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Szabó D, Franke V, Bianco S, Batiuk MY, Paul EJ, Kukalev A, Pfisterer UG, Irastorza-Azcarate I, Chiariello AM, Demharter S, Zea-Redondo L, Lopez-Atalaya JP, Nicodemi M, Akalin A, Khodosevich K, Ungless MA, Winick-Ng W, Pombo A. A single dose of cocaine rewires the 3D genome structure of midbrain dopamine neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.10.593308. [PMID: 38766140 PMCID: PMC11100777 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.10.593308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Midbrain dopamine neurons (DNs) respond to a first exposure to addictive drugs and play key roles in chronic drug usage1-3. As the synaptic and transcriptional changes that follow an acute cocaine exposure are mostly resolved within a few days4,5, the molecular changes that encode the long-term cellular memory of the exposure within DNs remain unknown. To investigate whether a single cocaine exposure induces long-term changes in the 3D genome structure of DNs, we applied Genome Architecture Mapping and single nucleus transcriptomic analyses in the mouse midbrain. We found extensive rewiring of 3D genome architecture at 24 hours past exposure which remains or worsens by 14 days, outlasting transcriptional responses. The cocaine-induced chromatin rewiring occurs at all genomic scales and affects genes with major roles in cocaine-induced synaptic changes. A single cocaine exposure triggers extensive long-lasting changes in chromatin condensation in post-synaptic and post-transcriptional regulatory genes, for example the unfolding of Rbfox1 which becomes most prominent 14 days post exposure. Finally, structurally remodeled genes are most expressed in a specific DN sub-type characterized by low expression of the dopamine auto-receptor Drd2, a key feature of highly cocaine-sensitive cells. These results reveal an important role for long-lasting 3D genome remodelling in the cellular memory of a single cocaine exposure, providing new hypotheses for understanding the inception of drug addiction and 3D genome plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Szabó
- Max-Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Architecture Group, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vedran Franke
- Bioinformatics & Omics Data Science platform, Max-Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simona Bianco
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli Federico II, and INFN Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Mykhailo Y. Batiuk
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Eleanor J. Paul
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), London W12 0HS, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alexander Kukalev
- Max-Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Architecture Group, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich G. Pfisterer
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Ibai Irastorza-Azcarate
- Max-Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Architecture Group, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea M. Chiariello
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli Federico II, and INFN Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Samuel Demharter
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Luna Zea-Redondo
- Max-Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Architecture Group, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jose P. Lopez-Atalaya
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UMH-CSIC), 03550, Sant Joan d’Alacant, Spain
| | - Mario Nicodemi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli Federico II, and INFN Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Altuna Akalin
- Bioinformatics & Omics Data Science platform, Max-Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantin Khodosevich
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Mark A. Ungless
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), London W12 0HS, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Warren Winick-Ng
- Max-Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Architecture Group, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ana Pombo
- Max-Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Architecture Group, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Kunachowicz D, Król-Kulikowska M, Raczycka W, Sleziak J, Błażejewska M, Kulbacka J. Heat Shock Proteins, a Double-Edged Sword: Significance in Cancer Progression, Chemotherapy Resistance and Novel Therapeutic Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1500. [PMID: 38672583 PMCID: PMC11048091 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are involved in one of the adaptive mechanisms protecting cells against environmental and metabolic stress. Moreover, the large role of these proteins in the carcinogenesis process, as well as in chemoresistance, was noticed. This review aims to draw attention to the possibilities of using Hsps in developing new cancer therapy methods, as well as to indicate directions for future research on this topic. In order to discuss this matter, a thorough review of the latest scientific literature was carried out, taking into account the importance of selected proteins from the Hsp family, including Hsp27, Hsp40, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90 and Hsp110. One of the more characteristic features of all Hsps is that they play a multifaceted role in cancer progression, which makes them an obvious target for modern anticancer therapy. Some researchers emphasize the importance of directly inhibiting the action of these proteins. In turn, others point to their possible use in the design of cancer vaccines, which would work by inducing an immune response in various types of cancer. Due to these possibilities, it is believed that the use of Hsps may contribute to the progress of oncoimmunology, and thus help in the development of modern anticancer therapies, which would be characterized by higher effectiveness and lower toxicity to the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Kunachowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (M.K.-K.)
| | - Magdalena Król-Kulikowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (M.K.-K.)
| | - Wiktoria Raczycka
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.R.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Jakub Sleziak
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.R.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Marta Błażejewska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.R.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine Santariškių g. 5, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- DIVE IN AI, 53-307 Wroclaw, Poland
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Papadopoulou D, Mavrikaki V, Charalampous F, Tzaferis C, Samiotaki M, Papavasileiou KD, Afantitis A, Karagianni N, Denis MC, Sanchez J, Lane JR, Faidon Brotzakis Z, Skretas G, Georgiadis D, Matralis AN, Kollias G. Discovery of the First-in-Class Inhibitors of Hypoxia Up-Regulated Protein 1 (HYOU1) Suppressing Pathogenic Fibroblast Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319157. [PMID: 38339863 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Fibroblasts are key regulators of inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer. Targeting their activation in these complex diseases has emerged as a novel strategy to restore tissue homeostasis. Here, we present a multidisciplinary lead discovery approach to identify and optimize small molecule inhibitors of pathogenic fibroblast activation. The study encompasses medicinal chemistry, molecular phenotyping assays, chemoproteomics, bulk RNA-sequencing analysis, target validation experiments, and chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET)/pharmacokinetic (PK)/in vivo evaluation. The parallel synthesis employed for the production of the new benzamide derivatives enabled us to a) pinpoint key structural elements of the scaffold that provide potent fibroblast-deactivating effects in cells, b) discriminate atoms or groups that favor or disfavor a desirable ADMET profile, and c) identify metabolic "hot spots". Furthermore, we report the discovery of the first-in-class inhibitor leads for hypoxia up-regulated protein 1 (HYOU1), a member of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family often associated with cellular stress responses, particularly under hypoxic conditions. Targeting HYOU1 may therefore represent a potentially novel strategy to modulate fibroblast activation and treat chronic inflammatory and fibrotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Papadopoulou
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Mavrikaki
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, 16672, Athens, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Filippos Charalampous
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Christos Tzaferis
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Martina Samiotaki
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Konstantinos D Papavasileiou
- Department of ChemoInformatics, Novamechanics Ltd., 1070, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Chemoinformatics, Novamechanics MIKE, 18545, Piraeus, Greece
- Division of Data Driven Innovation, Entelos Institute, 6059, Larnaca, Cyprus
| | - Antreas Afantitis
- Department of ChemoInformatics, Novamechanics Ltd., 1070, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Chemoinformatics, Novamechanics MIKE, 18545, Piraeus, Greece
- Division of Data Driven Innovation, Entelos Institute, 6059, Larnaca, Cyprus
| | | | | | - Julie Sanchez
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH, Nottingham, U.K
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, NG2 7AG, Midlands, U.K
| | - J Robert Lane
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH, Nottingham, U.K
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, NG2 7AG, Midlands, U.K
| | - Zacharias Faidon Brotzakis
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Georgios Skretas
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Georgiadis
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios N Matralis
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - George Kollias
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
- Research Institute of New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
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Tausif YM, Thekkekkara D, Sai TE, Jahagirdar V, Arjun HR, Meheronnisha SK, Babu A, Banerjee A. Heat shock protein paradigms in cancer progression: future therapeutic perspectives. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:96. [PMID: 38449709 PMCID: PMC10912419 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock proteins (HSPs), also known as stress proteins, are ubiquitously present in all forms of life. They play pivotal roles in protein folding and unfolding, the formation of multiprotein complexes, the transportation and sorting of proteins into their designated subcellular compartments, the regulation of the cell cycle, and signalling processes. These HSPs encompass HSP27, HSP40, HSP70, HSP60, and HSP90, each contributing to various cellular functions. In the context of cancer, HSPs exert influence by either inhibiting or activating diverse signalling pathways, thereby impacting growth, differentiation, and cell division. This article offers an extensive exploration of the functions of HSPs within the realms of pharmacology and cancer biology. HSPs are believed to play substantial roles in the mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of cancer. They hold promise as valuable clinical markers for cancer diagnosis, potential targets for therapeutic interventions, and indicators of disease progression. In times of cellular stress, HSPs function as molecular chaperones, safeguarding the structural and functional integrity of proteins and aiding in their proper folding. Moreover, HSPs play a crucial role in cancer growth, by regulating processes such as angiogenesis, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Mohammed Tausif
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - Dithu Thekkekkara
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - Thummuru Ekshita Sai
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - Vaishnavi Jahagirdar
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - H. R. Arjun
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - S. K. Meheronnisha
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - Amrita Babu
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - Aniruddha Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
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Czaja AJ. Introducing Molecular Chaperones into the Causality and Prospective Management of Autoimmune Hepatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:4098-4116. [PMID: 37755606 PMCID: PMC10570239 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08118-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones influence the immunogenicity of peptides and the activation of effector T cells, and their pathogenic roles in autoimmune hepatitis are unclear. Heat shock proteins are pivotal in the processing and presentation of peptides that activate CD8+ T cells. They can also induce regulatory B and T cells and promote immune tolerance. Tapasin and the transporter associated with antigen processing-binding protein influence the editing and loading of high-affinity peptides for presentation by class I molecules of the major histocompatibility complex. Their over-expression could enhance the autoimmune response, and their deficiency could weaken it. The lysosome-associated membrane protein-2a isoform in conjunction with heat shock cognate 70 supports the importation of cytosolic proteins into lysosomes. Chaperone-mediated autophagy can then process the peptides for activation of CD4+ T cells. Over-expression of autophagy in T cells may also eliminate negative regulators of their activity. The human leukocyte antigen B-associated transcript three facilitates the expression of class II peptide receptors, inhibits T cell apoptosis, prevents T cell exhaustion, and sustains the immune response. Immunization with heat shock proteins has induced immune tolerance in experimental models and humans with autoimmune disease by inducing regulatory T cells. Therapeutic manipulation of other molecular chaperones may promote T cell exhaustion and induce tolerogenic dendritic cells. In conclusion, molecular chaperones constitute an under-evaluated family of ancillary proteins that could affect the occurrence, severity, and outcome of autoimmune hepatitis. Clarification of their contributions to the immune mechanisms and clinical activity of autoimmune hepatitis could have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert J Czaja
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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Hu L, Sun C, Kidd JM, Han J, Fang X, Li H, Liu Q, May AE, Li Q, Zhou L, Liu Q. A first-in-class inhibitor of Hsp110 molecular chaperones of pathogenic fungi. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2745. [PMID: 37173314 PMCID: PMC10182041 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38220-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins of the Hsp110 family are molecular chaperones that play important roles in protein homeostasis in eukaryotes. The pathogenic fungus Candida albicans, which causes infections in humans, has a single Hsp110, termed Msi3. Here, we provide proof-of-principle evidence supporting fungal Hsp110s as targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. We identify a pyrazolo[3,4-b] pyridine derivative, termed HLQ2H (or 2H), that inhibits the biochemical and chaperone activities of Msi3, as well as the growth and viability of C. albicans. Moreover, the fungicidal activity of 2H correlates with its inhibition of in vivo protein folding. We propose 2H and related compounds as promising leads for development of new antifungals and as pharmacological tools for the study of the molecular mechanisms and functions of Hsp110s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Hu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cancan Sun
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Justin M Kidd
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Jizhong Han
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianjun Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Hongtao Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Qingdai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Aaron E May
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Qianbin Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qinglian Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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Liu M, Yang Y, Zhu W, Wu J, Yu X, Li W. Specific TLR-mediated HSP70 activation plays a potential role in host defense against the intestinal parasite Giardia duodenalis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1120048. [PMID: 36937289 PMCID: PMC10017776 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1120048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Giardia duodenalis, an important flagellated noninvasive protozoan parasite, infects the upper small intestine and causes a disease termed giardiasis globally. Few members of the heat shock protein (HSP) family have been shown to function as potential defenders against microbial pathogens, while such information is lacking for Giardia. Here we initially screened and indicated that in vitro Giardia challenge induced a marked early upregulation of HSP70 in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). As noted previously, apoptotic resistance, nitric oxide (NO)-dependent cytostatic effect and parasite clearance, and epithelial barrier integrity represent effective anti-Giardia host defense mechanisms. We then explored the function of HSP70 in modulating apoptosis, NO release, and tight junction (TJ) protein levels in Giardia-IEC interactions. HSP70 inhibition by quercetin promoted Giardia-induced IEC apoptosis, viability decrease, NO release reduction, and ZO-1 and occludin downregulation, while the agonist celastrol could reverse these Giardia-evoked effects. The results demonstrated that HSP70 played a previously unrecognized and important role in regulating anti-Giardia host defense via attenuating apoptosis, promoting cell survival, and maintaining NO and TJ levels. Owing to the significance of apoptotic resistance among those defense-related factors mentioned earlier, we then elucidated the anti-apoptotic mechanism of HSP70. It was evident that HSP70 could negatively regulate apoptosis in an intrinsic way via direct inhibition of Apaf-1 or ROS-Bax/Bcl-2-Apaf-1 axis, and in an extrinsic way via cIAP2-mediated inhibition of RIP1 activity. Most importantly, it was confirmed that HSP70 exerted its host defense function by downregulating apoptosis via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation, upregulating NO release via TLR4/TLR2 activation, and upregulating TJ protein expression via TLR2 activation. HSP70 represented a checkpoint regulator providing the crucial link between specific TLR activation and anti-Giardia host defense responses. Strikingly, independent of the checkpoint role of HSP70, TLR4 activation was proven to downregulate TJ protein expression, and TLR2 activation to accelerate apoptosis. Altogether, this study identified HSP70 as a potentially vital defender against Giardia, and revealed its correlation with specific TLR activation. The clinical importance of HSP70 has been extensively demonstrated, while its role as an effective therapeutic target in human giardiasis remains elusive and thus needs to be further clarified.
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Impact of nanoparticles on amyloid β-induced Alzheimer's disease, tuberculosis, leprosy and cancer: a systematic review. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:232435. [PMID: 36630532 PMCID: PMC9905792 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20220324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary domain of science, technology and engineering that deals with nano-sized materials/particles. Usually, the size of nanoparticles lies between 1 and 100 nm. Due to their small size and large surface area-to-volume ratio, nanoparticles exhibit high reactivity, greater stability and adsorption capacity. These important physicochemical properties attract scientific community to utilize them in biomedical field. Various types of nanoparticles (inorganic and organic) have broad applications in medical field ranging from imaging to gene therapy. These are also effective drug carriers. In recent times, nanoparticles are utilized to circumvent different treatment limitations. For example, the ability of nanoparticles to cross the blood-brain barrier and having a certain degree of specificity towards amyloid deposits makes themselves important candidates for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, nanotechnology has been used extensively to overcome several pertinent issues like drug-resistance phenomenon, side effects of conventional drugs and targeted drug delivery issue in leprosy, tuberculosis and cancer. Thus, in this review, the application of different nanoparticles for the treatment of these four important diseases (Alzheimer's disease, tuberculosis, leprosy and cancer) as well as for the effective delivery of drugs used in these diseases has been presented systematically. Although nanoformulations have many advantages over traditional therapeutics for treating these diseases, nanotoxicity is a major concern that has been discussed subsequently. Lastly, we have presented the promising future prospective of nanoparticles as alternative therapeutics. In that section, we have discussed about the futuristic approach(es) that could provide promising candidate(s) for the treatment of these four diseases.
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The anti-cancer agent APR-246 can activate several programmed cell death processes to kill malignant cells. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:1033-1046. [PMID: 36739334 PMCID: PMC10070280 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01122-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutant TP53 proteins are thought to drive the development and sustained expansion of cancers at least in part through the loss of the wild-type (wt) TP53 tumour suppressive functions. Therefore, compounds that can restore wt TP53 functions in mutant TP53 proteins are expected to inhibit the expansion of tumours expressing mutant TP53. APR-246 has been reported to exert such effects in malignant cells and is currently undergoing clinical trials in several cancer types. However, there is evidence that APR-246 may also kill malignant cells that do not express mutant TP53. To support the clinical development of APR-246 it is important to understand its mechanism(s) of action. By establishing isogenic background tumour cell lines with different TP53/TRP53 states, we found that APR-246 can kill malignant cells irrespective of their TP53/TRP53 status. Accordingly, RNAseq analysis revealed that treatment with APR-246 induces expression of the same gene set in Eμ-Myc mouse lymphoma cells of all four possible TRP53 states, wt, wt alongside mutant, knockout and knockout alongside mutant. We found that depending on the type of cancer cell and the concentration of APR-246 used, this compound can kill malignant cells through induction of various programmed cell death pathways, including apoptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis. The sensitivity of non-transformed cells to APR-246 also depended on the cell type. These findings reveal that the clinical testing of APR-246 should not be limited to cancers expressing mutant TP53 but expanded to cancers that express wt TP53 or are TP53-deficient.
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Guo H, Yi J, Wang F, Lei T, Du H. Potential application of heat shock proteins as therapeutic targets in Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2023; 162:105453. [PMID: 36402293 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common chronic neurodegenerative disease, and the heat shock proteins (HSPs) are proved to be of great value for PD. In addition, HSPs can maintain protein homeostasis, degrade and inhibit protein aggregation by properly folding and activating intracellular proteins in PD. This study mainly summarizes the important roles of HSPs in PD and explores their feasibility as targets. We introduced the structural and functional characteristics of HSPs and the physiological functions of HSPs in PD. HSPs can protect neurons from damage by degrading aggregates with three mechanisms, including the aggregation and removing α-Synuclein (α-Syn) aggregates, promotion the autophagy of abnormal proteins, and inhibition the apoptosis of degenerated neurons. This study underscores the importance of HSPs as targets in PD and helps to expand new mechanisms in PD treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Guo
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jingsong Yi
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tong Lei
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongwu Du
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
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11
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Parma B, Wurdak H, Ceppi P. Harnessing mitochondrial metabolism and drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer and beyond by blocking heat-shock proteins. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 65:100888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Severe heat stress modulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor pathway in rat liver. J Cell Commun Signal 2022; 16:547-566. [PMID: 35260968 PMCID: PMC9733776 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-022-00668-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress impairs physiology and overall functionality of the body at tissue and organ level in animals. Liver being a vital organ performs more than hundreds regulatory functions of the body. Present study investigates the modulation of molecular pathways that are responsible for liver damage triggered by heat stress. Male Sprague dawley rats were exposed to heat stress (45 °C) in heat simulation chamber till core temperature reaches 40 °C and 42 °C in 25 and 42 min respectively. For in-depth evaluation of liver functions during severe heat stress, hepatic transcriptome and proteome were analysed by microarray and two dimensional gel electrophoresis respectively. Results revealed major alterations in redox status, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction and proteostasis related pathways. Data of molecular pathway analysis demonstrate that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF-2) mediated oxidative stress response and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) regulated inflammatory pathways were upregulated in severe heat stressed liver. Expression levels of downstream molecules of above pathways such as heat shock protein 90AB 1, peroxiredoxin 5, Jun N-terminal kinases 1/2, heme-oxygenase 1, apolipoprotein 1 and interleukin 10 were examined and result suggested the upregulation of these genes modulates the NRF-2 and MIF regulated pathways in heat stressed liver. Irregularity in molecular signalling networks lead to mitochondrial dysfunction indicated by upregulation of ATP synthase β and peroxiredoxin 1 along with decreased levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and enhanced activity of cytochrome c in liver mitochondria. Thus, current study demonstrated heat induced alterations in key liver functions were regulated by NRF-2 and MIF pathways.
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13
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Abstract
Heat-shock proteins (HSPs), or stress proteins, are abundant and highly conserved, present in all organisms and in all cells. Selected HSPs, also known as chaperones, play crucial roles in folding and unfolding of proteins, assembly of multiprotein complexes, transport and sorting of proteins into correct subcellular compartments, cell-cycle control and signaling, and protection of cells against stress and apoptosis. More recently, HSPs have been shown to be key players in immune responses: during antigen presentation as well as cross-priming, they chaperone and transfer antigenic peptides to class I and class II molecules of the major histocompatibility complexes. In addition, extracellular HSPs can stimulate and cause maturation of professional antigen-presenting cells of the immune system, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. They also chaperone several toll-like receptors, which play a central role in innate immune responses. HSPs constitute a large family of proteins that are often classified based on their molecular weight as Hsp10, Hsp40, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90, etc. This unit contains a table that lists common HSPs and summarizes their characteristics including (a) name, (b) subcellular localization, (c) known function, (d) chromosome assignment, (e) brief comments, and (f) references. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Hagymasi
- Department of Immunology and Carole and Ray Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Joseph P Dempsey
- Department of Immunology and Carole and Ray Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Pramod K Srivastava
- Department of Immunology and Carole and Ray Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
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14
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Kaku H, Balaj AR, Rothstein TL. Small Heat Shock Proteins Collaborate with FAIM to Prevent Accumulation of Misfolded Protein Aggregates. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11841. [PMID: 36233145 PMCID: PMC9570119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells and tissues are continuously subject to environmental insults, such as heat shock and oxidative stress, which cause the accumulation of cytotoxic, aggregated proteins. We previously found that Fas Apoptosis Inhibitory Molecule (FAIM) protects cells from stress-induced cell death by preventing abnormal generation of protein aggregates similar to the effect of small heat shock proteins (HSPs). Protein aggregates are often associated with neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we sought to determine how FAIM protein dynamics change during cellular stress and how FAIM prevents the formation of amyloid-β aggregates/fibrils, one of the pathological hallmarks of AD. Here, we found that the majority of FAIM protein shifts to the detergent-insoluble fraction in response to cellular stress. A similar shift to the insoluble fraction was also observed in small heat shock protein (sHSP) family molecules, such as HSP27, after stress. We further demonstrate that FAIM is recruited to sHSP-containing complexes after cellular stress induction. These data suggest that FAIM might prevent protein aggregation in concert with sHSPs. In fact, we observed the additional effect of FAIM and HSP27 on the prevention of protein aggregates using an in vitro amyloid-β aggregation model system. Our work provides new insights into the interrelationships among FAIM, sHSPs, and amyloid-β aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kaku
- Department of Investigative Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Allison R Balaj
- Department of Investigative Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
| | - Thomas L Rothstein
- Department of Investigative Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
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15
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Özgür A, Kaplan Ö, Gökşen Tosun N, Türkekul İ, Gökçe İ. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Macrolepiota procera extract and investigation of their HSP27, HSP70, and HSP90 inhibitory potentials in human cancer cells. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2022.2089303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aykut Özgür
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory and Veterinary Health Program, Artova Vocational School, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Özlem Kaplan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazan Gökşen Tosun
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Graduate Studies, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Türkekul
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - İsa Gökçe
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
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16
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Jafari Khamirani H, Dianatpour M, Zoghi S, Mohammadi S, Habib A, Dastgheib SA, Tabei SMB, Molayemat M, Shirazi Yeganeh B. Recurrent Infections and Immunodeficiency Caused by Severe Pancytopenia Associated with a Novel Life-Threatening Mutation in Hypoxia-Upregulated Protein 1. Immunol Invest 2022; 51:1883-1894. [PMID: 35549617 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2022.2072736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
HYOU1 encodes a protein from the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone proteins, expressed to protect cellular mechanisms from stress such as hypoxia, insufficient energy and excessive or insufficient substances, and to restore cell homeostasis. In this study, we report a novel pathogenic variant in HYOU1. The proband, the second patient with pathogenic variant in HYOU1, was a female born to consanguineous parents. A novel homozygous pathogenic variant in HYOU1 (NM_001130991.3: c.1456C>T; p.Arg486Cys) was identified, causing anemia, thrombocytopenia and severe panleukopenia and immunodeficiency in the second month of age, leading to consistent high-grade fever, regression of brain functions and recurrent infections; ultimately resulting in the patient expiring at three and half months of age. Both parents are heterozygous for this variant and have no issues related to this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Jafari Khamirani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Comprehensive Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dianatpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sina Zoghi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sanaz Mohammadi
- Comprehensive Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ashkan Habib
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Mohammad Bagher Tabei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesMaternal-fetal, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Molayemat
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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17
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Wach MM, Subjeck JR, Wang XY, Repasky E, Matsuzaki J, Yu H, Wang C, Fisher D, Skitzki JJ, Kane JM. Recombinant human Hsp110-gp100 chaperone complex vaccine is nontoxic and induces response in advanced stage melanoma patients. Melanoma Res 2022; 32:88-97. [PMID: 35254331 PMCID: PMC8985419 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (hsp) are intracellular chaperones that possess extracellular immunostimulatory properties when complexed with antigens. A recombinant Hsp110-gp100 chaperone complex vaccine showed an antitumor response and prolonged survival in murine melanoma. A phase Ib dose-escalation study of a recombinant human Hsp110-gp100 vaccine in advanced-stage melanoma patients was performed to evaluate toxicity, immunostimulatory potential and clinical response. Patients with pretreated, unresectable stage IIIB/C/IV melanoma received the chaperone complex vaccine in a dose-escalation protocol; three vaccinations over a 43-day-period. Tumor response, clinical toxicity and immune response were measured. Ten patients (eight female, median age 70 years) were enrolled and two patients had grade 1 adverse events; minor skin rash, hyperhidrosis and fever (no grade 2 or higher adverse events). Median progression-free survival was longer for lower vaccine doses as compared to the maximum dose of 180 mcg (4.5 vs. 2.9 months; P = 0.018). The lowest dose patients (30 and 60 mcg) had clinical tumor responses (one partial response, one stable disease). CD8+ T cell interferon-γ responses to gp100 were greater in the clinically responding patients. A pattern of B cell responses to vaccination was not observed. Regulatory T cell populations and co-stimulatory molecules including cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 and PD-1 appeared to differ in responders versus nonresponders. A fully recombinant human Hsp110-gp100 chaperone complex vaccine had minimal toxicity, measurable tumor responses at lower doses and produced peripheral CD8+ T cell activation in patients with advanced, pretreated melanoma. Combination with currently available immunotherapies may augment clinical responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M. Wach
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
- Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - John R. Subjeck
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA
| | - Elizabeth Repasky
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Junko Matsuzaki
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Han Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Daniel Fisher
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Joseph J. Skitzki
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
- Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY USA
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - John M. Kane
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
- Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY USA
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
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18
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Tachon G, Chong-Si-Tsaon A, Lecomte T, Junca A, Frouin É, Miquelestorena-Standley E, Godet J, Evrard C, Randrian V, Chautard R, Auriault ML, Moulin V, Guyetant S, Fromont G, Karayan-Tapon L, Tougeron D. HSP110 as a Diagnostic but Not a Prognostic Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer With Microsatellite Instability. Front Genet 2022; 12:769281. [PMID: 35047001 PMCID: PMC8762103 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.769281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Determination of microsatellite instability (MSI) using molecular test and deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) using immunohistochemistry (IHC) has major implications on colorectal cancer (CRC) management. The HSP110 T17 microsatellite has been reported to be more monomorphic than the common markers used for MSI determination. Large deletion of HSP110 T17 has been associated with efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in dMMR/MSI CRCs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interest of HSP110 deletion/expression as a diagnostic tool of dMMR/MSI CRCs and a predictive tool of adjuvant chemotherapy efficacy. All patients with MSI CRC classified by molecular testing were included in this multicenter prospective cohort (n = 381). IHC of the 4 MMR proteins was carried out. HSP110 expression was carried out by IHC (n = 343), and the size of HSP110 T17 deletion was determined by PCR (n = 327). In the 293 MSI CRCs with both tests, a strong correlation was found between the expression of HSP110 protein and the size of HSP110 T17 deletion. Only 5.8% of MSI CRCs had no HSP110 T17 deletion (n = 19/327). HSP110 T17 deletion helped to re-classify 4 of the 9 pMMR/MSI discordance cases as pMMR/MSS cases. We did not observe any correlation between HSP110 expression or HSP110 T17 deletion size with time to recurrence in patients with stage II and III CRC, treated with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. HSP110 is neither a robust prognosis marker nor a predictor tool of adjuvant chemotherapy efficacy in dMMR/MSI CRC. However, HSP110 T17 is an interesting marker, which may be combined with the other pentaplex markers to identify discordant cases between MMR IHC and MSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaelle Tachon
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,INSERM U-1084, Laboratoire des Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Arnaud Chong-Si-Tsaon
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service d'Anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Thierry Lecomte
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Université de Tours, Tours, France.,Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Audelaure Junca
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Éric Frouin
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service d'Anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Julie Godet
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Camille Evrard
- Service d'oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Violaine Randrian
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Romain Chautard
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Marie-Luce Auriault
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier de la Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | - Valérie Moulin
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier de la Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | - Serge Guyetant
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Gaelle Fromont
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Lucie Karayan-Tapon
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,INSERM U-1084, Laboratoire des Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - David Tougeron
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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19
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Wang Y, Wu J, Wang D, Yang R, Liu Q. Traditional Chinese Medicine Targeting Heat Shock Proteins as Therapeutic Strategy for Heart Failure. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:814243. [PMID: 35115946 PMCID: PMC8804377 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.814243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the terminal stage of multifarious heart diseases and is responsible for high hospitalization rates and mortality. Pathophysiological mechanisms of HF include cardiac hypertrophy, remodeling and fibrosis resulting from cell death, inflammation and oxidative stress. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) can ameliorate folding of proteins, maintain protein structure and stability upon stress, protect the heart from cardiac dysfunction and ameliorate apoptosis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) regulates expression of HSPs and has beneficial therapeutic effect in HF. In this review, we summarized the function of HSPs in HF and the role of TCM in regulating expression of HSPs. Studying the regulation of HSPs by TCM will provide novel ideas for the study of the mechanism and treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Wang
- Shenyang the Tenth People’s Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Junxuan Wu
- Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Liu, ; Dawei Wang, ; Rongyuan Yang,
| | - Rongyuan Yang
- The Second Clinical School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine-Zhuhai Hospital, Zhuhai, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Liu, ; Dawei Wang, ; Rongyuan Yang,
| | - Qing Liu
- The Second Clinical School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine-Zhuhai Hospital, Zhuhai, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Liu, ; Dawei Wang, ; Rongyuan Yang,
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20
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Geraghty NJ, Satapathy S, Kelly M, Cheng F, Lee A, Wilson MR. Expanding the family of extracellular chaperones: Identification of human plasma proteins with chaperone activity. Protein Sci 2021; 30:2272-2286. [PMID: 34553437 PMCID: PMC8521303 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Proteostasis, the balance of protein synthesis, folding and degradation, is essential to maintain cellular function and viability, and the many known intracellular chaperones are recognized as playing key roles in sustaining life. In contrast, the identity of constitutively secreted extracellular chaperones (ECs) and their physiological roles in extracellular proteostasis is less completely understood. We designed and implemented a novel strategy, based on the well-known propensity of chaperones to bind to regions of hydrophobicity exposed on misfolding proteins, to discover new ECs present in human blood. We used a destabilized protein that misfolds at 37°C as "bait" to bind to potential ECs in human serum and captured the complexes formed on magnetic beads. Proteins eluted from the beads were identified by mass spectrometry and a group of seven abundant serum proteins was selected for in vitro analysis of chaperone activity. Five of these proteins were shown to specifically inhibit protein aggregation. Vitronectin and plasminogen activator-3 inhibited both the in vitro aggregation of the Alzheimer's β peptide (Aβ1-42 ) to form fibrillar amyloid, and the aggregation of citrate synthase (CS) to form unstructured (amorphous) aggregates. In contrast, prothrombin, C1r, and C1s inhibited the aggregation of Aβ1-42 but did not inhibit CS aggregation. This study thus identified five novel and abundant putative ECs which may play important roles in the maintenance of extracellular proteostasis, and which apparently have differing abilities to inhibit the amorphous and amyloid-forming protein aggregation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Geraghty
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular BioscienceUniversity of WollongongWollongongAustralia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research InstituteWollongongAustralia
| | - Sandeep Satapathy
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular BioscienceUniversity of WollongongWollongongAustralia
- Blavatnik Institute of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Megan Kelly
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular BioscienceUniversity of WollongongWollongongAustralia
- School of MedicineUniversity of WollongongWollongongAustralia
| | - Flora Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease ResearchMacquarie UniversityNorth RydeAustralia
| | - Albert Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease ResearchMacquarie UniversityNorth RydeAustralia
| | - Mark R. Wilson
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular BioscienceUniversity of WollongongWollongongAustralia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research InstituteWollongongAustralia
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21
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Chen KJ, Li FZ, Ye Q, Jia M, Fang S. HSP105 expression in cutaneous malignant melanoma: Correlation with clinicopathological characteristics. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258053. [PMID: 34618840 PMCID: PMC8496777 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat shock proteins can protect against stress-associated cellular challenges, but they can also protect some tumors from human immune system monitoring. Heat shock protein 105 (HSP105/110) is a high molecular weight protein whose expression has been reported in many cancers, but few studies on its role in cutaneous malignant melanoma have been published. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between HSP105 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of CMM. METHODS This retrospective study included 91 patients with CMM. The clinicopathological characteristics of CMM patients, including age, lesion duration, location, pathological classification, Clark's level, Breslow thickness, metastasis and recurrence, were collected. Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis for HSP105 were performed. Pigmented nevi (n = 20) served as a control. The staining intensity and percentage of stained cells were expressed as a histochemical score (HSCORE). RESULTS HSP105 was overexpressed in melanoma compared with nevi. Differences in the HSCORE between nevi (HSCORE = 1.05(0.15,1.50)) and CMM (HSCORE = 2.68(1.80,3.60)) were remarkable (P<0.001). Exposed site lesions, recurrent and metastatic lesions, nodular melanoma and lentigo maligna melanoma were closely associated with higher HSP105 expression (P = 0.011, P = 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). Moreover, no significant difference was observed in Clark's level, Breslow thickness, or lesion duration (P>0.05). CONCLUSION HSP105 is overexpressed in CMM. Higher HSP105 expression in lesions is associated with different clinicopathological variables. HSP105 may be a potential target for the diagnosis, treatment and prognostic prediction of CMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng-Zeng Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Ye
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng Jia
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng Fang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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22
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The Pathophysiological Role of Heat Shock Response in Autoimmunity: A Literature Review. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102626. [PMID: 34685607 PMCID: PMC8533860 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the last two decades, there has been increasing evidence that heat-shock proteins can have a differential influence on the immune system. They can either provoke or ameliorate immune responses. This review focuses on outlining the stimulatory as well as the inhibitory effects of heat-shock proteins 27, 40, 70, 65, 60, and 90 in experimental and clinical autoimmune settings.
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23
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Sitnikov DS, Pronkin AA, Ilina IV, Revkova VA, Konoplyannikov MA, Kalsin VA, Baklaushev VP. Numerical modelling and experimental verification of thermal effects in living cells exposed to high-power pulses of THz radiation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17916. [PMID: 34504144 PMCID: PMC8429778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96898-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure of cells or biological tissues to high-power pulses of terahertz (THz) radiation leads to changes in a variety of intracellular processes. However, the role of heating effects due to strong absorption of THz radiation by water molecules still stays unclear. In this study, we performed numerical modelling in order to estimate the thermal impact on water of a single THz pulse as well as a series of THz pulses. A finite-element (FE) model that provides numerical solutions for the heat conduction equation is employed to compute the temperature increase. A simple expression for temperature estimation in the center of the spot of THz radiation is presented for given frequency and fluence of the THz pulse. It has been demonstrated that thermal effect is determined by either the average power of radiation or by the fluence of a single THz pulse depending on pulse repetition rate. Human dermal fibroblasts have been exposed to THz pulses (with an energy of [Formula: see text] and repetition rate of 100 Hz) to estimate the thermal effect. Analysis of heat shock proteins expression has demonstrated no statistically significant difference ([Formula: see text]) between control and experimental groups after 3 h of irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Sitnikov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya 13 Bldg. 2, Moscow, Russia, 125412.
| | - A A Pronkin
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya 13 Bldg. 2, Moscow, Russia, 125412
| | - I V Ilina
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya 13 Bldg. 2, Moscow, Russia, 125412
| | - V A Revkova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Orekhovy Boulevard 28, Moscow, Russia, 115682
| | - M A Konoplyannikov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Orekhovy Boulevard 28, Moscow, Russia, 115682
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya str. 8-2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - V A Kalsin
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Orekhovy Boulevard 28, Moscow, Russia, 115682
| | - V P Baklaushev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Orekhovy Boulevard 28, Moscow, Russia, 115682
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24
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Li H, Hu L, Cuffee CW, Mohamed M, Li Q, Liu Q, Zhou L, Liu Q. Interdomain interactions dictate the function of the Candida albicans Hsp110 protein Msi3. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101082. [PMID: 34403698 PMCID: PMC8424595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins of 110 kDa (Hsp110s), a unique class of molecular chaperones, are essential for maintaining protein homeostasis. Hsp110s exhibit a strong chaperone activity preventing protein aggregation (the "holdase" activity) and also function as the major nucleotide-exchange factor (NEF) for Hsp70 chaperones. Hsp110s contain two functional domains: a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and substrate-binding domain (SBD). ATP binding is essential for Hsp110 function and results in close contacts between the NBD and SBD. However, the molecular mechanism of this ATP-induced allosteric coupling remains poorly defined. In this study, we carried out biochemical analysis on Msi3, the sole Hsp110 in Candida albicans, to dissect the unique allosteric coupling of Hsp110s using three mutations affecting the domain-domain interface. All the mutations abolished both the in vivo and in vitro functions of Msi3. While the ATP-bound state was disrupted in all mutants, only mutation of the NBD-SBDβ interfaces showed significant ATPase activity, suggesting that the full-length Hsp110s have an ATPase that is mainly suppressed by NBD-SBDβ contacts. Moreover, the high-affinity ATP-binding unexpectedly appears to require these NBD-SBD contacts. Remarkably, the "holdase" activity was largely intact for all mutants tested while NEF activity was mostly compromised, although both activities strictly depended on the ATP-bound state, indicating different requirements for these two activities. Stable peptide substrate binding to Msi3 led to dissociation of the NBD-SBD contacts and compromised interactions with Hsp70. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the exceptionally strong NBD-SBD contacts in Hsp110s dictate the unique allosteric coupling and biochemical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Liqing Hu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Crist William Cuffee
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Mahetab Mohamed
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Qianbin Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qingdai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Qinglian Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA,For correspondence: Qinglian Liu
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25
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Zhao Q, Xue W, Zhang S, Guo Y, Li Y, Wu X, Huo S, Li Y, Li C. The functions of Patchouli and Elsholtzia in the repair of hen follicular granular cells after heat stress. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101306. [PMID: 34942517 PMCID: PMC8695352 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this experimental study was to examine the effects of the Chinese herbal medicines Patchouli and Elsholtzia on the follicular granulosa cells of hens undergoing heat stress conditions. In the current investigation, hen follicular granulosa cells were isolated from the prehierarchical follicles of layer hens and then cultured in-vitro. The cells were randomly divided into the 6 groups. Following the completion of this study's experiments using different heat stress and medicinal treatments, the cell activities of each group were measured using an MTT method. The levels of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were detected using ELISA. The expressions of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) mRNA; cytochrome P450 family 11, subfamily A, member 1 (CYP11A1) mRNA; proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) mRNA; and the follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) were detected using the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions. The concentration levels of estrogen and progesterone in the cell supernatant of each group were measured using ELISA. The results showed that cell activity had significantly decreased following the heat stress treatments at 43℃, 44℃, and 45℃ (P < 0.01), respectively. Meanwhile, cell activities observed in Patchouli and Elsholtzia were found to be much better than those of heat stress group (P < 0.05). In addition, the expression levels of HSP70 in the follicular granulosa cells of Patchouli and Elsholtzia groups were lower than those of heat stress group. Patchouli and Elsholtzia can maintain expressions of the receptor at 43℃. This study determined that the estrogen and progesterone in the supernatant fluid of Patchouli and Elsholtzia were higher than those observed in heat stress. Therefore, the results obtained in this study indicated that the Patchouli and Elsholtzia treatments administered prior the heat stress experiments had successfully protected the follicular granulosa cells from heat damages while maintaining the normal secretory functions of the granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Zhao
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Wenhui Xue
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yu Guo
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yurong Li
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xianjun Wu
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Shuying Huo
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Yong Li
- Dingnong Corporation of Hebei, Dingzhou County of Hebei, 073000, China
| | - Chenyao Li
- Dingnong Corporation of Hebei, Dingzhou County of Hebei, 073000, China
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26
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Karunanayake C, Page RC. Cytosolic protein quality control machinery: Interactions of Hsp70 with a network of co-chaperones and substrates. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1419-1434. [PMID: 33730888 PMCID: PMC8243209 DOI: 10.1177/1535370221999812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The chaperone heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and its network of co-chaperones serve as a central hub of cellular protein quality control mechanisms. Domain organization in Hsp70 dictates ATPase activity, ATP dependent allosteric regulation, client/substrate binding and release, and interactions with co-chaperones. The protein quality control activities of Hsp70 are classified as foldase, holdase, and disaggregase activities. Co-chaperones directly assisting protein refolding included J domain proteins and nucleotide exchange factors. However, co-chaperones can also be grouped and explored based on which domain of Hsp70 they interact. Here we discuss how the network of cytosolic co-chaperones for Hsp70 contributes to the functions of Hsp70 while closely looking at their structural features. Comparison of domain organization and the structures of co-chaperones enables greater understanding of the interactions, mechanisms of action, and roles played in protein quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard C Page
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
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27
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Postolache TT, Wadhawan A, Can A, Lowry CA, Woodbury M, Makkar H, Hoisington AJ, Scott AJ, Potocki E, Benros ME, Stiller JW. Inflammation in Traumatic Brain Injury. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 74:1-28. [PMID: 32176646 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing evidence that inflammation contributes to clinical and functional outcomes in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Many successful target-engaging, lesion-reducing, symptom-alleviating, and function-improving interventions in animal models of TBI have failed to show efficacy in clinical trials. Timing and immunological context are paramount for the direction, quality, and intensity of immune responses to TBI and the resulting neuroanatomical, clinical, and functional course. We present components of the immune system implicated in TBI, potential immune targets, and target-engaging interventions. The main objective of our article is to point toward modifiable molecular and cellular mechanisms that may modify the outcomes in TBI, and contribute to increasing the translational value of interventions that have been identified in animal models of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodor T Postolache
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 19, Aurora, CO, USA.,Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, USA.,Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 5, VA Capitol Health Care Network, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abhishek Wadhawan
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Adem Can
- School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 19, Aurora, CO, USA.,Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Margaret Woodbury
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hina Makkar
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew J Hoisington
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 19, Aurora, CO, USA.,Systems Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, USA
| | - Alison J Scott
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eileen Potocki
- VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael E Benros
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health-CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John W Stiller
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Maryland State Athletic Commission, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Neurology Consultation Services, Washington, DC, USA
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28
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Jee B, Dhar R, Singh S, Karmakar S. Heat Shock Proteins and Their Role in Pregnancy: Redefining the Function of "Old Rum in a New Bottle". Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:648463. [PMID: 33996811 PMCID: PMC8116900 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.648463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy in humans is a multi-step complex physiological process comprising three discrete events, decidualization, implantation and placentation. Its overall success depends on the incremental advantage that each of the preceding stages passes on to the next. The success of these synchronized sequels of events is an outcome of timely coordination between them. The pregnancy events are coordinated and governed primarily by the ovarian steroid hormones, estrogen and progesterone, which are essentially ligand-activated transcription factors. It's well known that intercellular signaling of steroid hormones engages a plethora of adapter proteins that participate in executing the biological functions. This involves binding of the hormone receptor complex to the DNA response elements in a sequence specific manner. Working with Drosophila melanogaster, the heat shock proteins (HSPs) were originally described by Ferruccio Ritossa back in the early 1960s. Over the years, there has been considerable advancement of our understanding of these conserved families of proteins, particularly in pregnancy. Accumulating evidence suggests that endometrial and uterine cells have an abundance of HSP27, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90, implying their possible involvement during the pregnancy process. HSPs have been found to be associated with decidualization, implantation and placentation, with their dysregulation associated with implantation failure, pregnancy loss and other feto-maternal complications. Furthermore, HSP is also associated with stress response, specifically in modulating the ER stress, a critical determinant for reproductive success. Recent advances suggest a therapeutic role of HSPs proteins in improving the pregnancy outcome. In this review, we summarized our latest understanding of the role of different members of the HSP families during pregnancy and associated complications based on experimental and clinical evidences, thereby redefining and exploring their novel function with new perspective, beyond their prototype role as molecular chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babban Jee
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruby Dhar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhradip Karmakar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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29
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Teng ZW, Yang GQ, Wang LF, Fu T, Lian HX, Sun Y, Han LQ, Zhang LY, Gao TY. Effects of the circadian rhythm on milk composition in dairy cows: Does day milk differ from night milk? J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:8301-8313. [PMID: 33865587 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism in most organisms can show variations between the day and night. These variations may also affect the composition of products derived from livestock. The aim of the present study was to investigate the difference in composition between the day milk and night milk of dairy cows. Ten multiparous Holstein cows (milk yield = 25.2 ± 5.00 kg/d) were randomly selected during mid lactation. Milk samples were collected at 0500 h ("night milk") and 1500 h ("day milk") and analyzed to determine their composition. Mid-infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze macronutrient content of milk. Metabolomics and lipidomics were used to detect and analyze small molecules and fatty acids, respectively. An automatic biochemical analyzer and ELISA kits were used to determine biochemical indicators, as well as antioxidant and immune parameters in the milk. Though milk fat, protein, lactose, and total milk solids were not different between day milk and night milk, small molecules, metabolites and lipids, and hormones and cytokines differed between day milk and night milk. Regarding biochemical and immune-related indicators, the concentrations of malondialdehyde, HSP70, and HSP90 in night milk were lower than that in day milk. However, interferon-γ levels were higher in night milk. Additionally, night milk was naturally rich in melatonin. Lipidomics analyses showed that the levels of some lipids in night milk were higher than those in day milk. Metabolomics analyses identified 36 different metabolites between day milk and night milk. Higher concentrations of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, cis-aconitate, and d-sorbitol were observed in day milk. However, the other 33 metabolites analyzed, including carbohydrates, lipids, AA, and aromatic compounds, showed lower concentrations in day milk than in night milk. The present findings show that the composition of night milk differs considerably from that of day milk. Notable changes in the circadian rhythm also altered milk composition. These results provide evidence to support the strategic use and classification of day milk and night milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z W Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - G Q Yang
- Modern Experimental Technique and Management Centre, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - L F Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, People's Republic of China.
| | - T Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - H X Lian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - L Q Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - L Y Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - T Y Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, People's Republic of China
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30
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Özgür A. Investigation of anticancer activities of STA-9090 (ganetespib) as a second generation HSP90 inhibitor in Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells. J Chemother 2021; 33:554-563. [PMID: 33794753 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2021.1908650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is common childhood tumour type of the bone. Chemotherapy is the most important step in treatment of osteosarcoma. Despite advanced diagnosis methods and target specific cancer therapeutics, osteosarcoma has still a high mortality rate and a tendency to metastasize. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are evaluated in osteosarcoma treatment in pre-clinical and clinical studies. In the last ten years, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) has been important biological target to design target specific cancer drugs. HSP90 play vital roles in proper folding, stabilization and maintenance of oncogenic client proteins in tumorigenesis. Therefore, inhibition of HSP90 has been significant therapeutic aspects in cancer drug design. STA-9090 (ganetespib) is a second generation small molecule HSP90 inhibitor which blocks tumurogenesis in cancer cells. STA-9090 inhibited ATP hydrolysis and protein folding process of HSP90. In this study, STA-9090 decreased Saos-2 cell proliferation and IC50 dose of STA-9090 was found out as 18.71 µM and 10.25 µM at 24 h and 48 h, respectively. STA-9090 inhibited HSP90 ATPase function and disrupted oncogenic client protein folding activity. Also, STA-9090 decreased protein level of the HSP90 in osteosarcoma cells. Expression analysis of osteosarcoma and bone metabolism related genes was performed by RT2 Profiler PCR Array. This study has found the down-regulation of the expression levels of oncogenic genes: DKK1, TWIST1, WNT10B, WNT3A, RANK, RANKL, PTH, FGFR1, FGFR2, LTBP2, IL6, TGFβ1, MMP2 and SPARC genes, in STA-9090 treated Saso-2 cells. Furthermore, expression levels of osteosarcoma related genes, OPG, ERα, ERβ, IL15, BMP2 and BMP7, were found to have increased significantly. Biological activities of STA-9090 on Saos-2 cell line show its potential as a target specific drug to inhibit osteosarcoma and its metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aykut Özgür
- Artova Vocational School, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory and Veterinary Health Program, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
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31
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Gao P, Tang S, Chen H, Zhou X, Ou Y, Shen R, He Y. Preconditioning increases brain resistance against acute brain injury via neuroinflammation modulation. Exp Neurol 2021; 341:113712. [PMID: 33819449 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute brain injury (ABI) is a broad concept mainly comprised of sudden parenchymal brain injury. Acute brain injury outcomes are dependent not only on the severity of the primary injury, but the delayed secondary injury that subsequently follows as well. These are both taken into consideration when determining the patient's prognosis. Growing clinical and experimental evidence demonstrates that "preconditioning," a prophylactic approach in which the brain is exposed to various pre-injury stressors, can induce varying degrees of "tolerance" against the impact of the ABI by modulating neuroinflammation. In this review, we will summarize the pathophysiology of ABI, and discuss the involved mechanisms of neuroinflammation in ABI, as well as existing experimental and clinical studies demonstrating the efficacy of preconditioning methods in various types of ABI by modulating neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gao
- Department of Translational Neurodegeneration, German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich 81377, Germany.
| | - Sicheng Tang
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic IV, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU), Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Hanmin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Xiangyue Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Yibo Ou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Ronghua Shen
- Department of Psychological Rehabilitation, Hankou Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430010, PR China.
| | - Yue He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
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32
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Rao S, Oyang L, Liang J, Yi P, Han Y, Luo X, Xia L, Lin J, Tan S, Hu J, Wang H, Tang L, Pan Q, Tang Y, Zhou Y, Liao Q. Biological Function of HYOU1 in Tumors and Other Diseases. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:1727-1735. [PMID: 33707955 PMCID: PMC7943547 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s297332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Various stimuli induce an unfolded protein response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, accompanied by the expression of endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperones. Hypoxia-upregulated 1 gene (HYOU1) is a chaperone protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum. HYOU1 expression was upregulated in many diseases, including various cancers and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related diseases. HYOU1 does not only play an important protective role in the occurrence and development of tumors, but also is a potential therapeutic target for cancer. HYOU1 may also be used as an immune stimulation adjuvant because of its anti-tumor immune response, and a molecular target for therapy of many endoplasmic reticulum-related diseases. In this article, we summarize the updates in HYOU1 and discuss the potential therapeutic effects of HYOU1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Rao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linda Oyang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Liang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pin Yi
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqian Han
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Longzheng Xia
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinguan Lin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiming Tan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Pan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Dicarbonyl stress, protein glycation and the unfolded protein response. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:331-340. [PMID: 33644826 PMCID: PMC8116241 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-09980-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The reactive dicarbonyl metabolite, methylglyoxal (MG), is increased in obesity and diabetes and is implicated in the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus and vascular complications of diabetes. Dicarbonyl stress is the metabolic state of abnormal high MG concentration. MG is an arginine-directed glycating agent and precursor of the major advanced glycation endproduct, arginine-derived hydroimidazolone MG-H1. MG-H1 is often formed on protein surfaces and an uncharged hydrophobic residue, inducing protein structural distortion and misfolding. Recent studies indicate that dicarbonyl stress in human endothelial cells and fibroblasts in vitro induced a proteomic response consistent with activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). The response included: increased abundance of heat shock proteins and ubiquitin ligases catalysing the removal of proteins with unshielded surface hydrophobic patches and formation of polyubiquitinated chains to encapsulate misfolded proteins; and increased low grade inflammation. Activation of the UPR is implicated in insulin resistance. An effective strategy to counter increased MG is inducing increased expression of glyoxalase-1 (Glo1). An optimized inducer of Glo1 expression, trans-resveratrol and hesperetin combination, normalized increased MG concentration, corrected insulin resistance and decreased low grade inflammation in overweight and obese subjects. We propose that dicarbonyl stress, through increased formation of MG-glycated proteins, may be an important physiological stimulus of the UPR and Glo1 inducers may provide a route to effective suppression and therapy. With further investigation and validation, this may provide key new insight into physiological activators of the UPR and association with dicarbonyl stress.
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Chakafana G, Shonhai A. The Role of Non-Canonical Hsp70s (Hsp110/Grp170) in Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:254. [PMID: 33525518 PMCID: PMC7911927 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although cancers account for over 16% of all global deaths annually, at present, no reliable therapies exist for most types of the disease. As protein folding facilitators, heat shock proteins (Hsps) play an important role in cancer development. Not surprisingly, Hsps are among leading anticancer drug targets. Generally, Hsp70s are divided into two main subtypes: canonical Hsp70 (Escherichia coli Hsp70/DnaK homologues) and the non-canonical (Hsp110 and Grp170) members. These two main Hsp70 groups are delineated from each other by distinct structural and functional specifications. Non-canonical Hsp70s are considered as holdase chaperones, while canonical Hsp70s are refoldases. This unique characteristic feature is mirrored by the distinct structural features of these two groups of chaperones. Hsp110/Grp170 members are larger as they possess an extended acidic insertion in their substrate binding domains. While the role of canonical Hsp70s in cancer has received a fair share of attention, the roles of non-canonical Hsp70s in cancer development has received less attention in comparison. In the current review, we discuss the structure-function features of non-canonical Hsp70s members and how these features impact their role in cancer development. We further mapped out their interactome and discussed the prospects of targeting these proteins in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Addmore Shonhai
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, 0950 Thohoyandou, South Africa
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Chaudhury S, Keegan BM, Blagg BSJ. The role and therapeutic potential of Hsp90, Hsp70, and smaller heat shock proteins in peripheral and central neuropathies. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:202-222. [PMID: 32844464 PMCID: PMC8485878 DOI: 10.1002/med.21729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are molecular chaperones that also play important roles in the activation of the heat shock response (HSR). The HSR is an evolutionary conserved and protective mechanism that is used to counter abnormal physiological conditions, stressors, and disease states, such as those exemplified in cancer and/or neurodegeneration. In normal cells, heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1), the transcription factor that regulates the HSR, remains in a dormant multiprotein complex that is formed upon association with chaperones (Hsp90, Hsp70, etc.), co-chaperones, and client proteins. However, under cellular stress, HSF-1 dissociates from Hsp90 and induces the transcriptional upregulation of Hsp70 to afford protection against the encountered cellular stress. As a consequence of both peripheral and central neuropathies, cellular stress occurs and results in the accumulation of unfolded and/or misfolded proteins, which can be counterbalanced by activation of the HSR. Since Hsp90 is the primary regulator of the HSR, modulation of Hsp90 by small molecules represents an attractive therapeutic approach against both peripheral and central neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhabrata Chaudhury
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Bradley M Keegan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Brian S J Blagg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
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Petrakis I, Androvitsanea A, Stratakis S, Daphnis E, Stylianou K. Intense immunostaining of heat shock protein 70 within renal interstitium associates with long-term renal survival in an ANCA-associated vasculitis cohort. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:51-65. [PMID: 32876904 PMCID: PMC7736385 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01151-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) genetic predisposition, ANCA autoantibodies, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), complement activation, and toll-like receptor signaling are implicated in AAV pathogenesis. Heat shock proteins (HSPs), a highly conserved group of small-sized molecular chaperones, take part in protein folding during cellular stress. Although HSPs were initially observed intracellularly, it has been shown that they can be secreted in the extracellular space and modulate the immune response in various autoimmune diseases including AAV. The scope of the present study is to investigate the role of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and 70 (HSP70) in the long renal effects in an ANCA vasculitis cohort. In this cohort of ANCA-associated vasculitis, 29 patients were followed up over 20 years. At diagnosis, immunohistochemistry was performed for HSP60 and HSP70 within the various nephron compartments. Higher renal HSP60 expression was associated with increased interstitial inflammatory infiltrates at diagnosis, while HSP70 expression was associated with a greater extent of interstitial fibrosis at diagnosis. Notably, intense tissue expression of HSP70 at the time of biopsy was associated with a worsened kidney survival. Renal HSP70 expression was associated with poor renal outcomes during long-term follow-up. This finding may indicate a role of HSPs in renal disease progression in ANCA vasculitis. Further validating studies are needed to verify a causative association between HSP70 expression and renal outcomes in ANCA-associated vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Petrakis
- Department of Nephrology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | | | - Stavros Stratakis
- Department of Nephrology, Heraclion University Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - Eugene Daphnis
- Department of Nephrology, Heraclion University Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - Kostas Stylianou
- Department of Nephrology, Heraclion University Hospital, Crete, Greece
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Edkins AL, Boshoff A. General Structural and Functional Features of Molecular Chaperones. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1340:11-73. [PMID: 34569020 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78397-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones are a group of structurally diverse and highly conserved ubiquitous proteins. They play crucial roles in facilitating the correct folding of proteins in vivo by preventing protein aggregation or facilitating the appropriate folding and assembly of proteins. Heat shock proteins form the major class of molecular chaperones that are responsible for protein folding events in the cell. This is achieved by ATP-dependent (folding machines) or ATP-independent mechanisms (holders). Heat shock proteins are induced by a variety of stresses, besides heat shock. The large and varied heat shock protein class is categorised into several subfamilies based on their sizes in kDa namely, small Hsps (HSPB), J domain proteins (Hsp40/DNAJ), Hsp60 (HSPD/E; Chaperonins), Hsp70 (HSPA), Hsp90 (HSPC), and Hsp100. Heat shock proteins are localised to different compartments in the cell to carry out tasks specific to their environment. Most heat shock proteins form large oligomeric structures, and their functions are usually regulated by a variety of cochaperones and cofactors. Heat shock proteins do not function in isolation but are rather part of the chaperone network in the cell. The general structural and functional features of the major heat shock protein families are discussed, including their roles in human disease. Their function is particularly important in disease due to increased stress in the cell. Vector-borne parasites affecting human health encounter stress during transmission between invertebrate vectors and mammalian hosts. Members of the main classes of heat shock proteins are all represented in Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of cerebral malaria, and they play specific functions in differentiation, cytoprotection, signal transduction, and virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Lesley Edkins
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit (BioBRU), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa.
- Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa.
| | - Aileen Boshoff
- Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa.
- Biotechnology Innovation Centre, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa.
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E3 Ubiquitin Ligase APC/C Cdh1 Negatively Regulates FAH Protein Stability by Promoting Its Polyubiquitination. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228719. [PMID: 33218190 PMCID: PMC7699203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) is the last enzyme in the degradation pathway of the amino acids tyrosine and phenylalanine in mammals that catalyzes the hydrolysis of 4-fumarylacetoacetate into acetoacetate and fumarate. Mutations of the FAH gene are associated with hereditary tyrosinemia type I (HT1), resulting in reduced protein stability, misfolding, accelerated degradation and deficiency in functional proteins. Identifying E3 ligases, which are necessary for FAH protein stability and degradation, is essential. In this study, we demonstrated that the FAH protein level is elevated in liver cancer tissues compared to that in normal tissues. Further, we showed that the FAH protein undergoes 26S proteasomal degradation and its protein turnover is regulated by the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome-Cdh1 (APC/C)Cdh1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. APC/CCdh1 acts as a negative stabilizer of FAH protein by promoting FAH polyubiquitination and decreases the half-life of FAH protein. Thus, we envision that Cdh1 might be a key factor in the maintenance of FAH protein level to regulate FAH-mediated physiological functions.
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APOE4 exacerbates synapse loss and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease patient iPSC-derived cerebral organoids. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5540. [PMID: 33139712 PMCID: PMC7608683 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19264-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
APOE4 is the strongest genetic risk factor associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To address the underlying mechanism, we develop cerebral organoid models using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with APOE ε3/ε3 or ε4/ε4 genotype from individuals with either normal cognition or AD dementia. Cerebral organoids from AD patients carrying APOE ε4/ε4 show greater apoptosis and decreased synaptic integrity. While AD patient-derived cerebral organoids have increased levels of Aβ and phosphorylated tau compared to healthy subject-derived cerebral organoids, APOE4 exacerbates tau pathology in both healthy subject-derived and AD patient-derived organoids. Transcriptomics analysis by RNA-sequencing reveals that cerebral organoids from AD patients are associated with an enhancement of stress granules and disrupted RNA metabolism. Importantly, isogenic conversion of APOE4 to APOE3 attenuates the APOE4-related phenotypes in cerebral organoids from AD patients. Together, our study using human iPSC-organoids recapitulates APOE4-related phenotypes and suggests APOE4-related degenerative pathways contributing to AD pathogenesis. APOE4 is a strong genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease. Here, the authors show that APOE4 is associated with AD features in hiPSCs-derived cerebral organoids. Isogenic conversion of APOE4 to APOE3 attenuates the AD-associated phenotype.
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Wang L, Xu X, Jiang Z, You Q. Modulation of protein fate decision by small molecules: targeting molecular chaperone machinery. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1904-1925. [PMID: 33163343 PMCID: PMC7606112 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation of protein fate decision and protein homeostasis plays a significant role in altering the protein level, which acts as an orientation to develop drugs with new mechanisms. The molecular chaperones exert significant biological functions on modulation of protein fate decision and protein homeostasis under constantly changing environmental conditions through extensive protein–protein interactions (PPIs) with their client proteins. With the help of molecular chaperone machinery, the processes of protein folding, trafficking, quality control and degradation of client proteins could be arranged properly. The core members of molecular chaperones, including heat shock proteins (HSPs) family and their co-chaperones, are emerging as potential drug targets since they are involved in numerous disease conditions. Development of small molecule modulators targeting not only chaperones themselves but also the PPIs among chaperones, co-chaperones and clients is attracting more and more attention. These modulators are widely used as chemical tools to study chaperone networks as well as potential drug candidates for a broader set of diseases. Here, we reviewed the key checkpoints of molecular chaperone machinery HSPs as well as their co-chaperones to discuss the small molecules targeting on them for modulation of protein fate decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 25 83271351.
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 25 83271351.
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Zheng Y, Chi S, Li C. Identification of potential gene drivers of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: Analysis of microarray data. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22257. [PMID: 32991423 PMCID: PMC7523824 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common skin cancer with an increasing incidence. As a pre-cancerous condition, actinic keratosis (AK) has an up to 20% risk of progression to cSCC. This study aims to define the potential genes that associated with genesis and progression of cSCC, thereby further identify critical biomarkers for the prevention, early diagnosis, and effective treatment of cSCC.Two datasets GSE42677 and GSE45216 were downloaded from the GEO. Microarray data analysis was applied to explore the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between cSCC samples and AK samples. Then functional enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and drug-gene interaction analysis were performed to screen key genes.A total of 711 DEGs, including 238 upregulated genes and 473 downregulated genes, were screened out. DEGs mainly involved in pathways as extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, hematopoietic cell lineage, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K-Akt) signaling pathway, and focal adhesion. Candidate genes, including upregulated genes as JUN, filamin A (FLNA), casein kinase 1 delta (CSNK1D), and histone cluster 1 H3 family member f (HIST1H3F), and downregulated genes as androgen receptor (AR), heat shock protein family H member 1 (HSPH1), tropomyosin 1 (TPM1), pyruvate kinase, muscle (PKM), LIM domain and actin binding 1 (LIMA1), and synaptopodin (SYNPO) were screened out. In drug-gene interaction analysis, 13 genes and 44 drugs were identified.This study demonstrates that genes JUN, FLNA, AR, HSPH1, and CSNK1D have the potential to function as targets for diagnosis and treatment of cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Sumin Chi
- Department of Physiology, Air Force Medical University of PLA, Xi’an, China
| | - Chengxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
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de Seny D, Bianchi E, Baiwir D, Cobraiville G, Collin C, Deliège M, Kaiser MJ, Mazzucchelli G, Hauzeur JP, Delvenne P, Malaise MG. Proteins involved in the endoplasmic reticulum stress are modulated in synovitis of osteoarthritis, chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy and rheumatoid arthritis, and correlate with the histological inflammatory score. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14159. [PMID: 32887899 PMCID: PMC7473860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70803-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now well recognized that osteoarthritis (OA) synovial membrane presents inflammatory components. The aim of this work is to provide evidence that similar inflammatory mechanisms exist in synovial membrane (n = 24) obtained from three pathologies presenting altogether an inflammatory gradient: OA, chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy (CPPA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Synovial biopsies were first characterized by a histological score based on synovial hyperplasia and infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells, polymorphonuclear and macrophages. All biopsies were also analyzed by 2D-nano-UPLC-ESI-Q-Orbitrap for protein identification and quantification. Protein levels were correlated with the histological score. Histological score was in the range of 3 to 8 for OA, 5 to 13 for CPPA and 12 to 17 for RA. Of the 4,336 proteins identified by mass spectrometry, 51 proteins were selected for their strong correlation (p < 0.001) with the histological score of which 11 proteins (DNAJB11, CALR, ERP29, GANAB, HSP90B1, HSPA1A, HSPA5, HYOU1, LMAN1, PDIA4, and TXNDC5) were involved in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Protein levels of S100A8 and S100A9 were significantly higher in RA compared to OA (for both) or to CPPA (for S100A8 only) and also significantly correlated with the histological score. Eighteen complement component proteins were identified, but only C1QB and C1QBP were weakly correlated with the histological score. This study highlights the inflammatory gradient existing between OA, CPPA and RA synovitis either at the protein level or at the histological level. Inflamed synovitis was characterized by the overexpression of ER stress proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique de Seny
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium.
| | - Elettra Bianchi
- Department of Pathology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Dominique Baiwir
- GIGA Proteomics Facility, University of Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Gaël Cobraiville
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Collin
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Mégane Deliège
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Marie-Joëlle Kaiser
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Gabriel Mazzucchelli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Unit Research, University of Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Jean-Philippe Hauzeur
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Philippe Delvenne
- Department of Pathology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Michel G Malaise
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium
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Espinosa C, Esteban MÁ. Effect of dietary supplementation with yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on skin, serum and liver of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L). JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2020; 97:869-881. [PMID: 32598025 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effect of dietary supplementation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) was studied. Four replicates of fish (n = 6) were fed with a commercial diet containing 0 (control, no yeast added) or 10 mg per kilogram of heat-killed (30 min, 60°C) S. cerevisiae. After 4 weeks, half of the fish (two replicates) were injured and continued with the same diet. At 3 and 7 days post-wounding, samples of blood, skin mucus, skin and liver were obtained from each fish. The results showed that calcium concentrations were significantly higher (with respect to control fish) in the serum from fish sampled at 3 days post-wounding, whereas antioxidant enzymes in the skin mucus were altered after wounding (at both 3 and 7 days). Histological analyses revealed oedema, signs of inflammation and white cell recruitment together with a reduction in the epidermis layer in the wounded regions of fish fed control diet. Yeast supplementation did not change growth performance and helped maintain the normal serum calcium concentrations in wounded fish. Furthermore, a reduction in inflammation around wounds in the animals fed yeast with respect to that fed control diet was evident in the histological study. Furthermore, increased levels of stress-related gene expression in liver and skin from wounded fish were obtained. Overall, yeast supplementation seemed to be a functional and appropriate dietary additive to improve skin recovery reducing the stress resulting from wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal Espinosa
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria Ángeles Esteban
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Wang L, Fu Y, Yu B, Jiang X, Liu H, Liu J, Zha B, Chu Y. HSP70, a Novel Regulatory Molecule in B Cell-Mediated Suppression of Autoimmune Diseases. J Mol Biol 2020; 433:166634. [PMID: 32860772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
B cells have recently emerged as playing regulatory role in autoimmune diseases. We have previously demonstrated that human peripheral blood CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells have regulatory function both in healthy donors and in patients with autoimmune disease. However, the mechanism of this regulation is still not fully understood. In this study, microarrays were utilized to compare gene expression of CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells (regulatory B cells, Bregs) with CD19+CD24loCD27- B cells (non-Bregs) in human peripheral blood. We found that heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression was significantly upregulated in Bregs. In vitro studies explored that HSP70 inhibition impaired the regulatory function of peripheral blood Bregs. In mouse models of autoimmune disease, using HSP70-deficient mice or HSP70 inhibitors, Bregs suppressed effector cells and rescued disease-associated phenotypes that were dependent on HSP70. Mechanistically, Bregs secreted HSP70, directly suppressing effector cells, such as T effect cells. These findings reveal that HSP70 is a novel factor that modulates Breg function and suggest that enhancing Breg-mediated production of HSP70 could be a viable therapy for autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luman Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Biotherapy Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Baichao Yu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xuechao Jiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongchun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingbing Zha
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yiwei Chu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Biotherapy Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) are discovered long back but the idea that SCs possess therapeutic potential came up just a few decades back. In a past decade stem cell therapy is highly emerged and displayed tremendous potential for the treatment of a wide range of diseases and disorders such as blindness and vision impairment, type I diabetes, infertility, HIV, etc. SCs are very susceptible to destruction after transplantation into the host because of the inability to sustain elevated stress conditions inside the damaged tissue/organ. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones/stress proteins expressed in response to stress (elevated temperature, harmful chemicals, ischemia, viruses, etc) inside a living cell. HSPs protect the cell from damage by assisting in the proper folding of cellular proteins. This review briefly summarises different types of HSPs, their classification, cellular functions as well as the role of HSPs in regulating SC self-renewal and survival in the transplanted host. Applications of HSP modulated SCs in regenerative medicine and for the treatment of ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction (MI), osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke, spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), leukemia, hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are discussed. In order to provide potential insights in understanding molecular mechanisms related to SCs in vertebrates, correlations between HSPs and SCs in cnidarians and planarians are also reviewed. There is a need to advance research in order to validate the use of HSPs for SC therapy and establish effective treatment strategies.
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46
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Bandyopadhayaya S, Ford B, Mandal CC. Cold-hearted: A case for cold stress in cancer risk. J Therm Biol 2020; 91:102608. [PMID: 32716858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A negative correlation exists between environmental temperature and cancer risk based on both epidemiological and statistical analyses. Previously, cold stress was reported to be an effective cause of tumorigenesis. Several studies have demonstrated that cold temperature serves as a potential risk factor in cancer development. Most recently, a link was demonstrated between the effects of extreme cold climate on cancer incidence, pinpointing its impact on tumour suppressor genes by causing mutation. The underlying mechanism behind cold stress and its association with tumorigenesis is not well understood. Hence, this review intends to shed light on the role of associated factors, genetic and/or non-genetic, which are modulated by cold temperature, and eventually influence tumorigenic potential. While scrutinizing the effect of cold exposure on the body, the expression of certain genes, e.g. uncoupled proteins and heat-shock proteins, were elevated. Biological chemicals such as norepinephrine, thyroxine, and cholesterol were also elevated. Brown adipose tissue, which plays an essential role in thermogenesis, displayed enhanced activity upon cold exposure. Adaptive measures are utilized by the body to tolerate the cold, and in doing so, invites both epigenetic and genetic changes. Unknowingly, these adaptive strategies give rise to a lethal outcome i.e., genesis of cancer. Concisely, this review attempts to draw a link between cold stress, genetic and epigenetic changes, and tumorigenesis and aspires to ascertain the mechanism behind cold temperature-mediated cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bridget Ford
- Department of Biology, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX, 78209, USA
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, 305817, India.
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Arvanitidou S, Martinelli-Kläy CP, Samson J, Lobrinus JA, Dulguerov N, Lombardi T. HSP105 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Correlation with clinicopathological features and outcomes. J Oral Pathol Med 2020; 49:665-671. [PMID: 32128880 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are released in response to stress situations, such as heat, inflammation, and infection. They are also involved in the tumor cell proliferation and prevention of apoptosis. Heat shock protein 105 (Hsp105/110) is a high-molecular-weight protein, which has been reported in many cancer types but few studies have been carried out on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In the current study, we have focused on HSP105 expression on OSCC and evaluated their correlation with tumor clinicopathological parameters and patients' survival. METHODS A retrospective study included 70 patients with OSCC of which 50 patients (71.4%) were male and 20 (28.6%) were female. The patient's information, including age, location, TNM stage, histological grade, regional metastasis, recurrence, and survival, were collected. Immunohistochemical staining for HSP105 was performed. The healthy oral mucosa (n = 10) was used as a control. The staining intensity and percentage of stained cells were semi-quantitatively evaluated, and HSP105 expression was correlated with tumor clinicopathological features and patient survival. RESULTS Statistical analysis for HSP105 showed that there was no significant correlation with tumor clinicopathological features. However, HSP105 overexpression was associated with a decrease in the duration of patients' survival (P = .042). CONCLUSION This result suggests that the increased expression of the HSP105 in the OSCC could be a prognostic factor for malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souzana Arvanitidou
- Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Oral Medicine and Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Unit, Division of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carla P Martinelli-Kläy
- Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Oral Medicine and Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Unit, Division of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jacky Samson
- Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Oral Medicine and Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Unit, Division of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Johannes A Lobrinus
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Dulguerov
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tommaso Lombardi
- Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Oral Medicine and Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Unit, Division of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Panettieri V, Chatzifotis S, Messina CM, Olivotto I, Manuguerra S, Randazzo B, Ariano A, Bovera F, Santulli A, Severino L, Piccolo G. Honey Bee Pollen in Meagre ( Argyrosomus regius) Juvenile Diets: Effects on Growth, Diet Digestibility, Intestinal Traits, and Biochemical Markers Related to Health and Stress. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10020231. [PMID: 32023987 PMCID: PMC7070276 DOI: 10.3390/ani10020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of honey bee pollen (HBP) in meagre (Argyrosoumus regius) juveniles' diets on growth performance, diet digestibility, intestinal morphology, and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, stress-related molecular markers and biochemical blood profile of fish were evaluated, together with mineral trace and toxic element concentration in pollen and diets. Specimens of meagre (360) of 3.34 ± 0.14 g initial body weight, were randomly allocated to twelve 500 L circular tanks (30 fish per tank). Four diets were formulated: a control diet and three experimental diets with 1%, 2.5%, and 4% of HBP inclusion. All the growth parameters and crude protein and ether extract digestibility coefficients were negatively linearly affected by increased HBP inclusion (p < 0.0001). Histology of medium intestine showed slight signs of alterations in group HPB1 and HPB2.5 compared to control. Fish from HBP4 group showed severe alterations at the intestinal mucosa level. Immunohistochemical detection of TNF-α in the medium intestine showed the presence of TNF-α+ cells in the lamina propria, which resulted in accordance with the increased level of the TNF-α protein detected by immunoblotting in the liver. This stress situation was confirmed by the increased hepatic level of HSP70 (p < 0.05) in fish fed the HBP4 diet and by the linear decrease of total serum protein levels in HBP-containing diets (p < 0.0001). These negative effects can be related to the ultrastructure of the bee pollen grain walls, which make the bioactive substances unavailable and can irritate the intestine of a carnivorous fish such as meagre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Panettieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (V.P.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Stavros Chatzifotis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Gournes Pediados P.O. Box 2214,71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;
| | - Concetta Maria Messina
- DiSTeM, Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (C.M.M.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Ike Olivotto
- Department of sea science, University Polytechnic of Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60100 Ancona, Italy; (I.O.); (B.R.)
| | - Simona Manuguerra
- DiSTeM, Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (C.M.M.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Basilio Randazzo
- Department of sea science, University Polytechnic of Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60100 Ancona, Italy; (I.O.); (B.R.)
| | - Andrea Ariano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (V.P.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Fulvia Bovera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (V.P.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-253-6497
| | - Andrea Santulli
- DiSTeM, Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (C.M.M.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
- Consorzio Universitario della Provincia di Trapani, Institute of Marine Biology, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy
| | - Lorella Severino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (V.P.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Giovanni Piccolo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (V.P.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (G.P.)
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Lindholm-Perry AK, Freetly HC, Oliver WT, Rempel LA, Keel BN. Genes associated with body weight gain and feed intake identified by meta-analysis of the mesenteric fat from crossbred beef steers. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227154. [PMID: 31910243 PMCID: PMC6946124 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenteric fat is a visceral fat depot that increases with cattle maturity and can be influenced by diet. There may be a relationship between the accumulation of mesenteric fat and feed efficiency in beef cattle. The purpose of this study was to identify genes that may be differentially expressed in steers with high and low BW gain and feed intake. RNA-Seq was used to evaluate the transcript abundance of genes in the mesenteric fat from a total of 78 steers collected over 5 different cohorts. A meta-analysis was used to identify genes involved with gain, feed intake or the interaction of both phenotypes. The interaction analysis identified 11 genes as differentially expressed. For the main effect of gain, a total of 87 differentially expressed genes (DEG) were identified (PADJ<0.05), and 24 were identified in the analysis for feed intake. Genes identified for gain were involved in functions and pathways including lipid metabolism, stress response/protein folding, cell proliferation/growth, axon guidance and inflammation. The genes for feed intake did not cluster into pathways, but some of the DEG for intake had functions related to inflammation, immunity, and/or signal transduction (JCHAIN, RIPK1, LY86, SPP1, LYZ, CD5, CD53, SRPX, and NF2). At PADJ<0.1, only 4 genes (OLFML3, LOC100300716, MRPL15, and PUS10) were identified as differentially expressed in two or more cohorts, highlighting the importance of evaluating the transcriptome of more than one group of animals and incorporating a meta-analysis. This meta-analysis has produced many mesenteric fat DEG that may be contributing to gain and feed intake in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K. Lindholm-Perry
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, United States Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Harvey C. Freetly
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, United States Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - William T. Oliver
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, United States Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Lea A. Rempel
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, United States Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Brittney N. Keel
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, United States Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska, United States of America
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50
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Carmona P, Medina-Armenteros Y, Cabral A, Monteiro SM, Gonçalves Fonseca S, Faria AC, Lemos F, Saitovitch D, Noronha IL, Kalil J, Coelho V. Regulatory/inflammatory cellular response discrimination in operational tolerance. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019; 34:2143-2154. [PMID: 31280312 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfz114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antigen-specific cellular response is essential in immune tolerance. We tested whether antigen-specific cellular response is differentially modulated in operational tolerance (OT) in renal transplantation with respect to critical antigenic challenges in allotransplantation-donor antigens, pathogenic antigens and self-antigens. METHODS We analysed the profile of immunoregulatory (REG) and pro-inflammatory (INFLAMMA) cytokines for the antigen-specific response directed to these three antigen groups, by Luminex. RESULTS We showed that, in contrast to chronic rejection and healthy individuals, OT gives rise to an immunoregulatory deviation in the cellular response to donor human leucocyte antigen DR isotype peptides, while preserving the pro-inflammatory response to pathogenic peptides. Cellular autoreactivity to the N6 heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) peptide also showed a REG profile in OT, increasing IL4, IL-5, IL-10 and IL-13. CONCLUSIONS The REG shift of donor indirect alloreactivity in OT, with inhibition of interleukin (IL)-1B, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, Interferon-γ and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, indicates that this may be an important mechanism in OT. In addition, the differential REG profile of cellular response to the Hsp60 peptide in OT suggests that REG autoimmunity may also play a role in human transplantation tolerance. Despite cross-reactivity of antigen-specific T cell responses, a systemic functional antigen-specific discrimination takes place in OT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Carmona
- Laboratório de Imunologia, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia-Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, Brazil
| | - Yordanka Medina-Armenteros
- Laboratório de Imunologia, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia-Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, Brazil
| | - Amanda Cabral
- Laboratório de Imunologia, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia-Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Monteiro
- Laboratório de Imunologia, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia-Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, Brazil
| | - Simone Gonçalves Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia-Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, Brazil.,Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Ana Caetano Faria
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia-Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Francine Lemos
- Serviço de Transplante Renal, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - David Saitovitch
- Divisão de Nefrologia, Hospital São Lucas, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Irene L Noronha
- Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia-Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, Brazil.,Laboratório de Nefrologia Celular e Molecular, Divisão de Nefrologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jorge Kalil
- Laboratório de Imunologia, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia-Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, Brazil
| | - Verônica Coelho
- Laboratório de Imunologia, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia-Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-iii-INCT, Brazil
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