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Süsal C, Alvarez CM, Benning L, Daniel V, Zeier M, Schaier M, Morath C, Speer C. The balance between memory and regulatory cell populations in kidney transplant recipients with operational tolerance. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 216:318-330. [PMID: 38393856 PMCID: PMC11097908 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Donor-reactive memory cells represent a barrier to long-term kidney graft survival. A better understanding of regulatory mechanisms that counterbalance alloreactive memory responses may help to identify patients with operational tolerance. This prospective study investigated the equilibrium between memory T-cell subsets and regulatory T or B cells (Tregs, Bregs) in peripheral blood of kidney transplant recipients with operational tolerance (N = 8), chronic rejection (N = 8), and different immunosuppressive treatment regimens (N = 81). Patients on hemodialysis and healthy individuals served as controls (N = 50). In addition, the expression of Treg- and Breg-associated molecule genes was analyzed. Patients with chronic rejection showed a disrupted memory T-cell composition with a significantly higher frequency of circulating CD8+ terminally differentiated effector memory (TEMRA) T cells than patients with operational tolerance, patients on hemodialysis, or healthy controls (P < 0.001). Low frequency of CD8+ TEMRA and high frequency of Tregs and transitional Bregs were found in operationally tolerant patients. Consequently, operationally tolerant patients showed, as compared to all other transplant recipients with different immunosuppressive regiments, the lowest ratios between CD8+ TEMRA T cells and Tregs or Bregs (for both P < 0.001). Moreover, a specific peripheral blood transcription pattern was found in operationally tolerant patients with an increased expression of Breg- and Treg-associated genes CD22 and FoxP3 and a decreased FcγRIIA/FcγRIIB transcript ratio (for all P < 0.001). In conclusion, monitoring the balance between circulating CD8+ TEMRA T cells and regulatory cell subsets and their transcripts may help to distinguish transplant recipients with operational tolerance from recipients at risk of graft loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caner Süsal
- Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Transplant Immunology Research Center of Excellence, Koç University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cristiam M Alvarez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Louise Benning
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Daniel
- Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schaier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Morath
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudius Speer
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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2
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Hall G. Interleukin-15 in kidney disease and therapeutics. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2024; 33:174-180. [PMID: 38164877 PMCID: PMC10893218 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is a member of the IL-2 family of common gamma chain receptor cytokines with well described anti-inflammatory, pro-survival and pro-proliferative signaling properties. The cytoprotective role of IL-15 in the kidney is now coming into focus with recent reports of its beneficial actions in various forms of kidney disease. This review will summarize what is currently known about IL-15 signaling in the kidney and highlight recent evidence of its beneficial effects on kidney physiology. RECENT FINDINGS IL-15 and its heterotrimeric receptor are expressed throughout the kidney. Like all IL-2 family cytokines, IL-15 can activate signaling through the Janus Kinase (JAK)/Signal transducer of activated T-cells (STAT), phosphoinositol-3 kinase (PI-3K)/AKT and mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways and recent evidence suggests that STAT5B is an essential transcriptional mediator of prosurvival signaling in glomerular visceral epithelial cells (i.e. podocytes). IL-15 has also been shown to suppress pro-apoptotic signaling in models of acute kidney injury and pro-fibrotic signaling in models of chronic kidney disease. SUMMARY The cytoprotective properties of IL-15 suggest that it may have potential as a nonimmunosuppresive therapeutic for kidney disease. A novel class of IL-15 immunotherapies has emerged for the treatment cancer and some have demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials. These well tolerated IL-15 agonists could possibly be repurposed for the treatment of kidney disease and warrant further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gentzon Hall
- Division of Nephrology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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3
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Laphanuwat P, Gomes DCO, Akbar AN. Senescent T cells: Beneficial and detrimental roles. Immunol Rev 2023; 316:160-175. [PMID: 37098109 PMCID: PMC10952287 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
As the thymus involutes during aging, the T-cell pool has to be maintained by the periodic expansion of preexisting T cells during adulthood. A conundrum is that repeated episodes of activation and proliferation drive the differentiation of T cells toward replicative senescence, due to telomere erosion. This review discusses mechanisms that regulate the end-stage differentiation (senescence) of T cells. Although these cells, within both CD4 and CD8 compartments, lose proliferative activity after antigen-specific challenge, they acquire innate-like immune function. While this may confer broad immune protection during aging, these senescent T cells may also cause immunopathology, especially in the context of excessive inflammation in tissue microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phatthamon Laphanuwat
- Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Department of PharmacologyFaculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand
| | - Daniel Claudio Oliveira Gomes
- Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Núcleo de Doenças InfecciosasUniversidade Federal do Espírito SantoVitoriaBrazil
- Núcleo de BiotecnologiaUniversidade Federal do Espírito SantoVitoriaBrazil
| | - Arne N. Akbar
- Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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Strickland M, Lee S, Neo SY, Balachander A, Low I, Mustafah S, Goh WI, Wright GD, Larbi A, Pender SLF. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in CD4+ T Effector Memory RA+ Cells. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040597. [PMID: 37106796 PMCID: PMC10136242 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Human ageing is accompanied by poor responses to infection and decreased vaccine efficacy. While the causes of this can be attributed to defects in the immune system that increase with age, it is unknown whether mitochondrial dysfunction may also contribute to these phenomena. This study aims to assess mitochondrial dysfunction in CD4+ terminal effector memory T cells re-expressing CD45RA (TEMRA) cells and other CD4+ memory T cell subtypes, which are increased in number in the elderly population, with respect to how their metabolic responses to stimulation are altered compared to CD4+ naïve T cells. In this study, we show that CD4+ TEMRA cells exhibit altered mitochondrial dynamics compared to CD4+ naïve cells and CD4+ central and effector memory cells, with a 25% reduction in OPA1 expression. CD4+ TEMRA and memory cells show increased upregulation of Glucose transporter 1 following stimulation and higher levels of mitochondrial mass compared to CD4+ naïve T cells. Additionally, TEMRA cells exhibit a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential compared to other CD4+ memory cell subsets by up to 50%. By comparing young to aged individuals, more significant mitochondria mass and lower membrane potential were observed in CD4+ TEMRA of young individuals. In conclusion, we suggest that CD4+ TEMRA cells may be impaired with respect to their metabolic response to stimulation, possibly contributing to impaired responses to infection and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Strickland
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Salanne Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Shi Yong Neo
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Akhila Balachander
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Ivy Low
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Seri Mustafah
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Wah Ing Goh
- Research Support Centre (RSC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix Building, Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Graham D Wright
- Research Support Centre (RSC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix Building, Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
- Research Support Centre (RSC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix Building, Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Sylvia L F Pender
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
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Xiong H, Cui M, Kong N, Jing J, Xu Y, Liu X, Yang F, Xu Z, Yan Y, Zhao D, Zou Z, Xia M, Cen J, Tan G, Huai C, Fu Q, Guo Q, Chen K. Cytotoxic CD161 -CD8 + T EMRA cells contribute to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. EBioMedicine 2023; 90:104507. [PMID: 36893588 PMCID: PMC10011749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypical autoimmune disease affecting multiple organs and tissues with high cellular heterogeneity. CD8+ T cell activity is involved in the SLE pathogenesis. However, the cellular heterogeneity and the underlying mechanisms of CD8+ T cells in SLE remain to be identified. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of PBMCs from a SLE family pedigree (including 3 HCs and 2 SLE patients) was performed to identify the SLE-associated CD8+ T cell subsets. Flow cytometry analysis of a SLE cohort (including 23 HCs and 33 SLE patients), qPCR analysis of another SLE cohort (including 30 HCs and 25 SLE patients) and public scRNA-seq datasets of autoimmune diseases were employed to validate the finding. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) of this SLE family pedigree was used to investigate the genetic basis in dysregulation of CD8+ T cell subsets identified in this study. Co-culture experiments were performed to analyze the activity of CD8+ T cells. FINDINGS We elucidated the cellular heterogeneity of SLE and identified a new highly cytotoxic CD8+ T cell subset, CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cell subpopulation, which was remarkably increased in SLE patients. Meanwhile, we discovered a close correlation between mutation of DTHD1 and the abnormal accumulation of CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cells in SLE. DTHD1 interacted with MYD88 to suppress its activity in T cells and DTHD1 mutation promoted MYD88-dependent pathway and subsequently increased the proliferation and cytotoxicity of CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cells. Furthermore, the differentially expressed genes in CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cells displayed a strong out-of-sample prediction for case-control status of SLE. INTERPRETATION This study identified DTHD1-associated expansion of CD161-CD8+ TEMRA cell subpopulation is critical for SLE. Our study highlights genetic association and cellular heterogeneity of SLE pathogenesis and provides a mechanistical insight into the diagnosis and treatment of SLE. FUNDINGS Stated in the Acknowledgements section of the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Mintian Cui
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ni Kong
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jiongjie Jing
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Xiuting Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Dongyang Zhao
- Department of Internal Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Ziqi Zou
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Meng Xia
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Junjie Cen
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Guozhen Tan
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Cong Huai
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Qiong Fu
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200127, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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6
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Kang P, Yu H, Li Y, Wen X, Ye H, Luo Y, Yang Y, Yuan Q, Lin S. Tracking Peripheral Memory T Cell Subsets in Advanced Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Hypofractionated Radiotherapy and PD-1 Blockade. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:3221510. [PMID: 39282224 PMCID: PMC11401694 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3221510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) or chemotherapy combined with programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade has achieved good clinical control in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the relative influence of HFRT + PD-1 blockade and chemo-immunotherapy on peripheral memory T cell subsets in NSCLC responders has not been evaluated in clinical practice. Thirty-nine patients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled. The frequencies of naive (Tn; CD45RA+CCR7+), central memory (Tcm; CD45RA-CCR7+), effector memory (Tem; CD45RA-CCR7-), and effector memory RA (TemRA; CD45RA+CCR7-) T cell subsets and PD-1 expression were analyzed in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells using flow cytometry from peripheral blood samples. The correlations of memory T cell subsets and PD-1 expression with overall survival in HFRT + PD-1 blockade group were examined using the Kaplan-Meier method. Patients with partial response to HFRT + PD-1 blockade showed reduction in Tn and expansion in TemRA cell subpopulations among CD8+ T cells and reduced PD-1+CD4+ and PD-1+CD8+ T cells, all of which were significantly correlated with overall survival. The responders to chemo-immunotherapy showed expansion of the TemRA and decrease of Tcm in CD8+ T cell subpopulation. Our findings show that HFRT+PD-1 blockade and chemo-immunotherapy combination therapies induce differential memory T cell subset differentiation, offering predictive markers for treatment response. Clinical Trial Information: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ChiCTR-1900027768.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyuan Kang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Xue Wen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Yuhao Luo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Yaqi Yang
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Institute of Neclear Medicine, Southwest Medical Universty, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; Institute of Neclear Medicine, Southwest Medical Universty, Luzhou 646000, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, Luzhou, China
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7
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Han S, Georgiev P, Ringel AE, Sharpe AH, Haigis MC. Age-associated remodeling of T cell immunity and metabolism. Cell Metab 2023; 35:36-55. [PMID: 36473467 PMCID: PMC10799654 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging results in remodeling of T cell immunity and is associated with poor clinical outcomes in age-related diseases such as cancer. Among the hallmarks of aging, changes in host and cellular metabolism critically affect the development, maintenance, and function of T cells. Although metabolic perturbations impact anti-tumor T cell responses, the link between age-associated metabolic dysfunction and anti-tumor immunity remains unclear. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of aged T cell metabolism, with a focus on the bioenergetic and immunologic features of T cell subsets unique to the aging process. We also survey insights into mechanisms of metabolic T cell dysfunction in aging and discuss the impacts of aging on the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. As the average life expectancy continues to increase, understanding the interplay between age-related metabolic reprogramming and maladaptive T cell immunity will be instrumental for the development of therapeutic strategies for older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeongJun Han
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter Georgiev
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alison E Ringel
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Marcia C Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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8
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Doan Ngoc TM, Tilly G, Danger R, Bonizec O, Masset C, Guérif P, Bruneau S, Glemain A, Harb J, Cadoux M, Vivet A, Mai HL, Garcia A, Laplaud D, Liblau R, Giral M, Blandin S, Feyeux M, Dubreuil L, Pecqueur C, Cyr M, Ni W, Brouard S, Degauque N. Effector Memory-Expressing CD45RA (TEMRA) CD8 + T Cells from Kidney Transplant Recipients Exhibit Enhanced Purinergic P2X4 Receptor-Dependent Proinflammatory and Migratory Responses. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:2211-2231. [PMID: 36280286 PMCID: PMC9731633 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2022030286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms regulating CD8+ T cell migration to nonlymphoid tissue during inflammation have not been fully elucidated, and the migratory properties of effector memory CD8+ T cells that re-express CD45RA (TEMRA CD8+ T cells) remain unclear, despite their roles in autoimmune diseases and allotransplant rejection. METHODS We used single-cell proteomic profiling and functional testing of CD8+ T cell subsets to characterize their effector functions and migratory properties in healthy volunteers and kidney transplant recipients with stable or humoral rejection. RESULTS We showed that humoral rejection of a kidney allograft is associated with an accumulation of cytolytic TEMRA CD8+ T cells in blood and kidney graft biopsies. TEMRA CD8+ T cells from kidney transplant recipients exhibited enhanced migratory properties compared with effector memory (EM) CD8+ T cells, with enhanced adhesion to activated endothelium and transmigration in response to the chemokine CXCL12. CXCL12 directly triggers a purinergic P2×4 receptor-dependent proinflammatory response of TEMRA CD8+ T cells from transplant recipients. The stimulation with IL-15 promotes the CXCL12-induced migration of TEMRA and EM CD8+ T cells and promotes the generation of functional PSGL1, which interacts with the cell adhesion molecule P-selectin and adhesion of these cells to activated endothelium. Although disruption of the interaction between functional PSGL1 and P-selectin prevents the adhesion and transmigration of both TEMRA and EM CD8+ T cells, targeting VLA-4 or LFA-1 (integrins involved in T cell migration) specifically inhibited the migration of TEMRA CD8+ T cells from kidney transplant recipients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the active role of TEMRA CD8+ T cells in humoral transplant rejection and suggest that kidney transplant recipients may benefit from therapeutics targeting these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tra-My Doan Ngoc
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Gaëlle Tilly
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Richard Danger
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Orianne Bonizec
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Christophe Masset
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Pierrick Guérif
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Sarah Bruneau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Alexandre Glemain
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Jean Harb
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Marion Cadoux
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Anaïs Vivet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Hoa Le Mai
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Alexandra Garcia
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - David Laplaud
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Roland Liblau
- CNRS, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UPS, Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Department of Immunology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Magali Giral
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Stéphanie Blandin
- CHU Nantes, CNRS, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, BioCore, US16, SFR Bonamy, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Magalie Feyeux
- CHU Nantes, CNRS, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, BioCore, US16, SFR Bonamy, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | | | - Claire Pecqueur
- Université d’Angers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, CNRS, CRCI2NA, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Matthew Cyr
- IsoPlexis Corporation, Branford, Connecticut
| | - Weiming Ni
- IsoPlexis Corporation, Branford, Connecticut
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Degauque
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
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9
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Lee GH, Lee JY, Jang J, Kang YJ, Choi SA, Kim HC, Park S, Kim MS, Lee W. Anti‐thymocyte globulin‐mediated immunosenescent alterations of T cells in kidney transplant patients. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1431. [PMCID: PMC9686013 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Kidney transplant (KT) is the most effective treatment for end‐stage renal disease. The immunosuppressant anti‐thymocyte globulin (ATG) has been applied for induction therapy to reduce the risk of acute transplant rejection for patients at high immunological risk. Despite its putative role in replicative stress during immune reconstitution, the effects of ATG on T‐cell immunosenescent changes remain to be understood. Methods Phenotypic and functional features of senescent T cells were examined by flow cytometry in 116 healthy controls (HC) and 95 KT patients for comparative analysis according to ATG treatment and CMV reactivation. The TCR repertoire was analysed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of KT patients. Results T cells of KT patients treated with ATG (ATG+) show typical immunosenescent features, accumulation of CD28−, CD85j+ or CD57+ T cells, and imbalance of functional T‐cell subsets, compared with untreated KT patients (ATG−). Plasma IL‐15 and CMV‐IgG levels were higher in KT patients than in HCs, and the IL‐15 level positively correlated with the frequency of CD28− T cells in KT patients. ATG+ patients had a higher prevalence of CMV reactivation, which is associated with an increased frequency of CD28− T cells. As a result, ATG+ patients had expanded CMV‐specific T cells and decreased TCR diversity. However, proliferation, cytokine‐producing capacity and polyfunctionality of T cells were preserved in ATG+ patients. Conclusion Our findings suggest that ATG treatment contributes to the accumulation of senescent T cells, which may have lifelong clinical implications in KT patients. Thus, these patients require long‐term and comprehensive immune monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Hye Lee
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jee Youn Lee
- Department of SurgeryKangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jiyeon Jang
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Yeon Jun Kang
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Seung Ah Choi
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive MedicineYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Sungha Park
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular HospitalYonsei University Health SystemSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Myoung Soo Kim
- Department of SurgeryYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Won‐Woo Lee
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea,Cancer Research Institute, Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, and Institute of Infectious DiseasesSeoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research InstituteSeoulSouth Korea
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10
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Choi YJ, Lee H, Kim JH, Kim SY, Koh JY, Sa M, Park SH, Shin EC. CD5 Suppresses IL-15–Induced Proliferation of Human Memory CD8+ T Cells by Inhibiting mTOR Pathways. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 209:1108-1117. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
IL-15 induces the proliferation of memory CD8+ T cells as well as NK cells. The expression of CD5 inversely correlates with the IL-15 responsiveness of human memory CD8+ T cells. However, whether CD5 directly regulates IL-15–induced proliferation of human memory CD8+ T cells is unknown. In the current study, we demonstrate that human memory CD8+ T cells in advanced stages of differentiation respond to IL-15 better than human memory CD8+ T cells in stages of less differentiation. We also found that the expression level of CD5 is the best correlate for IL-15 hyporesponsiveness among human memory CD8+ T cells. Importantly, we found that IL-15–induced proliferation of human memory CD8+ T cells is significantly enhanced by blocking CD5 with Abs or knocking down CD5 expression using small interfering RNA, indicating that CD5 directly suppresses the IL-15–induced proliferation of human memory CD8+ T cells. We also found that CD5 inhibits activation of the mTOR pathway, which is required for IL-15–induced proliferation of human memory CD8+ T cells. Taken together, the results indicate that CD5 is not just a correlative marker for IL-15 hyporesponsiveness, but it also directly suppresses IL-15–induced proliferation of human memory CD8+ T cells by inhibiting mTOR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Joon Choi
- *Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- †Department of Ophthalmology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hoyoung Lee
- *Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- ‡The Center for Viral Immunology, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Jong Hoon Kim
- *Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- §Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Kim
- *Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Young Koh
- *Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Moa Sa
- *Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyung Park
- *Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- *Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- ‡The Center for Viral Immunology, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; and
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11
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Immune Memory in Aging: a Wide Perspective Covering Microbiota, Brain, Metabolism, and Epigenetics. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2021; 63:499-529. [PMID: 34910283 PMCID: PMC8671603 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-021-08905-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Non-specific innate and antigen-specific adaptive immunological memories are vital evolutionary adaptations that confer long-lasting protection against a wide range of pathogens. Adaptive memory is established by memory T and B lymphocytes following the recognition of an antigen. On the other hand, innate immune memory, also called trained immunity, is imprinted in innate cells such as macrophages and natural killer cells through epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming. However, these mechanisms of memory generation and maintenance are compromised as organisms age. Almost all immune cell types, both mature cells and their progenitors, go through age-related changes concerning numbers and functions. The aging immune system renders the elderly highly susceptible to infections and incapable of mounting a proper immune response upon vaccinations. Besides the increased infectious burden, older individuals also have heightened risks of metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases, which have an immunological component. This review discusses how immune function, particularly the establishment and maintenance of innate and adaptive immunological memory, regulates and is regulated by epigenetics, metabolic processes, gut microbiota, and the central nervous system throughout life, with a focus on old age. We explain in-depth how epigenetics and cellular metabolism impact immune cell function and contribute or resist the aging process. Microbiota is intimately linked with the immune system of the human host, and therefore, plays an important role in immunological memory during both homeostasis and aging. The brain, which is not an immune-isolated organ despite former opinion, interacts with the peripheral immune cells, and the aging of both systems influences the health of each other. With all these in mind, we aimed to present a comprehensive view of the aging immune system and its consequences, especially in terms of immunological memory. The review also details the mechanisms of promising anti-aging interventions and highlights a few, namely, caloric restriction, physical exercise, metformin, and resveratrol, that impact multiple facets of the aging process, including the regulation of innate and adaptive immune memory. We propose that understanding aging as a complex phenomenon, with the immune system at the center role interacting with all the other tissues and systems, would allow for more effective anti-aging strategies.
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12
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Daniel L, Tassery M, Lateur C, Thierry A, Herbelin A, Gombert JM, Barbarin A. Allotransplantation Is Associated With Exacerbation of CD8 T-Cell Senescence: The Particular Place of the Innate CD8 T-Cell Component. Front Immunol 2021; 12:674016. [PMID: 34367138 PMCID: PMC8334557 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosenescence is a physiological process that is associated with changes in the immune system, particularly among CD8 T-cells. Recent studies have hypothesized that senescent CD8 T-cells are produced with chronologic age by chronic stimulation, leading to the acquisition of hallmarks of innate-like T-cells. While conventional CD8 T-cells are quite well characterized, CD8 T-cells sharing features of NK cells and memory CD8 T-cells, are a newly described immune cell population. They can be distinguished from conventional CD8 T-cells by their combined expression of panKIR/NKG2A and Eomesodermin (E), a unique phenotype closely associated with IFN-γ production in response to innate stimulation. Here, we first provided new evidence in favor of the innate character of panKIR/NKG2A(+) E(+) CD8 T-cells in normal subjects, documenting their position at an intermediate level in the innateness gradient in terms of both innate IFN-γ production and diminished mitochondrial mass. We also revealed that CD8 E(+) panKIR/NKG2A(+) T-cells, hereafter referred to as Innate E(+) CD8 T-cells, exhibit increased senescent (CD27(-) CD28(-)) phenotype, compared to their conventional memory counterparts. Surprisingly, this phenomenon was not dependent on age. Given that inflammation related to chronic viral infection is known to induce NK-like marker expression and a senescence phenotype among CD8 T-cells, we hypothesized that innate E(+) CD8 T-cells will be preferentially associated with exacerbated cellular senescence in response to chronic alloantigen exposure or CMV infection. Accordingly, in a pilot cohort of stable kidney allotransplant recipients, we observed an increased frequency of the Innate E(+) CD8 T-cell subset, together with an exacerbated senescent phenotype. Importantly, this phenotype cannot be explained by age alone, in clear contrast to their conventional memory counterparts. The senescent phenotype in CD8 T-cells was further increased in cytomegalovirus (CMV) positive serology transplant recipients, suggesting that transplantation and CMV, rather than aging by itself, may promote an exacerbated senescent phenotype of innate CD8 T-cells. In conclusion, we proposed that kidney transplantation, via the setting of inflammatory stimuli of alloantigen exposure and CMV infection, may exogenously age the CD8 T-cell compartment, especially its innate component. The physiopathological consequences of this change in the immune system remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Daniel
- Inserm U1082, Poitiers, France.,Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Marion Tassery
- Service de Néphrologie, Hémodialyse et Transplantation, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Clara Lateur
- Service d'Immunologie et Inflammation, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Antoine Thierry
- Inserm U1082, Poitiers, France.,Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service de Néphrologie, Hémodialyse et Transplantation, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - André Herbelin
- Inserm U1082, Poitiers, France.,Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-Marc Gombert
- Inserm U1082, Poitiers, France.,Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service d'Immunologie et Inflammation, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Alice Barbarin
- Inserm U1082, Poitiers, France.,CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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13
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Boßlau TK, Wasserfurth P, Krüger B, Reichel T, Palmowski J, Nebl J, Weyh C, Schenk A, Joisten N, Stahl F, Thoms S, Gebhardt K, Hahn A, Krüger K. Abdominal Obesity-Related Disturbance of Insulin Sensitivity Is Associated with CD8 + EMRA Cells in the Elderly. Cells 2021; 10:cells10050998. [PMID: 33922813 PMCID: PMC8146929 DOI: 10.3390/cells10050998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and overweight increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate the potential mediating role of T-EMRA cells and inflammatory markers in the development of a decreased insulin sensitivity. A total of 134 healthy older volunteers were recruited (age 59.2 (SD 5.6) years). T cell subpopulations were analyzed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, body composition, HOMA-IR, plasma tryptophan (Trp) metabolites, as well as cytokines and adipokines were determined. Using subgroup and covariance analyses, the influence of BMI on the parameters was evaluated. Moreover, correlation, multiple regression, and mediation analyses were performed. In the subgroup of participants with obesity, an increased proportion of CD8+EMRA cells and elevated concentrations of plasma kynurenine (KYN) were found compared to the lower-weight subgroups. Linear regression analysis revealed that an elevated HOMA-IR could be predicted by a higher proportion of CD8+EMRA cells and KYN levels. A mediation analysis showed a robust indirect effect of the Waist-to-hip ratio on HOMA-IR mediated by CD8+EMRA cells. Thus, the deleterious effects of abdominal obesity on glucose metabolism might be mediated by CD8+EMRA cells in the elderly. Longitudinal studies should validate this assumption and analyze the suitability of CD8+EMRA cells as early predictors of incipient prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim K. Boßlau
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394 Giessen, Germany; (T.K.B.); (T.R.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (K.G.)
| | - Paulina Wasserfurth
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30159 Hannover, Germany; (P.W.); (J.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Britta Krüger
- Nemolab, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Thomas Reichel
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394 Giessen, Germany; (T.K.B.); (T.R.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (K.G.)
| | - Jana Palmowski
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394 Giessen, Germany; (T.K.B.); (T.R.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (K.G.)
| | - Josefine Nebl
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30159 Hannover, Germany; (P.W.); (J.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Christopher Weyh
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394 Giessen, Germany; (T.K.B.); (T.R.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (K.G.)
| | - Alexander Schenk
- Department of Performance and Health, Institute of Sports and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 3, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; (A.S.); (N.J.)
| | - Niklas Joisten
- Department of Performance and Health, Institute of Sports and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 3, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; (A.S.); (N.J.)
| | - Frank Stahl
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany; (F.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Stefanie Thoms
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany; (F.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Kristina Gebhardt
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394 Giessen, Germany; (T.K.B.); (T.R.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (K.G.)
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30159 Hannover, Germany; (P.W.); (J.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Karsten Krüger
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394 Giessen, Germany; (T.K.B.); (T.R.); (J.P.); (C.W.); (K.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-641-992-5211
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14
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Chambers ES, Akbar AN. Can blocking inflammation enhance immunity during aging? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 145:1323-1331. [PMID: 32386656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a global burden, and the increase in life span does not increase in parallel with health span. Therefore, older adults are currently living longer with chronic diseases, increased infections, and cancer. A characteristic of aging is the presence of chronic low-grade inflammation that is characterized by elevated concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α, and C-reactive protein, which has been termed inflammaging. Previous studies have demonstrated that chronic inflammation interferes with T-cell response and macrophage function and is also detrimental for vaccine responses. This raises the question of whether therapeutic strategies that reduce inflammation may be useful for improving immunity in older adults. In this review we discuss the potential causes of inflammaging, the cellular source of the inflammatory mediators, and the mechanisms by which inflammation may inhibit immunity. Finally, we describe existing interventions that target inflammation that have been used to enhance immunity during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma S Chambers
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Arne N Akbar
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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15
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Abstract
Immunologic memory is the ability of adaptive immune system to quickly and specifically recognize previously encountered antigens and initiate an effector response. Alloreactive memory cells can mount rapid and robust responses to the transplanted organ resulting in allograft injury. Thus preexisting humoral or cellular memory alloresponses are typically associated with poor graft outcomes in experimental and clinical transplantation. While both B and T lymphocytes exhibit memory responses, this review discusses recent updates on the biology of memory T cells and their relevance to the field of transplantation. Three major areas of focus are the emergence and characterization of tissue resident memory T cells, manipulation of T cell metabolic pathways, and the latest promising approaches to targeting detrimental T cell memory in the settings of organ transplantation.
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16
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Jacquemont L, Tilly G, Yap M, Doan-Ngoc TM, Danger R, Guérif P, Delbos F, Martinet B, Giral M, Foucher Y, Brouard S, Degauque N. Terminally Differentiated Effector Memory CD8 + T Cells Identify Kidney Transplant Recipients at High Risk of Graft Failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 31:876-891. [PMID: 32165419 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019080847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying biomarkers to predict kidney transplant failure and to define new therapeutic targets requires more comprehensive understanding of the immune response to chronic allogeneic stimulation. METHODS We investigated the frequency and function of CD8+ T cell subsets-including effector memory (EM) and terminally differentiated EM (TEMRA) CD8+ T cells-in blood samples from 284 kidney transplant recipients recruited 1 year post-transplant and followed for a median of 8.3 years. We also analyzed CD8+ T cell reactivity to donor-specific PBMCs in 24 patients who had received living-donor kidney transplants. RESULTS Increased frequency of circulating TEMRA CD8+ T cells at 1 year post-transplant associated with increased risk of graft failure during follow-up. This association remained after adjustment for a previously reported composite of eight clinical variables, the Kidney Transplant Failure Score. In contrast, increased frequency of EM CD8+ T cells associated with reduced risk of graft failure. A distinct TEMRA CD8+ T cell subpopulation was identified that was characterized by expression of FcγRIIIA (CD16) and by high levels of proinflammatory cytokine secretion and cytotoxic activity. Although donor-specific stimulation induced a similar rapid, early response in EM and TEMRA CD8+ T cells, CD16 engagement resulted in selective activation of TEMRA CD8+ T cells, which mediated antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS At 1 year post-transplant, the composition of memory CD8+ T cell subsets in blood improved prediction of 8-year kidney transplant failure compared with a clinical-variables score alone. A subpopulation of TEMRA CD8+ T cells displays a novel dual mechanism of activation mediated by engagement of the T-cell receptor or of CD16. These findings suggest that TEMRA CD8+ T cells play a pivotal role in humoral and cellular rejection and reveal the potential value of memory CD8+ T cell monitoring for predicting risk of kidney transplant failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Jacquemont
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Gaëlle Tilly
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Michelle Yap
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Tra-My Doan-Ngoc
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Richard Danger
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Bernard Martinet
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Magali Giral
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Yohann Foucher
- INSERM, Université de Nantes, methodS in Patient-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch (SPHERE), UMR1246, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Degauque
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Nantes, France; .,CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
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17
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Xu B, Yuan L, Chen G, Li T, Zhou J, Zhang C, Qin P, Muthana MM, Wang S, Du X, Gao Q. S-15 in combination of Akt inhibitor promotes the expansion of CD45RA -CCR7 + tumor infiltrating lymphocytes with high cytotoxic potential and downregulating PD-1 +Tim-3 + cells as well as regulatory T cells. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:322. [PMID: 31827396 PMCID: PMC6889332 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1043-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (Tils) immunotherapy is a promising treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular cancer. Although Tils treatment has shown great promise, their persistence and the efficacy after adoptive-transfer are insufficient and remain a challenge. Studies have demonstrated that IL-15 and Akt inhibitor can regulate T cell differentiation and memory. Here, we constructed S-15 (Super human IL-15), a fusion protein consisting of human IL-15, the sushi domain of the IL-15 receptor α chain and human IgG-Fc. Herein we compared the effects of S-15 with IL-2 or in combination with Akti on the expansion and activation of Tils. Methods Hepatocellular cancer tissues were obtained from 6 patients, Tils were expanded using IL-2, IL-2/S-15, IL-2/Akti or in combination IL-2/S-15/Akti. At day 10, anti-CD3 antibody was added to the culture media and expanded to day 25. The composition, exhaustion and T-cell differentiation markers (CD45RA/CCR7) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results We found that IL-2/S-15/Akti expanded Tils and showed the highest percentage of central memory CD45RA-CCR7+ phenotype prior to anti-CD3 antibody activation and after anti-CD3 antibody activation. T cells cultured with IL-2/S-15/Akti exhibited a mixture of CD4+, CD8+, and CD3+CD4-CD8- T cells; S-15 in combination with Akt inhibitor downregulated the expression of PD-1+Tim-3+ on Tils and decreased the Tregs in Tils. Additionally, the Tils expanded in the presence of the Akt inhibitor and S-15 showed enhanced antitumor activity as indicated by the increase in IFN-γ producing tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells and without comprising the Tils expansion. Conclusion Our study elucidates that IL-2/S-15/Akti expanded Tils and represent a viable source for the cellular therapy for patients with hepatocellular cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benling Xu
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Long Yuan
- 2Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Chen
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Tiepeng Li
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxue Zhou
- 3Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjuan Zhang
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Qin
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Musleh M Muthana
- 4Division of Immunotherapy, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Shengdian Wang
- 5CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexiang Du
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Quanli Gao
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
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18
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Siu JHY, Surendrakumar V, Richards JA, Pettigrew GJ. T cell Allorecognition Pathways in Solid Organ Transplantation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2548. [PMID: 30455697 PMCID: PMC6230624 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation is unusual in that T cells can recognize alloantigen by at least two distinct pathways: as intact MHC alloantigen on the surface of donor cells via the direct pathway; and as self-restricted processed alloantigen via the indirect pathway. Direct pathway responses are viewed as strong but short-lived and hence responsible for acute rejection, whereas indirect pathway responses are typically thought to be much longer lasting and mediate the progression of chronic rejection. However, this is based on surprisingly scant experimental evidence, and the recent demonstration that MHC alloantigen can be re-presented intact on recipient dendritic cells-the semi-direct pathway-suggests that the conventional view may be an oversimplification. We review recent advances in our understanding of how the different T cell allorecognition pathways are triggered, consider how this generates effector alloantibody and cytotoxic CD8 T cell alloresponses and assess how these responses contribute to early and late allograft rejection. We further discuss how this knowledge may inform development of cellular and pharmacological therapies that aim to improve transplant outcomes, with focus on the use of induced regulatory T cells with indirect allospecificity and on the development of immunometabolic strategies. KEY POINTS Acute allograft rejection is likely mediated by indirect and direct pathway CD4 T cell alloresponses.Chronic allograft rejection is largely mediated by indirect pathway CD4 T cell responses. Direct pathway recognition of cross-dressed endothelial derived MHC class II alloantigen may also contribute to chronic rejection, but the extent of this contribution is unknown.Late indirect pathway CD4 T cell responses will be composed of heterogeneous populations of allopeptide specific T helper cell subsets that recognize different alloantigens and are at various stages of effector and memory differentiation.Knowledge of the precise indirect pathway CD4 T cell responses active at late time points in a particular individual will likely inform the development of alloantigen-specific cellular therapies and will guide immunometabolic modulation.
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Degauque N, Brosseau C, Brouard S. Regulation of the Immune Response by the Inflammatory Metabolic Microenvironment in the Context of Allotransplantation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1465. [PMID: 29988548 PMCID: PMC6026640 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen challenge induced by allotransplantation results in the activation of T and B cells, followed by their differentiation and proliferation to mount an effective immune response. Metabolic fitness has been shown to be crucial for supporting the major shift from quiescent to active immune cells and for tuning the immune response. Metabolic reprogramming includes regulation of the balance between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration processes. Recent research has shed new light on the functions served by the end products of metabolism such as lactate, acetate, and ATP. At enhanced local concentrations, these metabolites have complex effects in which they not only induce T and B cell responses, cell mobility, and cytokine secretion but also favor the resolution of inflammation by promoting regulatory functions. Such mechanisms are instrumental in the context of the immune response in transplantation, not only to protect the graft and/or eliminate cells targeting it but also to maintain cell homeostasis per se. Metabolic adaptation thus plays an instrumental role on the outcome of the cellular and humoral responses. This, of course, raises the possibility of drugs that would interfere in these metabolic pathways to control the immune response but also highlights the risk that some drugs may perturb this metabolism and cell homeostasis and be deleterious for graft outcome. This review focuses on how metabolic alterations of the local immune microenvironment regulate the immune response and the impact of metabolic manipulation in allotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Degauque
- CRTI UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Carole Brosseau
- CRTI UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- CRTI UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
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