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Rocha LP, Machado ÍE, Fogal AS, Malta DC, Velasquez-Melendez G, Felisbino-Mendes MS. Burden of disease and direct costs to the health system attributable to high body mass index in Brazil. Public Health 2024; 233:121-129. [PMID: 38870844 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Excess weight, measured by a high body mass index (BMI), is associated with the onset of many diseases, which can, in turn, lead to disability and premature death, subsequently placing a significant burden on healthcare services. This study analysed the burden of disease and the direct costs to the Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde [SUS]) attributable to high BMI in the Brazilian population. STUDY DESIGN Ecological study. METHODS This ecological study had two components: (1) a time-series assessment to analyse the burden of diseases attributable to high BMI from 1990 to 2019 in Brazil; and (2) a cross-sectional design to estimate the direct costs of SUS hospitalisations and outpatient procedures attributable to high BMI in 2019. Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study and the costs of hospital admissions and outpatient procedures from the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System were used. Deaths, years of life lost to premature death (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost adjusted for disability (DALYs) were analysed. The direct health cost was obtained in Brazilian Real (R$) and converted in international Dollars (INT$). RESULTS The current study found a reduction in the number of DALYs, YLLs, and deaths per 100,000 population of cardiovascular disease (CVD) attributable to high BMI and an increase in YLD due to diabetes and cardiovascular disease attributable to high BMI from 1990 to 2019. In 2019, high BMI resulted in 2404 DALYs, 658 YLDs, 1746 YLLs, and 76 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. In the same year, INT$377.30 million was spent on hospitalisations and high- and medium-complexity procedures to control non-communicable diseases attributable to high BMI. The states in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil presented the highest total cost per 10,000 inhabitants. CVDs and chronic kidney disease showed the highest costs per hospital admission, whereas neoplasms and CVDs presented the highest costs for outpatient procedures. CONCLUSIONS High BMI causes significant disease burden and financial costs. The highest expenses observed were not in locations with the highest burden of disease attributable to high BMI. These findings highlight the need to improve current public policies and apply cost-effective intervention packages, focussing on equity and the promotion of healthier lifestyles to reduce overweight/obesity, especially in localities with low socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Rocha
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Í E Machado
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Department of Family Medicine, Mental and Collective Health, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A S Fogal
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Department of Family Medicine, Mental and Collective Health, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - D C Malta
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - G Velasquez-Melendez
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M S Felisbino-Mendes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Salinero AE, Abi-Ghanem C, Venkataganesh H, Sura A, Smith RM, Thrasher CA, Kelly RD, Hatcher KM, NyBlom V, Shamlian V, Kyaw NR, Belanger KM, Gannon OJ, Stephens SBZ, Zuloaga DG, Zuloaga KL. Treatment with brain specific estrogen prodrug ameliorates cognitive effects of surgical menopause in mice. Horm Behav 2024; 164:105594. [PMID: 38917776 PMCID: PMC11330726 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2024.105594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Menopause is an endocrine shift leading to increased vulnerability for cognitive impairment and dementia risk factors, in part due to loss of neuroprotective circulating estrogens. Systemic replacement of estrogen post-menopause has limitations, including risk for estrogen-sensitive cancers. A promising therapeutic approach therefore might be to deliver estrogen only to the brain. We examined whether we could enhance cognitive performance by delivering estrogen exclusively to the brain in ovariectomized mice (a surgical menopause model). We treated mice with the prodrug 10β,17β-dihydroxyestra-1,4-dien-3-one (DHED), which can be administered systemically but is converted to 17β-estradiol only in the brain. Young and middle-aged C57BL/6 J mice received ovariectomy and subcutaneous implant containing vehicle or DHED and underwent cognitive testing to assess memory after 1-3.5 months of treatment. Low and medium doses of DHED did not alter metabolic status in middle-aged mice. In both age groups, DHED treatment improved spatial memory in ovariectomized mice. Additional testing in middle-aged mice showed that DHED treatment improved working and recognition memory in ovariectomized mice. These results lay the foundation for future studies determining if this intervention is as efficacious in models of dementia with comorbid risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E Salinero
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Charly Abi-Ghanem
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Harini Venkataganesh
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Avi Sura
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Rachel M Smith
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Christina A Thrasher
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Richard D Kelly
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Katherine M Hatcher
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Vanessa NyBlom
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA; Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience Research, State University of New York at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave, Biology 325, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Victoria Shamlian
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Nyi-Rein Kyaw
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Kasey M Belanger
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Olivia J Gannon
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Shannon B Z Stephens
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Damian G Zuloaga
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience Research, State University of New York at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave, Biology 325, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Kristen L Zuloaga
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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3
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Krishnan V, Atanasova N, Aujla PK, Hupka D, Owen CA, Kassiri Z. Loss of ADAM15 in female mice does not worsen pressure overload cardiomyopathy, independent of ovarian hormones. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 327:H409-H416. [PMID: 38607341 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00116.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a common feature in several cardiomyopathies. We previously reported that loss of ADAM15 (disintegrin and metalloproteinase 15) worsened cardiac hypertrophy and dilated cardiomyopathy following cardiac pressure overload. Here, we investigated the impact of ADAM15 loss in female mice following cardiac pressure overload induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Female Adam15-/- mice developed the same degree of cardiac hypertrophy, dilation, and dysfunction as the parallel female wild-type (WT) mice at 6 wk post-TAC. To determine if this is due to the protective effects of estrogen, which could mask the negative impact of Adam15 loss, WT and Adam15-/- mice underwent ovariectomy (OVx) 2 wk before TAC. Cardiac structure and function analyses were performed at 6 wk post-TAC. OVx similarly impacted females of both genotypes post-TAC. Calcineurin (Cn) activity was increased post-OVx-TAC, and more in Adam15-/- mice; however, this increase was not reflected in the total-to-phospho-NFAT levels. Integrin-α7 expression, which was upstream of Cn activation in male Adam15-/- -TAC mice, remained unchanged in female mice. However, activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (ERK, JNK, P38) was greater in Adam15-/--OVx-TAC than in WT-OVx-TAC mice. In addition, ADAM15 protein levels were significantly increased post-TAC in male but not in female WT mice. Myocardial fibrosis was comparable in non-OVx WT-TAC and Adam15-/- -TAC mice. OVx increased the perivascular fibrosis more in Adam15-/- compared with WT mice post-TAC. Our data demonstrate that loss of ovarian hormones did not fully replicate the male phenotype in the female Adam15-/- mice post-TAC. As ADAM15 levels were increased in males but not in females post-TAC, it is plausible that ADAM15 does not play a prominent role in post-TAC events in female mice. Our findings highlight the significance of factors other than sex hormones in mediating cardiomyopathies in females, which require a more thorough understanding.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Loss of ADAM15 in female mice, unlike the male mice, does not worsen the cardiomyopathy following cardiac pressure overload. Ovariectomy does not worsen the post-TAC cardiomyopathy in female Adam15-/- mice compared with female WT mice. Lack of deleterious impact of Adam15 deficiency in female mice is not because of the protective effects of ovarian hormones but could be due to a less prominent role of ADAM15 in cardiac response to post-TAC remodeling in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhya Krishnan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nikki Atanasova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Preetinder K Aujla
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Devon Hupka
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Caroline A Owen
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Mitoiu BI, Nartea R, Miclaus RS. Impact of Resistance and Endurance Training on Ghrelin and Plasma Leptin Levels in Overweight and Obese Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8067. [PMID: 39125635 PMCID: PMC11311634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise training is a valuable tool for improving body weight and composition in overweight or obese adults, which leads to a negative energy balance. It is relevant to consider whether exercise can help people lose weight or prevent weight gain because any energy expended in exercise increases the severity of hunger and promotes food consumption. Over the past decade, the identification of the circulating peptide ghrelin, which alerts the brain to the body's nutritional state, has significantly expanded our understanding of this homeostatic mechanism that controls appetite and body weight. To shed more light on this issue, we decided to investigate the effects of resistance and endurance training on plasma ghrelin and leptin levels. In addition, we sought to understand the mechanisms by which acute and chronic exercise can regulate hunger. This review analyzes studies published in the last fifteen years that focused on changes suffered by ghrelin, leptin, or both after physical exercise in overweight or obese individuals. Most studies have shown a decrease in leptin levels and an increase in ghrelin levels in these cases. Exercise regimens that support weight maintenance need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brindusa Ilinca Mitoiu
- Clinical Department 9, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu Clinical Emergency Hospital, 077016 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Nartea
- Clinical Department 9, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Institute for Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Balneoclimatology, 030079 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Steliana Miclaus
- Department of Fundamental, Preventive, and Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania;
- Neurorehabilitation Department, Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry and Neurology, 500036 Brasov, Romania
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5
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Tucker JAL, McCarthy SF, Bornath DPD, Khoja JS, Hazell TJ. The Effect of the Menstrual Cycle on Energy Intake: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae093. [PMID: 39008822 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Energy intake may differ across the menstrual cycle, with some studies identifying greater energy intake in the luteal phase (LP) compared with the follicular phase (FP) and others finding no clear differences. To date, no study has systematically synthesized the available data to draw more definite conclusions while considering any methodological inconsistencies between studies. OBJECTIVE The aim was to conduct a systematic review/meta-analysis in an effort to determine if there are differences in energy intake between the FP and LP. DATA SOURCES A systematic search strategy was developed and the search was conducted in 5 databases for studies that investigated any changes in energy intake across menstrual phases. DATA EXTRACTION Using Covidence, studies were identified and included if they contained individuals between the ages of 18 and 45 years, maintained an average body mass index (BMI) of 18.5-25 kg/m2, had no history of disordered eating, and included energy intake and menstrual cycle measurements in the FP and LP. DATA ANALYSIS Effect sizes were calculated for each study and a random-effects model was used to pool the results of each study. RESULTS Fifteen datasets were included consisting of 330 female participants with a mean age of 26 ± 4 years and mean BMI of 22.4 ± 2.3 kg/m2. Overall, there was a statistically significant difference (standardized mean difference = 0.69; P = .039) with increased energy intake in the LP compared with the FP (crude 168 kcal⋅d-1 average difference between phases). CONCLUSION Energy intake was found to be greater in the LP compared with the FP, providing insight into the effect of the menstrual cycle on energy intake. However, there were repeated methodological inconsistencies and future work should strive to utilize best practices for both energy intake measurement and menstrual phase specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A L Tucker
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Seth F McCarthy
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Derek P D Bornath
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Jenna S Khoja
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Tom J Hazell
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
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Kuikman MA, McKay AKA, Minahan C, Harris R, Elliott-Sale KJ, Stellingwerff T, Smith ES, McCormick R, Tee N, Skinner J, Ackerman KE, Burke LM. Effect of Menstrual Cycle Phase and Hormonal Contraceptives on Resting Metabolic Rate and Body Composition. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2024; 34:207-217. [PMID: 38653456 DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2023-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The cyclical changes in sex hormones across the menstrual cycle (MC) are associated with various biological changes that may alter resting metabolic rate (RMR) and body composition estimates. Hormonal contraceptive (HC) use must also be considered given their impact on endogenous sex hormone concentrations and synchronous exogenous profiles. The purpose of this study was to determine if RMR and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition estimates change across the MC and differ compared with HC users. This was accomplished during a 5-week training camp involving naturally cycling athletes (n = 11) and HC users (n = 7 subdermal progestin implant, n = 4 combined monophasic oral contraceptive pill, n = 1 injection) from the National Rugby League Indigenous Women's Academy. MC phase was retrospectively confirmed via serum estradiol and progesterone concentrations and a positive ovulation test. HC users had serum estradiol and progesterone concentrations assessed at the time point of testing. Results were analyzed using general linear mixed model. There was no effect of MC phase on absolute RMR (p = .877), relative RMR (p = .957), or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition estimates (p > .05). There was no effect of HC use on absolute RMR (p = .069), relative RMR (p = .679), or fat mass estimates (p = .766), but HC users had a greater fat-free mass and lean body mass than naturally cycling athletes (p = .028). Our findings suggest that RMR and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition estimates do not significantly differ due to changes in sex hormones in a group of athletes, and measurements can be compared between MC phases or with HC usage without variations in sex hormones causing additional noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Kuikman
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alannah K A McKay
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Clare Minahan
- Griffith Sports Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Female Performance and Health Initiative, Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Rachel Harris
- Female Performance and Health Initiative, Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Perth Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Research Institute, West Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kirsty J Elliott-Sale
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Trent Stellingwerff
- Canadian Sport Institute-Pacific, Pacific Institute for Sport Excellence, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Ella S Smith
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel McCormick
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicolin Tee
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Kathryn E Ackerman
- Female Athlete Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Louise M Burke
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Niu X, Wang J, Liu J, Yu Q, Ci M. 17β-Estradiol promotes metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer through the Calpain/YAP/β-catenin signaling axis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298184. [PMID: 38547301 PMCID: PMC10977805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
β-catenin is an important regulator of malignant progression. 17β-Estradiol (E2), an important sex hormone in women, promotes the growth and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, whether β-catenin is involved in E2-induced metastasis of TNBC remains unknown. In this study, we show that E2 induces the proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis of TNBC cells. E2 induces β-catenin protein expression and nuclear translocation, thereby regulating the expression of target genes such as Cyclin D1 and MMP-9. The inhibition of β-catenin reversed the E2-induced cell malignant behaviors. Additionally, E2 activated Calpain by increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels and reducing calpastatin levels. When Calpain was inhibited, E2 did not induce the proliferation, migration, invasion, or metastasis of TNBC cells. In addition, E2 promoted translocation of YAP into the nucleus by inhibiting its phosphorylation. Calpain inhibition reversed the E2-induced YAP dephosphorylation. Inhibition of YAP transcriptional activity reversed the effects of E2 on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and β-catenin of TNBC cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated that E2 induced metastasis-related behaviors in TNBC cells and this effect was mediated through the Calpain/YAP/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Niu
- Department of oncology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- Department of oncology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Jinguang Liu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine & Advanced Preparations, Yantai Institute of Materia Medica, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Qinglong Yu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine & Advanced Preparations, Yantai Institute of Materia Medica, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Mingwei Ci
- Department of oncology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, China
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Weidlinger S, Stute P. Menopausal hormone therapy: A review of metabolic and thermogenic effects. Maturitas 2024:107966. [PMID: 38494364 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.107966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Weidlinger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Petra Stute
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Zhang J, Gu W, Zhai S, Liu Y, Yang C, Xiao L, Chen D. Phthalate metabolites and sex steroid hormones in relation to obesity in US adults: NHANES 2013-2016. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1340664. [PMID: 38524635 PMCID: PMC10957739 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1340664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity and metabolic syndrome pose significant health challenges in the United States (US), with connections to disruptions in sex hormone regulation. The increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome might be associated with exposure to phthalates (PAEs). Further exploration of the impact of PAEs on obesity is crucial, particularly from a sex hormone perspective. Methods A total of 7780 adult participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2013 to 2016 were included in the study. Principal component analysis (PCA) coupled with multinomial logistic regression was employed to elucidate the association between urinary PAEs metabolite concentrations and the likelihood of obesity. Weighted quartiles sum (WQS) regression was utilized to consolidate the impact of mixed PAEs exposure on sex hormone levels (total testosterone (TT), estradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)). We also delved into machine learning models to accurately discern obesity status and identify the key variables contributing most to these models. Results Principal Component 1 (PC1), characterized by mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) as major contributors, exhibited a negative association with obesity. Conversely, PC2, with monocarboxyononyl phthalate (MCNP), monocarboxyoctyl phthalate (MCOP), and mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) as major contributors, showed a positive association with obesity. Mixed exposure to PAEs was associated with decreased TT levels and increased estradiol and SHBG. During the exploration of the interrelations among obesity, sex hormones, and PAEs, models based on Random Forest (RF) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithms demonstrated the best classification efficacy. In both models, sex hormones exhibited the highest variable importance, and certain phthalate metabolites made significant contributions to the model's performance. Conclusions Individuals with obesity exhibit lower levels of TT and SHBG, accompanied by elevated estradiol levels. Exposure to PAEs disrupts sex hormone levels, contributing to an increased risk of obesity in US adults. In the exploration of the interrelationships among these three factors, the RF and XGBoost algorithm models demonstrated superior performance, with sex hormones displaying higher variable importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiechang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Gu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shilei Zhai
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yumeng Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengcheng Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Lishun Xiao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ding Chen
- School of Medical Information and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Karaflou M, Goulis DG. Body composition analysis: A snapshot across the perimenopause. Maturitas 2024; 180:107898. [PMID: 38086169 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.107898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
During the perimenopause, estrogen concentrations gradually decrease, and this is associated with changes to women's energy expenditure and intake. These changes result in weight gain and altered body fat distribution, with increased abdominal fat deposition and cardiometabolic risk via insulin resistance. Body composition analysis is a useful clinical tool in outpatient settings, as it is simple, not expensive and provides information on body mass index, skeletal mass, fat mass, fat percentage and basal metabolic rate. This review discusses body composition analysis as part of a health assessment for healthy women during the perimenopause and investigates the associations between body composition and cardiometabolic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Karaflou
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism private practice, Faros, Neo Psychiko, GR-15451 Athens, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-56429, Greece
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Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus 2023; 15:e49146. [PMID: 38130524 PMCID: PMC10733621 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Women are considered to have an irregular menstrual cycle if their cycle length is less than 21 days or more than 35 days, accompanied by less or very severe blood flow. The prevalence of menstrual cycle irregularities varies across countries. Irregular periods can occur due to changes in the body's levels of estrogen and progesterone hormones, which disrupt the normal pattern of the period. Menstrual irregularity has been found to be associated with various diseases and medical conditions, such as metabolic syndrome, coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis. Anemia, osteoporosis, psychological problems, impaired quality of life, and infertility have also been recorded. Moreover, a significant correlation between irregular periods and the risk of developing pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders, as well as an increased risk of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes, has been proven. Therefore, irregular menstruation is considered an important health indicator among women. Physical, mental, social, psychological, and reproductive problems are often associated with menstrual irregularities. Thus, evaluating the factors associated with irregular menstruation is necessary to determine appropriate preventive and treatment strategies and to decrease the associated health problems. The aim of this review was to define normal and irregular menstruation, their types, and prevalence, to recognize the risk factors and causes of irregular menstruation, and to understand their impact on women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghalia M Attia
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EGY
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Ailizire A, Wang X, Ma Y, Yan X, Li S, Wu Z, Du W. How hypoxia affects microbiota metabolism in mice. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1244519. [PMID: 37840721 PMCID: PMC10569469 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1244519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the relationship between gut microbiota and the fecal metabolites of hypoxic environments in mice. Methods High-fat diet-induced obese mice (n = 20) and normal diet-fed mice (n = 20) were randomly divided into four groups: high altitude obese group (HOB), high altitude normal weight group (HN), low altitude obese group LOB (LOB), and low altitude normal weight group (LN). Fecal samples from each group were 16S rRNA gene sequenced, and five samples from each of the four groups above were selected for non-targeted fecal metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The relationship between gut microbiota and fecal metabolites was analyzed using SIMCA 14.1, MetaboAnalyst 5.0 and R 4.1.11. Results (A) Body weight was significantly lower in the hypoxic obesity group than in the normoxic obesity group. (B) Differences in α-diversity and β-diversity were found in the fecal gut microbiota of mice of different body weights and altitude, and the diversity of gut microbiota was higher in the normal group than in the obese group; the results of the comparison between the two groups showed that Faecalibaculum, Romboutsia, Lactobacillus, and A2 were associated with obesity; Romboutsia was associated with hypoxia. (C) The metabolic profiles of fecal metabolites differed between groups: gut microbiota were associated with nucleotide and amino acid metabolism in the same body groups, while gut microbiota were associated with lipid and amino acid metabolism in the same oxygen concentration groups. Conclusion (a) Gut microbiota diversity was reduced in obese groups. Romboutsia was the dominant microbiota in the hypoxia group. (b) Gut microbiota were associated with nucleotide and amino acid metabolism in the same body weight groups, while they were associated with lipid and amino acid metabolism in the same altitude groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainiwaer Ailizire
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Proctology, Qinghai Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
- Key Laboratory for Application of High Altitude Medicine in Qinghai Province, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Wenqi Du
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, China
- Key Laboratory for Application of High Altitude Medicine in Qinghai Province, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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Salinero AE, Abi-Ghanem C, Venkataganesh H, Sura A, Smith RM, Thrasher CA, Kelly RD, Hatcher KM, NyBlom V, Shamlian V, Kyaw NR, Belanger KM, Gannon OJ, Stephens SB, Zuloaga DG, Zuloaga KL. Brain Specific Estrogen Ameliorates Cognitive Effects of Surgical Menopause in Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.09.552687. [PMID: 37609180 PMCID: PMC10441397 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.09.552687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Menopause is a major endocrinological shift that leads to an increased vulnerability to the risk factors for cognitive impairment and dementia. This is thought to be due to the loss of circulating estrogens, which exert many potent neuroprotective effects in the brain. Systemic replacement of estrogen post-menopause has many limitations, including increased risk for estrogen-sensitive cancers. A more promising therapeutic approach therefore might be to deliver estrogen only to the brain thus limiting adverse peripheral side effects. We examined whether we could enhance cognitive performance by delivering estrogen exclusively to the brain in post-menopausal mice. We modeled surgical menopause via bilateral ovariectomy (OVX). We treated mice with the pro-drug 10β,17β-dihydroxyestra-1,4-dien-3-one (DHED), which can be administered systemically but is converted to 17β-estradiol only in the brain. Young (2.5-month) and middle-aged (11-month-old) female C57BL/6J mice received ovariectomy and a subcutaneous implant containing vehicle (cholesterol) or DHED. At 3.5 months old (young group) and 14.5 months old (middle-aged group), mice underwent behavior testing to assess memory. DHED did not significantly alter metabolic status in middle-aged, post-menopausal mice. In both young and middle-aged mice, the brain-specific estrogen DHED improved spatial memory. Additional testing in middle-aged mice also showed that DHED improved working and recognition memory. These promising results lay the foundation for future studies aimed at determining if this intervention is as efficacious in models of dementia that have comorbid risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E. Salinero
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Charly Abi-Ghanem
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Harini Venkataganesh
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Avi Sura
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Rachel M. Smith
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Christina A. Thrasher
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Richard D. Kelly
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Katherine M. Hatcher
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Vanessa NyBlom
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience Research, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Victoria Shamlian
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Nyi-Rein Kyaw
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Kasey M. Belanger
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Olivia J. Gannon
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Shannon B.Z. Stephens
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Damian G. Zuloaga
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience Research, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Kristen L. Zuloaga
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
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14
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Hsu LW, Chien YW. Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Lipid Metabolism and Body Fat Accumulation in Ovariectomized Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:2800. [PMID: 37375706 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal obesity is a rising problem. Melatonin (Mel) is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland that regulates the circadian rhythms and improves obesity. In this experiment, ovariectomized (OVX) rats were used as a menopause model to explore the effects of Mel supplementation on lipid metabolism, body fat accumulation, and obesity. Nine-week-old female rats underwent an OVX surgery and were assigned to the following groups: control group (C), low-dose group (L, 10 mg/kg body weight (BW) Mel), medium-dose group (M, 20 mg/kg BW Mel), and high-dose group (H, 50 mg/kg BW Mel), administered by gavage for 8 weeks. The results showed that the OVX rats supplemented with low, medium, and high doses of Mel for 8 weeks exhibited reduced BW gain, perirenal fat mass, and gonads fat mass, and an increased serum irisin level. Low and high doses of Mel induced brite/beige adipocytes in the white adipose tissues. In addition, the messenger RNA levels of the fatty acid synthesis enzymes were significantly reduced after the high-dose Mel supplementation. Thus, Mel can reduce the hepatic fatty acid synthesis and promote the browning of white adipose tissues through irisin; thereby, improving obesity and body fat accumulation in OVX rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Wen Hsu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chien
- Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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15
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Isola JVV, Ko S, Ocañas SR, Stout MB. Role of Estrogen Receptor α in Aging and Chronic Disease. ADVANCES IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE AND RESEARCH 2023; 5:e230005. [PMID: 37425648 PMCID: PMC10327608 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20230005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) plays a crucial role in reproductive function in both sexes. It also mediates cellular responses to estrogens in multiple nonreproductive organ systems, many of which regulate systemic metabolic homeostasis and inflammatory processes in mammals. The loss of estrogens and/or ERα agonism during aging is associated with the emergence of several comorbid conditions, particularly in females undergoing the menopausal transition. Emerging data also suggests that male mammals likely benefit from ERα agonism if done in a way that circumvents feminizing characteristics. This has led us, and others, to speculate that tissue-specific ERα agonism may hold therapeutic potential for curtailing aging and chronic disease burden in males and females that are at high-risk of cancer and/or cardiovascular events with traditional estrogen replacement therapies. In this mini-review, we emphasize the role of ERα in the brain and liver, summarizing recent evidence that indicates these two organs systems mediate the beneficial effects of estrogens on metabolism and inflammation during aging. We also discuss how 17α-estradiol administration elicits health benefits in an ERα-dependent manner, which provides proof-of-concept that ERα may be a druggable target for attenuating aging and age-related disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- José V. V. Isola
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Sunghwan Ko
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Sarah R. Ocañas
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Michael B. Stout
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Taylor V. Still searching for the female norm: a GLUT of knowledge remains to be revealed. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:799-801. [PMID: 37130067 PMCID: PMC10988489 DOI: 10.1113/ep091204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Taylor
- School of Life, Health & Chemical Sciences (LHCS)The Open University, Walton HallMilton KeynesBuckinghamshireUK
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Rajcsanyi LS, Hoffmann A, Ghosh A, Matrisch-Dinkler B, Zheng Y, Peters T, Sun W, Dong H, Noé F, Wolfrum C, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Seitz J, de Zwaan M, Herzog W, Ehrlich S, Zipfel S, Giel K, Egberts K, Burghardt R, Föcker M, Tsai LT, Müller TD, Blüher M, Hebebrand J, Hirtz R, Hinney A. Genetic variants in genes involved in creatine biosynthesis in patients with severe obesity or anorexia nervosa. Front Genet 2023; 14:1128133. [PMID: 37101650 PMCID: PMC10123275 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1128133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue might have an obesity-reducing effect in humans. In transgenic mice, depletion of genes involved in creatine metabolism results in disrupted thermogenic capacity and altered effects of high-fat feeding on body weight. Data analyses of a sex-stratified genome-wide association study (GWAS) for body mass index (BMI) within the genomic regions of genes of this pathway (CKB, CKMT1B, and GATM) revealed one sex-dimorphic BMI-associated SNP in CKB (rs1136165). The effect size was larger in females than in males. A mutation screen of the coding regions of these three candidate genes in a screening group (192 children and adolescents with severe obesity, 192 female patients with anorexia nervosa, and 192 healthy-lean controls) identified five variants in each, CKB and GATM, and nine variants in the coding sequence of CKMT1B. Non-synonymous variants identified in CKB and CKMT1B were genotyped in an independent confirmation study group (781 families with severe obesity (trios), 320 children and adolescents with severe obesity, and 253 healthy-lean controls). In silico tools predicted mainly benign yet protein-destabilizing potentials. A transmission disequilibrium test in trios with severe obesity indicated an obesity-protective effect of the infrequent allele at rs149544188 located in CKMT1B. Subsequent correlation analyses in 1,479 individuals of the Leipzig Obesity BioBank revealed distinct correlations of CKB with the other two genes in omental visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). Furthermore, between-subject comparisons of gene expression levels showed generally higher expressions of all three genes of interest in VAT than in SAT. Future in vitro analyses are needed to assess the functional implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa S. Rajcsanyi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anne Hoffmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Adhideb Ghosh
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Birgit Matrisch-Dinkler
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yiran Zheng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Triinu Peters
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Hua Dong
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Falko Noé
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jochen Seitz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martina de Zwaan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herzog
- Department of Internal Medicine II, General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center of Excellence in Eating Disorders KOMET, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Giel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center of Excellence in Eating Disorders KOMET, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Egberts
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roland Burghardt
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, Oberberg Fachklinik Fasanenkiez Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuel Föcker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Linus T. Tsai
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Timo D. Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Raphael Hirtz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rare Diseases, and CeSER, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Clinic for Pediatrics II, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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