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Ma W, Wu H, Chen Y, Xu H, Jiang J, Du B, Wan M, Ma X, Chen X, Lin L, Su X, Bao X, Shen Y, Xu N, Ruan J, Jiang H, Ding Y. New techniques to identify the tissue of origin for cancer of unknown primary in the era of precision medicine: progress and challenges. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae028. [PMID: 38343328 PMCID: PMC10859692 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite a standardized diagnostic examination, cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a rare metastatic malignancy with an unidentified tissue of origin (TOO). Patients diagnosed with CUP are typically treated with empiric chemotherapy, although their prognosis is worse than those with metastatic cancer of a known origin. TOO identification of CUP has been employed in precision medicine, and subsequent site-specific therapy is clinically helpful. For example, molecular profiling, including genomic profiling, gene expression profiling, epigenetics and proteins, has facilitated TOO identification. Moreover, machine learning has improved identification accuracy, and non-invasive methods, such as liquid biopsy and image omics, are gaining momentum. However, the heterogeneity in prediction accuracy, sample requirements and technical fundamentals among the various techniques is noteworthy. Accordingly, we systematically reviewed the development and limitations of novel TOO identification methods, compared their pros and cons and assessed their potential clinical usefulness. Our study may help patients shift from empirical to customized care and improve their prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiran Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongxia Xu
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Junjie Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bang Du
- Real Doctor AI Research Centre, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mingyu Wan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolu Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinhui Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuanwen Bao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifei Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nong Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiping Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Ding
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Han HS, Lee KW. Liquid Biopsy: An Emerging Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Predictive Tool in Gastric Cancer. J Gastric Cancer 2024; 24:4-28. [PMID: 38225764 PMCID: PMC10774753 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2024.24.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy, a minimally invasive procedure that causes minimal pain and complication risks to patients, has been extensively studied for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, it facilitates comprehensive quantification and serial assessment of the whole-body tumor burden. Several biosources obtained through liquid biopsy have been studied as important biomarkers for establishing early diagnosis, monitoring minimal residual disease, and predicting the prognosis and response to treatment in patients with cancer. Although the clinical application of liquid biopsy in gastric cancer is not as robust as that in other cancers, biomarker studies using liquid biopsy are being actively conducted in patients with gastric cancer. Herein, we aimed to review the role of various biosources that can be obtained from patients with gastric cancer through liquid biopsies, such as blood, saliva, gastric juice, urine, stool, peritoneal lavage fluid, and ascites, by dividing them into cellular and acellular components. In addition, we reviewed previous studies on the diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers for gastric cancer using liquid biopsy and discussed the limitations of liquid biopsy and the challenges to overcome these limitations in patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Sook Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Keun-Wook Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
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Bratei AA, Stefan-van Staden RI, Ilie-Mihai RM, Gheorghe DC. Simultaneous Assay of CA 72-4, CA 19-9, CEA and CA 125 in Biological Samples Using Needle Three-Dimensional Stochastic Microsensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8046. [PMID: 37836876 PMCID: PMC10575467 DOI: 10.3390/s23198046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-needle 3D stochastic microsensors based on boron- and nitrogen-decorated gra-phenes, modified with N-(2-mercapto-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-5-yl), were designed and used for the molecular recognition and quantification of CA 72-4, CA 19-9, CEA and CA 125 biomarkers in biological samples such as whole blood, urine, saliva and tumoral tissue. The NBGr-2 sensor yielded lower limits of determination. For CEA, the LOD was 4.10 × 10-15 s-1 g-1 mL, while for CA72-4, the LOD was 4.00 × 10-11 s-1 U-1 mL. When the NBGr-1 sensor was employed, the best results were obtained for CA12-5 and CA19-9, with values of LODs of 8.37 × 10-14 s-1 U-1 mL and 2.09 × 10-13 s-1 U-1 mL, respectively. High sensitivities were obtained when both sensors were employed. Broad linear concentration ranges favored their determination from very low to higher concentrations in biological samples, ranging from 8.37 × 10-14 to 8.37 × 103 s-1 U-1 mL for CA12-5 when using the NBGr-1 sensor, and from 4.10 × 10-15 to 2.00 × 10-7 s-1 g-1 mL for CEA when using the NBGr-2 sensor. Student's t-test showed that there was no significant difference between the results obtained utilizing the two microsensors for the screening tests, at a 99% confidence level, with the results obtained being lower than the tabulated values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru-Adrian Bratei
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 202 Splaiul Independentei Str., 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-A.B.); (R.-M.I.-M.); (D.-C.G.)
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science & Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Pathology, Emergency University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Raluca-Ioana Stefan-van Staden
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 202 Splaiul Independentei Str., 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-A.B.); (R.-M.I.-M.); (D.-C.G.)
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science & Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ruxandra-Maria Ilie-Mihai
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 202 Splaiul Independentei Str., 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-A.B.); (R.-M.I.-M.); (D.-C.G.)
| | - Damaris-Cristina Gheorghe
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 202 Splaiul Independentei Str., 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-A.B.); (R.-M.I.-M.); (D.-C.G.)
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Okumura T, Fujii T, Terabayashi K, Kojima T, Takeda S, Kashiwada T, Toriyama K, Hijioka S, Miyazaki T, Yamamoto M, Tanabe S, Shirakawa Y, Furukawa M, Honma Y, Hoshino I, Nabeya Y, Yamaguchi H, Uemoto S, Shimada Y, Matsubara H, Ozawa S, Makuuchi H, Imamura M. MicroRNAs associated with postoperative outcomes in patients with limited stage neuroendocrine carcinoma of the esophagus. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:276. [PMID: 37274462 PMCID: PMC10236049 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma (E-NEC) is an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. The present study aimed to assess the role of surgery in the treatment of patients with resectable E-NEC, and identify a microRNA (miRNA/miR) signature in association with positive postoperative outcomes. Between February 2017 and August 2019, 36 patients with E-NEC who underwent curative surgery at the Japan Neuroendocrine Tumor Society partner hospitals were enrolled in the study. A total of 16 (44.4%) patients achieved disease-free survival (non-relapse group), whereas 20 (55.6%) patients developed tumor relapse (relapse group) during the median follow-up time of 36.5 months (range, 1-242) after surgery with a 5-year overall survival rate of 100 and 10.8%, respectively (P<0.01). No clinicopathological parameters, such as histological type or TNM staging, were associated with tumor relapse. Microarray analysis of 2,630 miRNAs in 11 patients with sufficient quality RNA revealed 12 miRNAs (miR-1260a, -1260b, -1246, -4284, -612, -1249-3p, -296-5p, -575, -6805-3p, -12136, -6822-5p and -4454) that were differentially expressed between the relapse (n=6) and non-relapse (n=5) groups. Furthermore, the top three miRNAs (miR-1246, -1260a and -1260b) were associated with overall survival (P<0.01). These results demonstrated that surgery-based multidisciplinary treatment is effective in a distinct subpopulation of limited stage E-NEC. A specific miRNA gene set is suggested to be associated with treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Okumura
- Department of Surgery and Science, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujii
- Department of Surgery and Science, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kenji Terabayashi
- Department of Mechanical and Intellectual Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8577, Japan
| | - Shigeru Takeda
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kashiwada
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division Hematology, Respiratory Medical and Oncology, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Toriyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Susumu Hijioka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Miyazaki
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Miho Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shirakawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masayuki Furukawa
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka 811-1395, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Honma
- Department of Head and Neck, Esophageal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Isamu Hoshino
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nabeya
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - Hironori Yamaguchi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Shinji Uemoto
- President's Office, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shimada
- Department of Nanobio Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Soji Ozawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Makuuchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Masayuki Imamura
- Neuroendocrine Tumor Center, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka 553-0003, Japan
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Matsuoka T, Yashiro M. Novel biomarkers for early detection of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:2515-2533. [PMID: 37213407 PMCID: PMC10198055 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i17.2515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Less than half of GC cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage due to its lack of early symptoms. GC is a heterogeneous disease associated with a number of genetic and somatic mutations. Early detection and effective monitoring of tumor progression are essential for reducing GC disease burden and mortality. The current widespread use of semi-invasive endoscopic methods and radiologic approaches has increased the number of treatable cancers: However, these approaches are invasive, costly, and time-consuming. Thus, novel molecular noninvasive tests that detect GC alterations seem to be more sensitive and specific compared to the current methods. Recent technological advances have enabled the detection of blood-based biomarkers that could be used as diagnostic indicators and for monitoring postsurgical minimal residual disease. These biomarkers include circulating DNA, RNA, extracellular vesicles, and proteins, and their clinical applications are currently being investigated. The identification of ideal diagnostic markers for GC that have high sensitivity and specificity would improve survival rates and contribute to the advancement of precision medicine. This review provides an overview of current topics regarding the novel, recently developed diagnostic markers for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Matsuoka
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 5458585, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 5458585, Japan
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MicroRNAs miR-584-5p and miR-425-3p Are Up-Regulated in Plasma of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Patients: Targeting with Inhibitor Peptide Nucleic Acids Is Associated with Induction of Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010128. [PMID: 36612125 PMCID: PMC9817681 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy has dramatically changed cancer management in the last decade; however, despite the huge number of miRNA signatures available for diagnostic or prognostic purposes, it is still unclear if dysregulated miRNAs in the bloodstream could be used to develop miRNA-based therapeutic approaches. In one author's previous work, nine miRNAs were found to be dysregulated in early-stage colon cancer (CRC) patients by NGS analysis followed by RT-dd-PCR validation. In the present study, the biological effects of the targeting of the most relevant dysregulated miRNAs with anti-miRNA peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) were verified, and their anticancer activity in terms of apoptosis induction was evaluated. Our data demonstrate that targeting bloodstream up-regulated miRNAs using anti-miRNA PNAs leads to the down-regulation of target miRNAs associated with inhibition of the activation of the pro-apoptotic pathway in CRC cellular models. Moreover, very high percentages of apoptotic cells were found when the anti-miRNA PNAs were associated with other pro-apoptotic agents, such as sulforaphane (SFN). The presented data sustain the idea that the targeting of miRNAs up-regulated in the bloodstream with a known role in tumor pathology might be a tool for the design of protocols for anti-tumor therapy based on miRNA-targeting molecules.
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Zhang C, Sun C, Zhao Y, Wang Q, Guo J, Ye B, Yu G. Overview of MicroRNAs as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for High-Incidence Cancers in 2021. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911389. [PMID: 36232692 PMCID: PMC9570028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) about 22 nucleotides in size, which play an important role in gene regulation and are involved in almost all major cellular physiological processes. In recent years, the abnormal expression of miRNAs has been shown to be associated with human diseases including cancer. In the past ten years, the link between miRNAs and various cancers has been extensively studied, and the abnormal expression of miRNAs has been reported in various malignant tumors, such as lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer. Due to the high malignancy grade of these cancers, it is more necessary to develop the related diagnostic and prognostic methods. According to the study of miRNAs, many potential cancer biomarkers have been proposed for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases, especially cancer, thus providing a new theoretical basis and perspective for cancer screening. The use of miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis or prognosis of cancer has the advantages of being less invasive to patients, with better accuracy and lower price. In view of the important clinical significance of miRNAs in human cancer research, this article reviewed the research status of miRNAs in the above-mentioned cancers in 2021, especially in terms of diagnosis and prognosis, and provided some new perspectives and theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Caifang Sun
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yabin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Qiwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jianlin Guo
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Bingyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Correspondence: (B.Y.); (G.Y.)
| | - Guoying Yu
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Correspondence: (B.Y.); (G.Y.)
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Identification of Inflammation-Related Genes and Exploration of Regulatory Mechanisms in Patients with Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4501186. [PMID: 36193326 PMCID: PMC9526608 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4501186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a disabling orthopedic disease, which is impacted by infiltration of immune cells. Thus, the aim of the current research was to determine the inflammation-related biomarkers in ONFH. Methods GSE123568 dataset with control and steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) samples were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected by limma R package and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to explore the co-expression genes and modules. We obtained inflammation-related genes (IRGs) from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). Then, the IRGs associated with SONFH (IRGs-SONFH) were screened out and analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database, and hub genes were identified by the MCODE algorithm. Based on the hub genes, we constructed a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. Results We identified 535 DEGs between control and SONFH samples. The WGCNA clearly indicated that the brown module was most significantly associated with SONFH. We identified 25 IRGs-SONFH through WGCNA module genes, DEGs and IRGs. A total of 4 hub genes (CD14, CYBB, NOD2, and TLR1) were identified by Cytoscape. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined that the expressions of the four genes could distinguish SONFH from controls as evidenced by the area under the curve (AUC) greater than 0.7. Finally, we constructed a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network which included 67 lncRNAs, 1 miRNA (hsa-miR-320a), and 1 mRNA (NOD2). Conclusions Our study identified 4 hub genes as potential inflammation-related biomarkers of SONFH. Moreover, we proposed a ceRNA network of lncRNAs targeting hsa-miR-320a, hsa-miR-320a, and NOD2 as a potential RNA regulatory pathway that controls disease progression in ONFH.
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Treatment Response Predictors of Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071614. [PMID: 35884916 PMCID: PMC9312565 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) has been recognized as an effective therapeutic option because it is expected to improve the curative resection rate by reducing the tumor size and preventing recurrence of micrometastases. However, for patients resistant to NAC, not only will operation timing be delayed, but they will also suffer from side effects. Thus, it is crucial to develop a comprehensive strategy and select patients sensitive to NAC. However, the therapeutic effect of NAC is unpredictable due to tumor heterogeneity and a lack of predictive biomarkers for guiding the choice of optimal preoperative treatment in clinical practice. This article summarizes the related research progress on predictive biomarkers of NAC for gastric cancer. Among the many investigated biomarkers, metabolic enzymes for cytotoxic agents, nucleotide excision repair, and microsatellite instability, have shown promising results and should be assessed in prospective clinical trials. Noninvasive liquid biopsy detection, including miRNA and exosome detection, is also a promising strategy.
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Mirzajani E, Vahidi S, Norollahi SE, Samadani AA. Novel biomarkers of microRNAs in gastric cancer; an overview from diagnosis to treatment. Microrna 2022; 11:12-24. [PMID: 35319404 DOI: 10.2174/2211536611666220322160242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The fourth frequent disease in the world and the second cause of cancer-related death is gastric cancer (GC). In this way, over 80% of diagnoses are made in the middle to advanced degrees of the disease, underscoring the requirement for innovative biomarkers that can be identified quickly. Meaningly, biomarkers that can complement endoscopic diagnosis and be used to detect patients with a high risk of GC are desperately needed. These biomarkers will allow for the accurate prediction of therapy response and prognosis in GC patients, as well as the development of an optimal treatment strategy for each individual. Conspicoiusly, microRNAs (miRNAs) and small noncoding RNA regulates the expression of target mRNA and thereby modifies critical biological mechanisms. According to the data, abnormally miRNAs expression in GC is linked to tumor growth, carcinogenesis, aggression and distant metastasis. Importantly, miRNA expression patterns and next-generation sequencing (NGS) can also be applied to analyze kinds of tissues and cancers. Given the high death rates and poor prognosis of GC, and the absence of a clinical diagnostic factor that is adequately sensitive to GC, research into novel sensitive and specific markers for GC diagnosis is critical. In this review,we evaluate the latest research findings that suggest the feasibility and clinical utility of miRNAs in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Mirzajani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sogand Vahidi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Elham Norollahi
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Samadani
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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11
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Wu F, Zhang L, Wang L, Zhang D. AGT May Serve as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:1865-1878. [PMID: 35264871 PMCID: PMC8899101 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s351662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Angiotensinogen (AGT), as a component of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), is associated with multiple risk factors for gastric cancer (GC). However, the relationship between AGT and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in GC remains elusive. Methods AGT expression was analyzed based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Kaplan–Meier curve was employed to assess the role of AGT expression in gastric patients’ prognosis. The association between AGT expression and tumor immune infiltration was further evaluated via exploring Tumour Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). We also used multiple public databases to analyse the aberrant methylation of AGT, construct protein–protein interaction (PPI) and gene ontology (GO) analyses. Results AGT was overexpressed in GC tissues compared with normal gastric tissues (P<0.05). High AGT expression related with poorer overall survival of patients with GC, especially in advanced GC patients. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that AGT was associated with several immune cells (including B cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages), and AGT expression was also associated with the markers of NK cells, TAMs, Tregs, and so on (all P<0.05). Methylation analysis indicated that hypomethylation may lead to abnormal upregulation of the AGT. GO analysis showed that AGT and its related genes were enriched in systemic arterial blood pressure by hormone, regulation of blood volume by renin-angiotensin, NIK/NF-kappaB signaling, ficolin-1-rich granule and so on. Conclusion AGT could act as a promising biomarker for prognosis and immune infiltration in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanqi Wu
- Department of Respiratory, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longguo Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dekui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Dekui Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13919788616, Email
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12
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Gilani N, Arabi Belaghi R, Aftabi Y, Faramarzi E, Edgünlü T, Somi MH. Identifying Potential miRNA Biomarkers for Gastric Cancer Diagnosis Using Machine Learning Variable Selection Approach. Front Genet 2022; 12:779455. [PMID: 35082831 PMCID: PMC8785967 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.779455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to accurately identification of potential miRNAs for gastric cancer (GC) diagnosis at the early stages of the disease. Methods: We used GSE106817 data with 2,566 miRNAs to train the machine learning models. We used the Boruta machine learning variable selection approach to identify the strong miRNAs associated with GC in the training sample. We then validated the prediction models in the independent sample GSE113486 data. Finally, an ontological analysis was done on identified miRNAs to eliciting the relevant relationships. Results: Of those 2,874 patients in the training the model, there were 115 (4%) patients with GC. Boruta identified 30 miRNAs as potential biomarkers for GC diagnosis and hsa-miR-1343-3p was at the highest ranking. All of the machine learning algorithms showed that using hsa-miR-1343-3p as a biomarker, GC can be predicted with very high precision (AUC; 100%, sensitivity; 100%, specificity; 100% ROC; 100%, Kappa; 100) using with the cut-off point of 8.2 for hsa-miR-1343-3p. Also, ontological analysis of 30 identified miRNAs approved their strong relationship with cancer associated genes and molecular events. Conclusion: The hsa-miR-1343-3p could be introduced as a valuable target for studies on the GC diagnosis using reliable biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Gilani
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Arabi Belaghi
- Department of Mathematics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematical Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Younes Aftabi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elnaz Faramarzi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tuba Edgünlü
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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13
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Hamidi F, Gilani N, Belaghi RA, Sarbakhsh P, Edgünlü T, Santaguida P. Exploration of Potential miRNA Biomarkers and Prediction for Ovarian Cancer Using Artificial Intelligence. Front Genet 2021; 12:724785. [PMID: 34899827 PMCID: PMC8656459 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.724785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the second most dangerous gynecologic cancer with a high mortality rate. The classification of gene expression data from high-dimensional and small-sample gene expression data is a challenging task. The discovery of miRNAs, a small non-coding RNA with 18–25 nucleotides in length that regulates gene expression, has revealed the existence of a new array for regulation of genes and has been reported as playing a serious role in cancer. By using LASSO and Elastic Net as embedded algorithms of feature selection techniques, the present study identified 10 miRNAs that were regulated in ovarian serum cancer samples compared to non-cancer samples in public available dataset GSE106817: hsa-miR-5100, hsa-miR-6800-5p, hsa-miR-1233-5p, hsa-miR-4532, hsa-miR-4783-3p, hsa-miR-4787-3p, hsa-miR-1228-5p, hsa-miR-1290, hsa-miR-3184-5p, and hsa-miR-320b. Further, we implemented state-of-the-art machine learning classifiers, such as logistic regression, random forest, artificial neural network, XGBoost, and decision trees to build clinical prediction models. Next, the diagnostic performance of these models with identified miRNAs was evaluated in the internal (GSE106817) and external validation dataset (GSE113486) by ROC analysis. The results showed that first four prediction models consistently yielded an AUC of 100%. Our findings provide significant evidence that the serum miRNA profile represents a promising diagnostic biomarker for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Hamidi
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Gilani
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Arabi Belaghi
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematical Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Mathematics, Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Parvin Sarbakhsh
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tuba Edgünlü
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Pasqualina Santaguida
- Department of Health Research and Methods, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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14
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Xu Y, Zhang P, Zhang K, Huang C. The application of CA72-4 in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of gastric cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188634. [PMID: 34656687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of conventional serum tumor marker, carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4), in assisting diagnosis, monitoring dynamic progression, and evaluating the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) should not be ignored, especially in the Chinese population. Even though CA72-4 has been used in clinical practice for decades, its modest positivity rate, sensitivity, and specificity did not meet the high demand of the clinical application. However, over the years, some progress in the functions of CA72-4 has been achieved, suggesting that CA72-4 can still be considered a promising marker in oncology. As a biomarker, CA72-4 can achieve improved sensitivity (SEN) and specificity (SPE) when combined with other biomarkers, selecting suitable reference values, improving detection techniques, and identifying the risk threshold. As a predictor, elevated serum CA72-4 levels were found to be significantly associated with prognostic risk factors, further assessing therapeutic validity and resectability. Recently, an effective method to reduce the toxicity of CA72-4 targeted therapy has been developed. Moreover, CA72-4 could induce novel aptamers to react with tumor cells and enhance the efficacy of trastuzumab in HER2-positive GC. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the most recent application of CA72-4 in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Pengshan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Kundong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, PR China.
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15
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Herrera-Pariente C, Montori S, Llach J, Bofill A, Albeniz E, Moreira L. Biomarkers for Gastric Cancer Screening and Early Diagnosis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101448. [PMID: 34680565 PMCID: PMC8533304 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with a bad prognosis associated with late-stage diagnosis, significantly decreasing the overall survival. This highlights the importance of early detection to improve the clinical course of these patients. Although screening programs, based on endoscopic or radiologic approaches, have been useful in countries with high incidence, they are not cost-effective in low-incidence populations as a massive screening strategy. Additionally, current biomarkers used in daily routine are not specific and sensitive enough, and most of them are obtained invasively. Thus, it is imperative to discover new noninvasive biomarkers able to diagnose early-stage gastric cancer. In this context, liquid biopsy is a promising strategy. In this review, we briefly discuss some of the potential biomarkers for gastric cancer screening and diagnosis identified in blood, saliva, urine, stool, and gastric juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Herrera-Pariente
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Gastroenterology Department, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.H.-P.); (J.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Sheyla Montori
- UPNA, IdiSNA, Navarrabiomed Biomedical Research Center, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Research Unit, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Joan Llach
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Gastroenterology Department, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.H.-P.); (J.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Alex Bofill
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Gastroenterology Department, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.H.-P.); (J.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Eduardo Albeniz
- UPNA, IdiSNA, Navarrabiomed Biomedical Research Center, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Research Unit, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.M.); (E.A.)
- Endoscopy Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leticia Moreira
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Gastroenterology Department, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.H.-P.); (J.L.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Jin FE, Xie B, Xian HZ, Wang JH. Knockdown of miR-125b-5p inhibits the proliferation and invasion of gastric carcinoma cells by targeting RYBP. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:863-871. [PMID: 34337862 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma, one of the most aggressive and lethal human malignancies, is associated with poor prognosis despite progress in therapeutic strategies. This study examined the potential function and mechanism of action of microRNA-125b-5p (miR-125b-5p) in the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma. We recognized that miR-125b-5p was elevated in gastric carcinoma, and its decreased expression was associated with a better prognosis. Loss-of-function assays showed that miR-125b-5p suppression inhibited the proliferative and invasive abilities of gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, RING1 and YY1-binding protein (RYBP) was found to be target gene for miR-125b-5p action; miR-125b-5p negatively regulates RYBP expression. According to the results of rescue experiments, RYBP downregulation partially counteracted the miR-125b-5p silence-mediated inhibitory function in gastric cancer progression. Collectively, these data elucidated the molecular mechanisms of the miR-125b-5p/RYBP axis in gastric cancer invasion and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-E Jin
- Department of Health Management, Qingdao Huangdao District Center Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Bo Xie
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Hong-Zhen Xian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jimo People's Hospital of Qingdao City, Qingdao, China
| | - Ji-Hai Wang
- Surgery Staff Room, Shandong Medical College, Linyi, China
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