrinology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Emanuela Georgescu
- Department of Endocrinology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Endocrinology Clinic, Cluj County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Fajardo-Montañana C, Villar R, Gómez-Ansón B, Brea B, Mosqueira AJ, Molla E, Enseñat J, Riesgo P, Cardona-Arboniés J, Hernando O. Recommendations for the diagnosis and radiological follow-up of pituitary neuroendocrine tumours. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2022; 69:744-761. [PMID: 36428207 DOI: 10.1016/j.endien.2021.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs) constitute a heterogeneous group of tumours with a gradually increasing incidence, partly accounted for by more sensitive imaging techniques and more extensive experience in neuroradiology in this regard. Although most PitNETs are indolent, some exhibit aggressive behaviour, and recurrence may be seen after surgical removal. The changes introduced in the WHO classification in 2017 and terminological debates in relation to neuroendocrine tumours warrant an update of the guidelines for the diagnosis, preoperative and postoperative management, and follow-up of response to treatment of PitNETs. This multidisciplinary document, an initiative of the Neuroendocrinology area of the Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición [Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition] (SEEN), focuses on neuroimaging studies for the diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up of PitNETs. The basic requirements and elements that should be covered by magnetic resonance imaging are described, and a minimum radiology report to aid clinicians in treatment decision-making is proposed. This work supplements the consensus between the Neuroendocrinology area of the SEEN and the Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica [Spanish Society of Pathology] (SEAP) for the pathological study of PitNETs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rocío Villar
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gómez-Ansón
- Neurorradiología, Departamento de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitari Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Brea
- Departamento de Radiología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Jesús Mosqueira
- Departamento de Radiología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Enrique Molla
- Departamento de Radiología, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alcira, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquín Enseñat
- Departamento de Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Riesgo
- Departamento de Neurocirugía, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alcira, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge Cardona-Arboniés
- Departamento de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ovidio Hernando
- Departamento de Oncología Radioterápica, Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, Madrid, Spain
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Li N, Desiderio DM, Zhan X. The use of mass spectrometry in a proteome-centered multiomics study of human pituitary adenomas. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:964-1013. [PMID: 34109661 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A pituitary adenoma (PA) is a common intracranial neoplasm, and is a complex, chronic, and whole-body disease with multicausing factors, multiprocesses, and multiconsequences. It is very difficult to clarify molecular mechanism and treat PAs from the single-factor strategy model. The rapid development of multiomics and systems biology changed the paradigms from a traditional single-factor strategy to a multiparameter systematic strategy for effective management of PAs. A series of molecular alterations at the genome, transcriptome, proteome, peptidome, metabolome, and radiome levels are involved in pituitary tumorigenesis, and mutually associate into a complex molecular network system. Also, the center of multiomics is moving from structural genomics to phenomics, including proteomics and metabolomics in the medical sciences. Mass spectrometry (MS) has been extensively used in phenomics studies of human PAs to clarify molecular mechanisms, and to discover biomarkers and therapeutic targets/drugs. MS-based proteomics and proteoform studies play central roles in the multiomics strategy of PAs. This article reviews the status of multiomics, multiomics-based molecular pathway networks, molecular pathway network-based pattern biomarkers and therapeutic targets/drugs, and future perspectives for personalized, predeictive, and preventive (3P) medicine in PAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dominic M Desiderio
- The Charles B. Stout Neuroscience Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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5
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Banerjee A, Halder A, Jadhav P, Bankar R, Pattarkine J, Hole A, Shah A, Goel A, Murali Krishna C, Srivastava S. Metabolomics Profiling of Pituitary Adenomas by Raman Spectroscopy, Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Mass Spectrometry of Serum Samples. Anal Chem 2022; 94:11898-11907. [PMID: 35980087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To date, no studies are available in which pituitary adenomas (PAs) have been studied using techniques like confocal Raman spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the same serum samples. To understand the metabolomics fingerprint, Raman spectra of 16 acromegaly, 19 Cushing's, and 33 nonfunctional PA (NFPA) and ATR-FTIR spectral acquisition of 16 acromegaly, 18 Cushing's, and 22 NFPA patient's serum samples were acquired. Next, Principal component-based linear discriminant analysis (PC-LDA) models were developed, Raman spectral analysis classified acromegaly with an accuracy of 79.17%, sensitivity of 75%, and specificity of 81.25%, Cushing's with an accuracy of 66.67%, sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 52.63%, and NFPA with an accuracy of 73.17%, sensitivity of 75%, and specificity of 72.73%. ATR-FTIR spectral analysis classified acromegaly with an accuracy of 95.83%, sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 93.75%, Cushing's with an accuracy of 65.38%, sensitivity of 87.5%, and specificity of 55.56%, and NFPA with an accuracy of 70%, sensitivity of 87.5%, and specificity of 43.75%. In either of the cases, healthy individual cohorts were clearly segregated from the disease cohort, which identified differential regulated regions of nucleic acids, lipids, amides, phosphates, and polysaccharide/C-C residue α helix regions. Furthermore, LC-MS/MS-based analysis of sera samples resulted in the identification of various sphingosine, lipids, acylcarnitines, amino acids, ethanolamine, choline, and their derivatives that differentially regulated in each tumor cohort. We believe cues obtained from the study may be used to generate the metabolite-based test to diagnose PAs from serum in addition to conventional techniques and also to understand disease biology for better disease management, point of care, and improving quality of life in PA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Banerjee
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ankit Halder
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Priyanka Jadhav
- Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC). Sector-22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Renuka Bankar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Janhavi Pattarkine
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Arts, Commerce and Science College, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India
| | - Arti Hole
- Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC). Sector-22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Abhidha Shah
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth G. S. Medical College, Dr E Borges Road, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Opposite Tata & Wadia Hospital, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Atul Goel
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth G. S. Medical College, Dr E Borges Road, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Opposite Tata & Wadia Hospital, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - C Murali Krishna
- Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC). Sector-22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Sanjeeva Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Zhang Y, Zhang L, Fan K, Gou Y, Zang Z, Ding X, Yang H, Li S. Drp1 Regulated Mitochondrial Hypofission Promotes the Invasion and Proliferation of Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas via Activating STAT3. Front Oncol 2022; 12:739631. [PMID: 35463323 PMCID: PMC9021862 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.739631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasiveness and high proliferation rate of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas (GHPAs) are closely related to poor prognosis in patients. We previously reported that abnormal glycolysis participates in this process; however, the role of mitochondria in the invasion and proliferation of GHPAs remains unknown. In the current study, stereological methods were first used to quantitatively calculate the number and morphology of mitochondria. The results revealed that the numbers, volumes and membrane areas of mitochondria were decreased in invasive GHPAs (IGHPAs) samples compared to noninvasive GHPAs (NIGHPAs) samples. Furthermore, significantly downregulated mRNA and protein levels of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) were detected in IGHPAs, but no notable changes in fusion related molecules (Mfn1, Mfn2 and OPA1) were detected, suggesting that the abnormal mitochondrial dynamics in IGHPAs are characterized by hypofission. Mitochondrial hypofission caused by Mdivi-1, a specific Drp1 inhibitor, enhanced the invasion and proliferation of GH3 cell lines and primary cells from patients with GHPAs in vitro and in vivo, while overexpression of Drp1 reversed these processes. Mechanistically, mitochondrial hypofission might activate signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Specifically, elevated nuclear pSTAT3Y705 may promote GH3 cell invasion by upregulating the activity of matrix metalloproteinase 2/9, and elevated mitochondrial pSTAT3S727 may promote GH3 cell proliferation by inhibiting the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway. Taken together, our findings suggest that mitochondrial hypofission induced by Drp1 might strengthen the invasion and proliferation of GHPA tumor cells by activating STAT3, providing us with a new perspective on how mitochondria regulate the development of IGHPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kexia Fan
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yajun Gou
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenle Zang
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Ding
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Institute of Brian and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing, China
| | - Song Li
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Institute of Brian and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing, China
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7
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Hou Y, Gao Y, Guo S, Zhang Z, Chen R, Zhang X. Applications of spatially resolved omics in the field of endocrine tumors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:993081. [PMID: 36704039 PMCID: PMC9873308 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.993081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine tumors derive from endocrine cells with high heterogeneity in function, structure and embryology, and are characteristic of a marked diversity and tissue heterogeneity. There are still challenges in analyzing the molecular alternations within the heterogeneous microenvironment for endocrine tumors. Recently, several proteomic, lipidomic and metabolomic platforms have been applied to the analysis of endocrine tumors to explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms of tumor genesis, progression and metastasis. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of spatially resolved proteomics, lipidomics and metabolomics guided by mass spectrometry imaging and spatially resolved microproteomics directed by microextraction and tandem mass spectrometry. In this regard, we will discuss different mass spectrometry imaging techniques, including secondary ion mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization and desorption electrospray ionization. Additionally, we will highlight microextraction approaches such as laser capture microdissection and liquid microjunction extraction. With these methods, proteins can be extracted precisely from specific regions of the endocrine tumor. Finally, we compare applications of proteomic, lipidomic and metabolomic platforms in the field of endocrine tumors and outline their potentials in elucidating cellular and molecular processes involved in endocrine tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinuo Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shudi Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- General Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Zhibin Zhang, ; Ruibing Chen, ; Xiangyang Zhang,
| | - Ruibing Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Zhibin Zhang, ; Ruibing Chen, ; Xiangyang Zhang,
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Zhibin Zhang, ; Ruibing Chen, ; Xiangyang Zhang,
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8
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Dalan R, Bornstein SR, Boehm BO. Cushing's Disease Management: Glimpse Into 2051. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:943993. [PMID: 35872988 PMCID: PMC9299426 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.943993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Major advancements are expected in medicine and healthcare in the 21st century- "Digital Age", mainly due to the application of data technologies and artificial intelligence into healthcare. In this perspective article we share a short story depicting the future Cushings' Disease patient and the postulated diagnostic and management approaches. In the discussion, we explain the advances in recent times which makes this future state plausible. We postulate that endocrinology care will be completely reinvented in the Digital Age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinkoo Dalan
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Rinkoo Dalan,
| | - Stefan R. Bornstein
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Klinische Ernährung, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard O. Boehm
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Lin K, Zhang J, Lin Y, Pei Z, Wang S. Metabolic Characteristics and M2 Macrophage Infiltrates in Invasive Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:901884. [PMID: 35898456 PMCID: PMC9309300 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.901884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic differences between invasive and non-invasive nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs), determine the expression of an M2 macrophage marker in NFPAs, and analyze the effects of metabolic changes in invasive NFPAs on M2 macrophage infiltrates. METHODS Tissue samples of NFPAs from patients who underwent transsphenoidal or craniotomy surgery from January 2021 to August 2021 were collected. NFPA tissues were analyzed based on a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry non-targeted metabolomics platform, and immunohistochemical staining for M2 macrophage marker CD206 was performed. RESULTS We evaluated 15 invasive and 21 non-invasive NFPAs. A total of 22 metabolites were identified through non-targeted metabolomics analysis. Among them, the expression of 1-octadecanol, inosine 5'-monophosphate, adenosine 5'-monophosphate, guanosine 5'-monophosphate, creatinine, desmosterol, taurine, hypotaurine, lactic acid, and succinic acid was upregulated in invasive NFPAs, while that of 1-oleoylglycerol, arachidonic acid, cis-11-eicosenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, glyceric acid, hypoxanthine, linoleic acid, lysine, oleic acid, uracil, valine, and xanthine was downregulated. Immunohistochemical analysis suggested that the number of CD206-positive cells was higher in invasive NFPAs than in non-invasive NFPAs. CONCLUSION Invasive and non-invasive NFPAs showed distinct metabolite profiles. The levels of succinic acid and lactic acid were higher in invasive NFPAs, and the high expression of the M2 macrophage marker was verified in invasive NFPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunzhe Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Urology, 910th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yinghong Lin
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Pei
- Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shousen Wang
- Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shousen Wang,
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10
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Jiang S, Chen X, Wu Y, Wang R, Bao X. An Update on Silent Corticotroph Adenomas: Diagnosis, Mechanisms, Clinical Features, and Management. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13236134. [PMID: 34885244 PMCID: PMC8656508 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The 2017 World Health Organization classification of endocrine tumors defines pituitary adenomas based on their cell lineages. T-PIT can serve as a complimentary tool for further identification of silent corticotroph adenomas (SCAs). Unlike functioning corticotroph adenomas in patients with Cushing’s disease, SCAs present no clinical and biochemical features of Cushing’s syndrome. SCAs have been shown to exhibit a more aggressive course characterized by a higher probability of recurrence and resistance to conventional treatment due to their intrinsic histological features. The aim of our review is to offer an update on the diagnosis, mechanisms, clinical features and management of SCAs. Studies of the molecular mechanisms of SCA pathogenesis will provide new directions for the diagnosis and management of SCAs. Abstract With the introduction of 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of endocrine tumors, T-PIT can serve as a complementary tool for identification of silent corticotroph adenomas (SCAs) in some cases if the tumor is not classifiable by pituitary hormone expression in pathological tissue samples. An increase of the proportion of SCAs among the non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) has been witnessed under the new rule with the detection of T-PIT-positive ACTH-negative SCAs. Studies of molecular mechanisms related to SCA pathogenesis will provide new directions for the diagnosis and management of SCAs. A precise pathological diagnosis can help clinicians better identify SCAs. Understanding clinical features in the context of the pathophysiology of SCAs is critical for optimal management. It could provide information on appropriate follow-up time and aid in early recognition and treatment of potentially aggressive forms. Management approaches include surgical, radiation, and/or medical therapies.
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Fajardo-Montañana C, Villar R, Gómez-Ansón B, Brea B, Mosqueira AJ, Molla E, Enseñat J, Riesgo P, Cardona-Arboniés J, Hernando O. Recomendaciones sobre el diagnóstico y seguimiento radiológico de los tumores neuroendocrinos hipofisarios. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Matsusue E, Inoue C, Tabuchi S, Yoshioka H, Nagao Y, Matsumoto K, Nakamura K, Fujii S. Utility of 3T single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy for differentiating intracranial meningiomas from intracranial enhanced mass lesions. Acta Radiol Open 2021; 10:20584601211009472. [PMID: 34211737 PMCID: PMC8215334 DOI: 10.1177/20584601211009472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides structural and
metabolic information that is useful for the diagnosis of meningiomas with
atypical radiological appearance. However, the metabolite that should be
prioritized for the diagnosis of meningiomas has not been established. Purpose To evaluate the differences between the metabolic peaks of meningiomas and
other intracranial enhanced mass lesions (non-meningiomas) using MR
spectroscopy in short echo time (TE) spectra and the most useful metabolic
peak for discriminating between the groups. Material and Methods The study involved 9 meningiomas, 22 non-meningiomas, intracranial enhancing
tumors and abscesses, and 15 normal controls. The ranking of the peak at
3.8 ppm, peak at 3.8 ppm/Creatine (Cr), β-γ Glutamine-Glutamate (bgGlx)/Cr,
N-acetyl compounds (NACs)/Cr, choline (Cho)/Cr, lipid and/or lactate
(Lip-Lac) at 1.3 ppm/Cr, and the presence of alanine (Ala) were derived. The
metabolic peaks were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. ROC analysis
was used to determine the cut-off values for differentiating meningiomas
from non-meningiomas using statistically significant metabolic peaks. Results The ranking of the peak at 3.8 ppm among all the peaks, peak at 3.8 ppm/Cr,
bgGlx/Cr, Lip-Lac/Cr, and the presence of Ala discriminated meningiomas from
non-meningiomas with moderate to high accuracy. The highest accuracy was
96.9% at a threshold value of 3 for the rank of the peak at 3.8 ppm. Conclusion A distinct elevated peak at 3.8 ppm, ranked among the top three highest
peaks, allowed the detection of meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Matsusue
- Department of Radiology, Tottori Prefectural Central Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | - Chie Inoue
- Department of Radiology, Tottori Prefectural Central Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | - Sadaharu Tabuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tottori Prefectural Central Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshioka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tottori Prefectural Central Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nagao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tottori Prefectural Central Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | - Kensuke Matsumoto
- Department of Radiology, Tottori Prefectural Central Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakamura
- Department of Radiology, Tottori Prefectural Central Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | - Shinya Fujii
- Division of Radiology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
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13
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Wang Z, Guo X, Wang W, Gao L, Bao X, Feng M, Lian W, Zhu H, Xing B. UPLC-MS/MS-based Lipidomic Profiles Revealed Aberrant Lipids Associated with Invasiveness of Silent Corticotroph Adenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e273-e287. [PMID: 33031533 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The accumulation of aberrant lipids and abnormal lipid metabolism in silent corticotroph adenomas (SCAs) could contribute to changes in clinical phenotypes, especially sphenoid sinus invasion. OBJECTIVE To systematically investigate lipidomic and transcriptomic alterations associated with invasiveness and their potential molecular mechanisms in SCAs and to provide candidate biomarkers for predicting invasiveness and novel treatment options for invasive SCAs by targeting lipids. METHODS Fifty-four SCAs (34 invasive/20 noninvasive) were subjected to lipidomic analysis based on ultraperformance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and 42 clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (23 invasive/19 noninvasive) were subjected to transcriptomic analysis. Differential analysis was performed to determine differential lipids and genes between invasive and noninvasive tumors. A functionally connected network was constructed with the molecular pathways as cores. Multiple machine learning methods were applied to identify the most critical lipids, which were further used to construct a lipidomic signature to predict invasive SCAs by multivariate logistic regression, and its performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS Twenty-eight differential lipids were identified, and a functionally connected network was constructed with 2 lipids, 17 genes, and 4 molecular pathways. Connectivity Map (CMap) analysis further revealed 32 potential drugs targeting 4 genes and related pathways. The 4 most critical lipids were identified as risk factors contributing to the invasive phenotype. A lipidomic signature was constructed and showed excellent performance in discriminating invasive and noninvasive SCAs. CONCLUSIONS The lipidomic signature could serve as a promising predictor for the invasive SCA phenotype and provide potential therapeutic targets for SCAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wenze Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lu Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xinjie Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ming Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P.R. China
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bing Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P.R. China
- Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P.R. China
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14
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MacFarlane J, Bashari WA, Senanayake R, Gillett D, van der Meulen M, Powlson AS, Kolias A, Koulouri O, Gurnell M. Advances in the Imaging of Pituitary Tumors. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2020; 49:357-373. [PMID: 32741476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In most patients with pituitary adenomas magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential to guide effective decision-making. T1- and T2-weighted sequences allow the majority of adenomas to be readily identified. Supplementary MR sequences (e.g. FLAIR; MR angiography) may also help inform surgery. However, in some patients MRI findings are 'negative' or equivocal (e.g. with failure to reliably identify a microadenoma or to distinguish postoperative change from residual/recurrent disease). Molecular imaging [e.g. 11C-methionine PET/CT coregistered with volumetric MRI (Met-PET/MRCR)] may allow accurate localisation of the site of de novo or persistent disease to guide definitive treatment (e.g. surgery or radiosurgery).
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Affiliation(s)
- James MacFarlane
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Waiel A Bashari
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Russell Senanayake
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Daniel Gillett
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Merel van der Meulen
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Andrew S Powlson
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Angelos Kolias
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Olympia Koulouri
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Mark Gurnell
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
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15
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Akbari N, Ghorbani M, Salimi V, Alimohammadi A, Khamseh ME, Akbari H, Nourbakhsh M, Sheikhi A, Taghavi SF, Tavakoli-Yaraki M. Cyclooxygenase enzyme and PGE2 expression in patients with functional and non-functional pituitary adenomas. BMC Endocr Disord 2020; 20:39. [PMID: 32171274 PMCID: PMC7071656 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-020-0515-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pituitary adenomas as multifactorial intracranial neoplasms impose a massive burden of morbidity on patients and characterizing the molecular mechanism underlying their pathogenesis has received considerable attention. Despite the appealing role of cyclooxygenase enzymes and their bioactive lipid products in cancer pathogenesis, their relevance to pituitary adenoma pathogenesis is debated and yet to be determined. Thus, the current study perused this relevance. METHODS The expression level of the isoforms of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) was evaluated in hormone-secreting and in-active pituitary adenoma tumors and normal pituitary tissues through Real-Time PCR. The level of PGE2, as the main product of enzymes, was assessed using enzyme immunoassay kits in patients and healthy subjects. RESULTS The results of the current study demonstrated that COX-1 and COX-2 expression levels were increased in pituitary tumors including non-functional pituitary adenoma (NFPA), acromegaly, Cushing's disease and prolactinoma compared with normal pituitary tissues. A significant expression level of COX-2 was observed in NFPA compared with the other pituitary tumors. Furthermore, the COX-2 expression level was significantly increased in macroadenoma and invasive tumors. The level of PGE2 was consistent with COX enzymes enhanced in pituitary adenoma tumors compared with healthy pituitary tissue. A significant elevation in the PGE2 level was detected in NFPA compared with hormone-secreting pituitary tumors. Additionally, the PGE2 level was increased in macroadenoma compared with microadenoma and in invasive compared with non-invasive pituitary tumors. The diagnostic values of cyclooxygenase isoforms and PGE2 were considerable between patients and healthy groups; however, COX-2 revealed more value in distinguishing endocrinologically active and non-active pituitary tumors. CONCLUSIONS Data from the current study provides expression patterns of COX-1, COX-2 and PGE2 in prevalent pituitary tumors and their association with patients' clinical features which may open up new molecular targets for early diagnosis/follow up of pituitary tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Akbari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ghorbani
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Salimi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad E Khamseh
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Akbari
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Sayad Shirazi Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Sheikhi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Fahimeh Taghavi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Tavakoli-Yaraki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Childs GV, MacNicol AM, MacNicol MC. Molecular Mechanisms of Pituitary Cell Plasticity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:656. [PMID: 33013715 PMCID: PMC7511515 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that mediate plasticity in pituitary function have long been a subject of vigorous investigation. Early studies overcame technical barriers and challenged conceptual barriers to identify multipotential and multihormonal cell populations that contribute to diverse pituitary stress responses. Decades of intensive study have challenged the standard model of dedicated, cell type-specific hormone production and have revealed the malleable cellular fates that mediate pituitary responses. Ongoing studies at all levels, from animal physiology to molecular analyses, are identifying the mechanisms underlying this cellular plasticity. This review describes the findings from these studies that utilized state-of-the-art tools and techniques to identify mechanisms of plasticity throughout the pituitary and focuses on the insights brought to our understanding of pituitary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwen V Childs
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Angus M MacNicol
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Melanie C MacNicol
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
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17
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Bashari WA, Senanayake R, Fernández-Pombo A, Gillett D, Koulouri O, Powlson AS, Matys T, Scoffings D, Cheow H, Mendichovszky I, Gurnell M. Modern imaging of pituitary adenomas. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 33:101278. [PMID: 31208872 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Decision-making in pituitary disease is critically dependent on high quality imaging of the sella and parasellar region. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the investigation of choice and, for the majority of patients, combined T1 and T2 weighted sequences provide the information required to allow surgery, radiotherapy (RT) and/or medical therapy to be planned and long-term outcomes to be monitored. However, in some cases standard clinical MR sequences are indeterminate and additional information is needed to help inform the choice of therapy for a pituitary adenoma (PA). This article reviews current recommendations for imaging of PA, examines the potential added value that alternative MR sequences and/or CT can offer, and considers how the use of functional/molecular imaging might allow definitive treatment to be recommended for a subset of patients who would otherwise be deemed unsuitable for (further) surgery and/or RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waiel A Bashari
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Russell Senanayake
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Antía Fernández-Pombo
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Daniel Gillett
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Olympia Koulouri
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Andrew S Powlson
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tomasz Matys
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Daniel Scoffings
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Heok Cheow
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Iosif Mendichovszky
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Mark Gurnell
- Cambridge Endocrine Molecular Imaging Group, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
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18
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Hu J, Yin H, Li B, Yang H. Identification of Transcriptional Metabolic Dysregulation in Subtypes of Pituitary Adenoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:2441-2451. [PMID: 31819570 PMCID: PMC6885545 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s226056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pituitary adenoma (PA) is a prevalent intracranial tumor. Metabolites differ between pituitary tumor and healthy tissues or among different tumor subtypes. However, the transcriptional changes in metabolic enzymes, which are usually seemed as targets for metabolic therapy, remain unidentified. METHODS Using microarray data for 160 samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, across the four most common tumor subtypes, we present the integrated identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tumors and controls. RESULTS Subtype-specific DEGs revealed 1081 prolactin tumor-specific DEGs, 437 nonfunctioning tumor-specific DEGs, and 217 common DEGs among the four subtypes. Functional enrichment showed that a lot of biological functions related to metabolism had changed. Twenty-one prolactin and twenty-three nonfunctioning tumor-specific metabolic-related DEGs are mainly involved in fatty acid and nucleotide metabolism, redox reaction, and gluconeogenesis. Eighteen metabolic-related DEGs enriched in the metabolism of xenobiotics by the cytochrome P450 pathway, sulfur metabolism, retinoid metabolism, and glucose homeostasis were abnormal in all subtypes of PA. CONCLUSION Based on a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the available PA-related transcriptomics data, we identified specific DEGs related to metabolism, and some of them might be new attractive therapeutic targets. Especially, PDK4 and PCK1 might be new attractive biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huachun Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Bo Li; Hui Yang Email ;
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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