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Peghinelli VV, De Sibio MT, Depra IDC, Teles Bezerra MG, Sakalem ME, Júnior AFDM, da Rocha PB, Tilli HP, Gonçalves BM, Vieira EM, Lourenço MM, Nogueira CR. MODY calculator applied in patients with clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus: Is a higher cutoff needed? Heliyon 2024; 10:e36006. [PMID: 39224250 PMCID: PMC11367115 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to evaluate the mean post-test probability (PTP) of the Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) calculator in a multiethnic cohort of patients previously diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Materials and methods The MODY probability calculator proposed by Shields and colleagues (2012) was applied to 117 patients from a T1DM outpatient clinic at a tertiary hospital in Brazil. Additionally, two exons of the HNF1A gene were sequenced in eight patients who hadn't received insulin treatment within six months after the diagnosis. Results 17.1 % of patients achieved PTP >10 %; 11.1 % achieved PTP >25 % (and all patients >30 %), and 7.7 % achieved PTP >40 %. Among the patients who were selected for genetic sequencing, 100 % presented PTP >30 %, with 66.6 % achieving PTP >40 % and 41.6 % achieving PTP >75 %. These cutoffs are as suggested for the Brazilian population, according to previous investigations. No mutation was observed in the sequenced exons. Conclusion Considering that only around 10 % of the evaluated cases achieved PTP >30 %, it is highly probable that the most suitable cutoff to select patients for genetic sequencing in a Brazilian cohort of T1DM is higher than the cutoff used in Caucasian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Teresa De Sibio
- Departament of Internal Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Igor de Carvalho Depra
- Departament of Internal Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena Gurgel Teles Bezerra
- Grupo de Diabetes Monogênico (Monogenic Diabetes Group), Unidade de Endocrinologia, Genética (LIM25), Unidade de Diabetes, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Marna Eliana Sakalem
- Departament of Anatomy, State University of Londrina – UEL, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Barreto da Rocha
- Departament of Internal Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena Paim Tilli
- Departament of Internal Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca Mariani Gonçalves
- Departament of Internal Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ester Mariane Vieira
- Departament of Internal Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Menezes Lourenço
- Departament of Internal Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Célia Regina Nogueira
- Departament of Internal Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Alazmi A, Bashiru MB, Viktor S, Erjavec M. Psychological variables and lifestyle in children with type1 diabetes and their parents: A systematic review. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 29:1174-1194. [PMID: 37249210 PMCID: PMC11188552 DOI: 10.1177/13591045231177115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes may impact physical and psychosocial well-being; the diabetes incidence has seen a drastic increase globally. There is also a rise in poor mental health and well-being in children with and without chronic illness; problems are being seen at a younger age. The objective of this review was to understand the determinants of these problems in a family context. We conducted a systematic review to investigate what lifestyle and psychological factors influence children with Type 1 diabetes and their parents. A focused literature search was performed using a combination of keywords that covered the relevant terminology for diabetes, target population, and associated emotional distress, using electronic bibliographic databases containing publications until May 2022. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tools for Quantitative Studies. Twenty articles met the inclusion criteria. Quality scores were weak because of a lack of comparison groups, information about the type of therapy, or adequate sample sizes. Many of the studies included a wide age range in their sample. The majority of the studies reported that parents and their children showed depression symptoms, fear of hypoglycaemia, and higher parenting stress. We conclude that sufficiently powered studies employing appropriate control groups and measures are needed to elucidate the psychological variables associated with Type1 diabetes in children and the effects on parents, especially considering primary-age children who are increasingly reported to suffer from poor mental health, and its implications. This should help to introduce better targeted interventions and improve behavioural outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrah Alazmi
- School of Human and Behavioural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | | | - Simon Viktor
- School of Human and Behavioural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Mihela Erjavec
- School of Human and Behavioural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
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Alhujaili HO, Alanazi AM, Alshehri WM, Alghamdi RA, Alqasem AA, Alhumaid FI, AlGhamdi RA, Almaymuni KK. Adherence to Eye Examination Guidelines Among Individuals With Diabetes in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e51472. [PMID: 38298281 PMCID: PMC10828750 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with diabetes are at risk of developing diabetic retinopathy, a vision-threatening complication. Regular eye examinations are crucial for early detection and management. Ensuring adherence to eye examination guidelines is essential to prevent visual impairment and blindness in this at-risk population. METHODS This was cross-sectional study, and a validated questionnaire was physically administered among adult individuals with diabetes (both males and females) in Saudi Arabia. The data were gathered and analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS, version 26.0) software (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY). This study took approximately three months from the period August 2023 to November 2023. RESULTS This study found that most participants had type 1 diabetes (46.1%, n=83) and had been diagnosed for more than 10 years (49.4%, n=89). The most used management strategy (48.9%, n=88) was lifestyle changes and anti-diabetic medications. Most of the participants (93.3%, n=168) were fully aware of the severe eye complications of diabetes, as well as diabetic retinopathy and its complications (48.9%, n=88). The most common source of information about the importance of eye exams was healthcare professionals (56.7%, n=102). Most of the participants had annual eye exams (58.3%, n=105) and within the previous year, specifically related to their diabetes (62.8%, n=113). Adherence to eye examination guidelines was higher in those who had diabetes for more than 10 years (p=0.009), those who were on lifestyle changes and insulin therapy or anti-diabetic medications (p=0.030), those who were fully aware of severe eye complications and diabetic retinopathy (p=0.017 and p=0.020, respectively), and those with type 2 diabetes (p=0.001). In addition, participants who understood the importance of eye examinations had better glucose control (p=0.017), had eye examinations within the previous year (p=0.001), and had heard about the importance of eye examinations from healthcare professionals (p=0.020). The findings revealed the most common reasons for not getting an eye exam were a lack of awareness (37.8%) and distance from the hospital. CONCLUSION To summarize, many people with diabetes do not get regular eye exams often because they are unaware of how important these exams are. Long-term diabetics who are aware of the dangers of diabetic retinopathy are more likely to heed this advice. However, adherence was linked to more frequent eye exams and better glucose control. Adherence and wide awareness must be created to improve retinopathy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Waleed M Alshehri
- General Practice, King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Medical City, Madina, SAU
| | - Rayan A Alghamdi
- Medicine and Surgery, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abdulmlk A Alqasem
- Medicine and Surgery, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
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4
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Smudja M, Milenkovic T, Minakovic I, Zdravkovic V, Mitic S, Milutinovic D. Determinants of health-related quality of life in children and adolescents living with type 1 diabetes mellitus during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurs Open 2023; 10:7394-7410. [PMID: 37688291 PMCID: PMC10563408 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify the determinants of self-reported health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus during the coronavirus pandemic. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS The study sample included 182 children and adolescents who had been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus at least 3 months prior. Data collection instruments included sociodemographic and glycaemic control protocol adherence questionnaires, documentation sheet for recording clinical data, and Serbian versions of the EuroQol-5D-Y and KidScreen27 questionnaires, which were used to assess health-related quality of life. RESULTS Glycaemic control adherence, presence of comorbidities, level of metabolic control, and type of insulin therapy were identified as key determinants of self-reported health-related quality of life. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Smudja
- Academy for Applied Studies BelgradeDepartment of Higher Medical SchoolBelgradeSerbia
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Novi SadNovi SadSerbia
| | - Tatjana Milenkovic
- Department of EndocrinologyMother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr. Vukan Cupic"BelgradeSerbia
| | - Ivana Minakovic
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Novi SadNovi SadSerbia
- Health Center Novi SadNovi SadSerbia
| | - Vera Zdravkovic
- University Children's Hospital BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Sandra Mitic
- Specialized Hospital "Bukovicka banja" ArandjelovacArandjelovacSerbia
| | - Dragana Milutinovic
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment of NursingUniversity of Novi SadNovi SadSerbia
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Hashemipour M, Maracy M, Javanmard SH, Zamaneh F, Mostofizadeh N, Hovsepian S. Trends in incidence rates of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus: A retrospective study in Isfahan province, Iran. J Diabetes Investig 2023; 14:376-386. [PMID: 36695001 PMCID: PMC9951581 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION We aimed to determine the incidence trend of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus in Isfahan province over a period of 12 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, children aged <20 years at the time of type 1 diabetes mellitus diagnosis, from March 2007 to March 2019, were included. The crude and adjusted incidence rate of type 1 diabetes mellitus is calculated as the number of cases per 100,000 person-years by the period. The cumulative, age- and sex-specific incidence rates were also calculated. Age-specific incidence rates were calculated for age and sex groups. RESULTS A total of 1,954 (983 boys and 971 girls) cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus were identified. The mean age at diagnosis in all studied populations was 9.89 (standard deviation 4.76). There were no significant differences between the proportion of boys and girls in different years (P = 0.12) and different age groups (P = 0.19). The average annual percent change of incidence rate for the total population, for girls and boys, was 6.9%, 6.7% and 6.3% respectively. The type 1 diabetes mellitus incidence rate had a significant trend to be increased from 2007 to 2019 (P < 0.001, t = 3.6). CONCLUSION Our findings showed that currently our region is considered a region with a high incidence rate of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Although we have had fluctuations in the incidence rate over the 12 years, the overall trend is increasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Hashemipour
- Metabolic Liver Diseases Research Center, Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research CenterIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Mohammadreza Maracy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of HealthIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | | | - Farzane Zamaneh
- Metabolic Liver Diseases Research CenterIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Neda Mostofizadeh
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Imam Hossein Children's HospitalIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Silva Hovsepian
- Metabolic Liver Diseases Research Center, Imam Hossein Children's HospitalIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
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Elashi AA, Toor SM, Diboun I, Al-Sarraj Y, Taheri S, Suhre K, Abou-Samra AB, Albagha OME. The Genetic Spectrum of Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) in Qatar, a Population-Based Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010130. [PMID: 36613572 PMCID: PMC9820507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a rare monogenic form of diabetes mellitus. In this study, we estimated the prevalence and genetic spectrum of MODY in the Middle Eastern population of Qatar using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 14,364 subjects from the population-based Qatar biobank (QBB) cohort. We focused our investigations on 14 previously identified genes ascribed to the cause of MODY and two potentially novel MODY-causing genes, RFX6 and NKX6-1. Genetic variations within the 16 MODY-related genes were assessed for their pathogenicity to identify disease-causing mutations. Analysis of QBB phenotype data revealed 72 subjects (0.5%) with type 1 diabetes, 2915 subjects (20.3%) with type 2 diabetes and 11,377 (79.2%) without diabetes. We identified 22 mutations in 67 subjects that were previously reported in the Human Genetic Mutation Database (HGMD) as disease-causing (DM) or likely disease causing (DM?) for MODY. We also identified 28 potentially novel MODY-causing mutations, predicted to be among the top 1% most deleterious mutations in the human genome, which showed complete (100%) disease penetrance in 34 subjects. Overall, we estimated that MODY accounts for around 2.2-3.4% of diabetes patients in Qatar. This is the first population-based study to determine the genetic spectrum and estimate the prevalence of MODY in the Middle East. Further research to characterize the newly identified mutations is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma A. Elashi
- College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Salman M. Toor
- College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Ilhame Diboun
- College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- Medical and Population Genomics Lab, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar
| | - Yasser Al-Sarraj
- Qatar Genome Program (QGP), Qatar Foundation Research, Development and Innovation, Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 5825, Qatar
| | - Shahrad Taheri
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Omar M. E. Albagha
- College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +974-4454-2974
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7
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Nikeghbalian S, Ali Malekhosseini S, Shamsaeefar A, Nikoupour H, Arasteh P, Dehghani M. Shiraz, Iran: The Largest Center for Pancreas Transplantation in the Middle East. Transplantation 2022; 106:221-224. [PMID: 35100223 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Nikeghbalian
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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8
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Momani AM, Callery P, Lin YL, Abduelkader RH, Al Akash HY. "It [Diabetes] is From God and I Need to Take Care of Myself": Type 1 Diabetes Self-Management Among Adolescents and Their Parents in Jordan. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e140222201109. [PMID: 35156585 DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666220214114908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes is the most common endocrine condition among adolescents. Diabetes self-management can be challenging during adolescence. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to understand how adolescents and their parents manage type 1 diabetes in Jordan. METHODS Constructivist grounded theory methodology principles were used to achieve the study aim. A total of 48 participants were recruited using purposive and theoretical sampling techniques, including adolescents and their parents. Data were collected (October 2016 - April 2017) using 38 semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews (one-to-one or joint interviews based on participants' preferences). Data were collected and analyzed concurrently using different levels of coding, constant comparative analysis, and memo writing. This study was approved by relevant ethics committees from the University of Manchester and Jordan University Hospital. RESULTS The theme of living with diabetes is presented and discussed in this article. Culture emerged as the central theme; two aspects of culture are presented in this article: collectivism and cultural beliefs. CONCLUSION This study identified that diabetes self-management could be influenced by the culture in which Jordanian adolescents live in as well as being shaped by their religious beliefs. These findings are potentially transferable to other Arab and non-Arab countries that share similar cultural aspects and religious beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Callery
- School of Biology, Medicine and Health, Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work at the University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Yin-Ling Lin
- School of Biology, Medicine and Health, Division of Dentistry at the University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Hekmat Y Al Akash
- School of Nursing at the Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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9
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Haris B, Saraswathi S, Al‐Khawaga S, Hasnah R, Saeed A, Mundekkadan S, Hamed N, Afyouni H, Abdel‐Karim T, Mohammed S, Khalifa A, Al‐Maadheed M, Al‐Zyoud M, Shamekh A, Elawwa A, Al‐Khalaf F, Boughorbel S, Petrovski G, Hussain K. Epidemiology, genetic landscape and classification of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 12:2141-2148. [PMID: 34101350 PMCID: PMC8668069 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION To study the epidemiology, genetic landscape and causes of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar. MATERIALS AND METHODS All patients (aged 0-18 years) with diabetes mellitus underwent biochemical, immunological and genetic testing. American Diabetes Association guidelines were used to classify types of diabetes mellitus. The incidence and prevalence of all the different types of diabetes mellitus were calculated. RESULTS Total number of children with diabetes mellitus was 1,325 (type 1 n = 1,096, ≥1 antibody; type 2 n = 104, type 1B n = 53; maturity onset diabetes of the young n = 20; monogenic autoimmune n = 4; neonatal diabetes mellitus n = 10;, syndromic diabetes mellitus n = 23; and double diabetes mellitus n = 15). The incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes were 38.05 and 249.73 per 100,000, respectively, and for type 2 were 2.51 and 23.7 per 100,000, respectively. The incidence of neonatal diabetes mellitus was 34.4 per 1,000,000 live births, and in indigenous Qataris the incidence was 43.6 per 1,000,000 live births. The prevalence of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes in Qatari children was double compared with other nationalities. The prevalence of maturity onset diabetes of the young in Qatar was 4.56 per 100,000. CONCLUSIONS This is the first prospective and comprehensive study to document the epidemiology and genetic landscape of childhood diabetes mellitus in this region. Qatar has the fourth highest incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus, with the incidence and prevalence being higher in Qatari compared with non-Qatari. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is also higher in Qatar than in Western countries. The incidence of neonatal diabetes mellitus is the second highest in the world. GCK is the most common form of maturity onset diabetes of the young, and a large number of patients have type 1B diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Haris
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Saras Saraswathi
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Sara Al‐Khawaga
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Reem Hasnah
- Translational ResearchSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Amira Saeed
- Translational ResearchSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Shihab Mundekkadan
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Noor Hamed
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Houda Afyouni
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | | | - Shayma Mohammed
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Amel Khalifa
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Maryam Al‐Maadheed
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Mahmoud Al‐Zyoud
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Ahmed Shamekh
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Ahmed Elawwa
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Fawziya Al‐Khalaf
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | | | - Goran Petrovski
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Khalid Hussain
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
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10
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Ibrahim MN, Laghari TM, Riaz M, Khoso Z, Khan YN, Yasir M, Hanif MI, Flanagan SE, De Franco E, Raza J. Monogenic diabetes in Pakistani infants and children: challenges in a resource poor country. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 34:1095-1103. [PMID: 34187112 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2020-0669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review the data of infants and children with suspected monogenic diabetes who underwent genetic testing. METHODS Monogenic diabetes is a rare form of diabetes resulting from mutations in a single gene. It can be caused by dominant as well as recessive modes of inheritance. In a country like Pakistan where interfamily marriages are common the incidence of genetic disorders is increased. As Pakistan a resource-poor country, the diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes is often delayed and a genetic diagnosis of monogenic diabetes is extremely difficult. Children with clinical diagnosis of monogenic and syndromic diabates were recruited and blood samples were sent for genetic analysis. RESULTS One thousand sixty four new cases diagnosed with type 1 diabetes were registered at the National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, in the last 10 years. Of these 39 patients were selected for genetic testing who were diagnosed with diabetes/had a sibling diagnosed with diabetes before the age of nine months (n = 27) or had extra pancreatic features ( n= 12). We identified mutations in 18/27 cases diagnosed with diabetes before nine months of age. The most common genetic subtype was WolcottRallison syndrome caused by EIF2AK3 mutations (seven cases). KCNJ11 mutations were identified in two cases, ABCC8mutations were identified in four cases from three families, GCK and INS mutations were each identified in two cases, and one SLC2A2 mutation was identified in one case. A genetic diagnosis was made in 12/12 children from six families with diabetes diagnosed after the age of nine months who had extrapancreatic features. Six patients had genetically confirmed Wolfram syndrome (WFS1), three had thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (SLC19A2) and three were diagnosed with histocytosis lymphadenopathy plus syndrome (SLC29A3). CONCLUSIONS Genetic testing is essential to confirm a diagnosis of monogenic diabetes which guides clinical management and future counselling. Our study highlights the importance of diagnosing monogenic diabetes in the largely consanguineously-married population of Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miara Riaz
- National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zubair Khoso
- National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Mehar Yasir
- National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Sarah E Flanagan
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, Exeter, UK
| | - Elisa De Franco
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, Exeter, UK
| | - Jamal Raza
- National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, Pakistan
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11
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Barakat C, Yousufzai SJ, Booth A, Benova L. Prevalence of and risk factors for diabetes mellitus in the school-attending adolescent population of the United Arab Emirates: a large cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e046956. [PMID: 34526335 PMCID: PMC8444241 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevalence of diabetes has reportedly increased among adolescents in low-income and middle-income countries of the Middle East and may be linked to social, demographic and economic contextual factors. This study aimed: (1) to estimate the prevalence of self-reported diagnosis of diabetes in the adolescent population of the United Arab Emirates (UAE); (2) to assess differences in the prevalence based on gender and (3) to identify other characteristics of those with diabetes including parental marital status, smoking/illegal drug use, quality of life and nationality. DESIGN A secondary data analysis was performed on data from the National Study of Population Health in the UAE, conducted between 2007 and 2009. SETTING Large cross-sectional population-based survey study. PARTICIPANTS Survey was administered to a stratified random sample of 151 public and private schools from the UAE, across 7 emirates. 6365 school-attending adolescents (12-22 years; mean=16 years) participated. OUTCOMES Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between diabetes diagnosis and characteristics of participants after adjusting for confounding from other predictors. RESULTS The overall prevalence of self-reported diabetes was 0.9% (95% CI 0.7% to 1.2%) and was higher in males 1.5% (95% CI 1.0% to 2.1%) than females 0.5% (95% CI 0.3% to 0.8%), (p<0.001). Children of parents who were not currently married had more than twice the odds of self-reporting diabetes (p=0.031) compared with those with married parents. Adolescents who reported ever smoking/using illegal drugs had more than three times the odds of diabetes (p<0.001). CONCLUSION We found a positive association between certain characteristics of adolescents and their diabetes status, including male gender, parental marital status and smoking/illegal drug use. The high prevalence of smoking/illegal drug use among those reporting a diagnosis of diabetes suggests the need for behavioural and mental health interventions for adolescents with diabetes, as well as strong parental support and involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Barakat
- Faculty of Health Science, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Alison Booth
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London, UK
| | - Lenka Benova
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium
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12
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Ali Khan I. Do second generation sequencing techniques identify documented genetic markers for neonatal diabetes mellitus? Heliyon 2021; 7:e07903. [PMID: 34584998 PMCID: PMC8455689 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is noted as a genetic, heterogeneous, and rare disease in infants. NDM occurs due to a single-gene mutation in neonates. A common source for developing NDM in an infant is the existence of mutations/variants in the KCNJ11 and ABCC8 genes, encoding the subunits of the voltage-dependent potassium channel. Both KCNJ11 and ABCC8 genes are useful in diagnosing monogenic diabetes during infancy. Genetic analysis was previously performed using first-generation sequencing techniques, such as DNA-Sanger sequencing, which uses chain-terminating inhibitors. Sanger sequencing has certain limitations; it can screen a limited region of exons in one gene, but it cannot screen large regions of the human genome. In the last decade, first generation sequencing techniques have been replaced with second-generation sequencing techniques, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), which sequences nucleic-acids more rapidly and economically than Sanger sequencing. NGS applications are involved in whole exome sequencing (WES), whole genome sequencing (WGS), and targeted gene panels. WES characterizes a substantial breakthrough in human genetics. Genetic testing for custom genes allows the screening of the complete gene, including introns and exons. The aim of this review was to confirm if the 22 genetic variations previously documented to cause NDM by Sanger sequencing could be detected using second generation sequencing techniques. The author has cross-checked global studies performed in NDM using NGS, ES/WES, WGS, and targeted gene panels as second-generation sequencing techniques; WES confirmed the similar variants, which have been previously documented with Sanger sequencing. WES is documented as a powerful tool and WGS as the most comprehensive test for verified the documented variants, as well as novel enhancers. This review recommends for the future studies should be performed with second generation sequencing techniques to identify the verified 22 genetic and novel variants by screening in NDM (PNDM or TNMD) children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali Khan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box-10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Setayesh L, Casazza K, Moradi N, Mehranfar S, Yarizadeh H, Amini A, Yekaninejad MS, Mirzaei K. Association of vitamin D-binding protein and vitamin D 3 with insulin and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) in overweight and obese females. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:193. [PMID: 34011380 PMCID: PMC8136187 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05608-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Equivocal association the contribution of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and the well-accepted role of vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) on bioavailability of 25(OH)D or its independent roles, has led to possible association of the VDBP in glucose metabolism. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationships among 25(OH)D, VDBP, glucose/insulin metabolism and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR). Blood samples were collected from 236 obese and overweight women. VDBP and 25(OH)D levels, and biochemical parameters were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). An impedance fat analyzer was utilized to acquire the body composition. RESULTS Using the multivariate linear regression, a reverse relationship was observed between VDBP and (HOMA-IR), such that women with higher VDBP displayed lower insulin resistance. The relationship was independent of age, body mass index, standardized energy intake and physical activity (p = 0.00). No significant relationship between 25(OH)D levels, FBS, body composition or insulin resistance were observed (p > 0.2). Current study observed that higher level of VDBP may be associated with lower levels of insulin and HOMA-IR, thus the evaluation of VDBP in diverse population groups seems to have significant clinical value in evaluating the prevalence of DM or early stage of glucose intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Setayesh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.,Students Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Krista Casazza
- Marieb College of Health and Human Services, Florida Gulf Coast University, Florida, FL, USA
| | - Nariman Moradi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Sanaz Mehranfar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib Yarizadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Amini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Australian College of Kuwait, 13015, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Kohil A, Al-Asmakh M, Al-Shafai M, Terranegra A. The Interplay Between Diet and the Epigenome in the Pathogenesis of Type-1 Diabetes. Front Nutr 2021; 7:612115. [PMID: 33585535 PMCID: PMC7876257 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.612115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The autoimmune disease, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), results in the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, and the International Diabetes Federation reports that its incidence is increasing worldwide. T1DM is a complex disease due to the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Certain dietary patterns and nutrients are known to cause epigenetic modifications in physiological conditions and diseases. However, the interplay between diet and epigenetics is not yet well-understood in the context of T1DM. Several studies have described epigenetic mechanisms involved in the autoimmune reactions that destroy the β-cells, but few explored diet components as potential triggers for epigenetic modifications. Clarifying the link between diet and epigenome can provide new insights into the pathogenesis of T1DM, potentially leading to new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. In this mini review, we shed light on the influence of the diet-epigenome axis on the pathophysiology of T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Kohil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maha Al-Asmakh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mashael Al-Shafai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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15
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Abu-Farha M, Tuomilehto J, Abubaker J. Editorial: Diabetes in the Middle East. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:638653. [PMID: 33716990 PMCID: PMC7945692 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.638653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abu-Farha
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
- *Correspondence: Mohamed Abu-Farha,
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jehad Abubaker
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
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16
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Sirdah MM, Reading NS. Genetic predisposition in type 2 diabetes: A promising approach toward a personalized management of diabetes. Clin Genet 2020; 98:525-547. [PMID: 32385895 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, also known simply as diabetes, has been described as a chronic and complex endocrine metabolic disorder that is a leading cause of death across the globe. It is considered a key public health problem worldwide and one of four important non-communicable diseases prioritized for intervention through world health campaigns by various international foundations. Among its four categories, Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the commonest form of diabetes accounting for over 90% of worldwide cases. Unlike monogenic inherited disorders that are passed on in a simple pattern, T2D is a multifactorial disease with a complex etiology, where a mixture of genetic and environmental factors are strong candidates for the development of the clinical condition and pathology. The genetic factors are believed to be key predisposing determinants in individual susceptibility to T2D. Therefore, identifying the predisposing genetic variants could be a crucial step in T2D management as it may ameliorate the clinical condition and preclude complications. Through an understanding the unique genetic and environmental factors that influence the development of this chronic disease individuals can benefit from personalized approaches to treatment. We searched the literature published in three electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of Science for the current status of T2D and its associated genetic risk variants and discus promising approaches toward a personalized management of this chronic, non-communicable disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Sirdah
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Biology Department, Al Azhar University-Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - N Scott Reading
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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