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Ma G, Yang J, Wang X, Xia E, Yu J, Zhang M, Hu Y, Ma S, Zhou X, Fan Q, Han Y, Wang J. Dissecting causal relationships between primary biliary cholangitis and extrahepatic autoimmune diseases based on Mendelian randomization. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11528. [PMID: 38773317 PMCID: PMC11109240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62509-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
As an autoimmune disease, up to 73% of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) have a combination of extrahepatic autoimmune diseases (EHAIDs); however, the causal relationship between PBC and EHAIDs is unclear. The genome-wide association analyses provided 14 GWAS data for PBC and EHAIDs, and bidirectional, two-sample MR analyses were performed to examine the relationship between PBC and EHAIDs. The analysis using MR provides a strong and meaningful estimation of the bidirectional correlation between PBC and 7 EHAIDs: rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, autoimmune hypothyroidism, inflammatory bowel disease and ulcerative colitis of its types. In addition, PBC increases the risk of autoimmune thyroid diseases such as autoimmune hyperthyroidism and Graves' disease, as well as multiple sclerosis and psoriasis. Additionally, PBC is identified as a risk factor for Crohn's disease and Celiac disease. Based on genetic evidence, there may be connections between PBC and specific EHAIDs: not all coexisting EHAIDs induce PBC, and vice versa. This underscores the significance of prioritizing PBC in clinical practice. Additionally, if any liver function abnormalities are observed during treatment or with EHAIDs, it is crucial to consider the possibility of comorbid PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ma
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- Xijing Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Erzhuo Xia
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiahao Yu
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yinan Hu
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuoyi Ma
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingling Fan
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Han
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jingbo Wang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Xu GM, Hu MX, Li SY, Ran X, Zhang H, Ding XF. Thyroid disorders and gastrointestinal dysmotility: an old association. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1389113. [PMID: 38803365 PMCID: PMC11129086 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1389113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal motility symptoms may be closely related to thyroid diseases. Sometimes, such symptoms are the only thyroid disease-related clue although the degree of the symptoms may vary. The exact mechanism of action of thyroid hormones on gastrointestinal motility is not completely understood, however, a clue lies in the fact that muscle cell receptors can be directly acted upon by thyroxines. Both hypo- and hyperthyroidism can cause impairment of gastrointestinal motility, modifying structure and function of pharynx and esophagus, and regulating esophageal peristalsis through neuro-humoral interaction. In hyperthyroid patients, alterations of postprandial and basic electric rhythms have been observed at gastro-duodenal level, often resulting in slower gastric emptying. Gastric emptying may also be delayed in hypothyroidism, but an unrelated gastric mucosa-affecting chronic modification may also cause such pattern. Hyperthyroidism commonly show malabsorption and diarrhoea, while hypothyroidism frequently show constipation. In summary, it can be stated that symptoms of gastrointestinal motility dysfunction can be related to thyroid diseases, affecting any of the gastrointestinal segment. Clinically, the typical thyroid disease manifestations may be missing, borderline, or concealed because of intercurrent sicknesses. Motility-linked gastrointestinal problems may easily conceal a misdetected, underlying dysthyroidism that should be carefully analyzed. Here, we aim to elaborate on the associations between thyroid disorders and GI dysmotility and the common clinical manifestations associated with GI dysmotility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Meng Xu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming-Xin Hu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Si-Yu Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuan Ran
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiang-Fu Ding
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Tu J, Wang Y, Ye X, Wang Y, Zou Y, Jia L, Yang S, Yu R, Liu W, Huang P. Gut microbial features may influence antiviral IgG levels after vaccination against viral respiratory infectious diseases: the evidence from two-sample bidirectional mendelian randomization. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:431. [PMID: 38654203 PMCID: PMC11036767 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09189-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination is effective in preventing viral respiratory infectious diseases through protective antibodies and the gut microbiome has been proven to regulate human immunity. This study explores the causal correlations between gut microbial features and serum-specific antiviral immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. METHODS We conduct a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data to explore the causal relationships between 412 gut microbial features and four antiviral IgG (for influenza A, measles, rubella, and mumps) levels. To make the results more reliable, we used four robust methods and performed comprehensive sensitivity analyses. RESULTS The MR analyses revealed 26, 13, 20, and 18 causal associations of the gut microbial features influencing four IgG levels separately. Interestingly, ten microbial features, like genus Collinsella, species Bifidobacterium longum, and the biosynthesis of L-alanine have shown the capacity to regulate multiple IgG levels with consistent direction (rise or fall). The reverse MR analysis suggested several potential causal associations of IgG levels affecting microbial features. CONCLUSIONS The human immune response against viral respiratory infectious diseases could be modulated by changing the abundance of gut microbes, which provided new approaches for the intervention of viral respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlan Tu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
| | - Yidi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangyu Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Jurong Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Jurong, China
| | - Yixin Zou
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
| | - Linna Jia
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongbin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China.
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, 100071, Beijing, China.
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China.
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Suarez-Zdunek MA, Arentoft NS, Krohn PS, Lauridsen EHE, Afzal S, Høgh J, Thomsen MT, Knudsen AD, Nordestgaard BG, Hillingsø JG, Villadsen GE, Holland-Fischer P, Rasmussen A, Fialla AD, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Nielsen SD. Prevalence of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in liver transplant recipients and associated risk factors. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7828. [PMID: 38570629 PMCID: PMC10991542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism and associated risk factors are unknown in liver transplant recipients. We aimed to determine the prevalence of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism and associated risk factors in liver transplant recipients and to compare it with controls from the general population. As part of the Danish Comorbidity in Liver Transplant Recipients (DACOLT) Study, all Danish liver transplant recipients over the age of 20 were invited for measurements of concentrations of thyrotropin and thyroid hormones. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism was compared to age- and sex-matched controls from the Copenhagen General Population Study. Using logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, smoking, and body-mass index, we investigated potential risk factors. We recruited 489 liver transplant recipients and 1808 controls. Among liver transplant recipients, 14 (2.9%) had hyperthyroidism compared with 21 (1.2%) of controls (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-4.75, P = 0.04), while 42 (5.7%) had hypothyroidism compared with 139 (7.7%) of controls (aOR 0.68, 95% CI 0.43-1.08, P = 0.10). Female sex, and autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis as causes of transplantation were associated with hyperthyroidism after adjustments. Age, female sex, and autoimmune liver diseases as cause of transplantation were associated with hypothyroidism after adjustments. DACOLT is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04777032).
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Affiliation(s)
- Moises Alberto Suarez-Zdunek
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Esther Møllers Vej 6, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Stender Arentoft
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Esther Møllers Vej 6, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul Suno Krohn
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Shoaib Afzal
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julie Høgh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Esther Møllers Vej 6, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Magda Teresa Thomsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Esther Møllers Vej 6, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Dehlbæk Knudsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Esther Møllers Vej 6, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Børge Grønne Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Georg Hillingsø
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Allan Rasmussen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anette Dam Fialla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne D Nielsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Esther Møllers Vej 6, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Zhang W, Lang R. Genetic link between primary sclerosing cholangitis and thyroid dysfunction: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1276459. [PMID: 37928559 PMCID: PMC10622799 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1276459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have demonstrated an association between primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and thyroid dysfunction (TD). However, the causal relationship between PSC and TD remains uncertain. The purpose of this study is to investigate the causal associations and specific direction between these two conditions. Gaining insight into the potential causal relationship between PSC and TD is valuable for elucidating the pathogenesis of PSC and for devising innovative approaches for the prevention and treatment of PSC and its associated complications. Methods We conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal association between PSC and TD, such as autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), thyroid cancer (TC), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), among others. PSC was the exposure variable, while TD was the outcome variable. To identify suitable instrumental variables (IVs), we utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets to select potential candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The primary statistical approach employed was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, which was complemented by a series of sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the results by estimating heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Results We found that the causal associations between genetically predicted PSC and Graves' disease (GD), hyperthyroidism (IVW OR=1.230, 95%CI: 1.089-1.389, P=0.001; IVW OR=1.001, 95%CI: 1.000-1.002, P=0.000) were statistically significant. The reverse MR analysis indicated that genetic susceptibility to hyperthyroidism (P=0.000) and hypothyroidism (p=0.028) might be the risk of PSC. There was no statistically significant causal association observed between PSC and other TD (IVW P>0.05), with the exception of GD, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism as determined through bidirectional two-sample analysis. To ensure the reliability of our findings, additional sensitivity analyses were conducted, including the leave-one-out (LOO) test, heterogeneity test, and pleiotropic test. Conclusion In this study, we conducted an investigation into the causal association between PSC and TD. Our findings indicate that PSC significantly elevates the susceptibility to GD and hyperthyroidism from a statistical perspective. These results shed light on the etiology of PSC and have implications for the management of patients with PSC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ren Lang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zhu XB, Hou YQ, Ye XY, Zou YX, Xia XS, Yang S, Huang P, Yu RB. Identifying and Exploring the Candidate Susceptibility Genes of Cirrhosis Using the Multi-Tissue Transcriptome-Wide Association Study. Front Genet 2022; 13:878607. [PMID: 35646080 PMCID: PMC9136150 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.878607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We identify and explore the candidate susceptibility genes for cirrhosis and their underlying biological mechanism. Methods: We downloaded the genome-wide association studies summary data of 901 cirrhosis cases and 451,363 controls and integrated them with reference models of five potential tissues from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) Project, including whole blood, liver, pancreas, spleen, and thyroid, to identify genes whose expression is predicted to be associated with cirrhosis. Then, we downloaded gene expression data of individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma from TCGA database to conduct differential expression analysis to validate these identified genes and explored their possible role in driving cirrhosis via functional enrichment and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results: We identified 10 significant genes (SKIV2L, JPH4, UQCC2, RP11-91I8.3, MAU2, ERAP1, PUS3, ZNF677, ARHGAP40, and SHANK3) associated with cirrhosis at a Bonferroni-corrected threshold of p < 0.01, among which two (SKIV2L and JPH4) were identified in the liver and five (SKIV2L, JPH4, MAU2, SHANK3, and UQCC2) were validated by differential expression analysis at an FDR-corrected threshold of p < 0.01. The enrichment analysis showed that the degradation process of RNA, which is enriched by 58 genes, is significantly under-enriched in liver cancer tissues (p = 0.0268). Conclusion: We have identified several candidate genes for cirrhosis in multiple tissues and performed differential genetic analysis using the liver cancer database to verify the significant genes. We found that the genes SKIV2L and JPH4 identified in the liver are of particular concern. Finally, through enrichment analysis, we speculate that the process of mRNA transcription and RNA degradation may play a role in cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Zhu
- The People’s Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yu-Qing Hou
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zou
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue-Shan Xia
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Huang, ; Rong-Bin Yu,
| | - Rong-Bin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Huang, ; Rong-Bin Yu,
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