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Hou J, Wang Y, Shi L, Chen Y, Xu C, Saeedi A, Pan K, Bohat R, Egan NA, McKenzie JA, Mbofung RM, Williams LJ, Yang Z, Sun M, Liang X, Rodon Ahnert J, Varadarajan N, Yee C, Chen Y, Hwu P, Peng W. Integrating genome-wide CRISPR immune screen with multi-omic clinical data reveals distinct classes of tumor intrinsic immune regulators. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e001819. [PMID: 33589527 PMCID: PMC7887353 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite approval of immunotherapy for a wide range of cancers, the majority of patients fail to respond to immunotherapy or relapse following initial response. These failures may be attributed to immunosuppressive mechanisms co-opted by tumor cells. However, it is challenging to use conventional methods to systematically evaluate the potential of tumor intrinsic factors to act as immune regulators in patients with cancer. METHODS To identify immunosuppressive mechanisms in non-responders to cancer immunotherapy in an unbiased manner, we performed genome-wide CRISPR immune screens and integrated our results with multi-omics clinical data to evaluate the role of tumor intrinsic factors in regulating two rate-limiting steps of cancer immunotherapy, namely, T cell tumor infiltration and T cell-mediated tumor killing. RESULTS Our studies revealed two distinct types of immune resistance regulators and demonstrated their potential as therapeutic targets to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. Among them, PRMT1 and RIPK1 were identified as a dual immune resistance regulator and a cytotoxicity resistance regulator, respectively. Although the magnitude varied between different types of immunotherapy, genetically targeting PRMT1 and RIPK1 sensitized tumors to T-cell killing and anti-PD-1/OX40 treatment. Interestingly, a RIPK1-specific inhibitor enhanced the antitumor activity of T cell-based and anti-OX40 therapy, despite limited impact on T cell tumor infiltration. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the data provide a rich resource of novel targets for rational immuno-oncology combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakai Hou
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Leilei Shi
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chunyu Xu
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Arash Saeedi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ke Pan
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ritu Bohat
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nicholas A Egan
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jodi A McKenzie
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rina M Mbofung
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Leila J Williams
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zhenhuang Yang
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ming Sun
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaofang Liang
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jordi Rodon Ahnert
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Navin Varadarajan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cassian Yee
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Patrick Hwu
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Weiyi Peng
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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Gröschel C, Sasse A, Röhrborn C, Monecke S, Didié M, Elsner L, Kruse V, Bunt G, Lichtman AH, Toischer K, Zimmermann WH, Hasenfuß G, Dressel R. T helper cells with specificity for an antigen in cardiomyocytes promote pressure overload-induced progression from hypertrophy to heart failure. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15998. [PMID: 29167489 PMCID: PMC5700082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16147-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether CD4+-T cells with specificity for an antigen in cardiomyocytes promote the progression from hypertrophy to heart failure in mice with increased pressure load due to transverse aortic constriction (TAC). OT-II mice expressing a transgenic T cell receptor (TCR) with specificity for ovalbumin (OVA) on CD4+-T cells and cMy-mOVA mice expressing OVA on cardiomyocytes were crossed. The resulting cMy-mOVA-OT-II mice did not display signs of spontaneous autoimmunity despite the fact that their OVA-specific CD4+-T cells were not anergic. After TAC, progression to heart failure was significantly accelerated in cMy-mOVA-OT-II compared to cMy-mOVA mice. No OVA-specific antibodies were induced in response to TAC in cMy-mOVA-OT-II mice, yet more CD3+ T cells infiltrated their myocardium when compared with TAC-operated cMy-mOVA mice. Systemically, the proportion of activated CD4+-T cells with a Th1 and Th17 cytokine profile was increased in cMy-mOVA-OT-II mice after TAC. Thus, T helper cells with specificity for an antigen in cardiomyocytes can directly promote the progression of heart failure in response to pressure overload independently of autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Gröschel
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - André Sasse
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Charlotte Röhrborn
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Monecke
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Didié
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Leslie Elsner
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Kruse
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gertrude Bunt
- Clinical Optical Microscopy, Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrew H Lichtman
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karl Toischer
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wolfram-Hubertus Zimmermann
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gerd Hasenfuß
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dressel
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. .,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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