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Olaniyan OF, Kaya İ, Secka A. Assessment of composition and physical properties of the Gambian N’Dama cow milk. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Toghdory A, Ghoorchi T, Asadi M, Bokharaeian M, Najafi M, Ghassemi Nejad J. Effects of Environmental Temperature and Humidity on Milk Composition, Microbial Load, and Somatic Cells in Milk of Holstein Dairy Cows in the Northeast Regions of Iran. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12182484. [PMID: 36139344 PMCID: PMC9494990 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to examine the relationships between temperature and humidity and milk composition, microbial load, and somatic cells in the milk of Holstein dairy cows. For this purpose, the temperature−humidity index, ambient temperature, and relative humidity data were obtained from the nearest weather stations. Production data were obtained from four dairy farms in Golestan province, Iran, collected from 2016 to 2021. The traits investigated were protein, fat, solids-not-fat (SNF), microbial load, and somatic cell count (SCC) in milk. The effects of the environmental temperature, humidity, month, and season on the milk composition, microbial load, and somatic cells were analyzed through analysis of variance. The effects of environmental temperature, humidity, month, and season on the milk composition, microbial load, and somatic cell composition were analyzed using a mixed procedure with a restricted maximum likelihood model. Although our findings revealed that there were significant differences in fat, protein, SNF, and SCC among the different months of the year (p < 0.01), no significant difference was observed in the total microbial count in milk. Environmental temperature presented significant impacts on fat, protein, SNF, SCC, and total microbial count within various temperature ranges (p < 0.01). When the temperature increased from 6.2 °C to 31.3 °C, the milk protein, fat, SNF, and somatic cell count significantly decreased, by approximately 4.09%, 5.75%, 1.31%, and 16.8%, respectively; meanwhile, the microbial count in milk significantly increased, by approximately 13.7%. Humidity showed an influence on fat, protein, non-fat solids, somatic cells, and total microbial count within different temperature ranges (p < 0.01). When the humidity increased from 54% to 82%, the milk protein, fat, SNF, and SCC significantly increased, by approximately 3.61%, 4.84%, 1.06%, and 10.2%, respectively; meanwhile, the microbial count in milk significantly decreased, by approximately 16.3%. The results demonstrate that there is a negative correlation between different months of the year, temperature, and the humidity of the environment, in terms of milk components and SCC. Our findings demonstrate that the optimum performance, in terms of milk composition, occurred in the first quarter of the year. As temperature increases and humidity decreases, milk quality decreases. Therefore, the adverse effects of environmental conditions on agricultural profits are not negligible, and strategies to better deal with the negative environmental effects are needed in order to improve milk quality in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolhakim Toghdory
- Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49189-43464, Iran
| | - Taghi Ghoorchi
- Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49189-43464, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asadi
- Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49189-43464, Iran
| | - Mostafa Bokharaeian
- Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49189-43464, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Najafi
- Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49189-43464, Iran
| | - Jalil Ghassemi Nejad
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-3744
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Mohammed MEA, Brima EI, Alasidy A, Qurishi N, Algarni M, Alshehri BMA. Physicochemical properties and some mineral concentration of milk samples from different animals and altitudes. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of animal origin and altitude on some physicochemical properties of milk and on the concentration of some minerals. The studied parameters were pH, conductivity, specific gravity, moisture, ash, total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium, potassium, and calcium. The milk samples were collected from camels (8), goats (5), and sheep (6). The samples were obtained from two altitudes: 14 and 2,110 m above sea level. At the low altitude, the conductivity was significantly different between the milks of the three ruminants and the moisture, TDS, specific gravity, and calcium were significantly different between the camel and sheep milks. Regarding the animals living at the high altitude, the moisture, TDS, specific gravity, and the ash were significantly different between the camel and sheep milks and between the sheep and goat milks. Concerning the effect of altitude on the studied parameters of the milk, it had variable significant effects on the studied parameters according to the animal origin. The animal origin and the altitude had significant effects on the milk conductivity, ash, and specific gravity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Elimam Ahamed Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Material Science, King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
| | - Eid Ibrahim Brima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
- School of Allied Health Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway , Leicester LE1 9BH , UK
| | - Aaed Alasidy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasir Qurishi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
| | - Moad Algarni
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
| | - Badria Mohammed Abdallah Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Material Science, King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
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Global prevalence of subclinical ketosis in dairy cows: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Res Vet Sci 2022; 144:66-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Application of Optical Quality Control Technologies in the Dairy Industry: An Overview. PHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics8120551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable development of the agricultural industry, in particular, the production of milk and feed for farm animals, requires accurate, fast, and non-invasive diagnostic tools. Currently, there is a rapid development of a number of analytical methods and approaches that meet these requirements. Infrared spectrometry in the near and mid-IR range is especially widespread. Progress has been made not only in the physical methods of carrying out measurements, but significant advances have also been achieved in the development of mathematical processing of the received signals. This review is devoted to the comparison of modern methods and devices used to control the quality of milk and feed for farm animals.
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Rocchetti G, O’Callaghan TF. Application of metabolomics to assess milk quality and traceability. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Freitas PHF, Oliveira HR, Silva FF, Fleming A, Schenkel FS, Miglior F, Brito LF. Short communication: Time-dependent genetic parameters and single-step genome-wide association analyses for predicted milk fatty acid composition in Ayrshire and Jersey dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:5263-5269. [PMID: 32307163 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Milk fat content and fatty acid (FA) composition have great economic value to the dairy industry as they are directly associated with taste and chemical-physical characteristics of milk and dairy products. In addition, consumers' choices are not only based on the nutritional aspects of food, but also on products known to promote better health. Milk FA composition is also related to the metabolic status and physiological stages of cows and thus can also be used as indicator for other novel traits of interest (e.g., metabolic diseases and methane yield). Genetic selection is a promising alternative to manipulate milk FA composition. In this study, we aimed to (1) estimate time-dependent genetic parameters for 5 milk FA groups (i.e., short-chain, medium-chain, long-chain, saturated, and unsaturated) predicted based on milk mid-infrared spectroscopy, for Canadian Ayrshire and Jersey breeds, and (2) conduct a time-dependent, single-step genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions, candidate genes, and metabolic pathways associated with milk FA. We analyzed 31,709 test-day records of 9,648 Ayrshire cows from 268 herds, and 34,341 records of 11,479 Jersey cows from 883 herds. The genomic database contained a total of 2,330 Ayrshire and 1,019 Jersey animals. The average daily heritability ranged from 0.18 (long-chain FA) to 0.34 (medium-chain FA) in Ayrshire, and from 0.25 (long-chain and unsaturated FA) to 0.52 (medium-chain and saturated FA) in Jersey. Important genomic regions were identified in Bos taurus autosomes BTA3, BTA5, BTA12, BTA13, BTA14, BTA16, BTA18, BTA20, and BTA21. The proportion of the variance explained by 20 adjacent SNP ranged from 0.71% (saturated FA) to 1.11% (long-chain FA) in Ayrshire, and from 0.70% (unsaturated FA) to 3.09% (medium-chain FA) in Jersey cattle. Important candidate genes and pathways were also identified, such as the PTK2 and TRAPPC9 genes, associated with milk fat percentage, and HMGCS, FGF10, and C6 genes, associated with fertility traits and immune response. Our findings on the genetic parameters and candidate genes contribute to a better understanding of the genetic architecture of milk FA composition in Ayrshire and Jersey dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H F Freitas
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; Department of Animal Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - H R Oliveira
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - F F Silva
- Department of Animal Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - A Fleming
- Lactanet Canada, Guelph, Ontario, N1K 1E5, Canada
| | - F S Schenkel
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - F Miglior
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - L F Brito
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
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DeLay ND, Thumbi S, Vanderford J, Otiang E, Ochieng L, Njenga MK, Palmer GH, Marsh TL. Linking calving intervals to milk production and household nutrition in Kenya. Food Secur 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-019-01006-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMaternal and child under-nutrition resulting in childhood stunting remains prevalent in east Africa, leading to increased disease risk, limiting cognitive development, and impeding human capital accumulation that constrains individuals, communities, and nations from reaching their full potential. In a western Kenyan population with a high prevalence of childhood stunting, frequency of milk consumption has been shown to increase monthly height gain in children, indicating the potential to improve health through livestock productivity. However, calving rates remain low, constraining the availability of milk to the household. Here we model average herd-level calving intervals and its relation to milk yield and nutrition in the context of an agricultural household production model, applying a dynamic panel econometric approach to household level data. We provide evidence that targeted on-farm specialization leads to significantly higher calving rates and shorter calving intervals, which in turn predictably increase milk production. Importantly, we show that the positive link between calving and household milk nutrition is present across households that primarily consume milk produced on-farm (“producer-consumers”) and those that predominantly purchase milk (“milk buyers”), indicating that efforts to improve herd fertility in western Kenya could improve food security on a community scale.
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Cheruiyot EK, Bett RC, Amimo JO, Zhang Y, Mrode R, Mujibi FDN. Signatures of Selection in Admixed Dairy Cattle in Tanzania. Front Genet 2018; 9:607. [PMID: 30619449 PMCID: PMC6305962 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have investigated selection signatures in domestic cattle and other species. However, there is a dearth of information about the response to selection in genomes of highly admixed crossbred cattle in relation to production and adaptation to tropical environments. In this study, we evaluated 839 admixed crossbred cows sampled from two major dairy regions in Tanzania namely Rungwe and Lushoto districts, in order to understand their genetic architecture and detect genomic regions showing preferential selection. Animals were genotyped at 150,000 SNP loci using the Geneseek Genomic Profiler (GGP) High Density (HD) SNP array. Population structure analysis showed a large within-population genetic diversity in the study animals with a high degree of variation in admixture ranging between 7 and 100% taurine genes (dairyness) of mostly Holstein and Friesian ancestry. We explored evidence of selection signatures using three statistical methods (iHS, XP-EHH, and pcadapt). Selection signature analysis identified 108 candidate selection regions in the study population. Annotation of these regions yielded interesting genes potentially under strong positive selection including ABCG2, ABCC2, XKR4, LYN, TGS1, TOX, HERC6, KIT, PLAG1, CHCHD7, NCAPG, and LCORL that are involved in multiple biological pathways underlying production and adaptation processes. Several candidate selection regions showed an excess of African taurine ancestral allele dosage. Our results provide further useful insight into potential selective sweeps in the genome of admixed cattle with possible adaptive and productive importance. Further investigations will be necessary to better characterize these candidate regions with respect to their functional significance to tropical adaptations for dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evans Kiptoo Cheruiyot
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.,USOMI Limited, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Rawlynce Cheruiyot Bett
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Joshua Oluoch Amimo
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Raphael Mrode
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.,Scotland's Rural College, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Fidalis D N Mujibi
- USOMI Limited, Nairobi, Kenya.,Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
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