1
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Ebani VV. Staphylococci, Reptiles, Amphibians, and Humans: What Are Their Relations? Pathogens 2024; 13:607. [PMID: 39057833 PMCID: PMC11279482 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13070607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Reptiles and amphibians are largely present in many environments, including domestic areas when they are kept as pet animals. They often harbor zoonotic pathogens, which can pose a serious risk of infection for humans, mainly immunocompromised individuals, the elderly, children, and pregnant women. Several studies have been carried out to verify the role of cold-blooded animals in the epidemiology of some bacteria, mainly Salmonella, whereas scarce attention has been focused on these animals as a source of staphylococci. These bacteria are often antimicrobial-resistant and they act as opportunistic pathogens, which can cause relevant infections in humans and animals, both domestic and wild. Asymptomatic reptiles and amphibians often harbor staphylococcal strains, such as Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp.; however, these bacteria have been associated with clinical conditions that usually appear in animals under stress conditions. In all cases, greater attention should also be focused on staphylococci in cold-blooded animals due to their implications in human and veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Virginia Ebani
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
- Centre for Climate Change Impact, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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2
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Pili AN, Leroy B, Measey JG, Farquhar JE, Toomes A, Cassey P, Chekunov S, Grenié M, van Winkel D, Maria L, Diesmos MLL, Diesmos AC, Zurell D, Courchamp F, Chapple DG. Forecasting potential invaders to prevent future biological invasions worldwide. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17399. [PMID: 39007251 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The ever-increasing and expanding globalisation of trade and transport underpins the escalating global problem of biological invasions. Developing biosecurity infrastructures is crucial to anticipate and prevent the transport and introduction of invasive alien species. Still, robust and defensible forecasts of potential invaders are rare, especially for species without known invasion history. Here, we aim to support decision-making by developing a quantitative invasion risk assessment tool based on invasion syndromes (i.e., generalising typical attributes of invasive alien species). We implemented a workflow based on 'Multiple Imputation with Chain Equation' to estimate invasion syndromes from imputed datasets of species' life-history and ecological traits and macroecological patterns. Importantly, our models disentangle the factors explaining (i) transport and introduction and (ii) establishment. We showcase our tool by modelling the invasion syndromes of 466 amphibians and reptile species with invasion history. Then, we project these models to amphibians and reptiles worldwide (16,236 species [c.76% global coverage]) to identify species with a risk of being unintentionally transported and introduced, and risk of establishing alien populations. Our invasion syndrome models showed high predictive accuracy with a good balance between specificity and generality. Unintentionally transported and introduced species tend to be common and thrive well in human-disturbed habitats. In contrast, those with established alien populations tend to be large-sized, are habitat generalists, thrive well in human-disturbed habitats, and have large native geographic ranges. We forecast that 160 amphibians and reptiles without known invasion history could be unintentionally transported and introduced in the future. Among them, 57 species have a high risk of establishing alien populations. Our reliable, reproducible, transferable, statistically robust and scientifically defensible quantitative invasion risk assessment tool is a significant new addition to the suite of decision-support tools needed for developing a future-proof preventative biosecurity globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman N Pili
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Boris Leroy
- Unité 8067 Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Université, Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, IRD, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - John G Measey
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- UMR7179 MECADEV CNRS/MNHN, Département Adaptations du Vivant, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Bâtiment d'Anatomie Comparée, Paris, France
| | - Jules E Farquhar
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam Toomes
- Invasion Science and Wildlife Ecology Group, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Phillip Cassey
- Invasion Science and Wildlife Ecology Group, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sebastian Chekunov
- Invasion Science and Wildlife Ecology Group, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Matthias Grenié
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Dylan van Winkel
- Bioresearches (Babbage Consultants Limited), Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lisa Maria
- Biosecurity New Zealand-Tiakitanga Pūtaiao Aotearoa, Ministry for Primary Industries-Manatū Ahu Matua, Upper Hutt, New Zealand
| | - Mae Lowe L Diesmos
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
- Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Damaris Zurell
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Franck Courchamp
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Gif Sur Yvette, France
| | - David G Chapple
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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3
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Cavasos K, Poudyal NC, Brunner JL, Warwick AR, Jones J, Moherman N, George M, Willard JD, Brinks ZT, Gray MJ. Attitudes and Behavioral Intentions of Pet Amphibian Owners About Biosecurity Practices. ECOHEALTH 2023; 20:194-207. [PMID: 37486511 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-023-01645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Global trade has been linked with the emergence of novel pathogens and declines in amphibian populations worldwide. The potential for pathogen transmission within and between collections of captive amphibians and spillover to wild populations makes it important to understand the motivations, knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of pet amphibian owners. We surveyed US pet amphibian owners to understand their characteristics and evaluated whether and how they were associated with behavioral intentions to adopt biosecurity practices. We found that the majority of pet amphibian owners are aware of the threat of emerging pathogens, concerned about potential spillover of pathogens from captive to wild populations and willing to adopt biosecurity practices to mitigate pathogen threats. Intentions to adopt such practices were driven more by psychosocial constructs such as attitudes, perceptions and beliefs than demographic characteristics. Pet amphibian owners also expressed a strong interest in acquiring, and willingness to pay a price premium for, certified disease-free animals. These findings advance our understanding of the characteristics, motivations and behaviors of pet owners, a key stakeholder in global amphibian trade, which could help to inform new policies and outreach strategies to engage them in mitigating pathogen threats. Moreover, our results imply the economic viability of a market-based program to promote pathogen-free, sustainable trade of amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Cavasos
- School of Natural Resources, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Neelam C Poudyal
- School of Natural Resources, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - Jesse L Brunner
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Alexa R Warwick
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Joshua Jones
- Pet Advocacy Network, Alexandria, VA, 22314, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Matthew J Gray
- School of Natural Resources, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
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4
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Abstract
Biological invasions by amphibian and reptile species (i.e. herpetofauna) are numerous and widespread, having caused severe impacts on ecosystems, the economy and human health. However, there remains no synthesised assessment of the economic costs of these invasions. Therefore, using the most comprehensive database on the economic costs of invasive alien species worldwide (InvaCost), we analyse the costs caused by invasive alien herpetofauna according to taxonomic, geographic, sectoral and temporal dimensions, as well as the types of these costs. The cost of invasive herpetofauna totaled at 17.0 billion US$ between 1986 and 2020, divided split into 6.3 billion US$ for amphibians, 10.4 billion US$ for reptiles and 334 million US$ for mixed classes. However, these costs were associated predominantly with only two species (brown tree snake Boiga irregularis and American bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus), with 10.3 and 6.0 billion US$ in costs, respectively. Costs for the remaining 19 reported species were relatively minor (< 0.6 billion US$), and they were entirely unavailable for over 94% of known invasive herpetofauna worldwide. Also, costs were positively correlated with research effort, suggesting research biases towards well-known taxa. So far, costs have been dominated by predictions and extrapolations (79%), and thus empirical observations for impact were relatively scarce. The activity sector most affected by amphibians was authorities-stakeholders through management (> 99%), while for reptiles, impacts were reported mostly through damages to mixed sectors (65%). Geographically, Oceania and Pacific Islands recorded 63% of total costs, followed by Europe (35%) and North America (2%). Cost reports have generally increased over time but peaked between 2011 and 2015 for amphibians and 2006 to 2010 for reptiles. A greater effort in studying the costs of invasive herpetofauna is necessary for a more complete understanding of invasion impacts of these species. We emphasise the need for greater control and prevention policies concerning the spread of current and future invasive herpetofauna.
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5
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Toomes A, García‐Díaz P, Stringham OC, Ross JV, Mitchell L, Cassey P. Drivers of the Australian native pet trade: the role of species traits, socioeconomic attributes and regulatory systems. J Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Toomes
- Invasion Science and Wildlife Ecology Group The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Pablo García‐Díaz
- School of Biological Sciences, Zoology Building University of Aberdeen Aberdeen UK
| | - Oliver C. Stringham
- Invasion Science and Wildlife Ecology Group The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
- School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Joshua V. Ross
- School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Lewis Mitchell
- School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Phillip Cassey
- Invasion Science and Wildlife Ecology Group The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
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6
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Lambert H, Elwin A, D’Cruze N. Frog in the well: A review of the scientific literature for evidence of amphibian sentience. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2022.105559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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7
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Hughes AC, Marshall BM, Strine C. Gaps in global wildlife trade monitoring leave amphibians vulnerable. eLife 2021; 10:70086. [PMID: 34382939 PMCID: PMC8425949 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As the biodiversity crisis continues, we must redouble efforts to understand and curb pressures pushing species closer to extinction. One major driver is the unsustainable trade of wildlife. Trade in internationally regulated species gains the most research attention, but this only accounts for a minority of traded species and we risk failing to appreciate the scale and impacts of unregulated legal trade. Despite being legal, trade puts pressure on wild species via direct collection, introduced pathogens, and invasive species. Smaller species-rich vertebrates, such as reptiles, fish, and amphibians, may be particularly vulnerable to trading because of gaps in regulations, small distributions, and demand of novel species. Here, we combine data from five sources: online web searches in six languages, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) trade database, Law Enforcement Management Information System (LEMIS) trade inventory, IUCN assessments, and a recent literature review, to characterise the global trade in amphibians, and also map use by purpose including meat, pets, medicinal, and for research. We show that 1215 species are being traded (17% of amphibian species), almost three times previous recorded numbers, 345 are threatened, and 100 Data Deficient or unassessed. Traded species origin hotspots include South America, China, and Central Africa; sources indicate 42% of amphibians are taken from the wild. Newly described species can be rapidly traded (mean time lag of 6.5 years), including threatened and unassessed species. The scale and limited regulation of the amphibian trade, paired with the triptych of connected pressures (collection, pathogens, invasive species), warrants a re-examination of the wildlife trade status quo, application of the precautionary principle in regard to wildlife trade, and a renewed push to achieve global biodiversity goals. In the last few decades, exotic pets have become much more common. In the UK in 2008, reptiles and amphibians were more popular than dogs, with over eight million in captivity. But while almost all pet cats and dogs are born and bred in captivity, exotic pets are often taken from the wild, putting species and their habitats at risk. An international trade agreement called the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) strives to prevent unsustainable animal trade. But to get CITES protection, species depend on data showing that wildlife trade threatens their survival. In addition, their range countries need to first propose them to be listed. For most wild animal species, there are no data on population size or population decline. In the case of amphibians, CITES regulates the trade of just 2.5% of species. This leaves the rest with no protection from overarching international trade regulations. To protect these animals, researchers need to find out which species are in trade, where they are coming from, and how many are already threatened. To address this, Hughes, Marshall and Strine combined data from five sources, including official CITES trade records, recent research and an online search for amphibian sales in six languages. The data showed evidence of trade in at least 1,215 amphibian species, representing 17% of all amphibians. The figure is three times higher than previous estimates. Of the species in trade, more than one in five is vulnerable to extinction, endangered, or critically endangered. For a further 100 of the traded species, data on population were unavailable. Moreover, analysis of the origins of traded individuals showed that around 42% came from the wild. Tropical parts of the world had the highest number of species in trade, but the data showed exchanges happening across the globe. Unsustainable wildlife trade can have devastating consequences for wild animals. It has already driven at least 21 reptile species to extinction, and data of amphibian species are unknown. To prevent further species going extinct, legal wildlife trade should follow the precautionary principle when it comes to wildlife trade. Rather than allowing people to trade a species until CITES regulates it, a blanket ban should come into force for species that have not been assessed or are threatened. Trade would be able to resume for a species only when assessments show that it would not cause major population decline, or secure, captive breeding facilities can be guaranteed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice C Hughes
- Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, China
| | - Benjamin Michael Marshall
- Institute of Science, School of Biology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Colin Strine
- School of Biology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
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8
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Correia RA, Ladle R, Jarić I, Malhado ACM, Mittermeier JC, Roll U, Soriano-Redondo A, Veríssimo D, Fink C, Hausmann A, Guedes-Santos J, Vardi R, Di Minin E. Digital data sources and methods for conservation culturomics. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2021; 35:398-411. [PMID: 33749027 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ongoing loss of biological diversity is primarily the result of unsustainable human behavior. Thus, the long-term success of biodiversity conservation depends on a thorough understanding of human-nature interactions. Such interactions are ubiquitous but vary greatly in time and space and are difficult to monitor efficiently at large spatial scales. However, the Information Age also provides new opportunities to better understand human-nature interactions because many aspects of daily life are recorded in a variety of digital formats. The emerging field of conservation culturomics aims to take advantage of digital data sources and methods to study human-nature interactions and thus to provide new tools for studying conservation at relevant temporal and spatial scales. Nevertheless, technical challenges associated with the identification, access, and analysis of relevant data hamper the wider adoption of culturomics methods. To help overcome these barriers, we propose a conservation culturomics research framework that addresses data acquisition, analysis, and inherent biases. The main sources of culturomic data include web pages, social media, and other digital platforms from which metrics of content and engagement can be obtained. Obtaining raw data from these platforms is usually desirable but requires careful consideration of how to access, store, and prepare the data for analysis. Methods for data analysis include network approaches to explore connections between topics, time-series analysis for temporal data, and spatial modeling to highlight spatial patterns. Outstanding challenges associated with culturomics research include issues of interdisciplinarity, ethics, data biases, and validation. The practical guidance we offer will help conservation researchers and practitioners identify and obtain the necessary data and carry out appropriate analyses for their specific questions, thus facilitating the wider adoption of culturomics approaches for conservation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A Correia
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, Helsinki Lab of Interdisciplinary Conservation Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3910-193, Portugal
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Richard Ladle
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, 57072-900, Brazil
- CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4485-661, Portugal
| | - Ivan Jarić
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Ana C M Malhado
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, 57072-900, Brazil
| | - John C Mittermeier
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QY, U.K
| | - Uri Roll
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Andrea Soriano-Redondo
- CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4485-661, Portugal
- CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1349-017, Portugal
| | - Diogo Veríssimo
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, U.K
- Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3BD, U.K
- San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research, Escondido, CA, 92027, U.S.A
| | - Christoph Fink
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, Helsinki Lab of Interdisciplinary Conservation Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Anna Hausmann
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, Helsinki Lab of Interdisciplinary Conservation Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Jhonatan Guedes-Santos
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Reut Vardi
- The Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-GurionDurban, 8499000, Israel
| | - Enrico Di Minin
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, Helsinki Lab of Interdisciplinary Conservation Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
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9
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Jarić I, Bellard C, Correia RA, Courchamp F, Douda K, Essl F, Jeschke JM, Kalinkat G, Kalous L, Lennox RJ, Novoa A, Proulx R, Pyšek P, Soriano-Redondo A, Souza AT, Vardi R, Veríssimo D, Roll U. Invasion Culturomics and iEcology. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2021; 35:447-451. [PMID: 33749056 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Jarić
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 702/7, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovska 1645/31a, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Céline Bellard
- CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, 91405, France
| | - Ricardo A Correia
- Helsinki Lab of Interdisciplinary Conservation Science (HELICS), Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 3, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió, AL, 57072-90, Brazil
| | - Franck Courchamp
- CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, 91405, France
| | - Karel Douda
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, FAFNR, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha 6-Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Franz Essl
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Jonathan M Jeschke
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, Berlin, 12587, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 1-3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Königin-Luise-Str. 2-4, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Gregor Kalinkat
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, Berlin, 12587, Germany
| | - Lukáš Kalous
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, FAFNR, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha 6-Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Robert J Lennox
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Nygårdsgaten 112, Bergen, 5008, Norway
| | - Ana Novoa
- Department of Invasion Ecology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Průhonice, CZ-252 43, Czech Republic
| | - Raphaël Proulx
- Département des Sciences de l'environnement; Chaire de Recherche du Canada en Intégrite Écologique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Petr Pyšek
- Department of Invasion Ecology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Průhonice, CZ-252 43, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague, CZ-128 44, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Soriano-Redondo
- CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas 7, Vairão, 4485-661, Portugal
- CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1349-017, Portugal
| | - Allan T Souza
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 702/7, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Reut Vardi
- The Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Diogo Veríssimo
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, U.K
- Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, 34 Broad Street, Oxford, OX1 3BD, U.K
- Institute for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo Global, 15600 San Pasqual Valley Road, Escondido, CA, 92027, U.S.A
| | - Uri Roll
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Sede-Boqer Campus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel
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10
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Claessens LSA, Ganchev NO, Kukk MM, Schutte CJ, Sloggett JJ. An investigation of toe‐tapping behaviour in anurans by analysis of online video resources. J Zool (1987) 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. S. A. Claessens
- Maastricht Science Programme Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - N. O. Ganchev
- Maastricht Science Programme Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - M. M. Kukk
- Maastricht Science Programme Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - C. J. Schutte
- Maastricht Science Programme Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - J. J. Sloggett
- Maastricht Science Programme Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
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11
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McMillan SE, Dingle C, Allcock JA, Bonebrake TC. Exotic animal cafes are increasingly home to threatened biodiversity. Conserv Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sharne E. McMillan
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Caroline Dingle
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - John A. Allcock
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
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Birds Drinking Alcohol: Species and Relationship with People. A Review of Information from Scientific Literature and Social Media. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10020270. [PMID: 32050472 PMCID: PMC7071081 DOI: 10.3390/ani10020270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanol is a natural by-product of the fermentation process of fruit sugars and is occasionally consumed by fruit-eating and tree sap drinking birds. Information on this form of alcohol consumption features in the scientific literature. However, as pets or as wild animals living close to humans in urban habitats, birds have increasing possibilities to consume alcohol from beverages, such as beer, wine or spirits. Some observations have been discussed in a light-hearted manner in mass media and social media, but without any generalization of why some bird species drink the beverages intentionally or unintentionally provided by humans. To check which species and in what circumstances birds drink alcohol and how this is evaluated by humans, we reviewed the scientific literature and analysed videos from YouTube. In total we found and analysed 8 scientific papers and 179 YouTube videos, from which we identified at least 55 species (in some cases not all birds were identified to species level), 11 in the scientific literature and 47 in videos. The distribution of these species over the avian phylogenetic tree suggests that the origin of this convergent behaviour is mainly by human influence. The two data sources differed in the species covered. Videos typically presented interactions of birds with human-provided alcoholic beverages, and were dominated by two groups of intelligent birds: parrots and corvids. The popularity of YouTube videos for a particular species was positively correlated with the general popularity of the species as measured by the number of hits (results listed) on Google. Human responses to the videos were generally very positive and we analysed how the responses were influenced by factors derived from viewing the videos. Moreover, YouTube videos also provide information on at least 47 new bird species not previously mentioned as using alcohol, and our results suggest that parrots in particular can be potentially good candidates for future restricted laboratory studies on the effect of ethanol on birds and their relationship with humans.
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