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Nguyen HD, Chaudhury S, Waickman AT, Friberg H, Currier JR, Wallqvist A. Stochastic Model of the Adaptive Immune Response Predicts Disease Severity and Captures Enhanced Cross-Reactivity in Natural Dengue Infections. Front Immunol 2021; 12:696755. [PMID: 34484195 PMCID: PMC8416063 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.696755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The dengue virus circulates as four distinct serotypes, where a single serotype infection is typically asymptomatic and leads to acquired immunity against that serotype. However, the developed immunity to one serotype is thought to underlie the severe manifestation of the disease observed in subsequent infections from a different serotype. We developed a stochastic model of the adaptive immune response to dengue infections. We first delineated the mechanisms initiating and sustaining adaptive immune responses during primary infections. We then contrasted these immune responses during secondary infections of either a homotypic or heterotypic serotype to understand the role of pre-existing and reactivated immune pathways on disease severity. Comparison of non-symptomatic and severe cases from heterotypic infections demonstrated that overproduction of specific antibodies during primary infection induces an enhanced population of cross-reactive antibodies during secondary infection, ultimately leading to severe disease manifestations. In addition, the level of disease severity was found to correlate with immune response kinetics, which was dependent on beginning lymphocyte levels. Our results detail the contribution of specific lymphocytes and antibodies to immunity and memory recall that lead to either protective or pathological outcomes, allowing for the understanding and determination of mechanisms of protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung D Nguyen
- Biotechnology High Performance Computing (HPC) Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, MD, United States.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sidhartha Chaudhury
- Center for Enabling Capabilities, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Adam T Waickman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Heather Friberg
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Currier
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Anders Wallqvist
- Biotechnology High Performance Computing (HPC) Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, MD, United States
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2
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Acklin JA, Cattle JD, Moss AS, Brown JA, Foster GA, Krysztof D, Stramer SL, Lim JK. Evaluating the Safety of West Nile Virus Immunity During Congenital Zika Virus Infection in Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:686411. [PMID: 34220838 PMCID: PMC8250419 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.686411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a phenomenon that occurs when cross-reactive antibodies generated from a previous flaviviral infection increase the pathogenesis of a related virus. Zika virus (ZIKV) is the most recent flavivirus introduced to the Western Hemisphere and has become a significant public health threat due to the unanticipated impact on the developing fetus. West Nile virus (WNV) is the primary flavivirus that circulates in North America, and we and others have shown that antibodies against WNV are cross-reactive to ZIKV. Thus, there is concern that WNV immunity could increase the risk of severe ZIKV infection, particularly during pregnancy. In this study, we examined the extent to which WNV antibodies could impact ZIKV pathogenesis in a murine pregnancy model. To test this, we passively transferred WNV antibodies into pregnant Stat2-/- mice on E6.5 prior to infection with ZIKV. Evaluation of pregnant dams showed weight loss following ZIKV infection; however, no differences in maternal weights or viral loads in the maternal brain, spleen, or spinal cord were observed in the presence of WNV antibodies. Resorption rates, and other fetal parameters, including fetal and placental size, were similarly unaffected. Further, the presence of WNV antibodies did not significantly alter the viral load or the inflammatory response in the placenta or the fetus in response to ZIKV. Our data suggest that pre-existing WNV immunity may not significantly impact the pathogenesis of ZIKV infection during pregnancy. Our findings are promising for the safety of implementing WNV vaccines in the continental US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Acklin
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Javier D Cattle
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Arianna S Moss
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Julia A Brown
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gregory A Foster
- Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | - David Krysztof
- Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | - Susan L Stramer
- Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | - Jean K Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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3
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Rouers A, Chng MHY, Lee B, Rajapakse MP, Kaur K, Toh YX, Sathiakumar D, Loy T, Thein TL, Lim VW, Singhal A, Yeo TW, Leo YS, Vora KA, Casimiro D, Lim B, Tucker-Kellogg L, Rivino L, Newell EW, Fink K. Immune cell phenotypes associated with disease severity and long-term neutralizing antibody titers after natural dengue virus infection. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE 2021; 2:100278. [PMID: 34095880 PMCID: PMC8149372 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prior immunological exposure to dengue virus can be both protective and disease-enhancing during subsequent infections with different dengue virus serotypes. We provide here a systematic, longitudinal analysis of B cell, T cell, and antibody responses in the same patients. Antibody responses as well as T and B cell activation differentiate primary from secondary responses. Hospitalization is associated with lower frequencies of activated, terminally differentiated T cells and higher percentages of effector memory CD4 T cells. Patients with more severe disease tend to have higher percentages of plasmablasts. This does not translate into long-term antibody titers, since neutralizing titers after 6 months correlate with percentages of specific memory B cells, but not with acute plasmablast activation. Overall, our unbiased analysis reveals associations between cellular profiles and disease severity, opening opportunities to study immunopathology in dengue disease and the potential predictive value of these parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeline Rouers
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
- A∗STAR ID Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138468, Singapore
| | - Melissa Hui Yen Chng
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Bernett Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Menaka P. Rajapakse
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Kaval Kaur
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Ying Xiu Toh
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Durgalakshmi Sathiakumar
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Thomas Loy
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
- A∗STAR ID Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138468, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Tun-Linn Thein
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore 308442, Singapore
| | - Vanessa W.X. Lim
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore 308442, Singapore
| | - Amit Singhal
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
- A∗STAR ID Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138468, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Tsin Wen Yeo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Yee-Sin Leo
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore 308442, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Kalpit A. Vora
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines Research, Merck, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Danilo Casimiro
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines Research, Merck, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Bing Lim
- Merck Sharp & Dohme Translational Medicine Research Centre, 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Lisa Tucker-Kellogg
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, and Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Laura Rivino
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Evan W. Newell
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Katja Fink
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
- Corresponding author
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Coronel-MartÍnez DL, Park J, López-Medina E, Capeding MR, Cadena Bonfanti AA, Montalbán MC, Ramírez I, Gonzales MLA, DiazGranados CA, Zambrano B, Dayan G, Savarino S, Chen Z, Wang H, Sun S, Bonaparte M, Rojas A, Ramírez JC, Verdan MA, Noriega F. Immunogenicity and safety of simplified vaccination schedules for the CYD-TDV dengue vaccine in healthy individuals aged 9-50 years (CYD65): a randomised, controlled, phase 2, non-inferiority study. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020; 21:517-528. [PMID: 33212067 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30767-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three doses of the licensed tetravalent dengue vaccine CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia, Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon France) are immunogenic and effective against symptomatic dengue in individuals aged 9 years and older who are dengue seropositive. Previous trials have provided some evidence that antibody responses elicited after just one dose or two doses of CYD-TDV might be similar to those elicited after three doses. We compared antibody responses following one-dose, two-dose, and three-dose vaccination regimens in individuals who were dengue seropositive at baseline up to 1 year after the last injection. METHODS In this randomised, controlled, phase 2, non-inferiority study (CYD65), healthy individuals aged 9-50 years were recruited from the community in three sites in Colombia and three sites in the Philippines. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1), using a permuted block method with stratification by site and age group, to receive, at 6-month intervals (on day 0, month 6, and month 12), three doses of CYD-TDV (three-dose group), one dose of placebo (on day 0) and two doses of CYD-TDV (at months 6 and 12; two-dose group), or two doses of placebo (on day 0 and month 6) and one dose of CYD-TDV (at month 12; one-dose group). Each dose of CYD-TDV was 0·5 mL, administered subcutaneously into the deltoid of the upper arm. Participants, study staff, investigators, and the funder were masked to group assignment. The co-primary endpoints were geometric mean titres (GMTs) of neutralising antibodies against each dengue virus serotype at 28 days and 1 year after the last vaccine injection. After a protocol amendment during the conduct of the study, the original co-primary objectives of non-inferiority of the one-dose and two-dose groups to the three-dose group were altered to include non-inferiority of the two-dose group to the three-dose group only, to be assessed in individuals who were dengue seropositive at baseline. Non-inferiority was shown if the lower limit of the 95% CI for the ratio of GMTs (GMR) at 28 days and 1 year between groups was more than 0·5 for each serotype. The analysis of the coprimary objectives was done in the per-protocol analysis dataset, which included all participants who had been vaccinated, had no protocol deviations, and had a valid serology test result for at least one dengue serotype at 28 days after the third injection. Safety was assessed throughout in all participants who received at least one injection of study drug, regardless of serostatus. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02628444, and is closed to accrual. FINDINGS Between May 2, 2016, and Sept 16, 2016, we recruited and enrolled 1050 individuals, of whom 1048 received at least one injection and 993 had at least one blood sample taken (full-analysis dataset; 333 in three-dose group, 328 in two-dose group, and 332 in one-dose group). 860 (86·6%) of 993 participants in the full-analysis dataset were dengue seropositive at baseline. Non-inferiority (two dose vs three dose) was shown for each serotype at both 28 days and 1 year among dengue-seropositive participants (number of participants assessed: 272 [two-dose group], 265 [three-dose group] at 28 days; and 190 [two-dose group], 185 [three-dose group] at 1 year). At 28 days after the last injection, neutralising antibody GMTs were 899 (95% CI 752-1075) in the two-dose group versus 822 (700-964) in the three dose group against dengue serotype 1 (GMR 1·09 [95% CI 0·86-1·39]); 869 (754-1002) versus 875 (770-995) against serotype 2 (GMR 0·99 [0·82-1·20]); 599 (524-685) versus 610 (535-694) against serotype 3 (GMR 0·98 [0·82-1·18]); and 510 (453-575) versus 531 (470-601) against serotype 4 (GMR 0·96 [0·81-1·14]). At year 1, GMTs had decreased but remained above baseline for all serotypes: 504 (95% CI 403-630) in the two-dose group versus 490 (398-604) in the three-dose group against serotype 1 (GMR 1·03 [0·76-1·40]); 737 (611-888) versus 821 (704-957) against serotype 2 (GMR 0·90 [0·71-1·14]); 437 (368-519) versus 477 (405-561) against serotype 3 (GMR 0·92 [0·72-1·16]); and 238 (205-277) versus 270 (235-310) against serotype 4 (GMR 0·88 [0·72-1·09]). Reactogenicity profiles were similar across treatment groups. Most unsolicited adverse events after any injection were non-serious and systemic in nature. During the study, 60 serious adverse events were reported in 58 participants (14 in three-dose group, 26 in two-dose group, 18 in one-dose group), mostly infection and infestations or injury, poisoning, and procedural complications. No serious adverse events of special interest or admissions to hospital for dengue occurred. Two deaths occurred, unrelated to study treatment. INTERPRETATION A two-dose CYD-TDV regimen might be an alternative to the licensed three-dose regimen in individuals who are dengue seropositive at baseline and aged 9 years and older. Vaccination with a reduced number of doses could lead to improved vaccine compliance and coverage, especially in low-resource settings. FUNDING Sanofi Pasteur.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eduardo López-Medina
- Centro de Estudios en Infectología Pediátrica, Universidad del Valle and Centro Médico Imbanaco, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - María Rosario Capeding
- Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Filinvest Corporate City, Alabang, Muntinlupa, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | | | | | - Isabel Ramírez
- Infectious Diseases, Internal Medicine, Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hao Wang
- Sanofi Pasteur, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
| | - Sunny Sun
- Sanofi Pasteur, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
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Andrade P, Narvekar P, Montoya M, Michlmayr D, Balmaseda A, Coloma J, Harris E. Primary and Secondary Dengue Virus Infections Elicit Similar Memory B-Cell Responses, but Breadth to Other Serotypes and Cross-Reactivity to Zika Virus Is Higher in Secondary Dengue. J Infect Dis 2020; 222:590-600. [PMID: 32193549 PMCID: PMC7377287 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 4 antigenically distinct serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) share extensive homology with each other and with the closely related Zika flavivirus (ZIKV). The development of polyclonal memory B cells (MBCs) to the 4 DENV serotypes and ZIKV during DENV infection is not fully understood. METHODS In this study, we analyzed polyclonal MBCs at the single-cell level from peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected ~2 weeks or 6-7 months postprimary or postsecondary DENV infection from a pediatric hospital-based study in Nicaragua using a Multi-Color FluoroSpot assay. RESULTS Dengue virus elicits robust type-specific and cross-reactive MBC responses after primary and secondary DENV infection, with a significantly higher cross-reactive response in both. Reactivity to the infecting serotype dominated the total MBC response. Although the frequency and proportion of type-specific and cross-reactive MBCs were comparable between primary and secondary DENV infections, within the cross-reactive response, the breadth of MBC responses against different serotypes was greater after secondary DENV infection. Dengue virus infection also induced cross-reactive MBC responses recognizing ZIKV, particularly after secondary DENV infection. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study sheds light on the polyclonal MBC response to DENV and ZIKV in naive and DENV-preimmune subjects, with important implications for natural infections and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Andrade
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Parnal Narvekar
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Magelda Montoya
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Daniela Michlmayr
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Angel Balmaseda
- Laboratorio Nacional de Virología, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministerio de Salud, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Josefina Coloma
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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6
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Wilken L, Rimmelzwaan GF. Adaptive Immunity to Dengue Virus: Slippery Slope or Solid Ground for Rational Vaccine Design? Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9060470. [PMID: 32549226 PMCID: PMC7350362 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9060470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The four serotypes of dengue virus are the most widespread causes of arboviral disease, currently placing half of the human population at risk of infection. Pre-existing immunity to one dengue virus serotype can predispose to severe disease following secondary infection with a different serotype. The phenomenon of immune enhancement has complicated vaccine development and likely explains the poor long-term safety profile of a recently licenced dengue vaccine. Therefore, alternative vaccine strategies should be considered. This review summarises studies dissecting the adaptive immune responses to dengue virus infection and (experimental) vaccination. In particular, we discuss the roles of (i) neutralising antibodies, (ii) antibodies to non-structural protein 1, and (iii) T cells in protection and pathogenesis. We also address how these findings could translate into next-generation vaccine approaches that mitigate the risk of enhanced dengue disease. Finally, we argue that the development of a safe and efficacious dengue vaccine is an attainable goal.
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Slon Campos JL, Poggianella M, Burrone OR. Long-term stability of antibody responses elicited by Dengue virus envelope DIII-based DNA vaccines. J Gen Virol 2018; 99:1078-1085. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. L. Slon Campos
- ‡Present address: Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Molecular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - M. Poggianella
- Molecular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - O. R. Burrone
- Molecular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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Züst R, Li SH, Xie X, Velumani S, Chng M, Toh YX, Zou J, Dong H, Shan C, Pang J, Qin CF, Newell EW, Shi PY, Fink K. Characterization of a candidate tetravalent vaccine based on 2'-O-methyltransferase mutants. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0189262. [PMID: 29298302 PMCID: PMC5751980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most widespread arboviruses. The four DENV serotypes infect about 400 million people every year, causing 96 million clinical dengue cases, of which approximately 500’000 are severe and potentially life-threatening. The only licensed vaccine has a limited efficacy and is only recommended in regions with high endemicity. We previously reported that 2’-O-methyltransferase mutations in DENV-1 and DENV-2 block their capacity to inhibit type I IFNs and render the viruses attenuated in vivo, making them amenable as vaccine strains; here we apply this strategy to all four DENV serotypes to generate a tetravalent, non-chimeric live-attenuated dengue vaccine. 2’-O-methyltransferase mutants of all four serotypes are highly sensitive to type I IFN inhibition in human cells. The tetravalent formulation is attenuated and immunogenic in mice and cynomolgus macaques and elicits a response that protects from virus challenge. These results show the potential of 2’-O-methyltransferase mutant viruses as a safe, tetravalent, non-chimeric dengue vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Züst
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi-Hua Li
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Chromos, Singapore, Singapore
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuping Xie
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Chromos, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sumathy Velumani
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melissa Chng
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying-Xiu Toh
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Zou
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Chromos, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - Hongping Dong
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Chromos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chao Shan
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Chromos, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - Jassia Pang
- Biological Resource Centre, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Evan W. Newell
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pei-Yong Shi
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Chromos, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
- Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KF); (PYS)
| | - Katja Fink
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (KF); (PYS)
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Friberg H, Mathew A. Detection, phenotyping and quantification of dengue virus-specific B cells using fluorescent probes. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:2780-2784. [PMID: 28604254 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1322747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue viruses are some of the most important mosquito-borne pathogens worldwide. They cause illness in 50-100 million individuals per year and have a significant global health impact in low- and middle-income countries. It is important to improve our understanding of the humoral response to dengue virus, as antibodies (Abs) are associated with protection from or susceptibility to severe dengue disease. In recent years, significant advances have been made toward identifying Ab targets and evaluating the functional properties of Abs. However, much less is known about the cellular source of Abs, B cells, in part because the reagents to phenotype and characterize antigen-specific B cells have been challenging to develop. Here, we discuss our recent experience with developing and using fluorescent viruses to probe the B cell response to dengue virus. We present the strengths and weaknesses of flow cytometric analysis of antigen-specific B cells and discuss the use of these probes to phenotype and characterize specific B cells during and after natural infection and in ongoing dengue vaccine trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Friberg
- a Viral Diseases Branch , Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring , MD , USA
| | - Anuja Mathew
- b Institute for Immunology and Informatics , University of Rhode Island , Providence , RI , USA
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10
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González Morales N, Núñez-López M, Ramos-Castañeda J, Velasco-Hernández J. Transmission dynamics of two dengue serotypes with vaccination scenarios. Math Biosci 2017; 287:54-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Chaudhury S, Gromowski GD, Ripoll DR, Khavrutskii IV, Desai V, Wallqvist A. Dengue virus antibody database: Systematically linking serotype-specificity with epitope mapping in dengue virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005395. [PMID: 28222130 PMCID: PMC5336305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A majority infections caused by dengue virus (DENV) are asymptomatic, but a higher incidence of severe illness, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever, is associated with secondary infections, suggesting that pre-existing immunity plays a central role in dengue pathogenesis. Primary infections are typically associated with a largely serotype-specific antibody response, while secondary infections show a shift to a broadly cross-reactive antibody response. Methods/Principal findings We hypothesized that the basis for the shift in serotype-specificity between primary and secondary infections can be found in a change in the antibody fine-specificity. To investigate the link between epitope- and serotype-specificity, we assembled the Dengue Virus Antibody Database, an online repository containing over 400 DENV-specific mAbs, each annotated with information on 1) its origin, including the immunogen, host immune history, and selection methods, 2) binding/neutralization data against all four DENV serotypes, and 3) epitope mapping at the domain or residue level to the DENV E protein. We combined epitope mapping and activity information to determine a residue-level index of epitope propensity and cross-reactivity and generated detailed composite epitope maps of primary and secondary antibody responses. We found differing patterns of epitope-specificity between primary and secondary infections, where secondary responses target a distinct subset of epitopes found in the primary response. We found that secondary infections were marked with an enhanced response to cross-reactive epitopes, such as the fusion-loop and E-dimer region, as well as increased cross-reactivity in what are typically more serotype-specific epitope regions, such as the domain I-II interface and domain III. Conclusions/Significance Our results support the theory that pre-existing cross-reactive memory B cells form the basis for the secondary antibody response, resulting in a broadening of the response in terms of cross-reactivity, and a focusing of the response to a subset of epitopes, including some, such as the fusion-loop region, that are implicated in poor neutralization and antibody-dependent enhancement of infection. Dengue virus (DENV) infections are typically asymptomatic, but severe and potentially lethal disease symptoms, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever, are associated with secondary infections. This suggests that pre-existing immunity from primary infection plays a central role in DENV pathogenesis. In order to characterize the antibody response in primary and secondary infections, we assembled the Dengue Virus Antibody Database, a freely accessible online repository (http://denvabdb.bhsai.org) storing over 400 unique monoclonal dengue-specific antibodies annotated by their 1) origin and host immune history, 2) activity information against all four dengue serotypes, and 3) epitope mapping information. Here we demonstrate the utility of the database by carrying out a large-scale analysis to characterize shifts in epitope fine-specificity and serotype cross-reactivity in primary and secondary infections. In particular, we show how the antibody response in secondary infections displays a systematic shift towards increased serotype cross-reactivity by focusing on a subset of cross-reactive epitopes on the dengue E protein. Our findings suggest a mechanistic basis for this shift in epitope and serotype specificity and demonstrate how a detailed understanding of the antibody response can provide insight into the mechanisms of dengue pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhartha Chaudhury
- Biotechnology HPC Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Gregory D. Gromowski
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daniel R. Ripoll
- Biotechnology HPC Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ilja V. Khavrutskii
- Biotechnology HPC Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Valmik Desai
- Biotechnology HPC Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anders Wallqvist
- Biotechnology HPC Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
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12
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Xu M, Zuest R, Velumani S, Tukijan F, Toh YX, Appanna R, Tan EY, Cerny D, MacAry P, Wang CI, Fink K. A potent neutralizing antibody with therapeutic potential against all four serotypes of dengue virus. NPJ Vaccines 2017; 2:2. [PMID: 29263863 PMCID: PMC5627287 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-016-0003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A therapy for dengue is still elusive. We describe the neutralizing and protective capacity of a dengue serotype-cross-reactive antibody isolated from the plasmablasts of a patient. Antibody SIgN-3C neutralized all four dengue virus serotypes at nano to picomolar concentrations and significantly decreased viremia of all serotypes in adult mice when given 2 days after infection. Moreover, mice were protected from pathology and death from a lethal dengue virus-2 infection. To avoid potential Fc-mediated uptake of immune complexes and ensuing enhanced infection, we introduced a LALA mutation in the Fc part. SIgN-3C-LALA was as efficient as the non-modified antibody in neutralizing dengue virus and in protecting mice while antibody-dependent enhancement was completely abrogated. The epitope of the antibody includes conserved amino acids in all three domains of the glycoprotein, which can explain its cross-reactivity. SIgN-3C-LALA neutralizes dengue virus both pre and post-attachment to host cells. These attributes likely contribute to the remarkable protective capacity of SIgN-3C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihui Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roland Zuest
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sumathy Velumani
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Farhana Tukijan
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Xiu Toh
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ramapraba Appanna
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ern Yu Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniela Cerny
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paul MacAry
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng-I Wang
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Katja Fink
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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13
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Appanna R, Kg S, Xu MH, Toh YX, Velumani S, Carbajo D, Lee CY, Zuest R, Balakrishnan T, Xu W, Lee B, Poidinger M, Zolezzi F, Leo YS, Thein TL, Wang CI, Fink K. Plasmablasts During Acute Dengue Infection Represent a Small Subset of a Broader Virus-specific Memory B Cell Pool. EBioMedicine 2016; 12:178-188. [PMID: 27628668 PMCID: PMC5078588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue is endemic in tropical countries worldwide and the four dengue virus serotypes often co-circulate. Infection with one serotype results in high titers of cross-reactive antibodies produced by plasmablasts, protecting temporarily against all serotypes, but impairing protective immunity in subsequent infections. To understand the development of these plasmablasts, we analyzed virus-specific B cell properties in patients during acute disease and at convalescence. Plasmablasts were unrelated to classical memory cells expanding in the blood during early recovery. We propose that only a small subset of memory B cells is activated as plasmablasts during repeat infection and that plasmablast responses are not representative of the memory B cell repertoire after dengue infection. Antibody sequences and functions were analyzed in longitudinal acute and convalescent samples from dengue patients Plasmablast antibodies were virus glycoprotein-specific whereas memory B cell-derived antibodies bound to more viral proteins plasmablasts seem to be activated from only a small subset of memory B cells
Antibody-mediated immune memory is orchestrated by various B cell types that are relevant during different phases after an infection. Antibody-secreting cells or so-called plasmablasts are generated from activated specific memory B cell a few days after re-infection. However, little in known whether the antibodies produced by these plasmablasts are relevant for protection in humans and whether the parent memory B cells are further maintained in the memory pool, possibly as affinity-matured versions of the original clones. This is important in the context of vaccination since the repertoires of individual B cell subsets could represent biomarkers to assess efficacy and long-term protection. In addition, the generation of “protective” B cell subsets could potentially be influenced by vaccine design and by the use of adjuvants. We studied the relationship of plasmablasts and memory B cells in longitudinal blood samples from dengue patients. Dengue virus (DENV) has four serotypes and pre-existing antibodies can be cross-protective or can enhance disease after a heterologous infection via Fc-gamma-receptor-mediated uptake of virus-antibody complexes. B cell memory can therefore be both beneficial and detrimental. Here we studied plasmablasts and DENV-specific memory B cells and their relationship and protective potential by assessing antibody sequences and monoclonal antibodies. We found that both populations produced largely serotype cross-neutralizing antibodies, whereas more plasmablast antibodies were neutralizing. Few plasmablast clones could be found in the memory pool, suggesting that only a subset of memory B cells is activated during acute disease and that a separate repertoire of cells is retained as longer-term memory. In this study we started to dissect the complexity of B cell immune memory to dengue infection and the finding can inform further investigations into which immune cell subsets are disease-enhancing after a heterologous infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mei Hui Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Weili Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Bernett Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore
| | | | | | - Yee Sin Leo
- Communicable Disease Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tun Linn Thein
- Communicable Disease Centre, Institute of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Katja Fink
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore.
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14
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B Cell Responses during Secondary Dengue Virus Infection Are Dominated by Highly Cross-Reactive, Memory-Derived Plasmablasts. J Virol 2016; 90:5574-85. [PMID: 27030262 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.03203-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Dengue virus (DENV) infection results in the production of both type-specific and cross-neutralizing antibodies. While immunity to the infecting serotype is long-lived, heterotypic immunity wanes a few months after infection. Epidemiological studies link secondary heterotypic infections with more severe symptoms, and cross-reactive, poorly neutralizing antibodies have been implicated in this increased disease severity. To understand the cellular and functional properties of the acute dengue virus B cell response and its role in protection and immunopathology, we characterized the plasmablast response in four secondary DENV type 2 (DENV2) patients. Dengue plasmablasts had high degrees of somatic hypermutation, with a clear preference for replacement mutations. Clonal expansions were also present in each donor, strongly supporting a memory origin for these acutely induced cells. We generated 53 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) from sorted patient plasmablasts and found that DENV-reactive MAbs were largely envelope specific and cross neutralizing. Many more MAbs neutralized DENV than reacted to envelope protein, emphasizing the significance of virion-dependent B cell epitopes and the limitations of envelope protein-based antibody screening. A majority of DENV-reactive MAbs, irrespective of neutralization potency, enhanced infection by antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Interestingly, even though DENV2 was the infecting serotype in all four patients, several MAbs from two patients neutralized DENV1 more potently than DENV2. Further, half of all type-specific neutralizing MAbs were also DENV1 biased in binding. Taken together, these findings are reminiscent of original antigenic sin (OAS), given that the patients had prior dengue virus exposures. These data describe the ongoing B cell response in secondary patients and may further our understanding of the impact of antibodies in dengue virus pathogenesis. IMPORTANCE In addition to their role in protection, antibody responses have been hypothesized to contribute to the pathology of dengue. Recent studies characterizing memory B cell (MBC)-derived MAbs have provided valuable insight into the targets and functions of B cell responses generated after DENV exposure. However, in the case of secondary infections, such MBC-based approaches fail to distinguish acutely induced cells from the preexisting MBC pool. Our characterization of plasmablasts and plasmablast-derived MAbs provides a focused analysis of B cell responses activated during ongoing infection. Additionally, our studies provide evidence of OAS in the acute-phase dengue virus immune response, providing a basis for future work examining the impact of OAS phenotype antibodies on protective immunity and disease severity in secondary infections.
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15
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Velumani S, Toh YX, Balasingam S, Archuleta S, Leo YS, Gan VC, Thein TL, Wilder-Smith A, Fink K. Low antibody titers 5 years after vaccination with the CYD-TDV dengue vaccine in both pre-immune and naïve vaccinees. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 12:1265-73. [PMID: 26889737 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1126012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most widespread vector-borne viruses. Dengue disease affects populations in endemic areas and, increasingly, tourists who travel to these countries, but there is currently no approved vaccine for dengue. A phase 3 efficacy trial with Sanofi-Pasteur's recombinant, live-attenuated, tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) conducted in South East Asia showed an overall efficacy of 56% against virologically confirmed dengue infections of any severity and any of the 4 serotypes, but the long-term protection of the vaccine has yet to be demonstrated. To address longevity of antibody titers and B cell memory, we recalled study participants from an earlier CYD immunogenicity study (Phase 2) conducted in Singapore that enrolled healthy volunteers in the year 2009. Depending on the age group, 57-84% of the participants initially generated a neutralizing antibody titer ≥ 10 to all 4 DENV serotypes 28 d after the third and final dose. We observed very low antibody titers in blood samples collected from 23 vaccinees 5 y after the first dose, particularly titers of antibodies binding to virus particles compared with those binding to recombinant E protein. The in vivo efficacy of plasma antibodies against DENV-2 challenge was also tested in a mouse model, which found that only 2 out of 23 samples were able to reduce viremia. Although the sample size is too small for general conclusions, dengue immune memory after vaccination with CYD-TDV appears relatively low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumathy Velumani
- a Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology (A*STAR) , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Ying Xiu Toh
- a Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology (A*STAR) , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Shobana Balasingam
- b Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Sophia Archuleta
- c Division of Infectious Diseases, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital , Singapore , Singapore.,d Department of Medicine , Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Yee Sin Leo
- e Communicable Disease Center, Institute of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital , Singapore , Singapore.,f Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Victor C Gan
- e Communicable Disease Center, Institute of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Tun Linn Thein
- e Communicable Disease Center, Institute of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Annelies Wilder-Smith
- b Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Katja Fink
- a Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology (A*STAR) , Singapore , Singapore.,b Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore , Singapore
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16
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Guy B, Jackson N. Dengue vaccine: hypotheses to understand CYD-TDV-induced protection. Nat Rev Microbiol 2015; 14:45-54. [PMID: 26639777 DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro.2015.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is a human pathogen with a large impact on public health. Although no vaccine against DENV is currently licensed, a recombinant vaccine - chimeric yellow fever virus-DENV tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) - has shown efficacy against symptomatic dengue disease in two recent Phase III clinical trials. Safety observations were also recently reported for these trials. In this Opinion article, we review the data from recent vaccine clinical trials and discuss the putative mechanisms behind the observed efficacy of the vaccine against different forms of the disease, focusing on the interactions between the infecting virus, pre-existing host immunity and vaccine-induced immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Guy
- Sanofi Pasteur, Research &Development, 2 Avenue du Pont Pasteur, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Nicholas Jackson
- Sanofi Pasteur, Research &Development, 2 Avenue du Pont Pasteur, 69007 Lyon, France
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17
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Ji GH, Deng YQ, Yu XJ, Jiang T, Wang HJ, Shi X, Zhang DP, Li XF, Zhu SY, Zhao H, Dai JX, Qin CF, Guo YJ. Characterization of a Novel Dengue Serotype 4 Virus-Specific Neutralizing Epitope on the Envelope Protein Domain III. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139741. [PMID: 26430770 PMCID: PMC4592203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The dengue virus (DENV) envelope protein domain III (ED3) has been suggested to contain receptor recognition sites and the critical neutralizing epitopes. Up to date, relatively little work has been done on fine mapping of neutralizing epitopes on ED3 for DENV4. In this study, a novel mouse type-specific neutralizing antibody 1G6 against DENV4 was obtained with both prophylactic and therapeutic effects. The epitope was mapped to residues 387-390 of DENV4 envelope protein. Furthermore, site-directed mutagenesis assay identified two critical residues (T388 and H390). The epitope is variable among different DENV serotypes but is highly conserved among four DENV4 genotypes. Affinity measurement showed that naturally occurring variations in ED3 outside the epitope region did not alter the binding of mAb 1G6. These findings expand our understanding of the interactions between neutralizing antibodies and the DENV4 and may be valuable for rational design of DENV vaccines and antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Ji
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Navy General Hospital, Beijing, China
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Yu
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hua-Jing Wang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Shi
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Peng Zhang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shun-Ya Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Xin Dai
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Jun Guo
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Katzelnick LC, Fonville JM, Gromowski GD, Bustos Arriaga J, Green A, James SL, Lau L, Montoya M, Wang C, VanBlargan LA, Russell CA, Thu HM, Pierson TC, Buchy P, Aaskov JG, Muñoz-Jordán JL, Vasilakis N, Gibbons RV, Tesh RB, Osterhaus ADME, Fouchier RAM, Durbin A, Simmons CP, Holmes EC, Harris E, Whitehead SS, Smith DJ. Dengue viruses cluster antigenically but not as discrete serotypes. Science 2015; 349:1338-43. [PMID: 26383952 PMCID: PMC4876809 DOI: 10.1126/science.aac5017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The four genetically divergent dengue virus (DENV) types are traditionally classified as serotypes. Antigenic and genetic differences among the DENV types influence disease outcome, vaccine-induced protection, epidemic magnitude, and viral evolution. We characterized antigenic diversity in the DENV types by antigenic maps constructed from neutralizing antibody titers obtained from African green monkeys and after human vaccination and natural infections. Genetically, geographically, and temporally, diverse DENV isolates clustered loosely by type, but we found that many are as similar antigenically to a virus of a different type as to some viruses of the same type. Primary infection antisera did not neutralize all viruses of the same DENV type any better than other types did up to 2 years after infection and did not show improved neutralization to homologous type isolates. That the canonical DENV types are not antigenically homogeneous has implications for vaccination and research on the dynamics of immunity, disease, and the evolution of DENV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah C Katzelnick
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Modeling, Evolution, and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Judith M Fonville
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Modeling, Evolution, and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3015 GE, Netherlands
| | - Gregory D Gromowski
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jose Bustos Arriaga
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Angela Green
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Sarah L James
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Modeling, Evolution, and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Louis Lau
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Magelda Montoya
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Chunling Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Laura A VanBlargan
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Colin A Russell
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Hlaing Myat Thu
- Department of Medical Research, Ziwaka Road, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Theodore C Pierson
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Philippe Buchy
- Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur, Phnom Penh 12201, Cambodia
| | - John G Aaskov
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Australia. Australian Army Malaria Institute, Brisbane 4051, Australia
| | - Jorge L Muñoz-Jordán
- Dengue Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan 00971, Puerto Rico
| | - Nikos Vasilakis
- Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Robert V Gibbons
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Robert B Tesh
- Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | | | - Ron A M Fouchier
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3015 GE, Netherlands
| | - Anna Durbin
- Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Cameron P Simmons
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Edward C Holmes
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Biological Sciences and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Stephen S Whitehead
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Derek J Smith
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Modeling, Evolution, and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3015 GE, Netherlands.
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