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Hu R, Geng Y, Huang Y, Liu Z, Li F, Song K, Ma W, Dong H, Zhang M, Lei T, Song Y, Zhang Z. Jiawei Buzhong Yiqi Decoction attenuates polycystic ovary syndrome through regulating kisspeptin-GPR54-AKT-SHBG system. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 133:155931. [PMID: 39116604 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common reproductive endocrine disorders. Accumulated evidence has suggested the indispensable role of kisspeptin-G protein-coupled receptor (GPR54) system and SHBG in development of PCOS. However, potential mechanisms and their relationship are unclear. Jiawei Buzhong Yiqi Decoction (JWBZYQ) has been reported to ameliorate obese PCOS. Whereas, potential mechanisms remain elusive. PURPOSE To determine whether JWBZYQ attenuates PCOS by regulating the kisspeptin-GPR54 system and SHBG production. And to explore potential mechanisms. METHODS An overweight PCOS rat model was developed with testosterone propionate (TP) and high-fat diet (HFD). The efficacy of JWBZYQ was assessed by tracking changes in weight, estrous cycle, ovarian morphology, and serum sex hormone levels. Additionally, kisspeptin-GPR54 system expression in multiple organs and PI3K-AKT pathway activity in liver of different rats were detected. Modifications in SHBG production were also measured. Kisspeptin54 was administered to establish a cellular model. The levels of AKT phosphorylation and SHBG protein within HepG2 cells were analyzed. Finally, confirmatory studies were performed using AKT phosphorylation activator and inhibitor. RESULTS JWBZYQ effectively attenuated the overweight, disrupted estrous cycle, altered sex hormone levels, and aberrant ovarian morphology in PCOS rats. Meanwhile, PCOS rats exhibited elevated levels of kisspeptin and GPR54, along with reduced SHBG levels, which could be reversed by JWBZYQ. These alterations might be connected with the activation of AKT phosphorylation. In vitro experiment identified that JWBZYQ could rectify the hyperactivated AKT phosphorylation and deficient production of SHBG caused by kisspeptin54. CONCLUSIONS Overexpressed kisspeptin-GPR54 system inhibited SHBG synthesis in PCOS. JWBZYQ curtailed the exorbitant expression of kisspeptin and GPR54, which moderated the rise in AKT phosphorylation and subsequently promoted the production of SHBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runan Hu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuli Geng
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yanjing Huang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Fan Li
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kunkun Song
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wenwen Ma
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Haoxu Dong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Mingmin Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yufan Song
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Nguyen NN, Lin CY, Tsai WL, Huang HY, Chen CM, Tung YT, Chen YC. Natural sweetener glycyrrhizin protects against precocious puberty by modulating the gut microbiome. Life Sci 2024; 350:122789. [PMID: 38848942 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Precocious puberty (PP) may lead to many adverse outcomes. Recent evidence suggests that PP is a gut-brain disease. On the other hand, the use of glycyrrhizin, a natural sweetener, has become popular in the past decade. Glycyrrhizin possesses various health benefits, but its impact on PP has yet to be investigated. We aimed to explore the protective effects of glycyrrhizin against PP in both humans (observational) and animals (interventional). MATERIALS AND METHODS In the human cohort, we investigated the association between glycyrrhizin consumption and risk of PP. In the animal experiment, we observed puberty onset after feeding danazol-induced PP rats with glycyrrizin. Blood, fecal, and hypothalamic samples were harvested to evaluate potential mechanistic pathways. We also performed a fecal microbiota transplantation to confirm to causal relationship between glycyrrhizin and PP risk. KEY FINDINGS Glycyrrhizin exhibited a protective effect against PP in children (OR 0.60, 95%CI: 0.39-0.89, p = 0.013), primarily driven by its significance in girls, while no significant effect was observed in boys. This effect was consistent with findings in rodents. These benefits were achieved through the modulation of the gut microbiome, which functionally suppressed the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and prevented PP progression. A fecal microbiota transplantation indicated that the causal correlation between glycyrrhizin intake and PP is mediated by the gut microbiome alterations. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings suggest that glycyrrhizin can protect against PP by altering the gut microbiome. Long term use of glycyrrhizin is safe and tolerable. Therefore, glycyrrhizin can serve as a safe and affordable complementary therapy for PP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Nhat Nguyen
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yuan Lin
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ling Tsai
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Department of Health Promotion and Gerontological Care, College of LOHAS, Taipei University of Marine Technology, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Huang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Ching Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan; School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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Wang Y, Jin C, Li H, Liang X, Zhao C, Wu N, Yue M, Zhao L, Yu H, Wang Q, Ge Y, Huo M, Lv X, Zhang L, Zhao G, Gai Z. Gut microbiota-metabolite interactions meditate the effect of dietary patterns on precocious puberty. iScience 2024; 27:109887. [PMID: 38784002 PMCID: PMC11112371 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Precocious puberty, a pediatric endocrine disorder classified as central precocious puberty (CPP) or peripheral precocious puberty (PPP), is influenced by diet, gut microbiota, and metabolites, but the specific mechanisms remain unclear. Our study found that increased alpha-diversity and abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria led to elevated levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, contributing to precocious puberty. The integration of specific microbiota and metabolites has potential diagnostic value for precocious puberty. The Prevotella genus-controlled interaction factor, influenced by complex carbohydrate consumption, mediated a reduction in estradiol levels. Interactions between obesity-related bacteria and metabolites mediated the beneficial effect of seafood in reducing luteinizing hormone levels, reducing the risk of obesity-induced precocious puberty, and preventing progression from PPP to CPP. This study provides valuable insights into the complex interplay between diet, gut microbiota and metabolites in the onset, development and clinical classification of precocious puberty and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
- Jinan Children’s Hospital, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Chuandi Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Microbiome-X, National Institute of Health Data Science of China, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hongying Li
- Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
- Jinan Children’s Hospital, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xiangrong Liang
- Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
- Jinan Children’s Hospital, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Changying Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Microbiome-X, National Institute of Health Data Science of China, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Microbiome-X, National Institute of Health Data Science of China, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Min Yue
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Microbiome-X, National Institute of Health Data Science of China, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Central Laboratory, Weifang People’s Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical university, Weifang 261000, China
- Shandong Laibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan 250101, China
| | - Han Yu
- Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
- Jinan Children’s Hospital, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
- Jinan Children’s Hospital, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yongsheng Ge
- Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
- Jinan Children’s Hospital, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Meiling Huo
- Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
- Jinan Children’s Hospital, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
- Jinan Children’s Hospital, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Lehai Zhang
- Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
- Jinan Children’s Hospital, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Guoping Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Microbiome-X, National Institute of Health Data Science of China, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Bio-Med Big Data Center, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Zhongtao Gai
- Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
- Jinan Children’s Hospital, Jinan 250022, China
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Lyu W, Li DF, Li SY, Hu H, Zhou JY, Wang L. Gut microbiota modulation: a narrative review on a novel strategy for prevention and alleviation of ovarian aging. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38835159 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2361306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The global rise in life expectancy corresponds with a delay in childbearing age among women. Ovaries, seen as the chronometers of female physiological aging, demonstrate features of sped up aging, evidenced by the steady decline in both the quality and quantity of ovarian follicles from birth. The multifaceted pathogenesis of ovarian aging has kindled intensive research interest from the biomedical and pharmaceutical sectors. Novel studies underscore the integral roles of gut microbiota in follicular development, lipid metabolism, and hormonal regulation, forging a nexus with ovarian aging. In this review, we outline the role of gut microbiota in ovarian function (follicular development, oocyte maturation, and ovulation), compile and present gut microbiota alterations associated with age-related ovarian aging. We also discuss potential strategies for alleviating ovarian aging from the perspective of gut microbiota, such as fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lyu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - De-Feng Li
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shu-Ying Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-Yun Zhou
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Tzounakou AM, Stathori G, Paltoglou G, Valsamakis G, Mastorakos G, Vlahos NF, Charmandari E. Childhood Obesity, Hypothalamic Inflammation, and the Onset of Puberty: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1720. [PMID: 38892653 PMCID: PMC11175006 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The onset of puberty, which is under the control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, is influenced by various factors, including obesity, which has been associated with the earlier onset of puberty. Obesity-induced hypothalamic inflammation may cause premature activation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons, resulting in the development of precocious or early puberty. Mechanisms involving phoenixin action and hypothalamic microglial cells are implicated. Furthermore, obesity induces structural and cellular brain alterations, disrupting metabolic regulation. Imaging studies reveal neuroinflammatory changes in obese individuals, impacting pubertal timing. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy enables the assessment of the brain's neurochemical composition by measuring key metabolites, highlighting potential pathways involved in neurological changes associated with obesity. In this article, we present evidence indicating a potential association among obesity, hypothalamic inflammation, and precocious puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia-Maria Tzounakou
- Center for the Prevention and Management of Overweight and Obesity, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.-M.T.); (G.S.)
| | - Galateia Stathori
- Center for the Prevention and Management of Overweight and Obesity, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.-M.T.); (G.S.)
| | - George Paltoglou
- Diabetes Unit, Second Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘P. & A. Kyriakou’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Georgios Valsamakis
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aretaieion’ University Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (G.M.); (N.F.V.)
| | - George Mastorakos
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aretaieion’ University Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (G.M.); (N.F.V.)
| | - Nikolaos F. Vlahos
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aretaieion’ University Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (G.M.); (N.F.V.)
| | - Evangelia Charmandari
- Center for the Prevention and Management of Overweight and Obesity, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.-M.T.); (G.S.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Liu X, Chen X, Wang C, Song J, Xu J, Gao Z, Huang Y, Suo H. Mechanisms of probiotic modulation of ovarian sex hormone production and metabolism: a review. Food Funct 2024; 15:2860-2878. [PMID: 38433710 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04345b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Sex hormones play a pivotal role in the growth and development of the skeletal, neurological, and reproductive systems. In women, the dysregulation of sex hormones can result in various health complications such as acne, hirsutism, and irregular menstruation. One of the most prevalent diseases associated with excess androgens is polycystic ovary syndrome with a hyperandrogenic phenotype. Probiotics have shown the potential to enhance the secretion of ovarian sex hormones. However, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. Furthermore, comprehensive reviews detailing how probiotics modulate ovarian sex hormones are scarce. This review seeks to shed light on the potential mechanisms through which probiotics influence the production of ovarian sex hormones. The role of probiotics across various biological axes, including the gut-ovarian, gut-brain-ovarian, gut-liver-ovarian, gut-pancreas-ovarian, and gut-fat-ovarian axes, with a focus on the direct impact of probiotics on the ovaries via the gut and their effects on brain gonadotropins is discussed. It is also proposed herein that probiotics can significantly influence the onset, progression, and complications of ovarian sex hormone abnormalities. In addition, this review provides a theoretical basis for the therapeutic application of probiotics in managing sex hormone-related health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyong Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Song
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen Gao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Yechuan Huang
- College of Bioengineering, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen 448000, P. R. China.
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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Ying Y, Yu Z, Wu L. Causal association between mTOR-dependent circulating protein levels and central precocious puberty: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1360043. [PMID: 38516410 PMCID: PMC10954777 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1360043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway has a significant effect on central precocious puberty (CPP). However, the causality between mTOR-dependent circulating protein levels and CPP is still unclear. Our aim is to assess the effects of seven mTOR-dependent circulating protein levels on CPP using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods Instrumental variables (IVs) for mTOR-dependent circulating protein levels were retrieved from the proteomics-GWAS INTERVAL study and eQTLGen. The summary-level genetic datasets for CPP outcome were obtained from the FinnGen Consortium. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) was used as the primary method and the pleiotropy, heterogeneity and robustness of the analyses were detected as sensitivity analysis. Positive exposures in the discovery cohort would be revalidated in the validation cohort. Results This two-sample MR study revealed a causal association between eIF4G level in plasma and CPP in both discovery cohort (IVW: OR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.22-0.91, p = 0.026) and validation cohort (IVW: OR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.24-0.85, p = 0.014). Conclusions There was a causal association between eIF4G level in plasma and CPP. Whether eIF4G can be used for the prevention or treatment of CPP needs to be explored in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxiao Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Ze Yu
- Laboratory of Cytobiology & Molecular Biology, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Liping Wu
- Science and Education Section, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, China
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Yue M, Zhang L. Exploring the Mechanistic Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Precocious Puberty: A Narrative Review. Microorganisms 2024; 12:323. [PMID: 38399733 PMCID: PMC10892899 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been implicated in the context of sexual maturation during puberty, with discernible differences in its composition before and after this critical developmental stage. Notably, there has been a global rise in the prevalence of precocious puberty in recent years, particularly among girls, where approximately 90% of central precocious puberty cases lack a clearly identifiable cause. While a link between precocious puberty and the gut microbiota has been observed, the precise causality and underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This narrative review aims to systematically elucidate the potential mechanisms that underlie the intricate relationship between the gut microbiota and precocious puberty. Potential avenues of exploration include investigating the impact of the gut microbiota on endocrine function, particularly in the regulation of hormones, such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Additionally, this review will delve into the intricate interplay between the gut microbiome, metabolism, and obesity, considering the known association between obesity and precocious puberty. This review will also explore how the microbiome's involvement in nutrient metabolism could impact precocious puberty. Finally, attention is given to the microbiota's ability to produce neurotransmitters and neuroactive compounds, potentially influencing the central nervous system components involved in regulating puberty. By exploring these mechanisms, this narrative review seeks to identify unexplored targets and emerging directions in understanding the role of the gut microbiome in relation to precocious puberty. The ultimate goal is to provide valuable insights for the development of non-invasive diagnostic methods and innovative therapeutic strategies for precocious puberty in the future, such as specific probiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yue
- Microbiome-X, National Institute of Health Data Science of China & Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Microbiome-X, National Institute of Health Data Science of China & Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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Anderson GM, Hill JW, Kaiser UB, Navarro VM, Ong KK, Perry JRB, Prevot V, Tena-Sempere M, Elias CF. Metabolic control of puberty: 60 years in the footsteps of Kennedy and Mitra's seminal work. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:111-123. [PMID: 38049643 PMCID: PMC10843588 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00919-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
An individual's nutritional status has a powerful effect on sexual maturation. Puberty onset is delayed in response to chronic energy insufficiency and is advanced under energy abundance. The consequences of altered pubertal timing for human health are profound. Late puberty increases the chances of cardiometabolic, musculoskeletal and neurocognitive disorders, whereas early puberty is associated with increased risks of adult obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and various cancers, such as breast, endometrial and prostate cancer. Kennedy and Mitra's trailblazing studies, published in 1963 and using experimental models, were the first to demonstrate that nutrition is a key factor in puberty onset. Building on this work, the field has advanced substantially in the past decade, which is largely due to the impressive development of molecular tools for experimentation and population genetics. In this Review, we discuss the latest advances in basic and translational sciences underlying the nutritional and metabolic control of pubertal development, with a focus on perspectives and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg M Anderson
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer W Hill
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Ursula B Kaiser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victor M Navarro
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ken K Ong
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - John R B Perry
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vincent Prevot
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cordoba, Spain.
| | - Carol F Elias
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Caswell Diabetes Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Chen D. Commentary: Gut microbiota and its derived SCFAs regulate the HPGA to reverse obesity-induced precocious puberty in female rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1121124. [PMID: 36761186 PMCID: PMC9905803 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1121124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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